Coursework confirmation Yes A 2 sm 89 ©9 No na Marking comments ‘A= A fieldwork question has been identified and its ‘geographical context is relevant and linked to the syllabus. A specific location has been identified in one of the maps, but its wider geographical location isnt clear, with the candidate using a map which is too general, which makes it difficult to understand the link between the two. Wider scale map also has little input from candidate. B= Overall, candidate describes the data collection used, with a brief explanation of how these allow for the collection of data which is relevant to the study. No statistical test is described and only two methods are described which limits the numbers of marks in this section, even if there is evidence these have been used correctly. C= Most information collected is relevant to answer the ‘question formulated, but some graphs have not been produced correctly. There are some omissions in some of the tities, and the scatter graph isnt displayed correctly. Overall, the information and data have been presented in ways which are appropriate for the type of data, such as pie charts and tables, but other information could have been presented in a more effective way (eg. photos and fieldsketches) D= The written analysis is mainly descriptive, and the data, information, trends and patterns are presented in a way thatlinks to the fieldwork question formulated. Overall, a good attempt from this candidate whose limitations in using key terminology and concepts are evident, but some valid conclusions are deduced. E=A conclusion to the fieldwork question is formulated, which is partially supported by the analysis F= Strengths and weaknesses of the data collection methods are suggestions for improvements are outlined, and are relevant to the study. Further explanation is needed to move to the next mark band.Geography Internal Assessment How does Beach Morphology vary across different transects at Ogmore-by-sea beach? Word count:2500Content 1. Introduetion 2. Field work question 3. Hypothesis 4. equipment 5. Variables 6. Procedure 7. Methodology 8. Data analysis (Gradient, Sediment type and size) 9. Evaluation 10. ConclusionIntroduction: This investigation is about Beach Morphology (area of study that focuses on the shapes and formation of beaches) and carries out our studies of the Oceans and Coastal Margin, The investigation area is one of the coastal village, which is located on the “Vale of Glamorgan Heritage coast between Bridgend and Llantwit Major”!and was selected due to its location with range of sediment. As we ean see in the photo below, this area is an example of coastal beach with headlands and sedimentary area and contains different type of sediment. The types of sediment which are deposited by waves can have impact on beach morphology There are some factors that can affect the morphology of beach such waves, type of waves, which are Constructive with strong Swash weak Backwash, Destructive waves with weak Swash and strong Backwash, Berms (the barrier separating two areas), weather (wind) and deposition. graphics: 1 *OGMORE BY SEA." Ogmore by Sea - Vale of Glamorgan. Accessed October 09, 2018. http://www.ogmorebysea.co.uk/.Figure 1 Ogmore-bysea (google map) Figure 2: Ogmore-8y-Seain Woles Fieldwork questios ‘The question that follows this investigation is “How does Beach Morphology vary across different transects at Ogmore-by-sea beach?” ‘To answer this question, we consider the sediment type along the beach and the gradient. Hypothesis: In this investigation, | am going to consider two hypotheses, which are as follows: ‘The first hypothesis is that, there isa direct relationship between gradient and sediment size ‘on the beach. When the gradient gets lower the sediment size gets smaller and when the ‘gradient gets higher the sediment size gets bigger. The second hypothesis, I expect that theSediment size will decrease with distance from a storm beach. The farther we go from the storm beach, the smaller the sediment gets, So, it means the sediments closer to the sea is bigger and as it goes farther and distance gets longer, the sediment size gets smaller. Variables: Independent: Gradient and Distance from a storm beach Dependent: Sediment size Equipmen 1. Clinometer 2. Calliper 3. Quadrat 4. Tap measure 5. Ranging pales Methods and description of data c¢ Various methods were used in order to collect data. Three sections were considered in which 3 data were collected in section one, 2 data in section 2 and 2 data in section 3. Section two which is Slipway and section three small storm beach and section four long storm beach Within each section, data collection points were randomly selected but not too close to each other,Beach profile: Firstly, the gradient of beach was measured by using the Tape measure at six different areas of the beach 25 meters away from where the tide divides the beach and the water. Second, every 5 meters were marked. As shown in picture below, the ranging poles were placed in each marked area with 5-meter distance from each other and by using Clinometer the gradient were measured for every 5 meters in each of the six areas. Figure 3 measuring the Gradient ‘Then, at each 5 meters the quadrat was placed randomly in order to make sure the samples ‘were a fair representation of the sediment on the beach. Then we measured the sediment size by using Calliper and once again the sediment were chosen randomly. The quadrat is divided into 100 small quadrats which helped to find out the percentage of different sediment type in chosen area. Bearing the Wentworth chart in mind, the type of sediments and its percentage were found out, As seen in picture below, the percentage of Pebbles, Cobbles and Sand were measured by using quadrat.Figure 4 measuring the percentage of exch sediment ype and-ize of sediment Sediment type and sediment size: We divided the sediments into different types by considering their sizes. Picture below shows the different type of sediment and its size. According to this information we divided the sediment into 3 types of Cobbles, Pebbles and Sand,Wentworth chart: 8 8S 8 BEE oyun pac TS, ni arr ee || wine Pata alee gesesae s 0] Sonos, ss 8 & Poanowen an 2B (Aung =u) MET SeHOIS Bsseaas a R sereornn - 28 Bf 8G I { wig ib BGS peeneagk cx indus of Sore" Rageosgi§ sesungaig a inst onan 1 a wu = wo0w SERARAASTSERETSERLER — ANTS ‘ayo ‘soumads Sams ‘ron PRURAUERERSEROERAERE | q ATICENE SN LOS, $ a) RuegagagasceseaggaRascsseasagaag 5 = § 8 & Loutyete dog ihe baked F 7 oo +e te wee oO wR ww B Figure $: Wentorth chart hps:commons vikimdin ori Eile: Wentworth-Gain-Size-Chart pdfField sketeh: For the sketching the area of the investigation we drew the area of the investigation from 2 different places with different angles considering the CliffS, Sediment, Waves and the weather, Figure 6 Field serch Data treatme! To analyse the first Hypothesis (there is a direct rela ship between gradient and sediment size on the beach), the average gradient and average sediment size of each transect were found and put into a single table as below. ‘Transect | Avg. Gradient | Avg. sediment (em) A 38 3.548 B 68 3.4084 ic 78 4.032 D 5 4.736 E 44 29 F 74 0.936By using the Avg. Sediment and Avg. Gradient, a scatter graph has been plotted to show the relationship between these two variables. According to graph, it confirms the hypothesis and shows that there is a weak positive correlation between the gradient and the sediment size. The trend fine is used to show the correlation within data and as seen in graph, not all the data fits the line which means there is not a really strong positive correlation but weak correlation and as the gradient gets steeper, the sediment size increase. It shows a weak correlation between the two variables. In other words, the changes in the size of sediment depends on changes in gradient. As gradient gets steeper, the sediment size also increases (figure 8). ‘igure 8: correlation benwcen Gradient and Sediment size Some of the data, which are far away from the trend line, points out to the instability of the beach. One of the factors that shape the beach morphology is Swash, Backwash, and the Wave types. Constructive wave has a stronger “swash (which carries sediments up slop following the breaking of the wave) and weak backwash (which returns some sediments, 10‘back downslope to the sea as a result of gravity)”, which means that the sediment moves due to the pressure of water and wind, this process is called deposition. ‘Moreover, in constructive wave as the swash is stronger, it allows the sediment to move further away from the sea and these sediments are being build up. When the water comes back as backwash due gravity, the size of the sediments which is bigger allows the process of percolation to happen. The backwash is weaker and less sediment will be carried away. Formation of Berm, which is a “flattened area of a beach slightly above the tide line created by repeated sediment deposits from storm waves”, *has an impact on the beach morphology as it shapes the gradient of a beach. ‘The Bar chart below shows the correctness of first hypothesis and portrays the correlation between the sediment size and the gradient, igure 9: graph showing the Avg. Gradient ws Avg, Sediment of each transects 2 Hill Michael. Coasts and Coastal Management. london: Hodder Murray, 2004. 2 McMahon, Mary, and Bronwyn Harris. "What Isa Berm?" WiseGEEK. October 13, 2018. Accessed October 29, 2018. https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-berm htm, uw‘Another data that had been collected in order to answer the Field Question is based on the Second Hypothesis (the sediment size will decrease with the distance from a storm beach). The table below is the percentage of the sediment, which has been calculated from the raw data, Sediment percentage Transects ‘Clay Silt (%) Sand Pebbles Cobbles () %) (%) (%) A 0 o 2s 35 40 B 0 o 33.6 42.6 23.8 Cc 0 o o 80.4 19.6 D 0 o 20 6 0 E 0 ° 6 m2 168 F 0 o 34.4 434 22.2 River Estuary ¢_____» Distances ________, Strom beach ‘This grpah shown above, says that there is a negative correlation (shown by trendline) ‘between distance and the sediment size in a storm beach, As distance increase from a storm beach, the sediemtn size will decrease, which means the further away we get from a storm. beach, the smaller the sediment size will get. 2Percentage of sediment type: Transect A (further away from storm beach) 1 Malay = ssl» sand # Xpebbes # séCobbles/boulders Transect E < Melay # Hit %sand © pebbles # XCobbles/boulders ‘As we can see, there is a disparity between the two Pie chart, which shows the sediment type and size in two different Transects. Transect E which is the closest transect to the storm beach has high amount of Pebbles and less amount of Sand and Clay. In contrast, transect A which is further away from storm beach and close to river estuary, it contains less Pebbles and more Clay and Sand that are smaller. Transect E and F, which are the Storm beach are affected by the storm weather. Therefore, these transects are different from others. In these transects due wind and storm, wave energy is much stronger and greater than usual. This ‘means that the sediments deposit further away. 3explanation Suggestion for improvement Tide The stronger the tide, the | doing investigation in a day less accurate the with nicer weather and less measurements, because the | tide tide cause the waves, conditions change and move the sediments which can change the beach morphology at the time of investigation. Time Due lack of enough time, the | The investigation could be ‘measurement and done in a another day when investigation happened in a_| we have enough time faster speed which could | without rush possibly impact on accuracy of investigation Weather (wind) Because the weather was | We can either measure it in windy, it made it harder to measure the distance due movement of the tape by wind/ also it makes the weather colder collaborative way so one can hold the tape to make sure the measurement is accurate or we can postpone the investigation into a calmer weather with less wind Human error The percentage of each type of sediment in each area were estimated instead of ‘measuring by a valid equipment ‘A valid or standard equipment can avoid form error Con In conclusion, several factors affect the Beach morphology of Ogmore-By-Sea. This answer has been concluded by analysing of the two hypothesis. First, there is direct relationship between gradient and sediment size on the beach. second, sediment size will decrease with distance from storm beach. As has been evaluated through this investigation there are several factors that vary the morphology of the beach such as deposition, the formation of berm, wind, wave and wave type, swash and backwash. 14Average sediment size: Transee | Distance from sea | gradient | Sed | Sed | Sed | Sed | Sed t i | m]s | a4 | s 5 ig |i [1 | os | 06 uw [23 [19 [a6 [2 [13 A 1s | 37 | 4 | 26 | 34 | 44 4 [67 | 10 [mt [3s [a9 4 4 | s9 | a6 | 5 | 39 to | 93 | 41 | a1 [an | ie 6 | s6 [12 [1s | ia] 3 s [21 [11 | os | ong | 075 B a [3a [as [os [a | 24 s|1s7 [31 [29 | 10 [93 3 3 [as [1 [06 | 0a a [as [is [is [31 [as g 6 s_| s9 [102 [72 | 4s a | as [os | 4 | 67 | 62 18 s [as [1 [is [os 6 ia [23 | aa [26 [7 a 7 | 46 [+ [16 [13 | 64 D s [22 [3 [13 [14 [16 [ais | as [a2 [2s [1a 3 2 | 39 | 17 | 28 | 39 E 4 [32 [24 [29 [is [03 s | 34 [29 [21 [a7 [1 s | 6s [28 [24 | 38 [23 s [45 [32 [as [36 [37 9 wy [is | 2 faa [a F 9 us [21 [i [oa | 03 3 _| 29 [18 [02 [07 | 04 6 [os [07 [os [02 | a1 MS=20-25 s [07 [ 02 [02 [or | 03 45Appendices: Distance Sedt | Sed? Seda | Sed Transect | from Sea__| Gradient | (cm) | (cm) | seds(em) | (cm) | (cm) | séclay | vst | sésand | sepebbles | sécobbles/boulders s[1a[ 4 i{_os| o6[ o| o| ws 18 aa| 23[ 19 as| 12[ 13/ o| o| 47 a7 : ae] 37[ sa 26[ 34] aa{ oo] o| 0 75 ‘Ma= 15-20 «| 67| 10 zil_as| as{ of of 20 MS= 20-25 al 59 as] s[| 39] ol ol] 0 15 Average 58 sf 35 Distance Sed ] Sed? Seda | Sed Transect | from Sea__| Gradient | (cm) | (em) | seda(em) | (cm) | (cm) | vclay | vst | vésand | vpebbles | vécobbles/boulders sol 93| a1 gi] 24 | ia | [os 52 6|a6| 12 us| 12[ a[ o| o| o 1100 a s| 2a] a4 a1[oos|o7s| o| o| aa 2 a| 38| 36 cal af 24{ of ol 7 a s|aa7[ 34 2s| 10] 93/ ol o| o 28 o 0 336 Sed | Sed? Seda | Sed Transect Gradient | (cm) | (cm) | Sed3{cm) | (cm) | (cm) | séclay | sit | sand | sépebbles | %¢Cobbles/boulders 3|_ 46 1{o6{ oaf o| of o 95 a[as| 1s as{ aa[ 2s[ of of o 1100 c «{ s[ss|w2| 72[ as[ ol of a 58 a| ss| 66 a{67[ 62] of of o 55 te s| 4s i] is[o6[ oo] ol a 94 Pei io Distance ‘Sed | Sed? ‘Seda | Sed Transect Gradient | (cm) | (em) | sed3{em) | (em) _| (cm) | séclay | seit | sand | sépebbles | 4Cobbles/boulders 6[ 13[ 23 33| 26[ 7a{ of of 0 98 s[_aa] 2a us| 2a[ 72[ o| of o 90 > 7{ a6 a as[13| 6a] ol] of o 100 s|_22| 3 i3| 14[a6[ ol o| 40 60 was | ss 42| 25[/ 14[ ol] o| 60 20 ‘Average oo 2 Distance Sedt | Sed2 Seda | Sed Transect | from Sea _| Gradient | (cm) | (cm) | sea3(em) | (cm) | (em) | sclay | vst | sésand | spebbles | %6Cobbles/boulders a[_2[ 39 a7[ 2e[ as] of of o as a{ 32] 2a 2s| a1] o3a{ of of 0 95, a s|_s4| 29 zal a7] a{ of o| 2 35 s| sal 28 24[asl{ 23{ of o| 3 7 s[ as | 32 ai} 36/37] of oo] oo 3aCee Distance edt | Sed Seda | Seds Transect | from Sea__| Gradient | (cm) | (cm) | sea3(em) | (cm) | (em) | sclay | vsit | sésand | pebbles | s6Cobbles/boulders [19] 15 2[ a4] 1a ‘o| 5 o[ a9| 2a ai| oa[ 03 ol 33 : s| 20 18 o2| o7| 04 of 0 30 6| os| o7 o4| 02/01 o[ 76 20 a[o7| o2 o2| 01] 03 ol] 36 3 ce v7References: 1. Hill, Michael. Coasts and Coastal Management. London: Hodder Murray, 2004. 2. McMahon, Mary, and Bronwyn Harris. "What Is a Berm?" WiseGEEK. October 13, 2018. Accessed October 29, 2018. https:/Awww.wisegeck.com/whateis-a-berm,htm, 3. "OGMORE BY SEA." Ogmore by Sea - Vale of Glamorgan, Accessed October 09, 2018, hitp://www.o4 ssea.co.uki, 18