Filters

Filters
Filters in electronics are circuits capable of
letting certain frequencies to pass while
blocking or attenuating other frequencies.
Filters can be Passive or Active.

Types of Filters
 Low Pass Filter
 High Pass Filter
 Band Pass Filter
 Notch Filter
 Low Pass Filter
 Low Pass Filters are electronic filters that
passes frequencies that are lower than its
cutoff frequency.

Ideal Filter Response Actual Filter Response

 High Pass Filter
 High Pass Filters are electronic filters that
passes frequencies that are higher than its
cutoff frequency.

Ideal Filter Response Actual Filter Response

 Band Pass Filter
 Band Pass Filters are electronic filters that
passes frequencies that are within its low
frequency cut off and high frequency
cutoff.

Ideal Filter Response Actual Filter Response

 Notch Filter
 Notch Filters or Band Stop Filters are
electronic filters that blocks frequencies
that are within its low frequency cut off
and high frequency cutoff.

Ideal Filter Response Actual Filter Response

Summary
Passive Filters
 Passive Low Pass Filter
Passive Filters
 Passive High Pass Filter
Passive Filters
 Passive Band Pass Filter

1
𝑓𝐻 = 𝐵𝑊 = 𝑓𝐻 − 𝑓𝐿
2𝜋𝑅1 𝐶1
1
𝑓𝐿 = 𝑓𝐶 = 𝑓𝐻 𝑥 𝑓𝐿
2𝜋𝑅2 𝐶2
Passive Filters
 Passive Notch Filter

1
𝑓𝑂𝐿 =
2𝜋2𝑅2𝐶
1
𝑓𝑂𝐻 =
2𝜋𝑅𝐶
Active Filters
 Active Low Pass Filter
Active Filters
 Active High Pass Filter
Active Filters
 Active Band Pass Filter

1
𝑓𝑂𝐿 = 𝐵𝑊 = 𝑓𝑂𝐻 − 𝑓𝑂𝐿
2𝜋𝑅1 𝐶1
1
𝑓𝑂𝐻 = 𝑓𝐶 = 𝑓𝑂𝐻 𝑥 𝑓𝑂𝐿
2𝜋𝑅2 𝐶2
Active Filters
 Active Notch Filter

1
𝑓𝑂𝐿 = 𝑓𝑁 = 𝑓𝑂𝐻 − 𝑓𝑂𝐿
2𝜋𝑅1 𝐶1
1
𝑓𝑂𝐻 =
2𝜋𝑅2 𝐶2