Graduation Graduation Student-Faculty

University State
Rate Rate ^2 Ratio
Boston College MA 85 7225 13
Brandeis University MA 79 6241 8
Brown University RI 93 8649 8
California Institute of Technology CA 85 7225 3
Carnegie Mellon University PA 75 5625 10
Case Western Reserve Univ. OH 72 5184 8
College of William and Mary VA 89 7921 12
Columbia University NY 90 8100 7
Cornell University NY 91 8281 13
Dartmouth College NH 94 8836 10
Duke University NC 92 8464 8
Emory University GA 84 7056 7
Georgetown University DC 91 8281 10
Harvard University MA 97 9409 8
Johns Hopkins University MD 89 7921 9
Lehigh University PA 81 6561 11
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology MA 92 8464 6
New York University NY 72 5184 13
Northwestern University IL 90 8100 8
Pennsylvania State Univ. PA 80 6400 19
Princeton University NJ 95 9025 5
Rice University TX 92 8464 8
Stanford University CA 92 8464 7
Tufts University MA 87 7569 9
Tulane University LA 72 5184 12
U. of California–Berkeley CA 83 6889 17
U. of California–Davis CA 74 5476 19
U. of California–Irvine CA 74 5476 20
U. of California–Los Angeles CA 78 6084 18
U. of California–San Diego CA 80 6400 19
U. of California–Santa Barbara CA 70 4900 20
U. of Chicago IL 84 7056 4
U. of Florida FL 67 4489 23
U. of Illinois–Urbana Champaign IL 77 5929 15
U. of Michigan–Ann Arbor MI 83 6889 15
U. of North Carolina–Chapel Hill NC 82 6724 16
U. of Notre Dame IN 94 8836 13
U. of Pennsylvania PA 90 8100 7
U. of Rochester NY 76 5776 10
U. of Southern California CA 70 4900 13
U. of Texas–Austin TX 66 4356 21
U. of Virginia VA 92 8464 13
U. of Washington WA 70 4900 12
U. of Wisconsin–Madison WI 73 5329 13
Vanderbilt University TN 82 6724 9
Wake Forest University NC 82 6724 11
Washington University–St. Louis MO 86 7396 7
Yale University CT 94 8836 7
 Alumni
Giving Rate
25
33
40
46
28
31
27
31
35
53
45
37
29
46
27
40
44
13
30
21
67
40
34
29
17
18
7
9
13
8
12
36
19
23
13
26
49
41
23
22
13
28
12
13
31
38
33
50
Graduation Rate % of Classes Under 20Student-Faculty Ratio Alumni Giving Rate

Mean 83.04167 Mean 55.72917 Mean 11.541666667 Mean 29.270833333

Standard E 1.242338 Standard E 1.904348 Standard E 0.700150904 Standard Error 1.9400911142
Median 83.5 Median 59.5 Median 10.5 Median 29
Mode 92 Mode 65 Mode 13 Mode 13
Standard D 8.607168 Standard D 13.19371 Standard D 4.850787755 Standard Deviation 13.441345524
Sample Var 74.08333 Sample Var 174.074 Sample Var 23.530141844 Sample Variance 180.6697695
Kurtosis -1.103905 Kurtosis -0.956615 Kurtosis -0.4403375376 Kurtosis -0.0719420087
Skewness -0.282279 Skewness -0.500613 Skewness 0.5818384932 Skewness 0.3701067387
Range 31 Range 48 Range 20 Range 60
Minimum 66 Minimum 29 Minimum 3 Minimum 7
Maximum 97 Maximum 77 Maximum 23 Maximum 67
Sum 3986 Sum 2675 Sum 554 Sum 1405
Count 48 Count 48 Count 48 Count 48
According to the descriptive statistics the main guradian rate is 83.04 and the standard deviation of
the graduation rate is 8.60, the mean of % of class under 20 is 55.72 and the standard deviation of
the mean of % of class under 20 is 13.19, the mean student faculty ratio 11.54 and the standard
deviation of the student faculty ratio is 4.8; the mean Alumni giving rate is 29.27 and the standard
deviation of the ALumni giving rate is 13.44.
 Graduation
% ofRate
ClassesStudent-Faculty
Under 20 Alumni
Ratio
Giving Rate
Graduation 1 According to the output, the graduation rate is positively
rate is positively related with the alumni giving rate, the g
% of Class 0.582788 1 faculty ratio, the % of class under 20 is negatively related
Student-Fac-0.604938 -0.785559 1 under positively related with the alumni giving rate and th
thew alumni giving rate.
Alumni Giv 0.755944 0.64565 -0.742397 1
e graduation rate is positively related with the % of class under 20, the graduaion
h the alumni giving rate, the graduation rate is negatively related with the student
under 20 is negatively related with the Student faculty ratioo, the % of class under
h the alumni giving rate and the Student faculty ratio is negatively related with
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Alumni giving rate
Regression Statistics The regression lin
Multiple R 0.755944 rate is expected to
one.
R Square 0.571451
Adjusted R 0.562134 The R -square is k
Standard E 8.894328 variation explaine
R -square value is
Observatio 48 explanatory varia

ANOVA
df SS MS F Significance F
Regression 1 4852.462 4852.462 61.33888 5.2381791E-10
Residual 46 3639.017 79.10907
Total 47 8491.479

Coefficients
Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95%Lower 95.0%Upper 95.0%
Intercept -68.76118 12.58266 -5.464759 1.821E-06 -94.08875511 -43.43361 -94.08876 -43.43361
Graduation 1.180516 0.150731 7.831914 5.238E-10 0.87710926886 1.483923 0.877109 1.483923
Alumni giving rate = -68.76 + 1.18 (Graduation rate).
The regression line is hte estimated slope b = 1.18 which is positive and so it depicts that the alumni giving
rate is expected to increase (decrease) by 1.18 percentages as graduation rate increases or decreases by
one.

The R -square is known as coeffecient of determination, which indicates the proportion of the total
variation explained by the regression line. According to the regression output obtained in the part (b), the
R -square value is 0.5714. It means that 57.14% of the variation in response variables is explained by
explanatory variable in the regression equation.
SUMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
Multiple R 0.836625
R Square 0.699941
Consider "Graduati
Adjusted R 0.679482 and "alumni giving
Standard E 7.609725 part 2.
Observatio 48
Alumni giving rate =
+ 0.029 (%of
ANOVA
The regression part
df SS MS F Significance F and so it depicts tha
Regression 3 5943.531 1981.177 34.21255 1.432327E-11 as graduation rate i
Residual 44 2547.948 57.90791 the alumni giving ra
20 increases or dec
Total 47 8491.479 decreases (increase

Coefficients
Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95%Lower 95.0%
Upper 95.0%
Intercept -20.72013 17.52137 -1.182564 0.243333 -56.032125233 14.59186 -56.03213 14.59186
Graduation 0.748183 0.16596 4.508213 4.799E-05 0.41371247853 1.082653 0.413712 1.082653
% of Class 0.029041 0.139321 0.208444 0.835844 -0.251743027 0.309824 -0.251743 0.309824
Student-Fac-1.192011 0.386723 -3.082336 0.003538 -1.9713998988 -0.412621 -1.9714 -0.412621
Consider "Graduation rate, % of class under 20 and the student faculty ratio" as explanatory variable
and "alumni giving rate" as dependent variable, regressing price on explanatory variables as done in
part 2.

Alumni giving rate = -20.72 +0.748 (Graduaion rate)

+ 0.029 (%of class under 20) - 1.19 (Class faculty)

The regression part of the regression output line is the estimated slope b1 = 0.748 which is positive
and so it depicts that hte alumni giving rate is expected to increse or decrese bhy 0.748 percentages
as graduation rate increses by one, estimated slope b2=0.029 which is positive and so it depicts that
the alumni giving rate is expected to increase or decrease by 0.029 percentages as % of class under
20 increases or decreases by one and estimated by slope b3=-1.19 percentages as student faculty are
decreases (increase) by one.
SUMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
Multiple R 0.836447 According to the o
R Square 0.699644 graduation rate in
variable is explain
Adjusted R 0.686295 corresponding to t
Standard E 7.528412 value is approxima
Observatio 48 Comparing the p-v
significance, so th
ANOVA means that % of c
df SS MS F Significance F Tus remove "% of
Regression 2 5941.015 2970.508 52.41118 1.765E-12 faculty ratio" as ex
Residual 45 2550.464 56.67698 on explanatory va
Total 47 8491.479 The most importa
and so it depicts t
graduation rate in
Coefficients
Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95%Upper 95%Lower 95.0%
Upper 95.0% depicts that the al
Intercept -19.10631 15.55006 -1.228697 0.225572 -50.42574 12.21311 -50.42574 12.21311
Graduation 0.755735 0.160226 4.716691 2.348E-05 0.433024 1.078447 0.433024 1.078447
Student-Fac-1.245954 0.284302 -4.382496 6.954E-05 -1.818568 -0.673339 -1.818568 -0.673339
According to the output in the part 2 the 57.14% of variation in Alumni giving rate is explained by
graduation rate in the regression equation and in the part 2, the 69.99% of the variation in response
variable is explained by explanatory variables in the regression equation and also its observe that
corresponding to the explanatory variable % of class under 20, the value of t-statistics is 0.2084 and p-
value is approximately0.8358.

Comparing the p-value with the level of significance (0.05). P-value is grater than the level of
significance, so the null hypothesis does not get rejected and it is concluded that the slope is zero. It
means that % of class under 20 in the regression model is not a better predictor.

Tus remove "% of class under 20%" variable from model and consider "Graduation rate and the student
faculty ratio" as explanatory variable and "alumnni giving rate" as dependent variable, regressing price
on explanatory variables as done in part 2.

The most important part in this part of regression in is the estimated slope b1=0.755 which is positive
and so it depicts that the alumni giving rate is expected to increase or(decrease) by 0.755 percentages as
graduation rate increase (decrease) by one and estimated slope b2=-1.24 which is negative and so it
depicts that the alumni giving rate is expected to decrease (or increase) by one.
SUMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
Multiple R 0.866759
R Square 0.751272
Adjusted R 0.734313
Standard E 6.92832
Observatio 48

ANOVA
df SS MS F Significance F
Regression 3 6379.408 2126.469 44.29995 2.3872943E-13
Residual 44 2112.071 48.00162 The R -square i
explained by th
Total 47 8491.479 thast 75.12% o
and all the exp
Coefficients
Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95%Lower 95.0%Upper 95.0% the explanator
Intercept 294.3311 104.6989 2.811214 0.007343 83.324256803 505.3378 83.32426 505.3378 According to th
Graduation-6.919968 2.544164 -2.719938 0.009313 -12.047393809 -1.792543 -12.04739 -1.792543 University, U. o
The residuals a
Graduation 0.04666 0.01544 3.022065 0.004174 0.01554315184 0.077777 0.015543 0.077777 Jhons Hoopkin
Student-Fac-1.348352 0.263825 -5.110775 6.682E-06 -1.8800576229 -0.816647 -1.880058 -0.816647 from the predi

RESIDUAL OUTPUT

Observation
Predicted Alumni Giving
Residuals
Rate
1 25.7231 -0.723096
2 28.0713 4.928695
3 43.54884 -3.548839
4 39.20662 6.79338
5 24.31196 3.688039
6 27.19155 3.808454
7 31.86688 -4.86688
8 40.0408 -9.0408
9 33.47616 1.523837
10 42.65757 10.34243
11 41.83672 3.163278
12 32.84765 4.152348
13 37.52122 -8.52122
14 51.33051 -5.330507
15 35.91194 -8.911937
16 25.11749 14.88251
17 44.53343 -0.533427
18 20.44978 -7.449784
19 38.69245 -8.692447
20 13.73839 7.261613
21 51.29809 15.70191
22 41.83672 -1.836722
23 43.18507 -9.185075
24 33.32758 -4.327582
25 21.79814 -4.798136
26 18.49189 -0.491889
27 12.14443 -5.14443
28 10.79608 -1.796077
29 14.18214 -1.182141
30 13.73839 -5.738387
31 11.59984 0.400164
32 36.89271 -0.892709
33 9.137456 9.862544
34 17.91488 5.085121
35 21.18859 -8.188594
36 19.06132 6.938678
37 38.61251 10.38749
38 40.0408 0.9592
39 24.43764 -1.437641
40 21.0383 0.961698
41 12.54836 0.451641
42 35.09496 -7.09496
43 22.38665 -10.38665
44 20.2955 -7.295504
45 28.49979 2.500211
46 25.80308 12.19692
47 34.87209 -1.872088
48 46.70263 3.297371
The R -square is known as coeffecient of determination , which indicates the proportion of the total variation
explained by the regression line. According to the regression output obtained the R -square value is 0.7512. It means
thast 75.12% of the variation in response variable is explained by explanatory variables in the regression equation,
and all the explanatory variables are significant hence this model will be better to predict the alumni giving rate from
the explanatory variables.

According to the residuals, the alumni giving rate at Wake Forest University, U. of Florida, Dartmout College, Lehigh
University, U. of Notre Dame and Princeton University is Approximately 9% above from the model predicts.
The residuals also indicate the alumni giving rate at U. of Washington, Georgetown University, Columbia Unversity,
Jhons Hoopkins University, Stanford University Northwestern University and U. of MichiganAnn Arbor is 8% below
from the prediction of model
 variation
s 0.7512. It means
ession equation,
ni giving rate from

College, Lehigh
redicts.
mbia Unversity,
or is 8% below