ACTIVITY NO.

3
EM-SOC 1- PHILIPPINE HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
JULY 15,2021
A. QUESTIONS TO ANSWER:

1. CHAPTER 6-THE REFORM MOVEMENT AND THE KATIPUNAN

1. What were the aims of the Reform Movement?
- Their aim is to expose the evils of Spanish colonialism, particularly the
abuses of the friars and the guardia civil, in Madrid, Spain.
- Making the Philippines a province of Spain
- Represented in the Spanish law making body
- Filipinos would become Spanish citizen.
2. Who were the Filipino intellectuals that composed the Reform Movement?
- Graciano Lopez-Jaena – the great orator
- Jose Rizal - great thinker and writer
- Marcelo H. del Pilar – political analyst and editor
3. What were the objectives of the La Solidaridad?
- To establish reform for our country
- To show the unfortunate conditions in the Philippines committed by the
Spaniards
- To promote free and progressive ideas
- To implement the patriotic vision of the Filipinos
4. What were the contributions of the Masonry in the Reform Movement?
- Lopez being active in Masonry founded the lodge of Revolution in
Barcelona in 1899.
- Filipino propagandists in Spain were affiliated with Masonic lodges in Spain
- Masonic movement were anti-friar
- They were responsible for founding the Masonic lodges in the Philippines
and, in turn, helped to recruit members and to fund propaganda work in
Spain
5. What was the La Liga Filipina? What were its objectives?
 - To unite the whole archipelago into one compact and homogenous
- Mutual protection in every want and necessity
- Defense against all violence and injustice
- Encouragement of education, agriculture, and commerce
- Study and application of reforms
CHAPTER 7- THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION
1. Identify the causes of the Philippine revolution.
- The abuses of Spanish officials and priests
- Persecution of Filipino Leaders who defended the rights of their fellow
countrymen.
- Filipinos’ desire to regain their independence.
- Discovery of the Katipunan and Bonifacio’s call for revolution
2. What was the effect of the discovery of the Katipunan?
- Many filipinos were arrested but many Katipuneros also escaped including
Bonifacio.
3. Why did Teodoro Plata object to the immediate plan of Andres Bonifacio to
fight the oppressive Spanish government by way of revolution?
- The meeting on August 23 was attended by about 1,000 Katipuneros and
there ensued a debate on whether they should commit themselves to an
uprising. Plata opposed the declaration of hostilities because they had few
arms and ammunition. 
4. Why did Bonifacio and his followers tear their cedulas?
- Bonifacio's tearing  of the cedula, which set off the fires of the Revolution,
was dictated by circumstances prevailing during his time. He and his
handful of gallant men had to do it, for the  cedula  symbolized the social
and economic enslavement of our people at the time.
5. Give the names of the 1st eight provinces to rise in arms against Spain in August
1896.
- The first 8  provinces that rose up in revolt against Spain: Manila, Bulacan,
Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Laguna, Batangas, & Cavite. 
CHAPTER 8- THE REVOLUTION CONTINUED WITH THE COMING OF THE
AMERICANS
1. Why was Governor-General Primo de Rivera relieved as the as the Philippine-
Spanish governor-general?
- Governor-General Primo de Rivera’s success in stopping the bloodshed was
highly praised in Spain. The queen of Spain, who was reigning for her son,
rewarded him with the Grand Cross of San Fernando and a pension of about
P10,000. General Basilio Agustin send as governor-general to succeed
Primo de Rivera.
2. What do you think was the immediate and primary cause of the Spanish-
American War?
- Cubans rebel against Spanish, winning U.S. sympathy.
- Yellow press inflames opinion against Spain
- Maine explodes
3. Why did Aguinaldo return to the Philippines?
- Aguinaldo returned to the Philippines to fight with the Americans and he
gave P117,000 to Wildman for purchase of arms
- Aguinaldo invited all the Filipinos to side with the americans
4. What were the primary causes of the Filipino-American Rift?
- The Treaty of Paris in which the Spain sells Philippines to US for S20 Million
- Aguinaldo declared Filipino Independence
- President William Mckinley ignored Aguinaldo’s government
5. What is the significance of the Treaty of Paris? Identify the tangible results.
- The  Treaty of Paris, signed on December 10, 1898, was a peace agreement
between Spain and the United States that ended the Spanish-American
War. Under the treaty, Cuba gained independence from Spain, and the
United States gained possession of the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam.