Leadership in Project Management

Project Management
Define Project Management
Project management is the process of leading the work of a team to achieve goals and
meet success criteria at a specified time. The primary challenge of project management
is to achieve all of the project goals within the given constraints.
 Abstract - Leadership is Vital for Project
Managers to Achieve Project Efficacy
The function of project managers is rapidly evolving from managing or
directing to leading the projects who must possess essential knowledge,
skills, and new emerging concept of leadership. The utility of project
management will be more exciting, challenging and critical in coming years,
while the position of project manager will also be much more diverse.
Future research has been suggested in similar field.

Keywords: Leadership, project management, project manager,

management, project.
 INTRODUCTION
• A project in any business organization is a vital and critical undertaking that require concentration and
full dedication from all participants because the success or failure of any business project determines
the direction that the particular firm takes in the current and future business environments.
• Project management is a crucial task that any individual can be tasked with especially in the
contemporary technological business environment where changes are inevitable.
• The overall success of any project is attributed mainly to the leaders in charge of the project as they
have all the authority to control and monitor every process of the project alongside making critical
project decisions. Similarly, when a project fails to accomplish its key objectives and goals, the leaders
or managers in charge are to blame.
• The blame is usually attributed to their failure or incapacity of using the powers bestowed to them in
making the project a success.
• It is important to note that any project that a business undertakes aims at achieving specific objectives
that will enhance particular business process for increased profitability, performance, high
productivity, and overall success of the particular business in its endeavours. Therefore, project
management is a crucial role that leaders or any individuals tasked with the role of leadership in any
project should take seriously and apply all effective leadership skills to ensure that the project is a
success.
THE KEY ROLES OF A
LEADER IN A PROJECT
In any project, there should be an individual who is tasked with the role of leading the
selected team to achieve the objectives of the particular project. Such individuals are
referred to as project leaders or managers.
 THE KEY ROLES OF A LEADER IN A
PROJECT
Their key roles or duties include;
• Decision Making: A project leader is tasked with making critical decisions regarding
the project. Any process that has to be conducted or an action that has to be taken in
any particular angle of the project has to have the approval of the project leader as
the decision maker of the project.
• Planning: Project leader is accountable for the entire project plan. The costs,
schedules, and process plans are their responsibilities.
• Management: Management of the entire project is the duty of the project leaders,
they are responsible for selecting teams, allocating duties, authorizing payments,
among other managerial responsibilities.

The three key roles of project leaders give leadership a critical role in project
management Therefore, there are traits or styles that leaders should employ in their
leadership capacities that determine the success or failure of the particular project.
THE ROLE OF
LEADERSHIP IN PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
Project management is a duty that require the individuals tasked with it to employ effective
leadership skills and traits to ensure overall success of the project in benefitting both the
project teams and the particular business organizations. The following are essential traits and
leadership styles that ensure effective, successful, and reliable project management.
 TEAM PLAYER, TRANSFORMATIONAL
AND TEAM BUILDING TRAITS
• A project is an undertaking that cannot be accomplished by an individual. Therefore,
there has to be a project team that consist of individuals drawn from different
departments who differ in characteristic, behaviour, and ideological perspectives.
• Regardless of the project team’s composition, the key objective of the project has to
be achieved. Therefore, as a project leader team player skills and traits are mandatory
and necessary. Being a team player means that the leader should not apply
authoritative approach but a team building and transformational leadership style.
• The style ensures that the leader acts as a project team member and participates in all
processes regarding the tea while motivating each individual to play their specific role
to ensure the overall success of the project. The traits from leaders guarantee
effective project management that result to the success of the project alongside
benefitting both the project team and the particular organization.
 TEAM PLAYER, TRANSFORMATIONAL
AND TEAM BUILDING TRAITS
However, below are some qualities the project leader should possess:
• Flexibility: Changes during project progression are inevitable an attribute related to rapid changes in
market requirements, technological developments, cost variations, and target population preference
alteration. Therefore, for successful project management, project leaders should be flexible in nature.
To ensure flexibility, leaders should ensure during planning phase they leave a room for effective
adoption of any necessary and beneficial changes that would guarantee project success.

• Effective Communication Skills: Communication is a vital process in any project. Therefore,

effective leaders should ensure they apply effective communication skills and strategies that will ensure
effective flow of information within the project team.
Reliable communication channels should be developed by project leaders to ensure understanding and
accountability of each project team member in their specific roles or duties. Effective communication
ensures success of the project in achieving the main goals and objectives.
 LEADERSHIP ARROW
The following diagram illustrates a summary of traits, styles, and overall desires that a
leader should have in ensuring effective project management.
 CONCLUSION
Project management is a demanding task that requires effective
leadership styles and traits for overall success of the particular
project. Team building, flexibility, communication, and effective
strategizing abilities are mandatory for effective project leadership.
Therefore, it is clear that leaders play a primary and key role in project
management because their approach determines the overall success or
failure of any particular project.
 Task Description:
Part 1
Identify any 5 successfully executed projects in your city/state and tabulate the data
with the objective of the project.
 Navi Mumbai International Airport
• Navi Mumbai International Airport (NMIA) is an under construction greenfield international airport being built at Ulwe Kopar-
Panvel in Maharashtra, India. It will be the second international airport for the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, functioning
alongside Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (CSIA) as India's first urban multi-airport system.

• The first phase of the airport will be able to handle 20 million passengers per annum. It will be expanded to its final capacity to handle
more than 90 million passengers per annum. Texas-based Jacobs Engineering Group will chart the final masterplan for the airport, while
the airport passenger terminal and air traffic control (ATC) tower will be designed by London-based Zaha Hadid Architects.

• The airport covers an area of 1,160 hectares

• The Navi Mumbai International Airport is expected to be fully operational in 2023 at the latest.

• The airport was expected to open in 2019. The deadline was extended by Devendra Fadnavis the Chief Minister of Maharashtra, due to
multiple delays in obtaining clearances for the commencement of the construction work. Civil Aviation Secretary R.N. Choubey stated in
September 2018 that the first flight from Navi Mumbai International Airport was expected to begin operating by September 2021.
 Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International
Airport
• Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport, Mumbai (IATA: BOM, ICAO: VABB), formerly known
as Sahar International Airport, is the primary international airport serving the Mumbai Metropolitan Area,
India. It is the second busiest airport in the country in terms of total and international passenger traffic
after Delhi, and was the 14th busiest airport in Asia and 28th busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in
calendar year 2017. Its passenger traffic was about 49.8 million in year 2018. It is also the second busiest airport in
terms of cargo traffic. In March 2017, the airport surpassed London's Gatwick Airport as the world's busiest to
operate a single runway at a time. This was later surpassed again by Gatwick Airport at the end of 2019 due to
passenger numbers falling at Mumbai.[5] The airport's IATA code BOM is associated with "Bombay," the city's
former legal name.
• The airport has two terminals for scheduled commercial passenger services: Terminal 1 at Santacruz for domestic
flights and Terminal 2 at Sahar for both international and domestic flights. While both terminals use the
same airside facilities, they are physically separated on the cityside, requiring a 15–20-minute (landside) drive
between them. A dedicated General Aviation Terminal caters to passengers using private and non-scheduled flight
operations.
• The airport is named after the 17th-century Maratha king Chhatrapati Shivaji, having been renamed in 1999 from
the previous "Sahar Airport" to "Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport" (the title "Maharaj" was inserted on 30
August 2018). It is situated across the suburbs of Santacruz and Sahar village in Vile Parle East. The airport is
awarded as the best airport in Asia-Pacific in 2020 (over 40 million passengers per annum) by Airports Council
International.
 Bandra–Worli Sea Link
• The Bandra–Worli Sea Link (officially known as Rajiv Gandhi Sea Link) is a
bridge that links Bandra in the Western
Suburbs of Mumbai with Worli in South Mumbai. It is a cable-stayed
bridge with pre-stressed concrete-steel viaducts on either side. It is a part of
the proposed Western Freeway that will link the Western Suburbs to Nariman
Point in Mumbai's main business district.
• The 1M bridge was commissioned by the Maharashtra State Road
Development Corporation (MSRDC), and built by the Hindustan
Construction Company. The first four of the eight lanes of the bridge were
opened to the public on 30 June 2009. All eight lanes were opened on 24
March 2010.
• The sea-link reduces travel time between Bandra and Worli during peak hours
from 20–30 minutes to 10 minutes. As of October 2009, BWSL had an
average daily traffic of around 37,500 vehicles.
 Jawaharlal Nehru Port
• Jawaharlal Nehru Port [JNPT], also known as Nhava Sheva Port, is the largest container port in
India. Located east of Mumbai in Navi Mumbai's Raigad district, this port on the Arabian Sea is accessed
via Thane Creek. It's a nodal city of Navi Mumbai. Its common name derives from the names of Nhava and
Sheva villages that were situated here. This port is also the terminal of Western Dedicated Freight
Corridor (under construction).
• The port was established on 26 May 1989.
• In 2006 the port implemented the logistics data tagging of containers. JNPT houses India’s best logistics
connectivity with facilitation from Container Freight Stations and Logistics parks owned by government as well as
private players namely Maharashtra State Warehousing Corporation, DRT, Gateway District Park, Allcargo,
Avashya, Continental Warehousing, Ameya Logistics, TransIndia and Contegrate Entrepot. JNPT authorities have
been trying to implement direct port delivery model of the containers, a first of its kind model promoted under
the ease of doing business in India.
• JNP accounts for more than half of total container volumes handled at India's 12 public ports and around 40
percent of the nation's overall containerized ocean trade. Major exports from Jawaharlal Nehru Port are textiles,
sporting goods, carpets, textile machinery, boneless meat, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The main imports are
chemicals, machinery, plastics, electrical machinery, vegetable oils and aluminium and other non-ferrous metals.
The port handles cargo traffic mostly originating from or destined for Maharashtra, Madhya
Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, as well as most of North India.
 Mumbai Trans Harbour Link
• The Mumbai Trans Harbour Link also known as the Sewri Nhava Sheva Trans Harbour Link, is an under-
construction 21.8 kilometres (13.5 mi), freeway grade road bridge connecting the Indian city
of Mumbai with Navi Mumbai, its satellite city. When completed, it would be the longest sea bridge in India. The
bridge will begin in Sewri, South Mumbai and cross Thane Creek north of Elephanta Island and will terminate at
Chirle village, near Nhava Sheva. The road will be linked to the Mumbai Pune Expressway in the east and to the
proposed Western Freeway in the west. The sea link will contain a 6 lane highway,[4][5][6] which will be 27 meters in
width, in addition to two emergency exit lanes, edge strip and crash barrier.
• The project is estimated to cost ₹14,262 crore (US$2.0 billion). The MMRDA awarded contracts for the project in
November 2017; construction began in April 2018, and is scheduled to complete within four-and-a-half years.
The MMRDA estimates that 70,000 vehicles will use the bridge daily after it opens.
• The MMRDA will construct a 1.5 km long cloverleaf interchange connecting the Eastern Freeway, R.A. Kidwai
Marg, Acharya Donde Marg, and the proposed elevated Sewri-Worli road, with the MTHL. The loop will be built
on a 27-acre plot located east of the Sewri railway station. The plot was leased for a period of 30 years from the
Mumbai Port Trust. The loop consists of two lanes branching out from the MTHL and linking with the Eastern
Freeway, the proposed elevated Sewri-Worli road, and the existing at-grade Messant Road. The Coastal Road
intersects the proposed 4.25 km Sewri-Worli road on Worli Seaface providing additional connectivity.
Task Description:
Part 1
Analyse the style of leadership followed by project manager in each of the above
identified projects and comment.
Leadership and Team Building
Leadership plays a significant role of influencing and leading people in an entity towards
desired organizational goals (Schmid & Adams, 2008). Likewise, leadership is very instrumental
in ensuring success at different stages of project implementation. Using appropriate
management styles plays a very important role in attaining the objectives of a project and this is
easily achieved through the establishment as well as maintaining motivated teams
 Styles Of Leadership
Navi Mumbai International Airport
Authority
Few people are motivate through
getting power and have an authority
in their work, those people are
perform better when they assigned
to manage tasks or manage other;
those who might be consider the
future leaders.
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
International Airport
Affiliation
The leadership will keep the unity
and collaborating work
environments as a priority for the
individuals whom motivate by
affiliation more than recognitions.
 Styles Of Leadership

Bandra–Worli Sea Link Jawaharlal Nehru Port

Achievements
When there is a team members are
liked to work in a challenged
conditions to make an
achievements, the leader shall
provide them with a tasks that really
motivate them towered this goals
and leaders should a recognitions as
an important elements with those
type of people.
Affiliation
The leadership will keep the unity
and collaborating work
environments as a priority for the
individuals whom motivate by
affiliation more than recognitions.
 Styles Of Leadership

Mumbai Trans Harbour Link

Achievements
When there is a team members are
liked to work in a challenged
conditions to make an
achievements, the leader shall
provide them with a tasks that really
motivate them towered this goals
and leaders should a recognitions as
an important elements with those
type of people.
Task Description:
Part 2
Write a note on changing trends in project management and how leadership
should evolve accordingly.
Project Management Trends (2021): What
does the Future Look Like
As the old adage goes, “Change is the only constant.” It seems so true for the project
management industry. The project management landscape is changing rapidly with evolving
technologies, tools, and the latest trends. And, the change doesn’t seem to slow down.
Let’s cut the chase and take a look at the emerging trends in project management happening all around
the world.
1. The expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) & Automation
There is a lot of buzz around artificial intelligence and its implications. Just like software development,
aerospace, healthcare, and finance, the impact of artificial intelligence and automation can also be seen
and felt in the project management sector.

2. Inclusion of hybrid project management approaches

It’s true that not all projects are made equal and not all teams can stick to one specific methodology.
Maybe that’s why the concept of hybrid project management has been gaining a lot of attention and the
number of project managers and Scrum masters combining more than one methodologies is increasing
day by day.
 Project Management Trends (2021):
What does the Future Look Like
3. The impact of emotional intelligence (EQ)
You might be wondering how the ability to understand and recognize emotions has something to do with project
success? Well, it does play a vital role. When Tele Smart took a survey, it was found that 58% of respondents believe
that emotional intelligence is one of the strongest predictors of performance irrespective of the nature of your job.

4. Advanced project management tools and solutions

In today’s digital era, project management tools have become an indispensable part of project management. The
numbers tell the same story. According to a research, 77 percent of high-performing projects use project
management software to plan, execute, and control all aspects of the project management.

5. More focus on data analytics and numbers

Project management involves a lot of data. Project managers are increasingly leveraging data insights to make
informed decisions to handle projects in a better way and increase business growth.
 How leadership should evolve accordingly
• Leadership is undoubtedly the most important element in effective project management.
• A number of theories been postulated to explain the concept of leadership. The theories include situational leadership theory, trait-based
theory of leadership and behavioural theory of leadership. Leadership styles also been established to have significant impact on project
success.
• However, there is no specific theory or style can fit for all the time and all the projects, the leaders shall have the abilities to adopt
themselves to motivate project team as well as to inspire them to achieve project goals leading to project success through all project
phases. In order to ensure project success, project leadership should enhance effective communication and team building.
• The needs of project team may not be the same. Thus, it is imperative that the project leaders determine the needs of the project
personnel and meet their respective needs and expectation. Recognizing the contribution of project personnel encourages them to
enhance their performance, which is important in achieving project goals. However, some of the greatest de-motivators in project
management, which should be avoided as much as possible is inequality in reward system, time overruns, lack of top management
support, personal conflict and schedule conflict.
• Leaders have a role and responsibilities in each phase of the project life cycle, at the start of the project they had to involve to study and
adjust the project goals and context. In addition, in planning phase their role in making sure project has objectivity & realistic plan, where
the plan dimensions shall be in propriety with the team ability. In execution, they have a key role to create a spirit of harmony and
uniformity in the teamwork. Conflicts can happen at any phase; therefore, leadership in project management should focus in eliminating
such root cause of conflicts that may cause project failure at different stages of the project.
 End of the Mini Project
Presentation for - Leadership in
Project Management