tenses

What are Tenses?

 Derived from Latin word “Tempus” meaning TIME

 Are form taken by a verb to show the time of an action or the state of an event.
 Tenses based on time frame

The Present Tense: expresses

unchanging, repeated or
The Past Tense: expresses an The Future Tense: expresses
reoccurring action or
action or situation that was an action or situation that
situation that exists only now.
started and finished in past will occur in the future
It can also present a
widespread truth

Will season 9 of
Elena is friends
Elena loved the series
with Stefan and
Stefan. “Vampire Diaries”
Damon.
be aired?
Tenses based on
aspect
 Aspect refers to the nature of the action
described by a verb(shows continuity or
completeness of the action and time)
 Indefinite or Simple: does not indicate
whether the action is complete or not
 Bonnie Bennett is a powerful witch.
 Continuous or Progressive: describe an
unfinished action, the action that is still going
on
 Caroline is raising twins with Alaric Saltzman.
 Perfect: describe a finished action
 Damon has a close friendship with Bonnie.
 Perfect Continuous: describe an action which
began in the past and is continuing
 Matt has been planning to run for Mayor.
Classification
Verb Tenses

The Present Tense The Past Tense The Future Tense

Present Indefinite Past Indefinite Future Indefinite

Present Continuous Past Continuous Future Continuous
Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Future Perfect Continuous
 Rules
(for active voice: subject + action + object)
Simple Forms Continuous Forms Perfect Forms Perfect Continuous
Forms

Present Subject + I form Subject + is/am/are + Subject + Subject + has/have +

of Verb(V1) I form of Verb(V1) has/have + III form been + I form of
+’s’/’es’ +’ing’ of Verb(V3) Verb(V1) +’ing’

Past Subject + II form Subject + was/were + Subject + had + III Subject + had been + I
of Verb(V2) I form of Verb(V1) form of Verb(V3) form of Verb(V1) +’ing’
+’ing’

Future Subject + will/shall Subject + will/shall be Subject + will/shall Subject + will/shall

+ I form of + I form of Verb(V1) have + III form of have been + I form of
Verb(V1) +’ing’ Verb(V3) Verb(V1) +’ing’
 examples
(for active voice: subject + action + object)
Simple Forms Continuous Forms Perfect Forms Perfect Continuous
Forms

Present Klaus likes Klaus is building an Stefan has killed Enzo has been
Caroline. army of new hybrids. Enzo. watching over Bonnie
in the afterlife in Season
8 of Vampire
Diaries(VD).
Past Vicki Donovan Alaric was turning Klaus had moved Matt had been
turned into a into a human again. to New Orleans. protecting Mystic Falls
vampire. from Vampires.

Future Caroline will raise Enzo will be Stefan will have Elena will have been
the twins with resurrecting in Season established a sleeping for 60 years
Alaric. 8. boarding school before her deep sleep
for supernatural curse breaks.
teens by the end
of the series.
 Rules
(for passive voice: Object + action + subject)
Simple Forms Continuous Forms Perfect Forms Perfect Continuous
Forms

Present Object + Object + is/am/are + Object + has/have

is/are/am + V3 being + V3 + been + V3 __

Past Object + Object + was/were Object + had +

was/were + V3 +being + V3 been + V3 __

Future Object + will/shall Object + will/shall

+ be + V3 __ have + been + V3 __
 Examples
(for passive voice: Object + action + subject)
Simple Forms Continuous Forms Perfect Forms Perfect Continuous
Forms

Present Caroline is liked An army of new Enzo has been

by Klaus. hybrids is being built killed by Stephen. __
by Klaus.

Past Vicki Donovan Alaric was being Klaus had been

was turned into a turned into a human. moved to New __
vampire. Orleans.

Future The twins shall be By the end of the

raised by __ series, a boarding __
Caroline. school for
supernatural teens
shall have been
established by
Stefan.
Thank you so much!