NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, SURAT

Department of Electronics Engineering

EC-204: Principal of Communication (IInd Semester 2020-21)
End Semester Practical Exam A5 Batch
Max. Marks : 15 Date: 30/04/2021 Duration: 90 minutes

Instructions :

• There is one question in this paper.

• Please Read the question carefully before answering.

• You have 90 minutes to complete, so allocate time accordingly.

• Submit your MATLAB program, results and explanation (if any) as a single PDF as your
rollnumber.pdf

1. Consider a message signal m(t) is defined as

m(t) = t for 0.1 ≤ t < 1

= −t + 2 for 1 ≤ t < 1.9
= 0.1 for 1.9 ≤ t ≤ 2
= 0 otherwise

This message signal is used to frequency modulate the carrier signal c(t) = cos(2πfc t) to
generate the FM signal x(t). The carrier frequency is 1000 Hz and the deviation constant is
kf = 25.

(a) Sketch the signal m(t) and c(t) separately in the same figure. Obtain the expression for
x(t) and sketch it in the same figure. Take t0 = 2 sec. Use appropriate step size Ts . [2]

(b) Find the analytical expression of the CTFT M (f ) and X(f ) of the signals m(t) and x(t).
Sketch the magnitude spectrum |M (f )| and |X(f )| separately in the same figure. Chose
appropriate frequency resolution. [2]

(c) Find the CTFT M (f ) and X(f ) of the signals m(t) and x(t) by FFT method. Sketch
the magnitude spectrum |M (f )| and |X(f )| separately in the same figure. Compare the
result with that of (b) and (c) and comment. [2]
(d) Determine the range of the instantaneous frequency of the modulated signal x(t). De-
termine the bandwidth of the modulated signal and the modulation index. Is it a nar-
rowband FM or a wideband FM ? Compare the bandwidth with the theoretical values.
Assume appropriate message signal bandwidth. [2]

(f) Suppose we wish to demodulate the received signal using frequency discrimination method.
Explain the steps required for demodulation process in a block diagram. [2]

(g) Implement the demodulator of (f) assuming no noise case. Sketch the recovered signal
in time domain along with the original message in a same figure. [2]

(h) Now consider that before demodulation, we add white Gaussian noise to the modulated
signal. Demodulate and plot the recovered message signal when the ratio of noise power
to the modulated signal power is 0.001, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.3. [3]