The Hahn- Banach Theorem (Notes 1) Welcome do the 2ncl hotly of the Fenctional Analy sis course. After A een the require Kmowledge from the Ist half. wk are Mew. tmo position to stert our discs Word BO Luther 3S fund amentoA Theorems eee Principles of functional anady sis - G) The Hahn— Bamach Theerem Gi) The Unviferm Boundedness Principle Gil) Te Open Mappirg. Theorem The fast two HheoremS ave dependent on | he completeness 4 the normed Jimeor Spores imyalyeat.» On the other harol tHe. Hahn- Banach Theorem does not rep urye ahs. lek us stort or discussions om the. Hebm- Bonael. Theorem mow: Remember thas is a fundamental theorem tm functional amadysis whch has cmon. apple cations im funchiorel @nalysis ancl other areag outside Sunchonal amada Sis such. 2h im 0 ptt Miz ation Theo ay tol A} ferim tial Cfprahons oe aNotatvon :— Lek X be a mormed- Linea, space ovew a fielh IF LT shall use the notaton Ke for the Collection of. a\l bounded Linear fumctionals on X ie xX" 5 BC, F): You already Krices thek we call X* te be the dual Lee Csometimes Called the topological duct) xX: Historical Bae Krom - Fer veal vector Spee the Helm Banach Theowe™ wos first proved H. Hahn im 192% onl then weds coyeved im the present aaers form wy S. Bamach tm 1929+ The gemeralite tons thet imclude Com plex vector spaces were obtained H-F. Bohnenblast- one A Sobezy Ko om 1938 - Why the neeal of the Hohn Banach Thay :— Reg owding the richness of the quot Spree Me LekoexX Be ae mormed Linear 5 pre.Question| :— How do we Know that the NALS X is Yichly suppdced with bounded Limear functionals? Ce Hew doo wie de Ko © Lia ibe: ie dick. speed Ke has adequate, NUM hey of elements so trot =i becomes an cones object te ene The prevcougs question is im mature. anadyh cok, Quester 2 — Given two disjamb convex Sets im @ Yechr cs Can we Seporate the Cenvex sets uscog. hyper plonts? The. aheve gueshion is geometne in matere + While answer quesron| we ger a YHahn- Bon Theorem which is SometintS called The Hatn- Banach Extension Thesyem: flo while amswenng Reese get Be eee Bomach, Theoremtiwok ) 1h widatled ec Rete Bare,” Separation Theorem Halm- Banach Theovems iS both these forms ave eq ucvalent Different text- beoks use cloffevent appro acheg +40 pwve the Hala Ronee Treorem. T shall fo ||ow Approach 4 to prove the Habmy - Qanach Theovt™: Queshon 4 eae a The H-B. Sie Thm Thm Lek us Steort the discussion om the H.B- Exfension Theorem nou. Exjensiong Theorems ples. a ver4g Comb oy tow ale tn Mathemahas and You mush Rese 2 Seer | era OE SRS e SPO “gldt Sivas ie Bere tie Sees a a pen corneaExtension Theorems till now tm» Ala etyve., Analysis , Te pe hogs Curses: fox example om Tope Log you has Sten The Tietze Extension Theorem :- Let (%,0) be a Normal to pole at CoA Spoee ae A CX be & closed sub set. Lek $i, Aa Ro be ow Comtinusus Function- Them theyre Exists © Gntmuols Sunchion ae X VIR St. j|,>5 te Fe) -4@) Yue A: Nowvemally im am extension theorem One amsiders a mathematical obyech (24. @ gemetion } defined oma subseb A Aw any en set X- Then one wents fo extend the objeck from the subset A : es set X se thy Ane basic erties fi et Comimue to P wan Ee ee a object) Like tm the Trelze Ext Thay Ahe propery of Corbimuthy has ono} Changed for the extended fumchon.Asjer Few classes we will be able te prove the following. Theorem : Thome (The Heln- Banach Thon dev normeat Asm@ ar 5 petes) eb Xe be Ba Vnarmed Line sy: epee over IF CIR ow a) ond M be a Sebspece % X + Then for every bounded Acnem functional For M Ja bounded Limesr functional 4 on X such tat aoe and NGI = If] RemerK:- (i) Note Like the Tietze Exd. Thon hore tee ove preserves, the. tvend, of the Lineor functional and algo the. qorm df the extended functional has mot cham geal: (i) UOnlkKe the Tietze Ext. Tm heve we cadot meed be closedness + the Swespece M- As a bdd- Linear fuenchonal Com alu be extended Cmts ‘Proiea” de RT SAI en lena cent difference whether Mts closed or mot. Note the above 15 mot enerbly frue for x Comtimuong Soe