MENG 123N – LONG EXAM

1.Water is the working fluid in an ideal Rankine cycle. Superheated vapor enters the turbine
at 8 MPa, 480C. The condenser pressure is 8 kPa. The net power output of the cycle is 100
MW.
Determine for the cycle
(a) the rate of heat transfer to the working fluid passing through the steam generator, in kW.
(b) the thermal efficiency.
(c) the mass flow rate of condenser cooling water, in kg/h, if the cooling water enters the
condenser at 15C and exits at 35C with negligible pressure change.
(d)Plot each of the quantities calculated in Problem 8.2 versus steam generator pressure
ranging from 4 MPa to 24 MPa. Maintain the turbine inlet temperature at 480C. Discuss.

2. A power plant operates on a regenerative vapor power cycle with one closed feedwater
heater. Steam enters the first turbine stage at 120 bar, 520C and expands to 10 bar, where
some of the steam is extracted and diverted to a closed feedwater heater. Condensate exiting
the feedwater heater as saturated liquid at 10 bar passes through a trap into the condenser.
The feedwater exits the heater at 120 bar with a temperature of 170C. The condenser pressure
is 0.06 bar. each turbine stage has an isentropic efficiency of 82% and assume 100%
efficiency of each pump, determine for the cycle (a) the thermal efficiency and (b) the mass
flow rate into the first-stage turbine, in kg/h, if the net power developed is 320 MW.

3. Consider a regenerative vapor power cycle with two feedwater heaters, a closed one and
an open one. Steam enters the first turbine stage at 8 MPa, 480C, and expands to 2 MPa.
Some steam is extracted at 2 MPa and fed to the closed feedwater heater. The remainder
expands through the second-stage turbine to 0.3 MPa, where an additional amount is
extracted and fed into the open feedwater heater, which operates at 0.3 MPa. The steam
expanding through the third-stage turbine exits at the condenser pressure of 8 kPa. Feedwater
leaves the closed heater at 205C, 8 MPa, and condensate exiting as saturated liquid at 2 MPa
is trapped into the open heater. Saturated liquid at 0.3 MPa leaves the open feedwater heater.
The net power output of the cycle is 100 MW. If the turbine stages and pumps are isentropic,
determine
(a) the thermal efficiency.
(b) the mass flow rate of steam entering the first turbine, in kg/h.