Technical Specifications for the Charging

Systems for an Electrical Bus

Volta-Tech Company
Technical Report for “MJJ210 - Professional and Technical Communication”

© https://unsplash.com/s/photos/electric-car
Different types of Charging systems

Uses a simple household Level one

01 outlet. Supplied with a charging (120V)
power cord for charging.

Uses special electrical vehicle Level two

02 equipment (EVSE). Most commonly
used. Different sub-levels.
charging (240V)

Rapid pace charging, supplying the

DC fast
03 batteries directly with power. Top
charging (480V)
tier charging.
 Slow and fast charging for alternating current (AC)

Type 1 connector
This offers lower power
ratings and approx.
range per hour of
charge. Has no locking
mechanism

Type 2 connector
High power ratings for
an AC connector,
offereing maximum
potential range per hour
of charge.

© https://www.zapmap.com/charge-points/connectorsspeeds/#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20main%20types,available%20to%20charg e%20an%20EV.
 Rapid Charging Direct current (DC)
CHAdeMO
Average power rating
for a DC power
connector. Maximum
range potential per
hour of charge.

CCS
Offers similar
capabilities to the
Type 2 CHAdeMO connector.
The most efficient Offers a more
connector for DC universal output, used
charging. Top tier as standard on
output. Only available vehicles.
for Tesla models

© https://pod-point.com/guides/driver/ev-connector-types-speed.
External factors

Power supply
Still pulling power from a grid
network of some kind.

No pollution
The most effective way is to pull
power from a renewable energy
source, for e.g. Solar farm, Wind
farm etc.

Using the local grid

The local grid is more wasteful on
the environment and costs more.

Vehicle vs Gasoline engine

Production of electrical vehicles
produce 60% more emissions.
 Cost Comparison
01
3% Single wall mounted
unit. Average
14% electricity of R7.4/hour-
R14/hour.

02
Wall mounts and
pedestal variants
83% offered. Average
electricity of R7.4/hour-
R44/hour.

03
High power capabilities
and fast charge. Average
electricity of R100/hour-
R300/hour.
Level 1 Level2 DC fast charging
Conclusion

Level 2 charging systems

Charging
are the most adaptive to
system commercial usage

Level 2 provides the

Cost most value for money

Type 2 AC connector
offers effective power
Connector and approx. distance per
charge

A renewable source is
External
expensive, but offers
Factors future value for money
 Thank you for attending. Have a lovely day.

References:
Drive Electric Vermont, 2021, “Charging Stations”, Drive Electric Vermont, viewed 2 May 2021,
https://www.driveelectricvt.com/charging-stations/types-
ofcharging#:~:text=For%20DC%20fast%20charging%20there,manufacturers%20have% 20SAE%20CCS%20ports.
Göhlich, Dietmar & Fay, Tu-Anh & Jefferies, Dominic & Lauth, Enrico & Kunith, Alexander & Zhang, Xudong, 2018. Design of
urban electric bus systems. Design Science. 4. 10.1017/dsj.2018.10.
Gold, Kuronen, Wang, 2021. “Are electric cars really better for the environment?”. The Wall Street Journal, viewed June 2 2021,
https://www.wsj.com/graphics/are-electriccars-really-better-for-the-environment/.
Lilly, C 2020, “EV connector types”, ZapMap, viewed 2 May 2021, https://www.zapmap.com/charge-
points/connectorsspeeds/#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20main%20types,available%20to%20charg e%20an%20EV.
Pod-Point, 2021, “EV Charging connector types and speeds”, Pod-Point, viewed 2 May 2021, https://pod-
point.com/guides/driver/ev-connector-types-speed.
Smith, Castellano, 2015. “Costs associated with non-residential electric vehicle supply equipment”.US Department of Energy,
viewed 2 June 2021, https://afdc.energy.gov/files/u/publication/evse_cost_report_2015.pdf.
Wallbox, 2021, “EV Charging Connector Types: What You Need to Know”, Wallbox, viewed 29 April 2021,
https://wallbox.com/en_catalog/faqs-plug-types.

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