COAL MINING

1. Strata means:
A. bed or layes C. coal seams
B. beams or bars D. surrounding rocks

2. Goaf means:
A. in-situ rock C. coal refuse
B. caved roof materials D. powdered coal

3. Technique to reduce concentration at the longwall face.

A. making the face slightly concave
B. making the face slightly convex
C. making the face jagged
D. making the face straight

4. Where the microenvironment is located in a longwall mining operation.

A. at the face C. at the floor
B. at the roof D. in the entire panel

5. It is one of the high extraction method of mining coal underground.

A. longwall mining C. auger mining
B. hydraulic mining D. square set

6. It is the most important geographical factor influencing coal formation, which affects the
rate of floral growth and the degree of preservation of accumulated plant materials in a
peat swamp.
A. topography C. climate
B. depositional factor D. biochemical process

7. It is a liquid, very viscous hydrocarbon not extractable from oil wells.

A. tar C. kerosene
B. crude oil D. petroleum

8. A solid petroleum that occurs as a component of shale.

A. kerogene C. coke
B. coal D. bitumen

9. The two predominant methods in underground coal mining.

A. pillar extraction and longwall mining
B. shortwall mining and pitch mining
C. room-and-pillar and breast stoping
D. hydraulic mining and stope-and-pillar mining
10. In room-and-pillar mining, this method is more preferred than the conventional mining
method because separate unit operations are eliminated or performed by a single high-
performance mining machine. It is also more efficient than the latter, lends more easily to,
and benefits from simulation analyses for improving its performance.
A. continuous mining C. pitch mining
B. hydraulic coal mining D. multiple seam mining

11. This method is a variation of room-and-pillar mining and is used when the deposit dip
exceeds 15 degrees. The necessary modification is to mine-cross-pitch to reduce the effective
haulage grades.
A. breast stoping C. pillar stoping
B. pitch mining

12. A sudden spalling or collapse of the coal face caused by stress concentration at the face
resulting from goaf hang-ups and presence of joints near and parallel to the face. This
happens under strong roof and floor conditions.
A. cave-in C. coal bump
B. face break D. face collapse

13. A large-scale instability involving the failure of a great number of pillars in a partial high
extraction system. This massive failure is caused by tremendous overbyrden pressure
transmitted to the pillars by a strong roof.
A. pillar spalling C. pillar sealing
B. pillar run D. progressive failurt

24. The production cycle of operations in the room-and-pillar mining of coal with
conventional equipment is modified from the basic cycle by the insertion of cutting to
improve breakage.
A. cut + drill + blast + load + haul
B. drill + blast + load + haul + cut
C. blast + load + haul + cut + drill
D. load + haul + cut + drill + blast

25. A systematic means of evaluating performance and operational factors for optimizing
cycle of operations in conventional mining. This is done usually with the aid of computers.
A. net working C. simulation
B. software developing D. databasing

26. An inevitable outcome from the high extraction method of mining coal.
A. subsidence C. water ingress
B. pillar run D. coal bump

27. A coal mine support.

A. post C. peg
B. bolt D. stake
28. Effect of high stress on the face.
A. coal handling difficulty C. coal cutting harder
B. coal conveying easy D. coal cutting easier

29. Effect of competent roofs.

A. high load transfer C. subsidence
B. low load transfer D. stability

30. Dangerous joints.

A. joints striking perpendicular to the face
B. joints striking oblique to the face
C. joints striking parallel to the face
D. joints striking in any direction

31. If the coal is easy to cut:

A. there is a high stress concentration at the face
B. there is a low stress concentration at the face
C. no stress concentration exists
D. no hang-ups will occur

32. Floor heave is a result of:

A. low stress conecntration and weak rook
B. high stress concentration and strong roof
C. low stress concentration and weak floor
D. high stress concentration and weak floor

33. The advantage of a strong roof in longwalling is:

A. easier coal cutting
B. high stress concentration at the face
C. goaf hang-up
D. more load transferred to the abutment

34. Disadvantage of a strong roof in longwalling is:

A. low stress concentration at the face
B. harder coal to cut
C. roof failure
D. high stress concentration at the face

35. When the goaf has fully developed, the extraction panel
A. is finally stable
B. undergoes the transition phase
C. stress build-up begins
D. begins to destabilize
36. As the face advances, stress acting on it:
A. decreases C. flunctuates
B. increases D. will not change

37. When the roof caves (in longwalling):

A. the abutments are completely relieved of their loads
B. the stresses are redistributed
C. the loads disappears
D. the load is doubled

38. Violent caving of the roof happens when the:

A. roof is weak C. roof is strong
B. floor is strong D. floor is weak

39. Floor heave happens when the:

A. floor is weak and roof is strong
B. floor is strong and roof is strong
C. roof is weak and floor is weak
D. roof is strong

40. The strength of a coal pillar is dependent upon the strength of the coal material and:
A. height of pillar
B. width of pillar
C. structures present in the pillar
D. load imposed in the pillar

41. Large pillars in coal mine to protect smaller ones.

A. yield pillars C. ribside pillars
B. barrier pillars D. entry pillars

42. Failure of a coal pillar by overstress

A. bump C. shock
B. crush D. squeeze

43. The theory which implies that upon excavation of an opening in a coal seam, the
redistributed stress forms an elliptical arch.
A. Dome Theory
B. Pressure Arch Theory
C. Voissoir Arch Theory
D. Tributary Theory

44. The coal mining method that best control coal bumps.
A. room-and-pillar C. longwall mining
B. strip mining D. pitch mining

**Open EXCEL file with the same filename for answers.**