SH erste MOCKOBCKRHH ABHANHOHHH i TEXHUKYM I. H. BIHOTPAOB HONSNT WWK-MEX., BOENNBM TETIIE KOHCTPYKNMA WH PACYET CAMOJETA HA WPOWHOCTE HO, PEIARQUEN upod. B. I. BETUMHKHHA Fmeepacdeno Taaoun yueGuue aacedenut ERIM cer vpassenues 2 xaucemoe yucGuuna das aeuayuonneice meznunyroo a 1935 209 > our BETH ccoP TUABUAM PEAR AA ABHANMMOHKOM THTEPATYPH MOCKBA 1935 ooGH ee ster Kwura npeauasnavaeten 8 Kavecthe yseOunKa a9 cT ReNTOR ABHAUHOHUBIX TeXHUKYMOB H MOCTpOeHA No yrRepaKTeH- Hof Hayyno-meroaws. uenpom TYATI nporpamme sutaeworo xypea. Mopaaok wa10xeHHs KHHTH COoTReTCTBYeT nocaeao- BaTeabNocTH NpoxoxxeHMA Kypca, TeoperHueckan Yactb Kypca KaxkAoit TaaBHl AoNOTHAeTCH MpHMepaMH PacieToR 0 KYpco- BRIM 1 AHNMOMHMM 3azanuaM, Kpome Toro antop npunoaitt Be— COBKE H OCHOBHEIe aapoAHRaMHYeckHe AAHHME NO caMOAeTaM: AT-1, ¥-2; P-5, K-7, Mrpano 35/M c uemsi0 2aTb BosMOx- HocTb MpORsBOAHTs NoBepowmue PaceTH camozera. B Kone KATH B MpHAOKeHMAX COcpeAOTOUeNM Te MaTePHAA, KOTO- ple ReoGxoaMMM cTyAeHTY B KayecTRe MOCoGHA pH pewe- BHM 34184, KYPCOBOM H ARNAOMHOM NPOeKTHPOBAHMH, a TaKxKe Kparkwe chedeHHA © CBOHCTBaX M TexHOAOTMM oObpasoTKiE HCKOTOPMX apHamatepHazos. Texu. Peaawrop M. M. Maxaaeoe- Sones Tloanwcaua « nesara 1/Xi 1935 ¢- 440 4g. Pyan PuetHepa. ee 2 442 5y9. Koncrpyxums omepenua. 2 2 2. nes + 443 Gj Povard pyteh oe ee ee eet » 445 74 Uippa ee ee + 4M6 Taasa 20 Pacuet onepenus Log. Hopmet mpownoctd «6 6. ee ee ee ee ee AMD Doo. Mipimepsr pacueta. eee ee ABD Taasa 21 Opraust ynpasaenus'camoneToM In. Pa6ora opratios ynpasaenna owe ee ee 428 Qy. Ocuoonme cxemm ympanaena oe ee ee AB By. Cxemo delictauat pyteh se ee ee ee AIS 4u Oco6sie cxemsi yapasaenus camonetoM 1... ee ee ee ADS Bay. Yeast orknonemis pyre... ee ee ATT Gy. Kunematuxa ynpasnenwa se eee ee AD Ty. Koncrpyxuna uentpaasHoro ynpasaenua see ee 482 8). Koucrpykuns onopHisx nogwiMMuMKOR . 2) eee ee ABE 92, Koucrpyxuss potvaros ynpastenua 2... ee 48h 10... Koncrpykuus Hoanoro ynpapaenua . 2. ee eee een neo 1pj, OGopyoaanne motopHOrO nyzbTa H KAMA. SS) le 488 Mipwnorenua 1—XIV «oo ea ee we es AOI 8BL Moe ee . 6: Tlepevens ucroumuxos, wcnoassonaHHiix aptopo:GH 0 cet NPEANCHOBHE PEAAKTOPA Mpeaaaraemas Kura cocrasneua mo mporpassam HMU CYA sone orsevaet TpeSoBanHio—cayKuTs YHeOUMKOM AIX CTYReHTOR ABMANMOHHEIX TeXHHKYMOR. B knure aprop paso6pan sce OcHOBHBIe BONPOCH KOHCTpYMposaHHa HM pactera TAIBHMIX GacTeM caMONeTa H RAM MHOTO MOXPOSHEX MpHMepoB pacteToB. Twapocamonetst 8 KHiTe He paccuatpusawrcs. OchosHtim AocTOHHCTBOM KHHIH ABAGETCA ee COBPeMeHHOCT; B Hef sarpoHYTH Bce HoBelluIMe TeNeHHA B CAMOXeTOCTPOeHHH — paspesHule KPLIIbA, MperkpHIKH, SAKPHIAKH, WANE, MIaBaIOUIMe a1epOH. SAMH3i B COeAMMEHHM KpEIIa c GiosermKeM, TOpMosHue Komeca, MaCasHaa aMopTHsauus, yOHpawueeca macc#, Kanoru NACA, xoabua TayHenza, HOReMuMe CXeMM ynpaBAeHHA HT. 2. ~ Texct uauoctpuposax ocraToWMuiM KOAHeCTBOM PHCyHKOB H cxeM (cilaoBHX KWHeMaTHYecKHX H pacveTHErx). B xwure mpupexen weawi pax O4eHE BAKHLIX ANA KONCTPYKTOpa cratHeTHMecKRX epeqeHuf 0 pecax ordenbuNx ‘acre m xeTateh camometa H ero OGopyzoRanua, © Becax M pacueTe SaKNenOuHHIX coeAMHeHHI HT. H. Bee std HeoOxogumbie MatepHanl, pas6pocaHHsle No pA3HbIM XY pHamam (pyccKHM M MmocTpannbim) M Karanoram, coOpans B Kuure VW. H. Bayorpagopa, m 9T0 my2KHo cuHTaT® BTOpHIM KPYNHMIM ee ZOCTOHHeTBOM. IIpH aTOM MHOrHe KONCTPYKUMH BHepBHe onucupaiotes wa pyccKoM ase. Wyo KacaeTes pacteToB, TO OHM AAH B AOCTYMHOM ANT TexHHKOB HopMe; ¢ >TO! nenbio Gonee TPYANHE pacteTbl pasONTb Ha cocTaBHMe anemeHTapHMe YacTH. Taxol MeTON HsMoKeHUA YeeaHYHA OGbEM KHHTH, HO 3870 MosBOAHA BBeCTH 3B kype H MHOTONOHKEPONHME KPLITbA, HH MpoctpancrseHHWe Gepus co cTepaHAMHs MAYMUMH BO BCeX HanpaBnenuax. B Wexoropuix MeCTaX KHMTM pesyabraTH HCCMeOBAMWA AaHE ABTOPOM Gea" BLIBO- A0B, BBAAY TOTO YTO STH BHBOAM NO csoe tpyAHOCTH HeAOCTYNH 1A TEXHHKOB. laa pacteta cKaTHIX H CKATO-H3OTHYTHX aXeMeHTOB caMONeTHOM depmni asTop ‘ipumenser Meroa wwx. H. B, Moropxemscxoro (nogsepraytiifl Mifow xaabuetimeny pasBHTiio), H 91> MOIBOAAeT EMY NYT AM He BHepsMe BO BCeM MHpOBOM auTepatype H3AOKHTS LOCTATOMHO ACHO STOT BECbMa CHOKHBM BONPOC B Y4eOHHKe Ana TeXHAKYMa. Takum o6pasom kuura H. H. Banorpagona oGaanaet patom Kpynusix AOCTOMHCTB. K ameay Hx OTHOcHTeH TaWKE HeMOMBSOBANHE OMLITA COWSHEX KONCTPYKTOPCKHX 6100, [Ipuwepu pacueros psaTs no pacueTHSIM MaTepHaraM cyulecrByIoMHx caMoxeToB, mpwsem camoner AT-1 Out cmpoeKrHposaH asTapOM coaMecTH ¢ A, A. KpuAosuM. B ator camoser BseseHo MHOrO KOHCTPYKTHBULX HOBHHOK: KPLXO KeccoHNOrO THI, 7“KB “hyswan-AGua" Se NaNw, 3aa¥aB, MADAME sAepoHK, KanoT TyHNerbHOFO Tuna. B yveSunke mpuBexens MOAPOOHMe paceTH BCEK STHX anemeHTOB 4, . Baqaya apropa Mp coctapaeuHH yueOHNKa Ouiza ypessuiuafiHo OcAOKHEHA TpeOo- Baunem co cropox HMI TYAL] copmectuts KowerpyxtupuM HM pacveruuiil Mate- PHamH B AaNHOM OOveMe KUNTH, Ypespsuafiuo YaauHoe AaM YuaMMxeA TaKOe coeAst- wewWe MaTepHaaa BeCbMa TpYAHO faa aBTOpA M MoTpeGoBaco oT Hero Gostullott pacorss. C yaosaeTsopennem oTMeyaem, 4TO aBTOP cnpaBHica c aT sazavefi. B peaktuposanum pykonacn mpunumaau yyacrue minx. C. H. Wimkint—e vactt pacuera H yKasauMit meToAMYecKoro xapakrepa uo Hux, K, A, Barana—p wactu KOHCTpY Kun. B, Bemuunxun. 1 cenmabps 1985 2 1 K wactosmemy MOMeHTY MalluHa MocrpoeHa, mpouiaa craTHueckHe H nomeTHHe MCMUTANHA H Ha AMAX SaKawnBaeT rocynapcTaeHHMe McmBTANHA,GH a st NPEAUCHOBME ABTOPA »Katecmey xayno-mexnureckoit nodzomoext not oOnsaKst ydeaume menepb Cmoavno ekumanuA, CKOAD- KO HYHKHO OAK moz0, 4moou HE ene dozkams u nepecname nepe- Oosse 6 mexnuxo-sKoKomnuecKoK Omnowenuu Kanumaaucmureckue cmpanss, do6umeca amozo 8 xpam- natwut por. Hs Coxaada m. Mosomoca xa VII Coeade Cosemoe CCCP 291 1935 2- Mpenaaraemuf xype ,Komerpykuna pacueT caMoneta Ha npouHocts', npeanasna- enRbif TaaBHBIM O6pasoM AMA AaBHANMOHHHX TeXHMKYMOB, CTaBHT cBoeH sazayeft KOMNAeKCHOe paspelleHHe BOMPOcoB aBHANMONHOTO KOMCTPyMposaHa AMI» B TOM Mepe, Kakaa AMMTYeTCR OOBeMOM NOAYYeHRBIX cTYAeNTOM sHaNHMt B pesyabTate Npo- XOKLCHHS OCHOBHHX TEOPETHYECKHX TUCWBILINE, KaK-TO: aspoaMRaMHKH, COnpOTHBAeHHA MatepHaios H crpoHTembHOfl MexaHHKH. . Vimes 6 puay, ¥T0 NO ycnosusm nporpamme cpeanero asnauMoNHO-TexAHyecKoro- OGpasopanus BONPOCH ONpexeneHHA HAHBMrOAHeMIlMx pasmepos caMoueta H OTbICKANHe BapHanta c BMCOKOH aspoaMHaMM¥ecKol oTMaNel O6MYHO He paccMaTpHBaiTca, MEL CuHTaeM OTHPABHEIM MYHKTOM HalHX paccyaMeHni uenbifl arperat camoaeta: KpwaeA, (posers, wWaccH, OnepeHHe, MoTopHaa ycTaHOBKa B UX 3aKOHYEHHOM aHHOM cxeme c OcHOBHEIMH H raGapHTHAMH pasMepaMH. B wamevennux rpaHHuax KOHcTpyHposanHa onpererenHe ysnouuX cHa H pau oWaMbHaa paspa6orka y31a CO CTOpoHN TpeGosaHHa HOpM npouHocTH, npousBoxcTsa HM MaTepHatos ABAMOTCH OCHOBHMMH OGBeKTaMH SanaHHH TeXHUKa-KOMCTpyKTOpa mpi eFo padote Ha cepHiiHoM 3aB04e HAH & ONMTHOM KOHCTPyKTOpCKOM Gwopo.” mes 6 suay oco6y: caoxHocts noxoGuoro tpyaa, rte tecuo mepenaerawrca Bompocsi aspoaMHaMHKH, MPOHOCTH H KONCTPYKUNH, MB CTapaauch ate TOAKO Han Goaee xXapaktepnple NPAMepH WS NpakTHKH caMomeroctpoeHHs, OTBeNaIoMMMe coBpe- MeHHBIM MpHeMaM 3aB0AcKHX pacteTOB. C stoi ueabo & KHMre Hapsay c MPHMepaMH PacieTOB NO KYPCOBLIM H AHIIOMHBIM BaaHHaM BBeLeHL H sanoncKHe — mo MatepHanaM, Kak Hanpumep B ra. 10 pacier GunaanHoh Kopo6KH Ha cayyat A, npumep I-f u 2-—pacier KecconHoro Kpbina, B ra. 18— pacer MoTopHO ycTaHoBKH H WeRTpadbHOlt wactH GioseRRKa. Kpome toro, 8 paxe npasepos, Kak-To: B camoaere Y-2, P-5, Mrpano 3 B/M, mpea- 3GF rye st MOMCHHBIX AIG KNACCHAX YIPAkHeHHM, TAH BecOBMe NapakTepHCTHKH HW AMArpaMaDL Jlummenrana, 6e3 KOTOpHIX HeBOSMOxHO NPOHSBOANTE NOBepoUHLe pacuersi canoneta. Tipunste B KuMre nOpatOK maM0x%KeHHA Kypca coorBetctayer TOM nocaexoBa- ‘TeabHOCTH, KOTOpad YKasuBaetca B MeToanMeckHxInporpaMMHLxX yctaHosKax Hayyno- Meroamueckoro uentpa FYAII. Havazy xypca npeamectayet Buoxnas raaBa, TpaktyioMaa + © HOPMaxX MpouxocTH, O KosdHUHeHTaX Meperpy3KH H GesomacHocTH. Jlanee BuvManne way4aloulero yerpemaaetca Ha OOBeKTEY, pacHomOxeNHBIe HO yOu- BAIOILWM CremeHAM TPyAHOCTH HX yeBoenHa: 1) KpBUto, 2) woseamx, 3) mlaccu, 4) MoTO- yeraHosxa, 5) onepenue. Caeayer npusnatb, 470 9T0 pactlozoxKeNe HecKombKo oTcrynseT oT oOmenpunA- Toro B MpakTHKe KOHCTIPyKTOpCKHX 6i0po MOpanKa pacueta diosexqKa, KorMa pacuery conepenis m wlacc mpenutecrsyer pacuer droseasxKa. _B ycaosnax nporpamet cpeauero yueOuoro sanenenna yxasannat nocaexosatens- OCT OnpapaLBaeTcd M TeM. OcTOATeABCTBOM, WTO NporpaMMa PaccMaTpHBaeT TOABKO ‘onuaasi cratmecei neompereamaue citcrents, Mexxy Tem 8 pactere onepedtia 1 auaccH MOryT BCTpeTHTBCA cAyaM MHOrOKpaTHON craTHyecKofl HeonpeneaHMocTH. B atom xpaftuem cayyae pacuer nOAXonaUIMx ycuauh K yanaM io3eNNKa MOKET iT nafiwed B NepsoM NpHOAMKeHMH MYTeM YaaATeHHA AMUIHHX ONOP HAM crepKHEM Ha octonauin pacteruoro yen no Hopwax Npoxmocra, Bonpocst KONCTPYKUNM H MPOWHOCTH rHAPocaMoaeTOS H NoNAABKOB NpeaoOKeHO BEINCANTh B CaMOCTOATeABHBI TPya, Tak Kak MpakTHKa ToKasMBaeT, uTO cAHTHOE UaHoxeHe octioe cyXonyTHOrO H MopeKOrO caMoneTocrpoeutIN UpHBOAHT K cxeNa- TwaauHM Hw ympomewvectsy B wsa0%KeHHH, B KoMewHom urore ccuinKa Ha o6mHe MeTOAL B PacteTax *loseanka H AOAKH costaeT Hesepoe NpenctantenHe o MeTOANKe Ppacueta rMApocaMoaeta H AKTHIECKH JemaeT HEBOIMOAHWM BeLeHMe MpoeKTApoBanua ‘8 aBNaTeXHHKyMe, . Vabopsaunounoe onucanwe MOpCKHX caMoxeToOs 6e3 pacseTHOM YacTH He BXOAMT sagauil Kypca: ero MecTO B cileTeMe ,OcHoB abnaunn*, Tpakropka HOpM MpoyocTH pacummpena B cropony TeopeTHuecKOn Gast. Jano noustue 06 wupmoentHsx sHHMAX Harpy30K M MpusereMu NocKeaRHe ROpMEL 1934 r. m0 pa6oram mx. C. H. nmkuna. B MetoqHuecKoM H31OxeHMH pacueTHO-KOHCTpykTopcKoro MaTepHana MBI MpHep- kHRaenca eAHNOoSpastoro MopaaKa. Kpatkoe onucanve wanGoaee xapaxrepsuix KoAcTpyxuMi mpeguectayer pacemo- “TIPEHHIO TEXHAYECKUX HOPM NPOWOcTH, a saTeM WaeTCA Teopus pacueTa H KOMKpeTHEIt HpHMep c paOM 3ana4 MA CaMocToaTenbHLIX npopaoToK. B comepxaHun ocHOBABX TaaB no pacieTy Kpuiaes, diosexwKa, ulaccu, MOTOpHOM -YcTaHOBKH yKasbiBaeTcA me- PexeHb aHTepatypHUX HCTONMHKOS. Pasqeab ¢ OMMCAHHeM KoNCTpyKUNM MpeactasaeHH oxKaTO B BHAY HaaMuNa Goree nompoOuux pykosogcts, Kax B. T. Fopomenko ,Cospe- meHHbte camogerui*, B. JI, Aaekcaunpoga ,Asponaanu*, A. B, WInyKosa ,Ocnosn aBnaMn" Ap. OcoGennocrsi0 TeoperHyecKoM YacTH Kypca ABAReTCH BBeMeRHe HOBoro MeToga (RAM pacueta CHaTO-HSOTHYTHX AOHKepowos, H3BecTHOrO Nox HasBaHKeM Merona To- Fopxerbckoro-BeTu#HkHHa, Ha OcHOBaHHM elle HeONYO«MKOBaHABIX MaTepHaNoB, s10- GesHo npexoctaszennux pod, B. 1. Betunuxnuum, ‘Popmyaa Moropxeabckoro, HanucaHnan 8 BUze: M Pf | Pry Winn tw tr MpuMeHHMa Kak Jax MOBepoYHOrO pacueTa roTOB'X cOOpyKeHHH Ha HoBe YcnoBHA WX padotH, Tak H 4H MepSOHAYaAbHorO oNpegeteHHa pasMepos B HOBDIX KOHCTpYK- 10 <1,GH we tt umax (Gonee TOWHME GopMyabi NOsBOAAIOT RECTH AMM MOBepouestt pacer noHK.e- powa, KOFAa pasMepm ero Ye NavECTHM, MasHa¥aTs xe PASMEpM NpuxoRHTeR Ha-raas: no warH6y 6e3 yueTa KATH MNO cxaTINO Gea yuera HarHOa¥oMLNX cia). OGa pacseTa AaOT AOMKEPOHY MHHHMANBHBE PAIMEpH, KOTOPHLE Ha-raa3 YaemHUIBAWTCA; PacieT we nto dopayze Moropxemsckoro nosaoaser HaiiTH MaKCHMAAbHBIe PasMepst AOWKepOHA, a cnregopatenbHo, BepxHHil M HiDKHIM mpedeab, WTO DecbMa CyULeCTseHHO AYR coKpa- eH noBepourtsix pacteTOB No Goaee TOUHLIM GopMyzaM. Dror MeTox sdeMenTapeH MO CROMM BHIGOAAM M MOCTYMeH AAA TeXHNKa, Toraa KaK Goaee TOUHBIE MeTOAM CBASAHE Cc PellleHHEM ANepeHUMaTBHLX ypaBHeHNit HB TexX- HUKYMe MperlonaBaTbes He MoryT. K conkateniio, nponectH sTOT MeToR paceTa CKATO-HSOTHYTEIX cTepxHtett MO BceMt MpHMepaM KHHCH He YAatocb 3a OTCYTCTRHEM BpeMeHH; OAHAKO, HcvepnuBawuIe O6%- scHenus, Aavuue B TA. 8, Gea Tyla MosuoAAT MpUMeHUT ero BO BpeMa KAACCHAX H KYpCoBuIX ynpaxkHeHHM B TeXHHKyMe. B weaax Ocoppemenuth MaTepHan KHATH MBI BueAH B ee comepxanne meperonue Bompocti caMomeTocTpoeHHs, KaK-to: 1) paspesHuie Kpbiabs, yerpofictso ,uanoB‘, maa- BajomMe sxeponsl, YOHpalouwecn maccH M TopMosHue Koneca; 2) B BiATOMOTOpHOR rpynme za onvcauve Kanotos NACA, Yarrepa H mponeasepos c HSMeRSeMBM arom; 3) pacueT MacanHo-nHesMaTHYecKoro waccH ¢ pe3HHoBof aMopTusayuell; 4) noBbe MeTOAH Konnencanun, Baecté ¢ Tem, KOHMeHTpHPYA BOIMOKHO Goxbullee KOAHNECTAO MpHMepoB AA TIpO- ekTHHX pa6oT HM KAACCHLIX YNPAKHEHHM, MBI CTapaqHch NOAO6pate BOsMOxNO NomHeE ReOOXOAUMBIA MaTepHat H TeM H36aBHTh CTYREHTA OT HEOOXOAWMOCTH HcKaTh cBeTeHH Mo WeaoMy psy cTarelt H HaywHLIX pador, pas6pocaHHMIX B pasHbIX NoMepax xypHama »Texiuka posaymoro aorta", usganuax L[ATH aa 8 apxisax 3asoackux KoucrpyK- TopcKHx 6ippo. B KonNe KHTH cOCpenOTONeNM Te cReTeHHS, KOTOPHe HEOOXOAMME cTYaeHTY Up KYPCOBOM H AWTMTOMHOM npoeKTHpOBAHHH, Lpyryw xapaxtepHyto ocoGenwoct KHATM Mpenctasazer peatbHocts paso6pannux NpHMepos H BOIMOXHAA NOAHOTA OTPAKEHHA B NX BCeX pacteTHMX cayAeB NO HOP- Mam mpounoctn. Camsit TpyaMtit pasxex—raapa 0 pacyeTe Kpbiabes — paccmarpusaet cxemur: 1) Gunaana, 2) csoGoaHoHecymero AByx- H TpexXOMKepORHOTO MouONAaHa, 3) xpbita +Monocnap*, 4) Keccounoro Kpsina, 5) momxocuoro xpsiaa, Iaccw paccmorpeno B Tpex BapHantax: 1) nupamHaaasHoe; 2) KoxoMaTOrO THNA; 3) MacaaHo-nuesmaTaueckoe. Bo MHOrHx NpHMepax KAHTH MpHBereHH pacers onbTHOTO caMoxeTa AT-1 Moc- KOBCKOFO ABHANMOMHOTO TeXHHKYMa, NPHHSTOFO B HosGpe 1934 r. -« mocTpolike no pemennio ‘Kopi Koukypca ApHasnnto Ha Gesonacbift camoaer. Camoaer AT-1—Mononxan ¢ Motopom M-Il, tpexwectuuit, Gsm paspaoran na ABYX peatbHIx AWMAOMHBX npoektax MABMAT nox pyKoBoactaom aptopa H um. A. A. Kpsinosa 8 Tevenne 1934 r, B wine 1935 r. tpexaomKepowHoe Kpsiao AT-1 nonsepranoce cratHaeckum HousiTa- ums, Pesyasrara noKasaM, To AaHHMle pacueTa Ha MpowHocTS He upeysennuens 4M OTBeYaIOT BCeM TpeGoBaHHaM HOpM H Beca. 5 Tipa ¥TeRHM KHHTH caemyeT HMETH B BHAY, TO TlOpAAKOBEIM HOMep naparpagos, opmya H veprexeh HMeeT ABORKOe UMdpoBoe OGOSHAYEHHe, B KOTOPOM Nepean UMppa oGosHavaet HOMep naparpada, a Bropas — raapy. B sakmovenue npunomy ray6oxyi GaaroxapHocts npod. B. Il. Beruuaxnny, B3mpulemy Ha ceO2 peaKiMposanMe WacTOmmero yueOHHKa H cHaGaNBlleMy ero PANOM BeCKMa WeHUBX NaTepuason, Mux. E, B. JlaruuHny, oGserauawemy paGorySs (CKE "Bysxaw-AGua” 8 Bonpoce yayauenua yueOunKa H oprannsaunn TeXRMYeCKOH HOMOUIA Np MoDTopHEX Pexaxruposanuax, mmx. K. A, Buranay, C,H. Wnmkuny, nasa pa menmux yxa- 3anMA pH wayaHo-TexHuyeckoM peMakTHPOBAHHM KNUTH, a TaKKe cTyAeHTaM MABMAT tr. A.C. @oxnmy oT. H. Fapaony, ssinoannauiun seprexn ocHosHBIX raas. Cossasaa Hckmo¥nTexbHytO TPYAHOCTh B BONpOce yRoBAeTAOPeHMA BceM crporHs, tpeGosauuam KOMMAeKcHOrO yueSHHKa NO KONCTPYKUNM MH PacteTy caMozeToR, ME Gyaem BechMa Gaaromapnbt 3a Te NosesHMIe COBeTH H YKa3aHHA, KOTOPHe nocaeryIoT co CTopoHb! HAWHX UHTaTeNeM B UeAIX AaAbHEMuero yayumENNE yueOnHKA, Koppecnowaenumo Hanpanasts B aapec Mockosckoro asuaunontioro TexHMKyMa Ha HMs| aBTopa. - Houent H. H. Bunozpados. AJIV 1935 2.GH yet Abuar TUIABA I OCHOBbI PACYETHbIX HOPM CAMONETOCTPOEHHKA § 1,. BOMPOCbI MPOYHOCTH B CAMOJIETOCTPOEHHH [px npoextuposanun camonera Kak miDKeHepHorO coopyxKeHHA BAGO palHOHaMbHBIX PasMePOB AeTaseH ero KOHCTPYKUMH, COOTBETCTBYIOLINX MHHH- MaNbHOMy BeCy M YCHOBHAM MpOUHOCTH, saBHCUT OT pasHooGpasHKX paKropos, BaKHEMIMMH H3 KOTOPHX sBIAIOTCH: a) onpenerenue ycuawA B HawGonee HeGaaronpuaTHHX cay¥anX HarpysKn, 6) BuOop Matepianos M YcqOABSOBaHMe MX B YacTAx annapaTa, B) BHINBICHHe HaMBHromHefiMel asponHHaMHYecKOM opmbl C TONKH speHHA apHalHoHHOro Beca. Kaprawa cw0B0rO HarpyKeHus CaMomeTa B OTMeMbHBIX ero aneMeHTaXx TeCHO cpagata C aspomMHaMHKOM HM 3aBMCHT OT MaHeBpeHHBX KaYecT caNozeTa, Ero CKOpOCTH, yria aTaKH KPBUbeB C YYETOM BOSHKAIOUIHX, B YACTAX COOpyKeHHA WHepUMOHHX ycuTHH HM TlepeMeHHOM Harpysku. ro ycnopHe mpembABIaeT K aBHaLMOHHOR KOHCTpyKUMH cBoeobpasHHe TpeSoRaHHA, OTAMYHHE OT TPeGOBAHHM, NPeMBABAREMEX K APYTHM BHNAM KOH- erpykumi. Hanpumep, dbepma 2kenesHonopoxoro MocTa paccmarpHBaeTca npH neHcTBuu BeTpa H MOCTORHHOM BecoBOfl Harpy3Ke, T. €. B OOOHX cayyaax ‘MMeeTCH MpAMONHHefHaA HaNpaBAeHHOCTh YCHNHH, ABNeHHA KpyYeHHA 3fech DerKO NOMMAIOTCH yueTY,’ CHETOBATETHO, ONEHKOM NPOYHOCTH COOPYKeHUR Bech ABAGOTCA OOULeNPHHATHE KOIpUMeHTH GesonacHocTH. B orauyve or storo mpamepa asvanvonHaa epma nogzepxena selcTBHIO ‘cum Beca B KOMGHHAUMH C pasMH4HOH HHepUMONHOA H BOSRYWHOM HarpysKoA, BemuyHHa KOTOpOH, HanpasqeHMe H TOYKA MPHTOKeHA MOMBepKeHL pesKuM KoneOaHHaM TIPH Mepexone c onHOro pexuMa TlomeTa Ha Apyron. Orcioaa B caMOmeTOCTPOeHAM OnpeneneHHe pacueTHHX YCHAHM naeTCA B 3a- BHCHMOCTH OT YCHOBHOrO TepMuHa— KoabumMeHta cTaTH¥eCcKOH neperpy3KH, onpewensemoro Mp CTaTHYeCKHX MCMBITAHUAX MArpyKeHHeM arperata HAH LeTaAH Oo paspyuienus. * . Zina asMauMOHHBIX KOHCTpyKUMM TOTeTHaa Meperpy3Ka onpene- ATCA KAK OTHOWIeHHE HArpysKH B PaCCMaTPUBAeMOM ABMKeHMM, HaMpHMep, B oaHol u3 das durypHoro nosera, K Harpyske Mpa HOpManbHoM ropx30u- TambHOM monere. Benauuta noseTHon neperpy3ky, yuHOxeHHan Ha KospHuMeHT Gesonachocta, Gausku K 2, H naeT pacueTHLM KoabuNMeHT yuHOXeHHs. Beaeacraue Combwoh BennqHHH sToro KosuNeHTAa NpoYHWe ,pasmepHGH a 0 ABHANMOHHOTO COOpy:KeHHA OMpemeAMOTCA Ha OcHOBe pacueTa paspyulaioMHx HanpwxeHHi, Apuaunonnsii Bec. Bropoft Bonpoc # mpouecce KoHeTpynponania camo- aera COOMMTCA K OTKICKAHMIO KOHCTPYKUMH HaHMeHDIerO BeCa B UeMAX ypenH- Yeniia nlomesHO HarpyskH H JOCTHKEHHA HAHGoAbUe BKOMOMHYHOCTH NDA skcnimoaTalluH camomeTa. Tipencrasaaa co6oh oGreKaemyio BoamyuINNM MOTOKOM cucTeMy, camoneT Homuinen BceM TpeOovannaM coOsioneHAs aspomMHaMMYecKH MuTaBHWX (popM C MuHuMaqbHBIMH TOTepAMM Ha BOSIYUIHOe ConpoTHBAeHHE. Paunonansiofl KoHcrpykuneH camoneta 6ygeT Ta, KOTOpad OOsanaeT Han- MeHDINHM ,aBHaLMOHHbIM BecOM“, OMpemensembIM H3 paBeticTB: PTGS, a) TAC &, — KOHCTPYKTUBHBH Bec {teTaAH; (P—TonneMHas cuaa xeraaH; G—nonerasa sec caMonera; 7—a060B0e conpoTHaleHHe neTaaH; Q—tara punta, A= oo Isa Tot Ke neTanH aBMANHOHHUA Rec MOET ObITh BLIPAKEH B BHRE MOLL MocTH, lorpeOHOA Ha Bary moTopa: 2) Bansuue ,16a" # Beca getanH ckaswBaeTca Ha BLGOpe AMaMeTpa H WWHDHHBE cTOMKH, pasMaxa KPbiNa, MOMOKeHHA y3N0B B KOpO6Ke OuNaaHa, mo”Koca B MOHONAaHe mM mIp. CrpemaeHve nozy4HTh HaHBRIOMHeMWMA aBHalMOHHBIM Bec B COBpeMeHHBX KONCTPYKNUSX MpHaoMT K ycTpotcrBy yGupawweroca B noneTe maccH, Gea- iosersxubx caMoneTos Tura ,xeTaIoU\ee KPHAO". B cpasu c yxasannofl salaveh aBvanMoHHbe KOHCTpyKUMM AMeIOT XapaKTep TOHKOCTeEHHBIX CeYeHHA C TOALIMHOA MaTepHana oT 0,3 20 1 wm, BbITOMHeEMEX 3 0CO6O MPOYHBIX M TErKHX CIMIaBOB aMOMNHHA H CeuMaNbHMIX COpToB cTanH. Tloctwxenwe munumanbHoro Beca SaeMeHTOR KOHCTPYKUMM He MOxeT OWTE nonycrumo B yulep6 mpoaHocta Bcero, coopyxKeHHA. CaOxkHOCTh aBMaIMOHHEIX KOHCTPyKUH CO CTaTH4eCKOM HeOmpemenHMOCTEIO: WX, PAsHOPOAHOCT MPHMeHAEMBX MaTepHaNOB, BOMpocH ycTOMMMBOCTH HM ne~ opmannn TOHKHX CTeHOK He NalOT BOSMOXHOCTH BHOAKE RoBepATBCA pacueTam H 3acTaBAMOT MpKOeraTb K OMATHOR MpoBepKe NONyYEHHEX PesyAbTATOB BLYACAN— TenbHoh pa6oTH NyTeM MOCTAHOBKH CTATHYECKX HCHTAHAH BMAOTb LO paspy- mena wexbx arperatos. OAHaKO BHCOKAN CTOMMOCTS TaKHX HCTBITAHHI Meer ONpasnake AMM B TOM cay¥ae, ECAH OHM CAYKaT KOHTPOTeEM MpHMeHeHHBX MeTOMOB PacieTa, OCHOBAHHEX Ha TAYOOKOM SHAHKK CTPOMTeNbHOM MexXAHHKK, CONPOTHBACHHA MaTepHaNOB M TeXHOAOTHYeCKHX MPOUeccoB camMoneTocTpoeHHs, ‘0 Mpumep 1. Onpexerurs annausonnuh sec xpuasen M iosexnKa camonera Y-2 ¢ moropom 110 4. ¢, ecam o6mnft nec G=920 xz, Bec Kpuabes g,= 190 xz, nec wsernxa c MOTOPOM, XBOCTOBIM OMepeHHeM HM Harpy3KoH gy = 730 xe, Cua Tar pH ropusowtaneHom nomere Q=172 xz, Mycte Ha mpeogosenwe conpoterenns Kpbiaben mpuxogurca 7, = 109 x2, a diosermKa ¢ OcTaMbHUMH YactaMH 74 = 63 K2~ Tlontemuan cuaa pasta secy. “4@S CKB "Bysxan-A6ua" Pewenue. Avnaunounufi vec xpoiaves HaxoauM no dopmyze (1,): 109 Aggy = 190 — 920 + 920- Fay = — 148 way aan quoseanKa 130 + 920 75 = 1068 xc. KoutpoabHoe pasenctso naeT: G = Aggy + Agg = —148 + 1068 = 920 xz, Mpumep 2, Onpexeaits notepio ckopocTH caMoaeta np MoutocrH BHHTOMOTOp- Hof rpynmst c apuratenew 400 2. ¢. mpx nece 1800 x2 H tare 420 x2 or ycranonKw cra6uausatopa Nox OTpHUaTeABHBIM YTAOM, ECTH MPH STOM OH HeMBTHBaeT AanAeHHe: cnepxy punts P= —0 xe x06os0e conpotusaenie sospactaer Ha r= 2 Ke. CaMo- eT pasBHBaeT MpH HefTpabHOM CTaOuAnsaTope CKopocT 60 .«/cex. Pewenue. CraOnausatop yseauunt asnauMonHufi Bec caMozeta Ha BeaH4HRY: G,=—p+ G4 = —(—2) + 180 =. a = +2048,6 = 286 xz. Pacxoa AonoaHHTeABHOM MouIHOCTH MoTOpa No ypaBHeHuWo (23) coctaHT: 20, 2 , anean(—2-+-G) = 400 (Tog t agp) 58 # & Ckopocts V camoaera ynazer 20 nemuunubi: 4 W Y= =v) oar WEN = V aggae = 594 Hee, 1. €, caMoseT notepser B ckopoctH oKoa0 2,16 Kx/4ac. Mpumep 3. Iaa storo %e caMoneta BHIOpath wanBsiromHefmy! H3 ABYX CTOeK, xapakTepHCTHKa KOTOPHX Aawa B Ta6a. 1). V, roy TABAHIA 1; = opma w pasmep g Marepuaa 3 ? ° ra El 5 g cevenus % el. y S a]? Crane. . . ./2.2+10%Kpyraaa tpy6a 45/42 wx) 4,85] 1067-105 | 16 | 06 Cocua 5 110000] O6rexaemas crofika | 95,8 | 1054-108 | 3,32 | 0,042 ¢ yaamuennem 1 : 4; A=188 um, B=47 ux Yeasanue, HaxoanM aspoaunamnveckoe conpoturenHe 1 noz, ctoeK m0 hop- wayne: P=pFVC,. Asnauwonusm Bec 1 oz, a CrofkH onpenersetcy no ypasHeHHNO: Ayah tGG- 15;Se (CKE "By sxaw-AGua’ § 2,. CXEMA CHI, MEACTBYIOWMX HA CAMOJIET B pexume ycranosuaueroca ropusoHTansHoro nozera, T. e. Korda camoneT HeTT C MOCTOAHHOM CKOPOCTHIO, MeMCTBYIOWIMMH Ha CaMOMeT CHAM ABAAIOTCR wec G, Tara punta 7, moabeMHas cua P ero KDHMbeB HM mOAHOe TOCOBDe conporusnenue Q; Mexkxy HANH OMKHO CyulecTBoBaTh paweHncTao G==P Hu “T= Q (hur. 1,) (us ycnonua ctatH4eckoro pasHosecta), ech mpeieSped, Hecopnagenuen ToweK Mpuoxenin cus Pw G, a takKe Q a T. Grn albus i lu Oawako scnencrene OOsYHO HMeiOUIerO MecTO HeKOTOpOrO HecosnaeHUs Hx TOUeK MpHNOKeHHA Ha caMONeT JelicTByIOT Ave Nap cua: oT TAT BKNTa T © MoMeHToM Ta H OT MlOBeMHOM cum Cc MoMeHTOM Pc. Thieto ¢ saBncHT oT monoket WeH- Tpa naBnenwa HW HeHTpa TaxecTH. Tom0- skeHMe eHTpa aBieHHA 3aBHCHT OT aapOLMHaMMYeCKOH XapakTepucTHKK KPH Ja, umenHo — or Koaduuuéwta C,,, @ 10- TOKeHKe weHTpa THXeCTH ONpeneAAeTCA BeMHYAHOM UeHTPOBKM B MpemenaX oT 0,25 no 0,32 cpeanef xopaw Kpuwna (pur. 2,). ur. %. O6a MoMeHTa nOMKHM Gute ypaBHo- BeWWEHM BOCCTAHABMHBZIOWWM MOMEHTOM xpocrosoro onepenua Q,,- 4, me Q,,—nomsemtiaa cama cta6uansaropa, {—paccrosnue ot ueHTpa TwKECTH nO OcH mapHUpoB pyaa BACOTH. Hanpa- ‘anenHe ero metctaut OGparuo MomeuTy Pc, B cuay Yero craSuausatop moxKeT MMCTb WIM MOMOKHTeAbHuf WAH OTpKUaTeMbHMM Yron aTaKM B 3aBMCHMOCTH OF NonOKeHHA WeHTpa THKECTH camoueTa. ; Tia caysan mo cxeme car. 1, caMonet HMeeT cTpemmenHe K MHKHpOBAHHIO {uanenwe Wa Hoc), H cra6HausaTop nOMKeH OuITs ycraoBeH mom OTpHiLa- TenbubM YIMOM aTaKK K AHN TlOMeTa, Ecam %ke MeHTp TwKeCTH pacnonOKeH .caamH UeHtpa nannenua (Cir. 3,), To camonet GyseT ONPOKMASEATECH Ha XBOCT; B STOM cay¥ae HeoOxoAHMO CosMaTe MOABEMHYIO MONOKMTeAHyIO CHAY CTaGHAH3aTOpa ycTaHORKOM ero NOX TomowMTeNHAM yraom ataKH (pur. 3,). Ta wan niaa peryaHpoRka craSmmuzaTopa uMeeT cBoel teMbIo pasrpy3HTs PYib BHCOTH H TeM YCTPAaHHT saBAeHHe wiTypBana AeTYMKA Mp ropHsOH- 16 te g ‘our. 1.GH na 0 r wena ar we aRECTHD = \ Lowa di 70 2 A 8 é hodbunnod bee an A, aT “rf \ uA. jenmp Gob) HI rare wenn dobneng denmp E F MARECMT D Oca Z y 1 af Snepono cosdaom ‘momenmoy bpawa- 5 vouue nino oono Pyno Soicomu acu 4. co3doem Momenm ‘orano ocu Our. 5,. 2 Bax. 877. — Koncrp. u pacser cawozera,eS (CKB "Bysxaw-Aua” Tambuom nonere. B KOHCTPYKTHBHOM OTHOUIeHMH STO ROCTHTaeTcA ycrpohtcTBOM TOKbeMHuka B cTa6HAHsaTOpe. Tpamep 4. Manomouuh camoret uneet vec 689 xe, Onperemtt» norpe6uoe dasxenne Ha cTaGuaNsaTop, ecaH YeHTPoDKa caMomeTa coctananer 32% oT cpeanelt Xopasi, paonoft 1,23 44, UeNTp Aavrenns HaxoguTcA Ha paccTomumH 4/5 oT Hoca HepBIopH- Yeazanne. Hovas Kooprnnata uenspa THKECTH ONpeneaMTcA TaK: 0,32- 1,23 = 0,395 «. Paccrosnue uewtpa TmxkecTH oT ueHTpa AaonenuA Gyzer 1,23 — 0,305 = 0,885. § 3,. PABHOBECHE CAMOJIETA B MPOCTPAHCTBE Bee ckasawoe maeT NOMHOe OCHOBaHHe CpaBHHBATS NeTAUIHA caMoneT © cHcTeMof, HMeIoMIe{cBONM UeHTpoM TwKECTH OCTPHE HTAM (pur. 44,). Ecau Mu Mpenctasim ceGe Bec MOTOPHOM YcTaHOBKH H MpoTHBOReACTBYIO- weft CHa cTaGuAW3aTOpa B BHAe Tpy30B Ha KOHUaX HeKOTOPOK MaTepHamb~ KOM AHHH, TO PACCMOTPeHHNe TloAOXKeHHA B HOPMambHOM NioneTe CyayT wAMO~ crpuponama no cxene dur. 4,. Bnech MoxOKeHHe OMOPH COOTBETCTBYeT NOMOXKEHHAM MeHTpa naRTeHHA BOSMYWHHX cH. EcaH MpencTaBnTh ocH Koopannat A, Y, Z npoxonsuumn wepes UeHTp THKECTH caMoneTa (ur. 5,), TO MocTynaTenHWe H BpaulaTenb- wble JBWKEHHA eTO B NPOCTPaHcTse MOXHO PaccMaTpHRaTS B OTReEMbHOCTH OKONO KaKOM Hs Ocef. - Och X uuet B Hanpasnenum ocu MOTOpa, OHa HasbIBaeTCA MPOLOAb- HOM OCbW CaMONeTa, K NOBOPOTH OKONO Hee BUNONHAIOTCA snepoHaMH. Och Y waxoautca B MAOCKOCTH KpsMIbeB, OHA HaBNBIeTCA NOMEPe HH Of OCbIO WIH OCbIO TABFAXKa, NOBOPOTH OKONO Hee ROCTHTaoTCA TOpNsOHTAMDHNM XBOCTOBLIM OnepeHiHem — cTaGHAHSATOPOM H PyseM BYCOTH. Oct Z mposenena neprenauxyaapHo naockocta X—Y u B ropusonranb~ HOM flonere oHa TlOwTH BepTHKanbHa. Ee HasuiBaiot ochio pucKaHEa. ToBo- POTH OKONO Hee AOCTHTaIOTCA BEPTHKANDHLIM OMepeHHeM, KHeM H pyaeM MO- Bopota. Ynpapasemas H aBToMaTHeckas ycTofiumBocts. B skcnepHMeHtanbHOn a9PORHHaMHKe PaCCMATPHBAIOTCA METONH ONPEMETeHHA WaPHUPHHX MOMEHTOB Koo Tpex ocef camonera. Ilo nenuyHHe Xx MOTyT OtITb ONpeneneH ycumHA, ‘SATPAYHBAeMBLe METYHKOM JAA ynpapnenun caMoaeTOM. Tax, BenuyHHa MoMeHTa, COamaBaeMaa TOPH3OHTAMbHLIM OnepeHHem, ONeHH- Baetca opmyaon: Myy= Coz? Seq VE, (3a,) MoMeHT KE OT RepTNKanbHOrO 1 = Cg PSpy V2 (3b,y HM Moment OT anepoHOR Mzx=Cnyp 5, VL, (Bc,} me C,,—Kospuuventa MoMentos otHocuTemsuo ocet X, Y, Z. Thromans pyzett S.., Sy S, nonGupaerca taxum o6pasoM, wToGw penuaHHa BOCCTAHaRAMBaIOMerO MOMEHTA BO BCEX CAyYaNX Gina Come oTKIONMOMerO, Gnaronaps sTOMy NeTUHK MOET MO CBOCMY XeNaHHIO BeCTH caMOMeT Ha M1060M. - pexume.ww KB "Byaran-Abua" Yupapaveman yctotunwocty AOCTHraeTCH OTKAOHEHHEN pynen. B npotusonoaoxuocrs eft ecrecracnuan ycroivasocts cosaaetca Heno- ASWKBMMH OPravaH OnepenA MocpesCTBON KHAN H CTaOHAHSaTOpa, a TaKKe BIHOCOM BEPXHHX KPHIBER y Ounzana, OcymecTBAeHHeN HonepewHoro V xpuza, CTPeAOBAANBIM OYEPTAHHEN KpBUIa B MaKe, AsromaruYeckast YCTOMyBOCTs NOCTHYAeTCA 34 MOCAERHHe ORL noCTaHOR: kof Ha CaMOseTE MexAHHYeCKOrO NuzOTA, OCHOBANHOTO Ha NAHUUTE rHpOCKONa. Tipunepom nozoGHoro npnGopa asaserca aerouar Cneppu (dur. 6,). § 4, PABHOBECHE MPM HEYCTAHOBUBLIEMCA ABAKEHKM Vis Mexauinen wanectuo, ¥ro ecau cum, nepnenaNxyaspHWe ABMKEHUIO, He HaXOMATCH B PaBHOBeCHH, TO MpoucxOANT HcKpuBReRHE AnH RaWKeHHA, TIpH vo, oneTe 70 xpuBoh Posmczer meurpoSexuoe yeKopesMe —— ¥ ‘nponopuno- ‘Haqbuan eMy CHa KMepuHH ‘mv? GG =a 7 9arr? GD npnnoxesinas K MeHTpy tmkecTH caMonera, rae V—ckopocts 8 ulcex 4 r—panuyc Kpuerdum tpaekTopHH Bx. Uenspo6exupe Hau unepuMoHHe cur Pacnipenenawica mexXRY YacTaMH cawonera Tak 2Ke, Kak M Bec (ur. 7,). TIpunoxus ux x mentpy taxectH, Hoayaum Kak 631 ycnopHoe ysenueune Beca (Ha pur. 8, pasnoneficrsyoman K> 6). Stor yneauvenuwi vec ypasnosewwsaercn nombeMHoR cHnof, B cBaaH C Hem HOMBAMOTEA YcHAHH BO BCeK YaCTAX caMONeTa, BO CTONKO pas Goavune, 4M B TOpHOHTANbHOM tModeTe, BO CKOMBKO pas HombeMHan cHaa Gonbie peca, wm, KpaTKO, YcnmA BOSpacTyT B OTHOUIEHHU neperpysKn 7 Tak: P=nG. (5,) iB obmem cayuae weycranosupmeroca nomen 8 nsocKocrH cHMMerpun Camoeta, Kak HANPHMep, NPM BUXORe W3 NMKHPORAHMA, Ha MepTROH mleTne w a 13GH 8 cette M OApyrax caywasx, BeTHYHHa M Wa KaxkMOH yacTH }camoneTa MoxeT 6uITb HalqeHa Ha PACCMOTpeHHA YPaBHEHHA ABHKEHHA CcaMOMeTA OKONO TPeX ocen. Tipuaarag pce wHepuHOoHHNe CHAM K WeHTpy TwKeCTH camoneTa H MpHHAB Bo BHHMAaHHe CHM Beca, TATH BHHTa H aspOMHHAMHYECKHe CHAM, Ha OCHOBAHHH Teopems n‘AaamOepa! B 060A MoMeHT Mu Mony4HM PaBHosecHe catozera. Ey —_—— “id bur. 7). SS ; aS e it ar. 8. Tipu stom Hanpasnenve KoOpaMHaTHbx oceA “Gepetca mo Hanpapnennio FaanHux oceft MMepusH caMoneTa, TAK KaK MO OTHOWeHMIO K STAM OCAM OT- cyTerayiot ueHTpoGexHMe MOMeHT HHepuHA (pur. 9,). T Cw. apo>. Huxoaan, Dudannua, 1933. # Tlonepexmtan oce uiepunm cosnanaet ¢ omepewtoll ocoi cawonera YY, a np0- AOABHAR M REPTHKANBHAK OCH CaMONeTA MMeIOT HEKOTOPHIA yron c raaaHuiMit octee tepuin cavoreta, Hanpapaenwe raanaux oceR Hiepuan aSORNTCe Wonton _ I tga Mae haha (cu. Korte, 1. 1, wax, 1930 r, erp. 242), 20GH ow rye ste Tpwxenue mo6oh TouKH camoaeTa MOxeT 6pITb pazi0xeHo Ha: 1) ABWKEHHE puecte C UeHTpoM TaKecTH M2) ABIDKeHHe BOKPYT ueHTpa THKECTH. PaccMOTPHM JBDKEHHE YACTHU BMECTe C WeHTPOM THKECTH. Moctynatembuoe mewxenue. Hasopem vepes X, Y¥, Z mpoexuuw pasuo- MeHCTRYIOWWMX CH, REACTBYIOWKX Ha CaMOseT, KPoMe Beca; m— Maccy caMo- neta; ja jy 4 j,——Caaraiomue noctynareneHbe YeKopenua weHTpa TmKeCTH; a, 8, 7—Yrmsl ocefl c BePTHKAAKIO B PaccMaTpHBAeMOM KPHBOAHHEMHOM NBH- 2KeHHH, dur, 9. Torna ypasenna xpinkema uerpa TmKectH 6yayr: X—mj,—mgcose=0 Y— mj, —mg cosh =0 6) Z—mj,—mgcosy=0 nan x tg cosa mg g YL itecost B mg & . Z _itgcost me C takuMu xe H yckopeHHaMH GyaeT ABHraTSCA KHAO UAH KaKaR mAGO Apyraa Nacts camoneTa ¢ “Maccoft m, a1 KOTOpOHt feltcTByIOMHe cHab GyayT: X= m, Gi, £608 2) Y, = m,(, + g cos 8) (8) 2,= mV, +8608 1) 2GH ee tte Pasgenup o6e wacrn ua mg H conoctasus ¢ opmynamu (7,), noayyun: x, : @D Hafixenuste cootuomenun supaxaiot Benynny meperpysku maa mo6om wacTH caMoaeTa, mBHWxyulettca moctynatembHo. Ho HaBecTHO, 4TO caMo- wet, BLIBeqeHHEI 43 paBHoRecun nefcTsMem pyseft BAICOTH «HAH BOCKOAALIMM NOTOKOM Bosay- xa, oOnanaet TakxKe 4 epa- WaTeAbHLM ABHKEHHEM, Bpauiatembnoe ABuKe- nue. Ha ocHosaHuu napect- HOM TeOpeMt MexaHHKH YCKO- Pele Kakoft-nH460 Matepuans- HOM TOUKH, Haxonaulefica BHE ueHTpa TaKeCTH, caaraeTca 3 YCKOPeHHA UL. T. H H3 YCKO- peHwA TaHreHuManbHoro Hn WeHTPOCTpemHTeAbHOTO B BH 2KCHHM OTHOCHTENBHO UL. T. £9 re, (10) ur, 10; a Tae r—paccroaHHe YaCTHUL U. T, H @ —yrnoBaa cKOpocTD. B nanGonee wurepecyiouem Hac cay4ae mp KoneGauHAX OKONO OCH TaH: raxa (Y-¥) ¢ yraosol ckopoctsio @,, KOIa KDHMbA HAMeHSIOT yroa aTaKH, MoaHoe yckopeie umeeT BUR: , at) Tae yrnosule YcKOpeHua MOryT OtiTh onpeneneHsl Tak: do, dw, M, &. 5 ee aba a2,) a M,, My M,— moments spamenua oxox coorsercrayioux ocef, npouc- XORAUMe OT XeltCTBHA BOSTYINBX CHI Ha KPHUbA, OpraH ynpasnedua H yeronuunoctu; /,, J, /,—moments wnepusn Bcero camozera, Cupaseanusocts pasencrsa (11,) suitekaer m3 paccmorpenHa apinKeuun HeKoTOpo TowxH A cHcTeMbL ¢ KOOpmHHaTaMH x, J, Z OTHOCHTeNbHO Tpex ocett (fur. 10,). Tipoexuus ycxopeuni a ocb Y caoautca K omsomy aMUS moctynarens-wwan-ABua" Qo nowy jy, TAK Kak wWeuTpoctpemuTerbitoe ycKopeHHe, MPoxoAMUee Hepes Ob ppauleHWs, MPOeKUHH He ACT, a MpOeKMMA TAHTeHUHaMbHOTO ycKOpeHHA papHa ny2l0 BBHAY TOTO, YTO ero MAOCKOCTS MepneHAHKyASpHa OCH BpauteHnHs. OTpHilatenbHUt sHaK Tperbero weHa OOBACHAeETCH TEM, YTO NpOeKLHA weHTpoctpemHterbHOrO YCKOpeHHA Hanpasnena B cTOpoHy OTpHuaTemuux -0B HM Z-OB. Cust, necopmupyioume Kpsiaes. OnHHM H3 npaktHyeckHx ‘MpHAOKeHHM PACCMOTPCHHBIX HaMH YpaBHeHHA ABMKeHAA CaMONeTa ABAAeTCH BOMpOC OMpe- TeneHHA YCHTMA B WACTAX ero MOK AeMCTBHEM MepeMeHHOA soanyultoh Ha- rpysku, HanGonee uitepecutitt puivox momyuaetca B OTHOMeHNH CHa, Aepop- aimpyfoureft KpHEs. Coctasaaa ypantenua panHonecna 10 TpeM OCAM KOOpmHHaT: EX=0, $¥=0, 1Z=0 our. Ny. JUIA CMNOBOA CXeMBL, MpencrasseHHOm Ha cur. 11, u yuuTiBaa coOcTBeHHER eC KOHCTPYKUMM KPsIMbER, Ha OCHOBAHHH ypasHeHUA (6,) u (9,) OyneM uMerB: 2p =2Z,— My G8 0081) =Z,—m, g=n, (C—8,), — (13,) tne Z, = 1,G 0 my j++ gcost) = mony, Asanornuto Moryt 6utb cocrasments: Veg =¥y— Myth = 1, (Yo—Byy)s X yy =X Mg gy B= My Xp — Be) » te Xp Veg Zyp—Youans aehopmupyiomme xpuno; X,, ¥,, Z,—cuawe ma @xeHH Bosmyxa Ha KPLIN0; Bap — BEC KpUINAS Xo, Yy u G (nec camonera)—cums conpotupaenua sosnyxa mpx ycraxo- ‘BuBUIEMCA PaBHOMePHOM TlozeTe. Cusicn ypasnetita (13,) sakmoyaeTca B TOM, 4TO pacueTHoe ycumue, neft- cTaylouyee Ha KPbAO, PAaBHO MpOHsBeLeHHIO KOSHUNeHTA MeperpysKH Ha pas- HOCTs MEKLY TOTHNM BECOM CaMONeTa HM BCCOM KOHCTPYKuHH KDHTa. Cuass, nelicrsyiomue Ha rpysbt B caMomere. B cospementux Gonbutux €aMoneTax Harpy3ka W SKHMaK PaSHOCATCA Ha SHAYMTeEMbUBLe PaCCTOAHMA OT neHTpa TmKECTH caMoera. Ha rpysu, KoHctpykuiio, motopsl, 6aku ¢ ropiownm qeltcrayor: 1) nec, 2) cua uuepunu ot moctynateabHoro ABwxKeHHA, 3) CHa HHEpuAH OT YrnOBNX ckopocrett #4) chau oT yraoaux ycKopenunGG meet Tipu nogcuete unepunowmux cha B pasmMuNx cayyanx HcxouAT HB TO- AOKEHHA, YTO PaBHOelcTByIOMAaN MACCOBNX CH pavHa MH MpOTHBOTOMOKHD PasHoneAcTByWouleh BHEMHAX CHI. Ecam pabvozeltctayioulan pxeunux cua R cocranaser yroa a ¢ naocKocTbie xpbimses, P—yron mexkay npoekunelt Ha xopay Kpbiaa (pur. 12,) 4 maoc- KOCTHIO CHNMeTPHH caMosera, TO pasnoxNB cHmy R MO OCAM KOOpAHHaT, T10- ayunn: . . X,=Reosacosf; Y, = Reosasin B; Z,=Rsina; (14) yron a wa GombwX yraax aTaxn joxoaHT 20 90° H mpH nocamKe — no 75— 77°. Tas waxoxnenns wnepunowunix cua oT Yrs0BHX cKopocTel oGosHauHM Mpoekuwn yraoolk cKOpocTH @ Ha OCH caMONeTa Yepes w,, w, Ho, MCT X—xoopaunata rpysa, pacro- TOxeHHOTO B KITE; m— wacca rpysa. Chas iepunn ot yraopsx ckopocrel, 7. e. ueHTpodexnue, Gynyt Xy, Yq u Zp. Thi mace m, nexkauel wa ocn’ X: X, = mx(o?— 0) Yp, = mxo,0, . (15a) Zoe = mX0,0, Jaa maces: wa ocn Y: Xyy = myw,o, I Voy = my (a? — a,?) f (15b,) Loy myoyo, Pur. 12). me x 4 y—TekyulMe KOOpm—H- nate Ec wa cawonete ecte wactu, wpauaomnect ¢ yrioBof cKopoctsio Q, + HanpHMep MOTOp C BHRTOM, TO MOAYYHM THPOCKOMMUECKHE MOMeHTBI: M = 2Qo sin 9 sin? Qt, (16) me @—yron mexay ocaun Bpamenus. a) maa PoratuBHoro MoTopa M TpeX- WAH YeTMpex sOMacTHOrO BHHTA C Gum MomeRTOM HATepuMH Jy. M, =/,Q0sing, (16a,) rne ©—yron mexay ocaMH BpameHns, 6) naa mpyxnonacTHOro BHHTa c MOMeHTOM HHTepHHK [y OTHOCHTeRBHO OCHS, < Bpauenua: " My = Uy Qo sin g sin? Qt. (16b,) Tlepsuf moment coxpanser noctosHHoe suaveHue, BTOpo usmeHaeTca NpH- MepHoO OT HYMA JO MaKcuManbHOrO HaNeHNA, pasHOrO 2I,Qwsing u nocty- aoslero Ha BUpaxKe B FOPHSOHTaNbHO NAOCKOCTH MPH REPTHKANLHOM NOMOKEHKKE aonacte#, a Mp Merne B BepTHKaNbHOA NAOCKOCTA—npH TOpHsOHTANHOM. msSe ‘CKB "Byanan-A6ua" Ilan HaxOxNeHHA HHEPUNOHHOA HarpysKH HeOGXomHMO ONpemeaHTE yraoBEe yckopeHua 1 ypapHenmo (12,), o6osHayas: do, _ M, M, dw BG TE) TS Ova = le A y Toraa nony4uM CHM HHepuNH ANA MaccHH Mm, nexamett Ha ocn X: Y,=m-x-@,; Z,=m-x-0,; (1743 gaia accel, Aexauret Ha ocH Y: X,=m-y-O,; Z,=m-y-O,. Yraope yckopeHHa MOXKHO HaHTH, Rapad Harpy3KH Ha pyaH, a TaKWKe B caywae ylapa B 064 Koneca MAM B ORHO. B sapucuMocra’ OT paccmatpHBaeMoro cay4as HarpyskH MpHxoaWTcs anre- OpanueckH cKnamnwaTh. Oco6oe BHUMaHHe HYKHO yAeAHTH aHanusy Harpy3oK: B MECTAX PaCMOTOXKeHHA SKHTIAXA, HaNpHUMep B KPBIJe, B eHTONAaHe, B xBocTe. Beaw4nwa yraosyx cKopoctel B pasHbIx CAyYanX MOneTa AMA pasaH4HEX, caMoneToR mpnBexena 8 Tar. 2, TABIHILL 2, Tum cawonera Mexpeourean Paaneaunx Bow6on03 ' \ Cayyan noaera vw, | oy 7 2 | ee | Kpen. 2... | 5s] — og | = Bupox 22322) 2 | o7 = | 05 025 | 012 Nema 222221] — | 08 — | 06 Mepenopor 1122) 3. | — 2, | = be] a Uronop 2.22) 28 | 1 15 | 05 i Mpumep 5. Onpexeauts xonoaunteawuyio 1 warpyaky wa Bropoe mMaotcKoe cupense camoaeta Y-2 or neca aeTunKa 75 x2, pacnomoxeHHOrO B paccrosHuH 1,1 4 oT wenrpa TaKecTH, CaM yraosoe ycKOpeHHe Ha MeTHe oTHOCHTeIDRO monepernot ocn panna 0,6. Yeasanue. Y, = m-x+ 0,5 anech m— acca nuaoTa — papuaerca: 15. gar 285 x= Ll ms 8 rae M, = 1,1+75 «2m 7 J,—womeur unepunn canozera, papmuttt 230 Kgat-cen?, Mpumep 6. Tlonsemmut Mexanuam cra6uausatopa camozeta P-3 secu 6,4 x2, Saxpenaen B pacctosHHH 4,56 4 OT ueHTpa TaKecTH, OmpeneaHTs HHepuHORKYIO Ha- TPYSKY B YanaX ero KpeMMeHHs B CAYYAe MIHOBEHHOTO OTKAOHENNA PYAA BUCOTH Ha. 20° mpu ckopoctu 55,5 .x/cex. Taewo cra6uausatopa ot wentpa taxectH 5,6 x, Bec camonera — 2109 Kz, MomeHT: wmepunn camonera J, = 621 Kea cex?, 1 Ocuosnaa neperpyska Gepetca no Hopman. 25GH we tt Ywasanue. Bonpoc paspeuaerca popuyzof: P = G+8-x). Yeuane Ha pyab Gynet: Q = CypSV? = 1020 xe. Mo anarpaumam mpoaysox tpyaa co cra6uansatopa cpeanna pemnuia Cy 0,18, S—naowmaae scero ropusoutassnoro onepenns, pasuaa 5,53 4, Moctynarersioe YcKOpeHHe, Bcero caModeTa BugBAHHOe YnapoM Bosayxa B xBOcT: Te m — acca caMozeta. Torna 4,15 [cox ; 2109 Yrnoaoe yexopenne: * 9 = GE _ 1020-56 os oye, T 621 Hcxomoe ycnane: 64 “OBi Mpumep 7, Onpeaeauts rupocxonuyeckui Moment siuta, nsrHGaiouut pay Motopa camozeta P-3, cca yucxo OGopotos aBMrateaa n= 1700, nec BHHTA c BTyAKOR ‘panew 31,7 Kz. Yuasanue. Cpeanee suavenue rupockomuvecxoro Momenta onpeseauu: (4,75 + 9,1 - 4,56) as 34 xe. M= lo, ae wowenr wep swute | 317 og? = 00K; 1 gay 08 = 2,08 xem - cen’; PAMHYC HHEPUMK BHETA MPHAST pasHEM 0,8; yrnosan cKopocTs +1700 _ gg 1 cex.? “y Maflgetca 3 Toro cooGpaxeHia, TO caMoseT uctoaNaeT Meprayio neTA B I4-15 cek, 7. €. _2:3,14 ~ 1S M = 2,08 - 178,3 -0,5 = 186 Kea, = 0419205, : we Hckomsitt pesyasrar: § 5,. CHJIbI, HEACTBYIOWIME HA KPbIIO Hesapicumo ot KOHCTpyKUMH KpBINa, BOSRyLINAR Marpyska BocnpHHH- MACTCH OOUINBKOA H NepemaeTca AOMKEPOHAM YACTBIO HeMocpenCTBEHHO, ¥aCTsO— sepe3 HepsiopEl. 0 Za pacuera Kpuina pasvonelicrayomyio R wosaymuoro conporapnenua Upunaraot B uentpe nasnenns'. Ha GonbuINX yraax aTaKH WeHTp nasnenua Pacrlonaraetca npuMepHo Ha pacctosHun omHOh zpeTa xopau KpEina (far. 13,) ‘OT peOpa aTakH; MPH MANHX yraax UeHTP RaBsneHHA Mepememaetca Haga 10 MONOBMHM XOPAE.Kpsina (uM RaKe namie). SS 1 Daa pacueta Heppiop HeoGxoaHMo yuHTHBaTs AefcrBNTerHoe pacnpegerenne Yeuau# Baoas XOPAN KpUAA Mp pasaHHX yraax aTaKH. 26