Exam Night 2021

Final Revision
Third Secondary
2021
3rd Sec. 2021
1. Main Vocabulary
Unit One Unit Two
average ‫متوسط‬ association ‫جمعية‬
confused ‫مرتبك‬ cultural ‫ثقافي‬
insist on/ persist in ‫يصر علي‬ ministry ‫وزارة‬
midday ‫منتصف اليوم‬ political science ‫علوم سياسية‬
poetry ‫شعر‬ lecture ‫ محاضرة‬/‫يحاضر‬
old-fashioned ‫قديم الطراظ‬ importance ‫أهمية‬
routine ‫ نمط‬/‫روتين‬ influence ‫ تأثير‬/‫يؤثر‬
secretary ‫سكرتيرة‬ discipline ‫ انضباط‬/‫ينضبط‬
publisher ‫ناشر‬ layer ‫طبقة‬
attachment ‫ال ُمرفق‬ responsible ‫مسئول‬
believer in ‫ معتقد في‬/‫مؤمن‬ semicircle ‫نصف دائرة‬
collection ‫مجموعة‬ serious ‫جاد‬
custom ‫عادة‬ silence ‫ يخرس‬/‫صمت‬
disabled ‫معاق‬ spoil ‫ يدلل‬/‫يفسد‬
district ‫ منطقة‬/‫حي‬ strict ‫صارم‬
established ‫ ذو مكانة‬/‫أسس‬ fatherly ‫بشكل أبوي‬
law ‫قانون‬ plan ‫ يخطط‬/‫خطة‬
lawyer ‫محامي‬ ache ‫ يؤلم‬/‫ألم‬
style ‫أسلوب‬ break ‫ يرتاح‬/‫راحة‬
pioneer ‫رائد‬ chat ‫ يدردش‬/‫دردشة‬
diplomat ‫دبلوماسي‬ demand ‫ يطلب‬/‫طلب‬
politician ‫سياسي‬ face ‫ يواجه‬/‫وجه‬
journalist ‫صحفي‬ make a plan ‫يضع خطة‬
editor ‫محرر‬ conduct a survey ‫يجري استفتاء‬
coach ‫ يدرب‬/‫مدرب‬ Unit Three
manager ‫مدير‬ appreciate ‫يقدر‬
make a noise ‫يصدر ضوضاء‬ argue for ‫يجادل ألجل قضية ما‬
make/ give a speech ‫يلقي خطبة‬ award ‫(يمنح) جائزة رسمية‬
make arrangements ‫يضع ترتيبات‬ government ‫حكومة‬
make mistakes ‫يرتكب أخطاء‬ positive ‫ايجابي‬
do a survey ‫يقوم بعمل استفتاء‬ respected ‫محترم‬
do the washing up ‫يقوم بغسيل الصحون‬ role ‫دور‬
do well ‫يؤدي شئ بشكل جيد‬ career ‫الحياة العملية‬
do a job ‫يقوم بوظيفة‬ in charge of ‫مسئول عن‬
director ‫مخرج‬ organisation ‫منظمة‬
01014191029 Page - 1 Exam night
3rd Sec. 2021
impressive ‫ مبهر‬/‫مؤثر‬ regular ‫منتظم‬

licence ‫رخصة‬ meet the deadline ‫يلبي الموعد النهائي‬
nursing ‫تمريض‬ clients ‫عمالء‬
solo ‫بشكل منفرد‬ sociable ‫اجتماعي‬
suitable ‫مناسب‬ separate ..from .. .. ‫ عن‬.. ‫يفصل‬
cleanliness ‫النظافة‬ stress ‫ضغط عصبي‬
hygiene ‫النظافة الشخصية‬ task ‫مهمة‬
staff ‫فريق عمل‬ carry work around ‫يحمل العمل الي مكان‬
terrific ‫رائع‬ suffer from stress ‫يعاني من الضغط‬
over the moon ‫تعبير يدل علي السعادة‬ make a timetable ‫يضع جدول زمني‬
Unit Four get work ‫يحصل علي عمل‬
break the rule ‫يخالف القواعد‬ freelance ‫عمل حر‬
break a heart ‫يخذل شخص‬ get money ‫يحصل علي مال‬
break the law ‫يخرج عن القانون‬ lack of sleep ‫قلة النوم‬
break a record ‫يحطم الرقم القياسي‬ limit ‫ يضع حدا َ لـ‬/‫حد‬
break a promise ‫يخلف وعد‬ stressful ‫جهد‬
ِ ‫ُم‬
challenging ‫مثير للتحدي‬ remind ‫يذكر‬
moving ‫محرك للمشاعر‬ training ‫تدريب‬
alive ‫علي قيد الحياة‬ exercise ‫ تمرين‬/‫يتدرب‬
robin ‫طائر الحناء‬ available for work ‫متاح للعمل‬
aching/ pain ‫ألم‬ available at work ‫متاح في العمل‬
fainting ‫مغمي عليه‬ pessimistic thoughts ‫أفكار تشائمية‬
in vain ‫ بال فائدة‬/‫هباءا‬ quality time ‫وقت مميز‬
ease/ lighten ‫يخفف‬ focus/ concentrate on ‫يركز علي‬
unconscious ‫غير واعي‬ mainly ‫بشكل رئيسي‬
poem ‫قصيدة شعرية‬ occupation/ job ‫وظيفة‬
paraphrase ‫يلخص‬ ahead ‫امام‬
line ‫سطر شعري‬ Unit Six
asleep ‫نائم‬ freelance journalist ‫صحفي حر‬
ashore ‫ علي الشاطئ‬/‫إلي‬ degree in law ‫شهادة في القانون‬
along ‫بامتداد‬ local newspaper ‫جريدة محلية‬
Unit five member of staff ‫عضو في فريق‬
work-life balance ‫توازن بين الحياة والعمل‬ flexible hours )‫(قابلة للتغير‬ ‫ساعات مرنة‬
accounts ‫حسابات‬ educate ‫يُع ِلم‬
do accounts ‫يقوم بحسابات‬ nation ‫أمة‬
good qualities ‫صفات جيدة‬ summarise ‫يلخص‬
cause ‫ سبب‬/‫يسبب‬ values ‫قيم‬
morals ‫أخالق‬ consult ‫يستشير‬
3rd Sec. 2021
charitable ‫خيري‬ physics ‫فيزياء‬

colleague ‫زميل العمل‬ radar ‫رادار‬
envy ‫ الحسد‬/‫يحسد‬ technician ‫عامل فني‬
female ‫أنثي‬ foundation ‫مؤسسة‬
male ‫ذكر‬ electrician ‫كهربائي‬
loyal ‫مخلص‬ archaeologist ‫عالم آثار‬
voluntary ‫تطوعي‬ chemist ‫كيميائي‬
local community ‫مجتمع محلي‬ be about to ‫علي وشك أن‬
rewarding ‫ مرضي‬/‫مجزي‬ nearby/ about ‫قريب‬
promote ‫يرقي‬ almost/ about ‫غالبا‬
Unit Seven interrupt ‫يقاطع‬
launch ‫ يطلق‬/‫يبدأ‬ controls ‫أدوات التحكم‬
leak ‫تسرب‬ horrified ‫مرعوب‬
mission ‫مهمة تحتاج لوقت طويل‬ threaten ‫يهدد‬
weightless ‫عديم الوزن‬ zero-gravity ‫بال جاذبية‬
reach for ‫يصل الي‬ emergency ‫طوارئ‬
space walk ‫جولة في الفضاء‬ pressure ‫ضغط‬
space station ‫محطة فضاء‬ ready ‫جاهز‬
astronauts ‫رواد فضاء‬ artificial intelligence ‫ذكاء اصطناعي‬
distance ‫مسافة‬ electric cars ‫سيارات تعمل بالكهرباء‬
giant ‫عمالق‬ space travel ‫السفر للفضاء‬
gravity ‫الجاذبية‬ e-book reader ‫قارئ الكتروني‬
hopeful ‫مفعم باألمل‬ give a talk ‫يلقي خطبة‬
horrible ‫فظيع‬ do a research ‫يقوم ببحث علمي‬
side effects ‫آثار جانبية‬ Unit Nine
representative ‫مندوب رسمي‬ cancer ‫سرطان‬
spin ‫يدور حول نفسه‬ complex ‫معقد‬
fearless ‫ مقدام‬/‫عديم الخوف‬ human ‫ بشري‬/‫انسان‬
powerful ‫قوي‬ install ‫ يثبت‬/‫يركب‬
homeless ‫ُمشَرد‬ signal ‫اشارة‬
tasteless ‫بال طعم‬ mast ‫سارية الهواتف‬
painful ‫مؤلم‬ link ‫ صلة‬/‫يصل‬
useful ‫مفيد‬ complain about ‫يشكو من‬
anniversary ‫ذكري سنوية‬ do experiments ‫يقوم بتجارب معملية‬
Unit Eight invisible ‫غير مرئي‬
consultant ‫مستشار‬ gain ‫يكتسب‬
social media ‫وسائل االعالم‬ illness ‫مرض‬
process ‫عملية لها خطوات‬ neighbourhood ‫الجيرة‬
3rd Sec. 2021
remove ‫يزيل‬ apply for ‫يتقدم لـ‬

release ‫ غاز ينطلق‬/‫يطلق سراح‬ complete a CV ‫يكمل سيره ذاتية‬
soil ‫تربة‬ qualifications ‫مؤهالت‬
weigh ‫يزن‬ do courses ‫يأخذ دورات تدريبية‬
oxygen ‫أكسجين‬ hard skills ‫مهارات تكتسب‬
carbon dioxide ‫ثاني أكسيد الكربون‬ personal skills ‫مهارات شخصية‬
uninfected ‫غير معدي‬ Unit Eleven
intolerant ‫غير متسامح‬ ambassador ‫سفير‬
impossible ‫مستحيل‬ president ‫رئيس‬
uninjured ‫غير مصاب‬ throughout ‫ زمان‬/‫في كل مكان‬
informal ‫غير رسمي‬ will ‫ارادة‬
inaccurate ‫غير دقيق‬ grain ‫حبوب‬
impolite ‫غير مؤدب‬ continent ‫قارة‬
unintelligent ‫غير ذكي‬ verse ‫بيت شعري‬
impatient ‫غير صبور‬ wheat ‫قمح‬
well-known ‫معروف‬ fellow toiler ‫الزميل الكادح‬
confident ‫واثق من نفسه‬ climb up ‫يتسلق‬
uncertain ‫غير متأكد‬ climb down ‫ينزل‬
limb ‫أحد أطراف الجسم‬ incredible ‫غير معقول‬
pacemaker ‫منظم ضربات القلب‬ industrial revolution ‫ثورة صناعية‬
tiny ‫ضئيل الحجم‬ carpenter ‫نجار‬
Unit Ten export ‫ يصدر‬/‫تصدير‬
applicant ‫متقدم لوظيفة‬ import ‫ يستورد‬/‫استيراد‬
appointment ‫موعد‬ mass production ‫كتلة االنتاج‬
conscientious ‫مجتهد‬ rhyme )‫يتقافي (له نفس النهاية الموسيقية‬
CV(Curriculum Vitae) ‫سيرة ذاتية‬ gale ‫رياح شديدة‬

established (adj.) ‫ذو مكانة‬ blizzard ‫عاصفة ثلجية‬
pharmacy ‫صيدلة‬ downpour ‫مطر غزير‬
product ‫منتج‬ rainfall ‫هطول االمطار‬
reputation ‫سمعة‬ landforms ‫اليابسة‬
profession ‫مهنة‬ joke ‫ نكتة‬/‫يمزح‬
sales assistant ‫بائع‬ pour down ‫يهطل بغزارة‬
candidate ‫مرشح‬ fall ‫يسقط‬
choir ‫كورال‬ ordinary ‫ طبيعي‬/‫عادي‬
fluent ‫طليق في اللغة‬ mechanised )‫مميكن (يستخدم الماكينات‬
daycare centre ‫مركز رعاية يومي‬ transform ‫ يتحول‬/‫تحويل‬
grade ‫درجة علمية‬ workshop ‫ورشة‬
standard of living ‫مستوي المعيشة‬ upset ‫محبط‬
3rd Sec. 2021
industrialisation ‫التصنيع‬ essential ‫ضروري‬

Unit Twelve Unit Fourteen
creative writing ‫الكتابة االبداعية‬ commuter ‫المسافرللعمل‬
enroll on ‫يسجل في‬ consider ‫يعتبر‬
mature ‫ راشد‬/‫ناضج‬ diameter ‫قطر‬
redundant ‫مسرح من العمل‬ drill ‫ مثقاب‬/‫يثقب‬
worthwhile ‫يستحق‬ investment ‫استثمار‬
Open University ‫الجامعة المفتوحة‬ massive ‫ ضخم‬/‫كبير‬
make up mind ‫يأخذ قراره‬ tunnel ‫نفق‬
make up for ‫يعوض عن‬ historical monuments ‫آثار تاريخية‬
make up ‫ يخترع‬/‫يؤلف‬ concrete base ‫قاعدة خرسانية‬
lifelong ‫مدي الحياة‬ emission ‫انبعاث‬
department ‫قسم‬ illuminate ‫ يضئ‬/‫ينير‬
qualified ‫مؤهل‬ position ‫ مكانة‬/‫يضع في مكان‬
promotion ‫ترقية‬ power cut ‫انقطاع التيارالكهربي‬
employment ‫العمالة‬ power station ‫محطة الطاقة‬
unemployment ‫البطالة‬ ray ‫شعاع‬
employer ‫صاحب العمل‬ solar ‫شمسي‬
employee ‫موظف‬ solar panels ‫ألواح الطاقة الشمسية‬
employable ‫قابل للتوظيف‬ deduce ‫يستنتج‬
unemployed ‫عاطل‬ pearl ‫لؤلؤة‬
fictional/ cardboard ‫شخصيات خيالية‬ treat ‫يعامل‬
characters
Unit thirteen success ‫نجاح‬
wrinkle ‫تجاعيد‬ publicity ‫ شهرة‬/‫دعاية‬
clear up ‫يفسر‬ greed ‫جشع‬
non-fiction ‫ واقعي‬/‫غير خيالي‬ scorpion ‫عقرب‬
Switzerland ‫سويسري‬ trick ‫ خدعة‬/‫يخدع‬
concentrate on ‫يركز علي‬ throw away ‫يرمي‬
concern for ‫اهتمام بـ‬ fire guns ‫يطلق النار‬
defeat ‫يهزم‬ merchant ‫تاجر‬
evil ‫شرير‬ Unit fifteen
possessions ‫ممتلكات‬ bark ‫لحاء الشجر‬
gap in ‫فجوة في‬ calculate ‫يحسب‬
manage to ‫يتمكن من‬ extract from ‫يستخلص من‬
rule ‫ يحكم‬/‫قاعدة‬ harden ‫يقوي‬
transport ‫ النقل‬/‫ينقل‬ ring ‫حلقة‬
grow up ‫ ينضج‬/‫ينمو‬ tube ‫أنبوبة‬
width ‫ عرض‬address (v.) ‫يخاطب بشكل رسمي‬
3rd Sec. 2021
wide ‫عريض‬ The Novel

‫ السائل المغذي للشجر‬/‫الساب‬
sab afterwards ‫بعد ذلك‬
turpentine ‫زيت التربنتين‬ a head of ‫أمام‬
cardboard ‫ورق مقوي‬ anxious ‫قلق للغاية‬
rubber ‫ مممحاة‬/‫مطاط‬ authority ‫سلطة‬
valuable ‫قيّم‬ avenue ‫شارع مشجر‬
global warming ‫االحتباس الحراري‬ appoint ‫يحدد معاد‬
violent ‫عنيف‬ approach ‫يقترب‬
Unit Sixteen ball ‫حفلة راقصة‬
ancestor ‫أحفاد‬ betray ‫يخون‬
celebrity ‫شخص مشهور‬ betrayal ‫خيانة‬
correspondent ‫مراسل صحفي‬ bow ‫ينحني‬
depression ‫ كساد‬/‫احباط‬ briefly ‫باختصار‬
hide -hid – hidden ‫ يختفي‬/‫يخفي‬ bullet ‫رصاصة‬
sting-stung- stung ‫يقرص‬ borders ‫حدود‬
directly ‫مباشرة‬ cellar ‫بدروم‬
absorb/ take in ‫يمتص‬ crown ‫ يتوج‬/‫تاج‬
eclipse ‫ كسوف‬/‫خسوف‬ coronation ‫حفلة تتويج‬
degrees centigrade ‫درجة مئوية‬ coach ‫عربة تجرها الخيول‬
harmful ‫ضار‬ embassy ‫سفارة‬
heat ‫ حرارة‬/‫يسخن‬ descendants ‫أحفاد‬
sunburn ‫حرق بسبب الشمس‬ ancestors ‫أسالف‬
ultraviolet rays ‫آشعة فوق بنفسجية‬ duty ‫واجب‬
geyser ‫ينبوع ماء ساخن‬ eventually ‫في النهاية‬
electrical storm ‫عاصفة كهربية‬ drawbridge ‫جسر متحرك‬
waves ‫أمواج‬ fasten ‫ يربط‬/‫يثبت‬
volcano ‫بركان‬ fighter ‫محارب‬
beneath ‫تحت‬ French window ‫باب‬
drought ‫جفاف‬ furious ‫غاضب جدا‬
ball lightning ‫كرة البرق‬ identical twins ‫تؤأم متطابق‬
phenomenon ‫ظاهرة‬ guilt ‫ذنب‬
occur ‫يحدث‬ guilty ‫مذنب‬
northern/ the north of ‫شمالي‬ prison ‫سجن‬
southern/ the south of ‫جنوبي‬ imprison ‫يسجن‬
western/ the west of ‫غربي‬ hunting lodge ‫كوخ للصيد‬
fertile ‫خصب‬ generous amounts ‫كميات وفيرة‬
branches ‫فروع الشجر‬ joy ‫بهجه‬
biodegrade ‫يتحلل‬ joyous/ delighted ‫مبتهج‬
digest ‫يهضم‬ leafy ‫مورق‬
lean – leant ‫يتكئ‬ luggage/ baggage )‫أمتعه (ال تعد‬

3rd Sec. 2021
royal ‫ملكي‬ moreover/ in addition ‫ وعالوة علي‬/‫باالضافة‬

loyal ‫وفي‬ further more ‫ذلك‬
loyalty ‫وفاء‬ lie – lied – lied ‫يكذب‬
moan ‫يتأوه‬ lie – lay – lain ‫يرقد‬
moat ‫خندق مائي‬ lay – laid - laid ‫ يبيض‬/‫يضع‬
miracle ‫معجزة‬ shoulder ‫ يتحمل مسئولية‬/‫كتف‬
mansion ‫بيت كبير‬ sign ‫ الفته‬/‫يوقع‬
meanwhile ‫في هذه األثناء‬ signature ‫توقيع‬
reluctantly ‫ علي مضض‬/‫ُمكرها‬ pulse ‫نبض‬
relief ‫شعور باالرتياح‬ personality ‫شخصية‬
relieve ‫يشعر باالرتياح‬ popularity ‫شعبية‬
passage ‫ممر‬ protest/ object ‫ يحتج‬/‫يعترض‬
panel ‫لوحة‬ prove ‫يثبت‬
set off ‫ يبدأ‬/‫ينطلق‬ prof ‫ دليل‬/‫برهان‬
nonsense ‫بال معني‬ improve ‫ يحسن‬/‫يطور‬
nevertheless ‫ومع ذلك‬ sword ‫سيف‬
otherwise ‫وإال‬ swordsman ‫سياف‬
permission ‫تصريح شفوي‬ spade ‫جاروف‬
permit ‫تصريح كتابي‬ shade ‫الظل للحماية من الشمس‬
poison ‫سم‬ shadow ‫ظل شئ أو جسم ما‬
poisoned ‫ُمسمم‬ rude ‫ قاسي‬/‫وقح‬
poisonous ‫سام‬ route ‫المسار لمكان معين‬
surrender ‫يستسلم‬ street ‫شارع في المدينة‬
strike – struck ‫يضرب‬ remaining ‫المتبقي‬
stab – stabbed ‫يطعن‬ splendid ‫رائع‬
shoot – shot ‫يطلق رصاص‬ square ‫ ميدان‬/‫مربع‬
shots ‫طلقات رصاص‬ stare ‫ يحدق‬/‫يحملق‬
whisper ‫ همس‬/‫يهمس‬ stalemate ‫معضلة‬
whistle ‫ صفارة‬/‫يصفر‬ trick ‫ خدعة‬/‫يخدع‬
tear – tore – torn ‫يمزق‬ trap ‫ يضع فخا‬/‫فخ‬
weapon ‫سالح‬ tough ‫ حاد‬/‫صارم‬
wicked ‫شرير‬ weak ‫ضعيف‬
hold a prisoner ‫يحبس‬ weaken ‫يضعف‬
set free ‫يحرر‬ weakness ‫نقطة ضعف‬
point a gun at ‫ يشير بمسدسه الي شخص‬wood ‫غابة‬
arrange a date ‫ يرتب موعد‬within ‫في خالل‬
be over ‫ ينتهي‬catch/ cope up with ‫ يلحق بـ‬/‫يساير‬
lie against ‫ ينام مستندا علي‬at once/ immediately ‫ حاال‬/‫للتو‬
for the good/ sake of ‫ لصالح‬act out a war ‫يفتعل حربا‬
in chains ‫ مقيد في سالسل‬look on in fear ‫ينظر في خوف‬
well defended ‫ محمي بشكل جيد‬out of sight ‫خارج نطاق البصر‬
3rd Sec. 2021
Phrasal Verbs ‫األفعال التي يتيغير معناها بتغير حرف الجر‬
Take :
✓ Take on ‫يبدأ في تولي مسئولية عمل ما‬

- I can choose exactly which project to take on.
- He wanted to take on more work, but he doesn’t have time.
✓ Take part in ‫يشارك في‬
- A teacher must make his students take part in conversations.
✓ Take up ‫ يبدأ‬/‫يشغل حيز من الفراغ‬
- Dr Aisha’s work took up much of her personal life.
✓ Take off ‫ ينجح بشكل فجائي‬/‫ الطائرة تقلع‬/‫ يخلع مالبس‬/‫يتغيب عن العمل‬
- A break can help to limit the days we take off work.
- It was hot, so I took off my jacket.
- The plane takes off at half past four.
- Her sports career took off after she won the competition.
Give :
✓ Give out ‫يوزع علي عدد كبير من الناس‬

- After the festival, the food and drink are given out to the poor.
- The teacher asked me to give out a test paper to each student in the class.
✓ Give away ‫يوزع بالمجان‬
- The children gave away their toys for a charity.
- The shop is giving away a pen with each book you buy.
✓ Give off ‫ تصدر‬/‫تنتج‬
- The fire gave off a lot of heat.
- The old car is giving off a lot of smoke.
✓ Give up ‫يستسلم‬
- I tried a puzzle, but I gave up because it was difficult.
- The explorer tried to climb the mountain, but he gave up as it was dangerous.

3rd Sec. 2021
Questions on Vocab
» Choose the correct answer:

1. I'm going to wait until they............ the price of the phone before I buy it.
a prevent b increase c reduce d replace
2. We can't use the internet at the moment because the computer is ............
a out of line b offline c online d in line
3. It is best to .................... the dried fish in water before you cook it.
a sink b seek c soak d save
4. The students were very helpful and helped to ................ some of the
rubbish that was in the canal.
a remove b rescue c respect d research
5. Do you often.................... music from the internet?
a load b take c download d upload
6. My father said that his teacher was very..................... My father couldn't
talk in his lessons!
a serious b strict c fatherly d kind
7. Nabila ....................her grandchildren. She always gives them lots of food
and presents!
a annoys b hates c spills d spoils
8. The teacher is going to .................... our homework tomorrow.
a write b do c mark d manufacture
9. Hazem does not like cold water but we ................... him that swimming
is good for him!
a encouraged b convinced c confused d discouraged
10. Where does your family ...........................to go on holiday next summer?
a invent b invest c invite d intend
11. To make bread, first make a.................... of flour and water.
a mixture b mixing c moisture d monument
12. The school secretary is ......................... for sending emails to the parents.
a irresponsible b respected c responsible d awarded
13. Not many people have read my cousin's book because she could not find a......
a library b publisher c bookshop d bookseller
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14. My grandparents' house is old-fashioned and does not have many ...........
a gadgets b galleries c technology d electricity
15. This film is very.......................... . I'd prefer to watch something that will
make us laugh!
a sensible b funny c serious d fun
16. London has a / an ................... of 557 mm of rain each year.
a average b number c ability d water
17. I sometimes get .............. between the meanings of whether and weather.
a confirmed b confident c confused d concluded
18. Kamal did not want to tidy his room before he went out, but his mother .........
a told b ordered c insisted d said
19. Hoda's father works for an important ...................
a graduate b building c ministry d work
20. Walid always makes a revision ................. two months before the exams.
a plain b plane c pain d plan
21. Are there any tickets................... for the tennis match this evening?
a attracted b available c based d belonging
22. To turn the computer on, you must press this ....................
a bazaar b basket c battery d button
23. Adel loves windsurfing. He is very ................... about the sport.
a enjoyable b enthusiastic c excellent d efficient
24. I sent my friend an email with a photo as an ....................
a attached b attachment c attack d attractive
25. Hamid is ................... and cannot walk.
a deaf b blind c unable d disabled
26. The head teacher believes that......... is very important in the classroom.
a discipline b indifference c violence d noise
27. My father does the same things every day. He likes to have a ................
a root b work c routine d way
28. There was a ................... at the university about new technology.
a legend b lie c tale d lecture
29. The head teacher................ the students before the visitor gave her talk.
a silenced b declared c sheltered d shouted

3rd Sec. 2021
30. The computer in the library does not work, so they are going to.......... it.
a reduce b replace c download d upload
31. My mother really............ it when my sisters and I cooked dinner for her.
a apologised b appreciated c appealed d thanked
32. Mr Shabana has an important .................... in the government.
a role b roil c rule d root
33. The army captain is in .................... of fifty soldiers today.
a charge b change c core d care
34. I don't think that tree is .................... any more. All its leaves are brown.
a live b life c alive d alone
35. Ali said that he would be here at midday and here he is. He never............
a promise.
a takes b breaks c makes d keeps
36. We walked a really long way to get to the shop, but it was in ............. . It
had already closed.
a veil b vein c vain d view
37. The publisher told the writer that the........ for his new book was next April.
a deadline b debt c line d end
38. It is usual for people to suffer from........... when they have an important job.
a stressful b distressed c stress d stressed
39. Using the computer for a long time .................... Hana headaches
a takes b gives c does d makes
40. This book has some useful .................... on how best to revise.
a tops b taps c tapes d tips
41. We usually take a 30-.................... break at a school.
a minutes b minute c minutes' d minute's
42. Don't drink too much coffee or it will keep you.................... at night.
a wake b woken c asleep d awake
43. Khaled wants to be a.................... so he can work for the government.
a political b politics c politician d population
44. The palace is very.................... . It has more than 30 rooms!
a impressed b impressive c improved d industrial

3rd Sec. 2021
45. Dr Sakr would like to take.................... more work at the hospital but
she doesn't have time.
a on b up c over d in
46. The explorer did not go with anyone else to Antarctica . He went ...........
a slightly b solo c special d lonely
47. In most countries, you need a/an ....................... to drive a car.
a letter b degree c licence d qualification
48. I told my little brother to read this book because it is ..................... for
young children.
a suitable b employable c reliable d impossible
49. My cousin wants to have a................ in law.
a mark b work c degree d licence
50. To find the bank, walk ..................... this road and it is on the right.
a alive b ashore c along d around
51. Ashraf is a good student. He never...................... the rules .
a becomes b blocks c follows d breaks
52. The maths test was very................... so nobody did very well at it.
a challenging b easy c uncertain d promising
53. We were very tired after the sports competition and we were all ..............
by nine o'clock!
a along b ahead c awake d asleep
54. They thought they were lost in the desert, but they became ............ when
they saw a road.
a hopeful b dreadful c helpless d hopeless
55. Imad hit his head and became.......... , but he is feeling much better now.
a uncommon b uncertain c unconscious d unhealthy
56. Mariam has always been good with money and does the.................... for
a large company in Cairo.
a accounts b accountants c achievements d activities
57. Yunis was ill last year and had to take a lot of time ................. work.
a from b in c on d off
58. Fatma and Mona are very good friends and never like to be ................... .
a helpful b separated c obeyed d together

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59. Mustafa is always very....................... and likes to talk to everyone!

a social b sociable c socially d sociably
60. I think that parents should..................... the amount of time that children
play computer games, because the games are bad for them.
a increase b recycle c. recover d limit
61. Today is the tenth.......................... of when we moved into our house.
a antiquity b anniversary c date d year
62. The.................... between Aswan and Luxor is about 200 kilometres.
a district b long c far d distance
63. Ships can see where to go at night and in bad weather because they
have ........... .
a radar b rafts c poles d positions
64. The secretary ....................... the teacher's lesson to say that he had an
important phone call.
a interrupted b interpreted c broke d invited
65. The policeman ........... to arrest the man because he was scaring people.
a threatened b warned c offered d shouted
66. Cancer is a terrible...................... that people of any age can get.
a toxic b ill c sick d illness
67. Our house has been much less hot since my father ...... air conditioning.
a put b did c installed d made
68. ................... makes things fall to the ground on earth.
a Gram b Graph c Gravity d Space
69. You must be careful when you take that medicine because it may have
side ...............
a affects b effects c affection d effective
70. I didn't like the soup without salt. I thought it was ......................... .
a tasted b tasty c teased d tasteless
71. It is amazing how some animals can................ in the desert.
a survive b survey c alive d die
72. Scientists think that there is a ..................... between pollution and
climate change.
a join b connected c link d secret

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73. It is not always easy to get a mobile phone ...................in the desert.
a sign b noise c signal d side
74. You must work hard for the exam or you might .................
a fail b feel c fall d fill
75. There is water on the floor. There must be a.................. from the
washing machine.
a luck b lock c leak d lake
76. We don't know much about the bottom of the oceans because some of
them have not been ...........
a explained b explored c existed d found
77. That is a .................. hotel! It's the biggest building in the city.
a giant b mass c hostile d tiny
78. The colour of this new car is................. . I don't like it at all.
a ideal b hopeless c horrible d ordinary
79. It takes many hours for the rocket to ..................... the Space Station.
a get b go c reach d travel
80. The rocket will be .................. into space tomorrow morning.
a launched b taken c kept d died
81. You should only phone 123 in a/an ..................... .
a emotion b emergency c ambulance d situation
82. I can't talk to you now because I am ................ to go out.
a about b off c over d away
83. We can't play this computer game because the.................... don't work.
a contents b crew c crops d controls
84. The teacher asked us to discuss the pros and........ of artificial intelligence.
a benefits b cons c advantages d content
85. .......................is the study of energy, sound, light etc.
a Physics b Chemicals c Geography d Political Science
86. The police do not know the .........of the accident in the street yesterday.
a challenge b reason c cause d benefit
87. The light from the sun that damages our skin is.......... . You can't see it.
a interrupted b informed c irrational d invisible
88. We get the signal for our mobile phones from that tall.......... on the hill.
a match b mast c maze d post

3rd Sec. 2021
89. I like to do................... work at the hospital. I don't get paid, but I enjoy
helping the people there.
a loyal b freelance c voluntary d hopeful
90. Fawzi enjoys working at the hotel, but the................ is that it is a long
way from his home.
a downside b upside c benefit d pros
91. We are going to interview the five best ..................... for the job.
a applications b appointments c employers d applicants
92. A lot of tourists stay at that hotel because it has a good ......................
a reputation b repetition c research d representative
93. Ola has a lovely voice and often sings in a..................... .
a choice b clarinet c client d choir
94. My uncle speaks Spanish because he once worked as the
Egyptian............... to Argentina.
a personnel b president c ambassador d ruler
95. My grandfather left his house to my parents in his ......................
a well b wall c will d wool
96. The factory closed and all the workers were made..................... .
a redundant b employable c employed d job holders
97. Ayman cannot apply for the job in the bank because he is not ...............
to do it.
a qualification b qualified c quality d qualities
98. If you have a degree from a good university, you will be very.................
a employ b employment c employable d employee
99. Etc. is a/an ....................... for et cetera.
a abbreviation b shorten c small d reduce
100.Fatma is very ........................ She always does her homework carefully
and on time.
a unconscious b conscientious c conservative d convinced
101.There was a ................... last night and many buildings were damaged
by the wind.
a pour b thunder c gale d blow
102.At what time does the sun ....................... this evening?
a up b down c rise d set

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103. Should I have fish or meat at the restaurant? I really can’t …...... my mind.
a make up b make up for c make d make off
104.My grandmother has spent a lot of time reading since her....................
a death b rewarding c retirement d birth
105.I’ve got a good ................... . Why don’t we play tennis this afternoon?
a point b idea c ideal d choice
106.Munir couldn’t find work as a car mechanic so he is going to .................
as an electrician.
a retrain b return c revise d replace
107.Ahmed wants to be like his grandfather, who has been a big ...............
on him.
a individual b influential c influence d role
108.The children did not let the wind stop their....................... of the picnic.
a enjoyment b joyful c enjoyable d joylessness
109.The information in this report is very old. Please can you ............... it?
a date b up-to-date c make up d update
110.You’ll really like this book. The story is..................... .
a terrific b terrible c horrible d capable
111.Khaled has an..................... to see the doctor at four o’clock.
a application b application form c appointment d applicant
112.The company hopes that its new..................... will sell very well.
a product b production c productive d producer
113.Manal can speak very good English, but she is not ......................
a fleet b flat c fluent d foolish
114.There was a..................... this morning and many of the roads flooded.
a dust storm b drought c rain d downpour
115.The teacher was angry because two boys were talking........... the lesson.
a throughout b without c after d along
116.My little sister is very good at making ..... stories. They are very funny!
a for b out c up d off
117.It was hard to climb the mountain, but it was............... . The views from
the top were amazing!
a worthwhile b worth c while d worthless

3rd Sec. 2021
118.Mazin has had a................... . He is now the manager of the shop where
he was an assistant.
a punishment b progress c protection d promotion
119.It’s Kholoud’s first day studying science at university, so she needs to
find the science....................
a development b department c employment d enjoyment
120.If you have a headache, you should get some medicine from the............ .
a biologist b florist c pharmacy d chemicals
121.We tried to do the quiz in the magazine, but we gave.....................
because it was too difficult!
a up b off c away d out
122.The Egyptian Museum is a famous..................... in Cairo.
a landfall b landlord c landmark d landfill
123.Fawzi's family come from a remote.......... in the far east of the country.
a era b region c regain d store
124.The police quickly cleared ................. the mystery of who took the
money from the bank last week.
a up b off c over d down
125.When you revise, take regular breaks because it is difficult to .......... for
more than about an hour.
a concern b conclude c concentrate d confirm
126.The metro line goes through a ....................... under the river.
a way b road c bridge d tunnel
127.Many modern houses have solar ....................... on their roofs to get
energy from the sun.
a power b power stations c bases d panels
128.Old bridges used to be made of wood, but modern ones are usually
made of.......................
a concrete b concert c conquest d condensation
129.The time that it gets dark ....................... the time of year.
a concentrates on b depends on c blames on d designs on
130.Your idea to help a charity was a very good ...................... .
a depression b prevention c suggestion d summary
131. New cars and electrical goods are usually .................. around the world on giant ships.

3rd Sec. 2021
a transmitted b transported c translated d travelled

132.Many ....................... travel to work in Cairo on the metro.
a communities b communications c companies d commuters
133.This hotel is ....................... to be the best one in the city.
a considered b connected c consisted d contained
134.Did you know that the ....................... of the moon is 3,474 km?
a depth b diameter c length d height
135.The statue was................... in the park where many people could see it.
a taken b transported c positioned d pointed
136.The beach has been................... since they opened the hotel there. It
used to be quiet but now it is always busy.
a transformed b transferred c translated d transplanted
137.Many countries celebrate the new year with................... .
a fire blankets b fireworks c fire fighters d fire extinguishers
138.The shop that has just opened is giving ......................free tea or coffee
today. We should go!
a up b off c away d in
139. Fruit and vegetables are less expensive this year because the farmers had a very good ............. .
a storm b drought c food d harvest
140.What ..................did you get in your maths exam?
a grade b graduate c licence d degree
141.This insect is................... . It’s smaller than a full stop!
a mass b massive c tiny d great
142.The new car factory will ........................a lot of new jobs.
a get b take c do d create
143.We couldn’t take the children to the beach, so we bought them each an
ice cream to make .........it.
a up b down c up for d down for
144. Sara works as a ................... in a hotel. She welcomes all the people who are staying there.
a receiver b receptionist c referee d representative
145.If you want to write a story, you could do a course in .............. writing.
a creative b created c made up d festival
146.I want to learn French, so I have .....................on a French course.
a entered b made c established d enrolled
147.Who is the ...................of the USA at the moment?
3rd Sec. 2021
a king b queen c president d prince

148.You study how the body works in.................... .
a physics b biology c maths d geography
149.Mohammed does a lot of charity work in his................... .
a neighbour b neighbourhood c neighbouring d neighbourly
150.My sister is not very.................. . She doesn’t like meeting new people.
a sociable b social c sociably d socially
151. The rays of the sun ……….. the statue.
a eliminate b illuminate c fabricate d regulate
152. Ziad got out of the small boat and …… it to a tree to stop it floating away.
a tied b tightened c tired d put
153. The bottom of a shoe is often made of ……….
a rubbish b rucksacks c rubber d rulers
154. We saw a ………. at the theatre today. She is a famous singer!
a celebrity b publicity c celebration d fame
155. The police ……….. the car to stop before the thieves could drive away.
a forecast b forced c made d had
156. A man ………… a gun to start the race.
a put b did c let d fired
157. It was very hot, so we sat ………… a big tree and had a rest.
a over b on c beneath d at
158. Look at that cat! It is …………. a mouse.
a chasing b running c cheating d chatting
159. Don’t go near the fire because it is giving off a lot of ……….. .
a hot b heat c warm d fire
160. Strange weather can ……… all over the world.
a occur b place c take part d land
161. There was a ……….. and all the lights went off.
a power off b power cut c cut d power station
162. The red team ……… the blue team 2–0.
a won b lost c defeated d beaten
163. My sister loves chocolate, but ……….. I prefer ice cream.
a personally b person c to me d at me
164. We didn’t …….. to go to the exhibition because there were no more tickets.
a run b manage c make d enable

3rd Sec. 2021
2. Writing
▪ Parts of speech: ‫أجزاء الكالم‬
1. Noun: A word that describes a person, a place, a thing or an idea.

.‫ االسم هو كلمة تصف شخص أو مكان أو شئ أو فكرة‬-
2. Verb: A word that expresses an action or a state of being.
‫ الفعل هو كلمة تعبر عن حدث أو حالة‬-
3. Adjective: A word that describes a noun or a pronoun.
‫ الصفة هي كلمة تصف االسم أو الضمير‬-
4. Adverb: A word that gives more details about a verb or an adj.
‫ الحال أو الظرف هو كلمة تعطي تفاصيل أمثر عن الفعل أو الصفة‬-
▪ A paragraph:
- It talks about a specific idea, only one, and at least it consists of 3-5
sentences and lines.
- It starts with an indent line “about 5 letters”. ‫مسافه صغيرة‬
▪ A paragraph Parts:
1. Introduction : Topic sentence » It introduces the main idea.
2. Body: Supporting sentences » It develops the topic sentence,
giving more details and facts about the matter.
3. Conclusion: Concluding/ Closing Sentence » It ties the ideas,
emphasising the main idea and restating the topic sentence.
▪ The paragraph characteristics: ‫مواصفاته‬

1. Coherence: ‫الترابط والتالحم‬ 2. Unity: ‫الوحده الموضوعيه‬
3. Emphasis: ‫التوكيد‬
▪ The paragraph Types:
1. Descriptive: ‫الوصفي وهو نوع أدبي يتجه الي وصف الموضوع عن طريق مخاطبة الحواس‬
2. Narrative: ‫الروائي وهو الذي يتعلق بسرد قصة قصيره‬
3. Expository: ‫التفسيري وهو يعرف ويفسر عمليه معينه ويزود القارئ بالتعليمات‬
4. Persuasive: ‫اإلقناعي وفيه يحاول الكاتب إقناع القارئ بوجه نظره الشخصية‬

3rd Sec. 2021
▪ An essay/ A paper:
- It is a formal piece of writing that talks about only one subject.
- It starts with an indent line “about 5 letters”. ‫مسافه صغيرة‬
▪ An essay Parts:
1. Introduction : Topic sentence/ thesis » It is the first paragraph of
an essay that gives a summary for the main idea.
 A hook: is an introductory sentence that works to grab the

readers’ attention to go on reading the whole essay.
2. Body: Supporting sentences » It is the second part and it could
consist of one or two paragraphs, giving more details and facts
about the matter.
3. Conclusion: Concluding/ Closing Sentence » It is the last
paragraph that emphasizes the main idea and restates the topic
sentence without repeating the same structure/ syntax ‫بدون تكرار نفس الجمل‬
▪ The essay characteristics: ‫مواصفاته‬

1. Coherence: ‫الترابط والتالحم‬ 2. Unity: ‫الوحده الموضوعيه‬
3. Emphasis: ‫التوكيد‬ 4. correctness: ‫صحة الكتابة‬
5. Development ‫تطور األفكار‬ 6. Focus ‫التركيز علي الفكره‬
▪ An Email:
- From: …. sender ‫المرسل‬
- To: … recipient ‫المرسل اليه‬
- subject: … ‫الموضوع‬
- Greetings ‫السالمات‬ - Body ‫الموضوع‬
- Closing ‫الخاتمه‬ - Signature ‫التوقيع‬
Formal Email Informal Email

Dear Sir/ Madam Hi / Hello …
No imperatives or abbreviations Use imperatives and abbreviations
Regards/ Sincerely/ Yours see you later/ Bye Bye/ Talk to
Faithfully/ Best Wishes you later!

3rd Sec. 2021
3. Grammar
Unit One
✓ Past Simple: {verb + ed/ d/ ied} ‫الماضي البسيط‬
‫ للتعبير عن حدث بدأ وانتهي في الماضي‬.1
- In 2000, we lived in England.
‫ للتعبير عن أحداث متتالية في الماضي‬.2
- I had a shower, ate a sandwich and went to school.
‫ للتعبير عن عادات حدثت في الماضي‬.3
- I used to fly a kite when I was a kid.
- Ali usually flew a kite when he was a kid.
- At the age of ten, we always went to the swimming pool.
‫‘( للتعبير عن المضارع‬d rather – it’s time – I wish) :‫ بعد التعبيرات الزمنيه اآلتيه‬.4
- I wish he was/ were here now.
- I’d rather you didn’t come late today.
- It’s time we did the HW.
used to ‫** عند وجود زمن محدد نستخدم الماضي البسيط وال نستخدم‬
- Last year, Uncle Tom travelled abroad.
- Uncle Tom used to travel in the past.
.‫ فاننها تعني أن الفاعل اليزال معتادا علي هذا الفعل‬be/ get ‫ ب‬used to ‫** عندما تسبق‬
- She is used to (driving) manual cars. be/ get + used to + v.ing/ noun
 Past simple Passive: {was/ were + p.p}
- He told me the truth. → I was told the truth.
- I didn’t fix my problems. → My problems weren’t fixed.
✓ Past Continuous: {was/ were + v.ing} ‫المــاضي المــستمر‬

‫ للتعبير عن حدث وقع في وقت محدد في الماضي‬.1
- Yesterday morning, I was cleaning my room.
.‫ للتعبير عن حدث كان مستمر في الماضي عند وقوع حدث آخر قطعه‬.2
- While I was studying, the light went out.
▪ While/ As/ Just as/ When + past continuous, past simple
▪ When + past simple, past continuous
▪
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‫ للتعبير عن حدثان استمرا في نفس الوقت بدون تقاطع‬.3

- While I was eating, mum was sleeping.
▪ While/ As/ Just as/ When + past continuous, past continuous
.‫ يتسخدم لتبرير عندم حدوث شئ في الماضي البسيط حيث أنه كان مستمرا حينها‬.4
- I didn’t answer your call because I was praying.
‫ بل نستخدم الماضي البسيط‬،‫ ال نستخدم الماضي المستمر مع أفعال الحواس واالمتالك‬.5
- While I was home, the phone rang. “Don’t say while I was being”
☻ While + v.ing ☻During + noun ☻On + v.ing
- While playing tennis, I broke my ankle. "‫"البد أن تكون الجملتين لنفس الفاعل‬
- During the film, she fell asleep.
- On hearing the shoots, the thief ran away. "‫ وتدل علي السرعة‬، ‫"عند‬
❖ While + preposition ‫حرف جر‬
- While at the office = While I was at the office.
- While on holiday = While we were on holiday.
 Past continuous passive: {was/ were + being + p.p}
- While my car was being mended, I was having a drink.
✓ Past Perfect: {had + p.p} ‫المــاضي التــام‬

.‫فعند وجود حدثين يكون هو الحدث االقدم والحدث الثاني ماضي بسيط‬،‫ للتعبير عن الحدث االول‬-
- After I had eaten my lunch, I took a nap.
.‫ يعبر الماضي التام أيضا عن حدث تم قبل وقت معين في الماضي‬-
- By 2020, I had already graduated.
- Before yesterday morning, we had finished our homework.
after, as soon as, because, as, Past Perfect Past Simple
since, when, before that
before, by the time, so, that’s why, Past Simple Past Perfect
when, after that
Past Simple (negative) till/ until Past Perfect
S. + had + no sooner + p.p than Past Simple
S. + had + hardly/ scarcely + p.p when Past Simple
It was only when Past Perfect that Past Simple
It wasn’t until Past Perfect that Past simple
Having + p.p (active)/ been + p.p (Passive) Past Simple
On + v.ing (active / being + p.p) passive Past Simple

3rd Sec. 2021
Examples:
- After mum had come, we ate our lunch.
- Before we ate our lunch, mum had come.
- Mum had come, after that, we ate our lunch.
- We didn’t eat our lunch till mum had come.
- Our lunch wasn’t eaten until mum had come.
- Mum had no sooner come than we ate our lunch.
- Mum had hardly/ scarcely come when we ate our lunch.
- No sooner had mum come than we ate our lunch.
- It was only when mum had come that we ate our lunch.
- It wasn’t until mum had come that we ate our lunch.
‫ يعقبها تكوين سؤال‬No sooner/ Hardly/ scarcely ‫☺ عندما تبدأ الجملة بـ‬
- Scarcely had I seen him when I said hello!
- No sooner had we eaten than we had a dessert.
‫ يشترط أن يكون الفاعل واحد‬،↓ ‫☺ الحظ أنه مع كل الروابط التي ال تتبع بجمله كامله مثل‬
after/ before + v.ing ، having + p.p ، on + v.ing
- After eating my lunch, I took a nap.
- Having finished the HW, I went out with my friends.
- Having been finished, the HW was checked by the teacher.
- On seeing the criminal, I called the police.
- On being seen, the criminal ran away.
‫☺ الحظ أن كل روابط الماضي التام يمكن أن تتبع بالماضي البسيط في الجملتين للدالله‬
.‫علي السرعه والتتابع وعدم وجود فاصل زمني‬
- As soon as we arrived, the lesson began.
- When I understood the lesson, I answered the quiz myself.
- It was only when he travelled that she followed him.
- Mum had no sooner slept than we turned on the computer.
- Hardly did she study when she hung out with friends.
‫( تتبع بماضي تام إن دلت علي الندم‬I wish – I’d rather) ‫☺ المصطلحات‬
.‫علي فعل تم في الماضي‬
- I wish she had come to yesterday’s party.
- He’d rather we had come earlier to the last meeting.
.‫☺ وعند وجود أكثر من حدثين فيكون األقدم ماضي تام وباقي األحداث ماضي بسيط‬
- After I saw her, I realised that we had met somewhere before.
- When we went home, we remembered that we hadn’t bought bread.
3rd Sec. 2021
☻ Choose the correct answer:

1. I didn’t answer the phone because I ………
(was playing – were playing – had played – have played)
2. I telephoned the police after I ……… the accident.
(see – have seen – had seen – was seeing)
3. We weren’t hungry because we ………
(have already eaten – had already eaten – already eating – already eat)
4. At the age of seven, my parents ……… me to Jordan.
(had taken – took – have taken – were taking)
5. I didn’t return home until I ……… my work.
(had finished – has finished – have finished - finish)
6. By the time Nada arrived, we ……… lunch, so there was nothing left for her.
(were having – had had – had – have had)
7. When I ……… my homework, my sister was helping mum.
(did – do – was doing – have done )
8. When I reached the station, the train ……… I missed it!
(left – has left – leaves – had left)
9. When I ……… the station, the train left. I caught it!
(had reached – reach – have reached – will reach)
10. I was reading a book when my friend ………
(was arriving – arrived – arrive – has arrived)
11. While I ……… at home, a man knocked on the door and asked for help.
(was being – were being – was - were)
12. She ……… ill when I visited her.
(seemed – was seeming – have seemed – had seemed)
13. While I ……… football, I fell and broke my leg.
(playing – was playing- had played - played)
14. I ……… just finished doing the exercise when my father returned home.
(have – had – would - will)
15. I was reading a book when you ……… yesterday.
(was phoning – had phoned – phoned – has phoned)
16. We ……… read any of his books before we read this one.
(didn’t read – weren’t reading – hadn’t read - haven’t read)
17. While I was finishing a story, I ……… the next one.
(planned – was planning – had planned – have planned)
3rd Sec. 2021
18. I ……… my last novel six times before I liked it.

(changes – had changed – have changed - change)
19. He first ……… a story when he was at primary school.
(had written – wrote – writing - writes)
20. She ……… it to me while I was reading a newspaper.
(gives – gave – had given – have given)
21. We ……… near a supermarket before we moved to this house.
(live – have lived – had lived – were living)
22. I sat down and did my homework ……… I had opened the windows.
(before – when – as – by the time)
23. I once ………. the newspaper every day, but now I don’t.
(was reading – used to read – had read – have read)
24. What ……….. when I called you? You sounded very busy.
(did you do – had you done – were you doing – have you done)
25. I ………. my computer for three years before anything went wrong with it.
(was having – have had – had have – had had)
26. I ……… the film before I read the book.
(have already seen – had already seen – already see – was already seeing)
27. When she was seven, she always …... breakfast before she went to school.
(eat – ate – has eaten – been eaten)
28. She (was visiting – visited – had visited – has visited) London in 2010.
29. (While – During – As soon as – When) the party, I met an old friend.
30. (While – During – As soon as – When) at the party, I met an old friend.
31. I (play – played – have played – had played) tennis every day when I was younger.
32. Somebody phoned me as I (ate – had eaten – was eating – have eaten) my dinner.
33. I (had travelled – was travelling – travel - travelled) to Cairo this morning.
34. The captain didn’t sit down until all the passengers (have left – had left – has left - leave)
35. I (was – were – have been – had been) in Alexandria a month ago.
36. Tareq (ate – was eating – had eaten – has eaten) dinner at noon yesterday.
37. When he had an idea, he (had written – wrote – writes – has written) a short story.
38. As soon as we arrived at school, the first lesson (began – had begun – begins – has begun)
39. She wrote a poem which (was won – won – had won – was winning) a prize.
40. I (was finishing – had finished – have finished - finish) my work before I took a break.
41. Having (done – doing – been done – was done) the experiment, the scientist left the lab.
42. (Having – On – Had – Having been) polished, my shoes looked new.
43. I’d rather you (didn’t borrow – hadn’t borrowed – don’t borrow) my camera last week.

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Two
✓ Present Perfect: {have/ has + p.p} ‫المــضارع التــام‬
.‫ لإلشارة لحدث وقع في الماضي بدون ذكر التوقيت‬-
:‫* الحظ الفرق بين استخدام الماضي البسيط والمضارع التام‬
- I did my homework yesterday.
- I have done my homework.
‫ للتعبير عن حدث ما يزال يؤثر في الحاضر‬-
- I can’t study because my eyes have hurt.
:‫* الحظ الفرق في استخدام المضارع والماضي التام‬
- She can’t call me because she has lost her mobile phone.
- She couldn’t call me because she had lost her mobile phone.
:‫ للتعبير عن األعداد والكميات‬-
- She has drunk much coffee this morning.
- I have read two stories and three novels.
:‫مع الكلمات الدالة اآلتية‬
[over years – up till now – so far – lately – recently – ever – never –
just – already – almost – yet – before – how long – since - for]
☻ Notice the difference:
▪ Have you finished your work yet?
▪ Have you finished your work already? – It was too much.
▪ Have you ever seen the Eiffel Tower?
▪ I’ve never seen such a beautiful flower.
▪ That’s the most beautiful flower I’ve ever seen.
▪ Have you eaten Sushi yet?
▪ Have you ever eaten Sushi before?
▪ I have not played Gulf yet.
▪ I have never played Gulf before.
▪ This is the first time I have ever tried this sport.
▪ This was the first time I had ever tried this sport.
▪ I haven’t met her for 2 years.
▪ I haven’t met her since 2 years ago.
▪ It’s / It has been 2 years since I last met her.
▪ I last met her 2 years ago.
▪ The last time I met her was 2 years ago.
3rd Sec. 2021
since for
‫بداية الحدث‬ ‫مدة الحدث‬
Names: Sunday – May – 2010 a/ an/ numbers: a day – an hour
winter – my birthday – his death 3 years – weeks – months – hours
Time: o’clock – half past – 7.00 am expressions: ages – long – the last
quarter past – quarter to – the past – a long time – a short
Past simple: yesterday – last – ago time – centuries – a while –
past sentence - then decades - as long as I can remember
How long/ for how long/ since when → present perfect

How long ago → past simple
- How long have you learned English?
- How long ago did you learn English?
Present Perfect Passive: {have/ has + been + p.p}

- I have brought some food.
- Some food has been brought by me.
have/ has gone to » ‫ذهب ولم يعد‬

have/ has been to » ‫ذهب وعاد‬
have/ has been in » ‫مكث في مكان ما‬
- Sorry, dad has gone to the supermarket.
- Where have you been? - I have been to the library.
- We have been in Suez since we were born.
Present Perfect Past Simple

- He has travelled to Aswan. - He travelled to Aswan yesterday.
- We’ve lived in Suez since 2000. - We lived in Suez in 2000.
- She has worked as a vet for years. - She worked as a vet for years
before her retirement.
- Help! I have lost my ring. - One day, I lost my ring.
- I’ve just arrived home. - I arrived home just now.

3rd Sec. 2021
‫ يستخدم للداللة علي أن‬have/ has been + v.ing ‫❖ الحظ أن المضارع التام المستمر‬
.‫الحدث بدأ في الماضي وال يزال مستمرا حتي اآلن‬
- I have been waiting for you for an hour now.
- We have been cleaning the house all day.
- I have known the truth all morning. "‫"أفعال ال تقبل االستمرار‬
1. She ……… a book about why the writer became so successful.

(had written – has written – writes – have written)
2. His books ……… children for many years.
(had influenced – have influenced – influenced - influence)
3. Belal is not here. He ……… to the dentist’s.
(has been – had been – has gone – had gone)
4. I ……… a reply to my email yet.
(didn’t receive - haven’t received – hadn’t received – don’t receive)
5. We haven’t done our work ………
(already – yet – just - now)
6. My cousin has lived abroad ……… his childhood.
(for – since – about - as)
7. I ………. busy since I started my new work.
(was – have been – had been – am)
8. Nothing like this has ……… happened to me.
(never – ever – yet - just)
9. Ahmed ………… his leg so he cannot play football today.
(has broken – broke – had broken - breaks)
10. Since he ……… famous, people have translated many of his books.
(had become – became – have become – has become)
11. This is the most interesting book I ……….
(had ever read – have never read – have ever read – was reading)
12. He ……… a lot of health problems since he started smoking.
(had – has had – had has - has)
13. Oh! I ……… my passport. What should I do?
(lost – have lost – had lost – was losing)
14. ……… a camel before?
(Had you ever ridden – Did you ever ride – Have you ever ridden – Do you ever ride)

3rd Sec. 2021
15. Leila isn’t here. She ……… out.

(has just gone – have just been – had just gone – just went)
16. We ……… at this school for ten years.
(were – have gone – have been - went)
17. Mona ……… English for ten years.
(studied – has studied – had studied – was studying)
18. My uncle has worked here ……… five years.
(for – since – about - of)
19. The plane ……… I can see it in the sky.
(just left – has just left – leaves – had just left)
20. I can’t phone my parents as I ……… my phone.
(was losing – have lost – lost – had lost)
21. His hair is wet because he ……… a shower.
(had – has – has had – was having)
22. His car ………, so he has taken it to the mechanic.
(isn’t working – wasn’t work – wasn’t working – doesn’t work)
23. People in the charity ……… me to work there three nights a week recently.
(asked – have asked – ask – had asked)
24. John ………to many countries, but he hasn’t been to German yet.
(had been – has gone – had gone – has been)
25. I’ve lived here (for – since – just - already) last year.
26. (For – Since – About - Already) how long have you studied English?
27. (For – Since – About - Already) when have you lived in your home?
28. It’s two years since we last (meet – have met – met – had met).
29. He (has never flown – had never flown – never fly – was never flying )
on a plane.
30. I have started a new business ………… . I hope it’s a success!
(already – just – since - yet)
31. ………. he had already eaten enough, he refused to eat anything else.
(Before – Since – So - While)

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Three
Relative Clauses: ‫عبــارات الوصل‬

‫استخدامه‬ ‫ضمير الوصل‬ ‫ما يأتي بعده‬
‫للعاقل‬ who subject/ verb
‫لغير العاقل‬ which subject/ verb
‫للعاقل وغير العاقل‬ that subject/ verb
‫للمفعول العاقل‬ whom subject
‫للملكية‬ whose noun
‫للمكان‬ where subject
‫للوقت‬ when subject
‫بمعني الشئ الذي‬ what subject/ verb
.‫ يأتي بعدهما فعل أو فاعل‬who, that & which -
- She is the woman who wrote two books.
- That’s the book which I bought last week.
‫ الي مضمون الجملة التي تسبقها كامله وليس لالسم فقط‬which ‫ يمكنأن تشير‬-
- I have played matches all day which makes me exhausted.
- He has got his driving licence which will help him travel by car.
‫ بدال منها‬who or which ‫ أبدا في جملة اعتراضية ونستخدم‬that ‫ ال نستخدم‬-
- The book, which I bought last week, is really interesting. Not that
- Mr Samir, who teaches us science, is always friendly. Not that
.‫ اسم يعود علي ماقبلها‬whose ‫ يجب أن يلي‬-

- Ahmed is the boy whose father is a teacher.
- I admire people whose lives are worthy. “lives here is a noun ”
.‫ ويأتي بعدهما فاعل فقط‬Where & When ‫ال نستخدم حرف جر مع‬ -
- This is the place where we often have picnics.
- Friday is the day when I visit my relatives in our village.

3rd Sec. 2021
‫ ال يأتي قبلها اسم وتكون بمعني الشئ الذي‬what ‫ عند استخدام‬-

- We’d better decide what we need to buy.
- Don’t forget what is important for you.
whose ‫ وأحيانا مع‬which & whom ‫ الضمائر الوحيدة التي قد تسبق بحروف جر هي‬-
‫ حرف الجر الذي يأتي مع هذه الضمائر يجب أن يعود علي الفعل المستخدم‬-
- This the article in which she writes about science.
- That is the stadium at which we saw the cup final.
- I saw the teacher about whom we were talking.
- I’ll show you the man at whose hotel we were staying.
:‫ يمكن حذف الضمير اذا‬-

‫ جاء بعده فاعل‬-1
- I need to talk to someone I can trust. = who I can trust.
- She bought the watch we saw yesterday. = that we saw.
p.p ‫ ونضع حينها‬، ‫ – كان األسم اسم مفعول أي أن الجمله مبنيه للمجهول‬2
- Give me the knife used for cutting meat. = which is used ..
- I know the man killed in the theft last month. = who was killed
v.ing ‫ ونضع حينها‬،‫ كان األسم اسم فاعل أي أن الجمله مبنيه للمعلوم‬-3
- I’m afraid people living in this area are infected. = people who live
- I will buy the horse winning the race. = the horse which won
Notice these examples:
- My sister is the girl whose hair is red. = My sister is the girl with red hair.
- I know the man whose jacket is blue. = I know the man in a blue jacket.
* June is the month which is when I spent my holiday abroad. “which is when= when”
* The university is the place which is where I find my friends. “which is where= where”
* The winter is coming which marks a very special time for me. “ not when”
* Women’s Day, which we celebrate in March, is an important event. “not when”
* I will go to the butcher’s which locates at the end of the street. “not where”
* I will bring the laptop from where it’s repaired.
‫ هنا بمعني من المكان الذي لألشاره لمكان غير مذكور في الجمله‬where ‫֍ استخدمنا حرف جر مع‬
but.. I will bring the laptop from the place which it’s repaired at.
3rd Sec. 2021
1. Dr Aisha, ……… father was an important man, was born in Damietta.

(that – who – whom - whose)
2. Dr Aisha, ……… is known as Bint el-Shatei, is an Egyptian writer.
3. She used to go with them to a meeting, ……… she learned a lot.
(at where – which – by which - in which)
4. Adel is my friend ……… brother won the poetry competition.
5. She wrote many books, ……….. she argued for the woman rights.
(at which – in which – by which – for which)
6. Have you seen ……… I bought from London?
(which – who – whom - what)
7. Alexandria, ……… is the second biggest city, is a wonderful place.
(that – who – whom - which)
8. Her work, ……… took up much of her personal life, is still appreciated.
(in which – what – which - that)
9. He made a bad mistake ………. he had to apologise.
(at which – to which – by which – for which)
10. Yesterday we played a long game, ………made me very tired.
(which – where – when – on which)
11. Fruit ……… ripen on the tree tastes better.
(which – whom – whose - what)
12. Aisha ,……… father is well known, is my best friend at school.
(who – that – whose - whom)
13. She’s written an article …… she describes the problems facing our country.
(at which – in that – in which – for which)
14. She went to Cairo University, ……… she studied Arabic language and literature.
(which – where – when – on which)
15. The nurse, …………….. responsibility is to look after young children,
has worked at the hospital for ten years.
a- who b- which c- what d- whose

3rd Sec. 2021
16. The person …… does most of the cooking in our family is my mother.
a- where b- when c- who d- which
17. 1837 was the year ………… Victoria became queen of Britain.
18. I've just read a newspaper article …………. the life of a famous woman
is described in detail.
a- which b- by which c- in which d- after which
19. My sister went to London University, ……….. she studied history.
a- when b- by which c- where d- that
20. Lord of the Flies is a story …………….. a group of school boys are
shipwrecked on an island.
a- in which b- to which c- at which d- by which
21. She asked me 'where I had been, ………… I replied, "It's a secret".
22. Tomorrow, I'm going to a meeting ………… we're going to discuss
women's role in society.
23. He says he's busy, ….. he really means he doesn't want to go out this
evening.
24. They said something very cruel, …….I think they should apologise.
a- in which b- to which c- for which d- by which
25. Cleopatra, ……. was very beautiful, was the last pharaoh of Egypt.
a- where b- that c- who d- which
26. Woman's Day, …… marks an important event in 1919, is on March 16.
27. Alexandria, ……… my mother was born, is in northern Egypt.
28. I have been reading about famous women…. I have found very interesting.
29. Any member ……. to make any suggestion, can attend the meeting.
a- wants b- wanting c- who want d- is wanted
30. The old man …….. in the room is my grandpa.
a- no word b- that he is c- he is d- who he is
3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Four
Distributives; all, half, both, each, every, either & neither
‫ أو مع اسم جمع وفعل جمع‬،‫ مع اسم مفرد وفعل مفرد‬all ‫֍ تستخدم‬
- All Mona’s money is at home.
- All her friends are helping her.
all the time ‫ ولكن‬، a/ an/ the ‫ الحظ التعبيرات اآلتيه بدون‬-
all day/ all night/ all morning/ all week/ all month …
‫ أو اسم جمع وفعل جمع‬،‫ قبل اسم مفرد وفعل مفرد‬half/ half of ‫نستخدم‬ ֍
- Half of the juice wasn’t good.
- Half of my friends like tennis.
‫ في التعبيرات الخاصة بالكمية‬of ‫ الحظ عدم استخدام‬-

- My house is half a kilometre from here. Don’t say half of km
- Give me half an hour to finish my work. Don’t say half of hour
.‫ وبالتالي دائما نستخدم معهااسم و فعل جمع‬، ‫ فهي تعبردائما عن أثنان‬both ‫֍ أما‬
- Both my parents are happy with the present.
- Both Mohamed and Ali are intelligent students.
both … and ….. ‫ الحظ استخدام‬-
.‫ يميل مع االثبات وليس النفي‬both/ half/ all ‫ الحظ ان استخدام‬-
:‫❖ الحظ الشكل مع ضمير الفاعل وضمير المفعول‬

▪ They all → all of them
▪ We both → both of us
▪ You each → each of you
‫ غالبا مع أسماء وأفعال مفردة‬each/ every/ neither/ either ‫֍ تستخدم‬
- Each student wears a uniform.
- Every person has a role in society.
- Neither answer is correct.
- I will stay at any hotel, either is good.
‫ نستخدم اسم جمع وفعل مفرد‬each/ neither/ either + of ‫ ولكن بعد‬-
- I don’t like either of the photos.

3rd Sec. 2021
- I like neither of the photos.

- Each of the photos isn’t good.
- Every one of my cousins is here.
:‫☺ ولكن الحظ الفعل الجمع في هذه التركيبة فقط‬
- Mt friends each have a car. but – Each of my friends has …
- The girls each are wearing dresses. but – Each of my girls is …
Each or Every??
each every
two or more three or more
can come before a verb can’t come before a verb
each of every one of
with prices with: single – nearly – almost
- I will tell the truth to each parent of mine. not every
- Each of my hands is in pain. not every
- I gave my brothers toys. Each was given 2 toys. not every
- Each of you has to do the homework. but every one of you
- These pens are three pounds each. not every
- I will live every single moment of my life as I want. not each
- She gave me nearly every penny she had. not each
- I brush my teeth three times every day. not each
Notice:
- Both my parents are coming to the party.
- Each of my parents is coming to the party.
: ‫❖ الحظ أنه ال يمكن أبدا استخدام اسماء غير معدودة مع‬
every – each – either – neither
‫֍ تستخدم‬neither ‫في جمل مثبتة لتعني وال هذا وال ذاك من شيئين أو شخصين‬
- I have poor eyesight, neither eye is strong.
‫ اسم جمع وفعل مفرد‬neither of ‫ وبعد‬، ‫ يأتي بعدها اسم مفرد وفعل مفرد‬-
- I’m travelling alone, neither friend is coming.
- I’m travelling alone, neither of my friends is coming.
:‫ و الفعل الفاعل األقرب‬neither … nor …. ‫ نستخدم معاها رابط‬-
- Neither I nor my sister is going to the wedding.
- Neither my sister nor I am going to the wedding.

3rd Sec. 2021
‫ تكوين سؤال ؟؟؟‬neither ‫* متي يلي‬

:‫ اذا بدأت بها الجملة‬.1
- Neither did I cook lunch nor mum cooked it.
:‫ تكوين سؤال‬nor ‫ و‬neither ‫ يلي‬،‫ واذا كان فاعل الجملتين واحد‬.2
- Neither will I buy cakes nor will I bake them.
:‫ يتبعا بتكوين سؤال‬،‫ جملة منفيه‬neither/ nor ‫ اذا سبقت‬.3
- She didn’t attend the conference, neither did I.
- He doesn’t like medicines, nor do I.
‫ لتعني هذا أو ذاك من شيئين أو شخصين‬either ‫֍ تستخدم‬
- I like both blouses. I’ll but either of them.
‫ باسم جمع وفعل مفرد‬either of ‫ تتبع باسم مفرو وفعل مفرد وتتبع‬-
- Either car is suitable for me. but Either of the cars is …..
‫ بمعني إما أو ويتبع الفعل الفاعل االقرب‬either ….. or ….. ‫ نستخدم الرابط‬-
- Either my brothers or dad is helping me fix my car.
‫ في جملة منفية‬either ‫ في جملة مثبته تعطي نفس معني‬neither ‫☺ الحظ أن‬
- I liked neither of the photos. = I don’t like either of the photos.
:‫ في نهاية الجملة المنفيه لتعني أيضا‬either or neither ‫☻ الحظ كيفية استخدام‬
- Sarah doesn’t like rice. – I don’t like it, either - Me, neither
The word The noun after it the verb form
all ‫اسم مفرد‬ ‫فعل مفرد‬
half ‫اسم جمع‬ ‫فعل جمع‬
both ‫اسم جمع‬ ‫فعل جمع‬
every
each
‫اسم مفرد معدود‬ of + ‫اسم جمع‬ ‫فعل مفرد‬
neither
either

3rd Sec. 2021
Choose the correct answer:

1. (All – Each – Either - Neither) the students in our class are from Cairo.
2. Every person (have – has – are having – were having) a role in society.
3. ( Both – Neither - Half – All ) answer is correct.
4. I don’t like (both – neither -either – nor) of the photos.
5. I have two brothers and (both – neither – half – none) of them are older than me.
6. I need to be good at ( each – all – both - every ) speaking and writing
English to get the job.
7. (Each – Half – Both –All) engineer in the factory was given a separate job to do.
8. (Each – Neither – Either–All) the students in my class speak English very well.
9. Poems usually have three or more verses and in (half - either - all –
every) verse, there are words that rhyme.
10. They may have (neither – either - each – every) no words that rhyme,
or words that partly rhyme.
11. When she was a child, she was good at ( every –neither - each – both )
writing and playing the piano.
12. She spent nearly (all –either - each – every) her life at home.
13. He preferred to write long letters to (all –neither - each – both) friend instead.
14. Two men wanted to marry her, but she accepted (each – neither –
either–all) of their offers.
15. I was offered tea or coffee, but I had ( each – neither – either–all ) of
them because I don’t like hot drinks
16. The cake was cut into six pieces, so three of us ate (all – half – each -
both) of it and kept the other three pieces.
17. The tour guide gave (half – all - each – either) tourist a ticket to enter the
museum.
18. My sister bought two new skirts and (half – neither - each – both) of
them are long and green.
19. Mum said that I could have (either –neither - each – both) a cheese or
a chicken sandwich.
20. I was very hungry so I had (either –neither - each – both) the cheese
and the chicken sandwich!
21. The teacher told the students that (half – either - all – every) student
had done very well in the exams.
3rd Sec. 2021
22. The film was very boring and (half –either - each – every) of the people
left before the end.
23. Tarek loves tennis and watches (half –neither - each – both) match on
television.
24. Do you prefer coffee or tea? – I like (half –neither - each – both) of
them. I don’t like hot drinks.
25. Would you like meat or fish? – I’d like (half –neither - every – both) of
them but I usually have meat.
26. Which member of the family speaks English best? - (every –neither -
each – both) of them speaks English, but my brother is the best.
27. How many students in your class live near here? – About (half –neither
- each – both) of them are from my village.
28. Which subject is your favourite? - (half –neither - every – both) one of
them is different. I don’t have a favourite.
29. Do you prefer to have a holiday on a beach or in the countryside?
– I like (half –neither - each – both), but it depends on the time of year.
30. (All – Half – Either - Both) of the five tourists had blond hair.
31. We want (half –all - each – both) visitor to leave with a smile on their face.
32. (All – Half – Each - Both) our staff members are friendly.
33. You can stay in (half –either - every – both) the three – star – hotel or the
two – star hotel.
34. (Half –Neither - Either – both) hotel has a restaurant. But there is a
lovely restaurant nearby.
35. In football matches, (all – every – each - both) team has eleven players.

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit five
So ... that, such … that & too … to, enough … to
‫ تستخدم هذه الروابط للتعبير عن النتيجة‬-

:‫ قبل الصفة أو الحال عند عدم وجود اسم‬so ‫ تستخدم‬-
{so + adj + that + sentence}
- That cake was so nice that I’ll have another one.
- They walked so slowly that they missed the train.
: ‫ فقط‬so ‫ وليس‬so much ‫ قبل صيغ المقرنه نضع‬-

- A plane is so much faster than a train.
- My book is so much more interesting than yours.
: such ‫ أما عند وجود اسم بعد الصفة نستخدم‬-

{such (a/ an) + adj + noun+ that + sentence}
- It was such a useful book that I read it twice.
- Tareq is such a friendly person that everyone likes him.
‫ فقط اذا كان االسم مفرد معدود‬a/ an ‫ مع مالحظه وضع‬-
- It was such hot weather that I preferred to stay at home.
- I met such nice girls that I liked them from the first sight.
so ‫( نضع‬many/ much/ few/ little) ‫ عند وجود اسم مسبوق بالكلمات‬-
- I have drunk so much coffee that I can’t sleep.
:‫ مع وجود اسم ولكن بترتيب مختلف للجملة‬so/ too ‫ قد نستخدم‬-

- I met so nice a girl that we became friends immediately.
- He saw too bad an accident that he felt annoyed.
:‫ يعقبها تكوين استفهامي‬So/ Such ‫ اذا بدأت الجملة بـ‬o
• So + adj. + ‫ فعل مساعد‬+ ‫فاعل‬
- So smart was he that I fell in love with him at once.
• Such + a/ an + adj. + noun + ‫ فعل مساعد‬+ ‫فاعل‬
- Such a brilliant teacher is he that I don't blink during the lesson.
3rd Sec. 2021
‫ وغالبا ما تحمل معني ايجابي‬، .. ‫ بمعني بشكل كافي لكي‬enough ‫ نستخدم قاعدة‬-
{adj./ adv. + enough + to + v.inf}
- Hamdi is tall and fast enough to be very good at basketball.
- She is clever enough to answer the difficult questions.
‫ فتستخدم بمعني جدا زيادة عن اللزوم لدرجة أال نستطيع‬too ‫ أما قاعدة‬-
‫ وهي غالبا ما تحمل معني سلبي‬،‫فعل شئ ما‬
{too + adj./ adv. + to + v.inf}
- The sea is too cold to swim in.
- The coffee was too hot to drink.
too/ enough ‫☺ الحظ عدم تكرار الضمير في آخر الجملة مع قاعدة‬

- The book was too boring to read. WITHOUT “it”
- The sea was cool enough to see in. WITHOUT “it”
‫ مثبتة‬too ‫ منفية تساوي في المعني‬enough ‫ مع مالحظة أن‬-

- It is not warm enough. = It is too cold.
- He is not fast enough. = He is too slow.

1. I’m ………………………. busy to go to work every day.
a such b enough c so d too
2. Sometimes I worked …….. hard that I had to work until late at night.
3. There are times when you can’t work hard ……. to live comfortably.
4. I worked ……… long hours that I didn’t have any time to myself.
a too b so c enough d such
5. The exercise was ……………… easy that I ﬁnished it in two minutes.
a too b so c enough d such
6. Rami is careful ………………….. to make very few mistakes.
7. This soup is …………………. hot to eat.
3rd Sec. 2021
8. The question is …………………………… for the little boy to answer.

a such difficult b difficult enough c so difficult d too difficult
9. It’s ……... an amazing play that you can’t miss it.
10. They are …… long questions that we don’t have time to answer them all.
a such a b so c enough d such
11. This is ……………….. old tree that it is amazing it is still alive
a such a b so c enough d such an
12. Today is ……………………. much hot to play tennis outside.
13. Nobody has been to the top of this mountain because it is …….to climb.
a-dangerous enough b-so dangerous c-too dangerous d-not dangerous
14. Elephants are ……… that they can push over trees.
a- so powerful b-too powerful c-powerful enough d-not powerful
15. I wanted to buy a new phone but it was ……… for me buy.
a) so expensive b) such expensive c) too expensive d) enough expensive
16. That salad was ……….. nice that I'll ask the restaurant for the recipe.
a) so b) such c) too d) enough
17. It was (so – such – too – enough) a long film that some people fell asleep
before the end.
18. The stadium is big (so – such – too – enough) to hold 50,000 spectators.
19. That ladder is (so – such – too – enough) long to be put on the back of
your car.
20. This book is (so – such – too – enough) famous that nearly everyone has read it.
21. The hat was (so – such – too – enough) small. I couldn’t wear it.
22. The hat wasn’t big (so – such – too – enough) to wear.
23. The boys ran (so slow – such slowly – too slowly– enough) to win the race.
24. Ola is intelligent (so – such – too – enough) to pass the exam easily.
25. Hamdi is (so – such – too – enough) a strong man that he’s good at weight lifting.
26. Hana felt (so – such – too – enough) tired to come to school.
27. Is it ever (so – such – too – enough) hot to play games in the park?!
28. Such an interesting book (it’s – is it – it has – it was) that I wanted to
read it again.
29. The story was (so – such – too – enough) difficult to believe? What happened?
30. Is it ever (too cold – cold enough – such cold – so cold) to snow in Egypt?

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Six
Passive forms; Present, future and infinitive
‫ المستقبل والمصدر‬،‫ المضارع‬:‫أشكال المبني للمجهول‬
.‫ نستخدم المبني للمجهول لتوضيح أن الحدث أكثر أهمية من الفاعل نفسه‬-

p.p ‫ ثم يتبعه‬،‫ في نفس زمن الجملة‬v.to.be ‫ يتكون المبني للمجهول بشكل عام من‬-
‫ الفاعل في نهاية الجملة‬+ by ‫ يمكن استخدام‬-
Present simple passive:- [am/ is/ are + p.p]

- We always take the bottles for recycling.
- The bottles are always taken for recycling.
Present continuous passive :- [am/ is/ are + being + p.p]

- The chef is preparing lunch now.
- Lunch is being prepared now.
Future simple passive:- [will + be + p.p]

- The teachers will mark the exams tomorrow.
- The exams will be marked tomorrow.
Modals ‘going to/ can/ may’ [modal + be + p.p]

- We could see many tourists in the pool.
- Many tourists could be seen in the pool.
- The government is going to build a new road.
- A new road is going to be built.

3rd Sec. 2021
1. I ……… with two other astronauts to a secret station.

(am taking – will take – am being taken – will be take)
2. There are two or three little things that ……... at.
(need looked – need be looked – need to be looking – need to be looked)
3. All the equipment ……..
(will be examined – will be examining – will examine – are examined)
4. Today, we ……… a lot of training.
(give – are given – are being given – will give)
5. We ……… exactly what to do in these situations.
(are telling – should be telling – are told – are be told)
6. I am sure you ………… by a lot of journalists after your mission.
(are interviewing - will be interviewed – are going to be interviewed – will interview)
7. The international space station ……… in the sky every night.
(is being seen – will be seen – is seen – was being seen)
8. Many astronauts ……… into space from many countries.
(will send – will be send – will be sent – are sending)
9. A new station ……….. in the future.
(is built – will be built – should be build – was built)
10. A lot of photos of the astronaut ………
(are taking – are being taken – will taken – is being taken)
11. The hotel room ………. next month.
(are decorated – are decorating – will be decorating – will be decorated)
12. The internet ………. everywhere.
(is used – is being used – is being using – is using)
13. My car needs ………..
(repaired – to be repaired – to repair – be repaired)
14. Let’s hurry. The plane is going to ………
(take off – be taken off – is taken off– been taking off)
15. A lot of food ……… every day.
(are sold – is being sold – should be sold – is sold)
16. Is the exercise ……… now?
(been done – being done – done – be done)

3rd Sec. 2021
17. I think fewer letters …………in the future.

(will be write – will be written – will write – should written)
18. School rules ………..
(should be follow – must been followed – have to been followed – are follow)
19. English ……… everywhere by millions of people.
(will be spoke – is spoken – should been spoken – are spoken)
20. A lot of bread ……….. at the baker’s today.
(are baked – is baked – is being baked – is baking)
21. The windows ………… today.
(going to clean – will be clean – are going to be cleaned – are cleaning)
22. More electric cars …………. than last year.
(were sold – are sold – are been sold – will be selling)
23. The amount of energy we use must ………
(be reducing – be decreased – be reduced – be decrease)
24. Meat ………... well before we eat it.
( will cooked – should being cooked - should be cooked – may be cook)
25. He ………. where to park his car when he gets there.
(was told – is telling – will be told – will tell)
26. The TV programme about space ……….. at the moment.
(is being shown – is shown – will be shown – has been shown)
27. These toys ………. in many shops near here.
(are sold – are selling – will sold – are been sold)
28. The children ( take – taken – took -are being taken ) to the park today.
29. There is a hole in the roof, which needs to be ( looking – look – is looked - looked ) at.
30. Your homework (will be – will have –will - is going to ) marked tomorrow.
31. What can ( see – saw – will see - be seen ) from your classroom window?
32. Are any new buildings going to (build – will build - be built – are built)
in your area
33. Which rules must (be – to be – have been – being) followed at your
school and at home?
34. What could be (done – do – did – will do) in your area to make it safer
for young children?
35. Could your maths problem (is solved – being solved – be solved – been solved)?
36. Heat (is come – is being come – comes - came) from the sun.
37. The old house (is collapsed – was collapsed – collapsed – had been
collapsed) last night.

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Seven
Past Passive Forms: ‫أزمنة الماضي المبنية للمجهول‬
Past simple passive:- [was/ were + p.p]
- The government built a new school in the village last year.
- A new school was built in the village last year by the government.
Past continuous passive :- [was/ were + being + p.p]

- They were decorating my house all day yesterday.
- My house was being decorated all day yesterday.
Past Perfect Passive:- [had + been + p.p]

- Mother hadn’t made the bread before we went to bed.
- Bread hadn’t been made before we went to bed.
Important Notes:
 It is/ was (said/ thought/ believed) that + sentence”
* They say she comes first.
- It’s said that she comes first.
* People thought that we travelled abroad.
- It was thought that we travelled abroad.
 Subject + is/ was (said/ thought/ believed) to + v.inf [Present]

* Someone has believed that I am a liar.
- I have been believed to be a liar.
* They suppose that Mark is my nephew.
- Mark is supposed to be my nephew.
 Subject + is/ was (said/ thought/ believed) to + have + p.p [Past]

* The police suspected that she killed her husband.
- She was suspected to have killed her husband.
* They said that all the students passed the exams.
- All the students were said to have passed the exams.
- The exams were said to have been passed by all the students.

3rd Sec. 2021
1. Radar ……………………… for the first time, to help planes to land.

a) used b) is using c) was be used d ) has been used
2. Many science articles by Clarke …….. published in magazines before
the war ended.
a) had b) has been c) had been d ) have been
3. His science fiction stories …………………. in magazines.
a) published b) were published c) were publishing d ) are publishing
4. Scientists and technicians knew that Clarke ………. asked about
spaceships and satellites by many people.
a) can be b) to be c) could be d ) had
5. Clarke ..….. to work on a film for the famous director Stanley Kubrick.
a) asked b) has asked c) had asked d ) was asked
6. The film …… watched by many millions of people since it was made in 1968.
a) has been b) has c) had been d ) have been
7. There are now parts of space that have ……………. after him.
a) been b) been named c) named d ) to be
8. This picture ……… painted in the nineteenth century.
a) had been b) was c) has been d ) were
9. When we went into the hotel room, the beds …….. not been made.
a) are b) were c) will d) had
10. This funny photo on the internet is very popular. It ….. to hundreds of people!
a) sent b) has been sent c) was sent d ) to be sent
11. By last summer, a new factory ………
(was built – has been built – had been built – were being built)
12. When my father went home, his dinner ………
(has done – has been done – was making – was being made)
13. I had waited at the garage until my car ………
(was repaired – was repairing – has been repaired - repaired)
14. My mobile ……… in the sports club yesterday.
(lost – had lost – got lost – had been lost)
15. The first rocket ……… into space in 1944.
(sent – was being sent – was sending – was sent)
3rd Sec. 2021
16. How many people ……… into space?

(did send – was sent - have been sent – will have sent)
17. Many spaceships ……… to the moon before Apollo 11.
(were being flown – had been flown – have been flown – were flown)
18. In 1959, photos of the dark side of the moon ………
(was seen – have seen – could be seen – had been seen)
19. New bridges ……… in Cairo recently.
(were built – will be built – have been built – could be built)
20. When we arrived at the hotel, our room ……….
(was preparing – were prepared – was being prepared – had prepared)
21. The computer ………by the teacher yesterday.
(was checked – was being checked – had been checked – will be checked)
22. The house ……… before the party.
(had decorated – had been decorated – was decorating - decorated)
23. When we arrived at the theater, the actors ……….
(had been photograph – were being photographed – were photograph
– have been photographed)
24. This library book is very old. I think it ……… by a lot of people.
(had been read – was read – is read – has been read)
25. The hotel ………before the flats were built.
(had been built – have been built – has been built – will be built)
26. I ……… to the tennis competition by the bus.
(were taken – took – was taken – had been taken)
27. Some trees ……… in the park.
(were cut – have be cut – would been cut – should be cutting)
28. After the storm, some scientists ………. to the beach.
(had been sent – were sent – have sent – are sent)
29. A lot of wood and plastic bottles ……… by yesterday.
(found – were found – had been found – will be found)
30. I ………. one of the scientists last summer.
(interviewed – was interviewed – had interviewed – have been interviewed)
31. Many of Naguib Mahfouz’s articles ……… in the newspaper.
(published – came out – were publish – were come out)
32. He ……… completely by the next summer.
(would be recover – will have recovered – be recovered - recover)
3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Eight
Causative; have and get ‫السببية‬
‫ انما جعل شخص آخر يقوم به‬،‫ نستخدم هذه القاعدة لالشارة الي أن الفاعل لم يفعل الفعل بنفسه‬-
:‫ نستخدم هذا التكوين في الشكل المبني للمعلوم هكذا‬-
subject + have + object + v.inf
subject + get + object + to + v.inf
- The teacher had us do some extra work today.

- Please get Yasser to help you.
:‫ ونستخدمه للتعبير عن المبني للمجهول هكذا‬-
Subject + have/ get + object + p.p

- I have had my hair cut.
- I usually get my room cleaned.
:‫ قد تستخدما في كل األزمنة‬get & have ‫ الحظ أن‬-

- We always get our clothes washed.
- I had my teeth checked yesterday.
- Ali is getting his car repaired.
:‫ الفاعل في نهاية الجمبة المبنية للمجهول‬+ by ‫ يمكنك وضع‬-

- I am having my homework checked by the teacher.
:‫ تأتي أيضا هذه القواعد في السؤال‬-
- Did you have your meal prepared? - Yes, mum did it for me.
- Do they get their shoes polished? - No, I always do it myself.
Verbs + v.inf Verbs + to + v.inf

have get / allow/ permit
let convince/ persuade
make force/ ask

3rd Sec. 2021
Choose the correct answer:
1. Parents should ……. their children to limit the amount of time they
spend using mobile phone
a) get b) have c) let d) make
2. They should also get them … off their mobile phones when they go to sleep.
a) turning b) turn c) turned d) to turn
3. We are eating in a restaurant tonight because our parents … our kitchen painted.
a) had b) have c) are having d) have to
4. They …. ten students move into a house with a mobile phone mast in the garden.
a) had b) has c) got d) get
5. I (got - had – have – get) Ali to go to the sports club with me, although
he didn’t want to go.
6. Mother had Soha (tidy - to tidy – tidied – to tidying ) her room before
she went out.
7. Before the meeting, the manager always gets the reports (to type –
type -typed – typing).
8. Dina ( allowed – makes - has – does ) the flat cleaned every week
9. Ali had his eyes (tested – test – to test - testing) last week.
10. He asked the painter (painted – paint – painting – to paint) his house last week.
11. Tareq gets his photos (printed – printing – to print – to be printed).
12. The PE teacher had us (ran – run – to run – to running) around the
playground four times.
13. If you don't know how to use the computer, (let – make – have – get)
your son to help you .
14. My cousins got some money (sent – to send – to be sent - sending) by my uncle.
15. How often do you get your teeth (check – to check –checking – checked)
at the dentist's.
16. I can't use my bike because I am having it ( repaired – to repair –
repairing – be repaired )
17. We don't always (had – have – will have – are having) our car washed.
18. My parents get the plants (water – watering – to water – watered) at the weekend.
19. I (have – will have – am having – had) my house decorated next week.

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Nine
Reported Statement ‫تحويل الجملة الخبرية الي غير مباشر‬

‫ للتحويل لغير المباشر علينا إرجاع الزمن خطوة للخلف‬-
‫ للربط ويمكن عدم استخدامها‬that ‫ يمكنك استخدام‬-
‫ تتبع بجملة كاملة‬Say ‫ البد أن يتبع بمفعول بينما‬tell ‫ الحظ أن‬-
:‫ ال تنسي تغيير الضمائر والكلمات التي تشير إلي الزمان والمكان‬-
Direct Indirect Direct Indirect
Now Then Ago Before/earlier
Today That day This That
Tonight That night These Those
Here There at the moment at that moment
Tomorrow The next day Yesterday The day before
The following/ The previous day
coming day The last day
The day after
Next (week) The (week) after Last (week) The (week) before
The following/ The previous
coming (week) (week)
The next (week) The last (week)
- “I like tennis and I played a good game this morning.”

- She said that she liked tennis and she had played a good game that morning.
- “It is an easy test today.”

- He told me that it was an easy test that day.
- “I want to visit Cairo next week.”
- She said that she wanted to visit Cairo the following week.
‫ اذا كانت الجملة في زمن الماضي التام ال يتغير زمنها‬-
‫ اذا كان في الجملة فعل ناقص ماضي ال يتغير زمنه أيضا‬-
- “We could see the mountain after we had reached the top of the tower.”
- He said that they could see the mountain after they had reached …
‫ الحظ أن الحقائق العلمية ال يتغير زمنها‬-
- “The Nile is the longest river in the world.”
- The teacher told us that the Nile is the longest river in the world.
3rd Sec. 2021
‫او اذا كانت هناك داللة علي أن الكالم قيل حديثا فال نغير الزمن‬, ،‫ اذا كان فعل القول زمنه مضارع‬-
- “I am ready for the exam.”
- Ahmed says that he is ready for the exam.
- Mum has just said “we are travelling to Alex tomorrow”.
- Mum has just said that we are travelling to Alex the day after.
‫ ال يتغير الزمن أيضا اذا لم تتغير الكلمات الزمنيه‬-
- She said that she (played – had played) a match yesterday.
: ‫ هناك أيضا تعبيرات وقواعد زمنية ثابته ال تتغير مثل‬-
* would rather/ had better/ used to / all conjunctions "‫"كل الروابط‬
- He said to me, “I used to play tennis when I was a kid.”
- He told me that he used to play tennis when he was a kid.
* I wish/ I’d rather/ It’s time + past simple ‫ال يتغير الماضي البسيط‬
- I wish that you were here now.
- He said that he wished that I were there then.

1. He (said – asked – told- say) he wouldn't be able to sleep until he had
finished the homework.
2. She (asked – told – complained – ordered) that she had waited for an
hour for her appointment.
3. They promised that they (phone – would phone – will phone – phones)
us as soon as they arrived.
4. He admitted that he (arrived – has arrived – had arrived – will arrive)
late the night before.
5. She explained that she (hopes – would hope - hoped -was hoping) to visit
me the following week.
6. He agreed that he would not tell anyone what I (say – saying – will say - had said).
7. Warda said just now that she (is – had been – were - was) hungry.
8. He said that when he (go – has been - will be- had been) to the museum,
he saw the statues.
9. Mona said loudly that that animal (is – was – had been – has been) dangerous.
10. He admitted that he lost the pen that I (lend – lent – had lent – were
lending) him.
3rd Sec. 2021
11. I agreed (to start – started – had started - starting) revising this night.
12. Tareq said that they were hot because they (were been playing – have
been playing – had been playing – are playing) sports.
13. She said to her friend that her brother (is helping – was helping –
helped – had helped) her that afternoon.
14. He promises that he (will be – would be – was – had been) home
tomorrow morning.
15. He said he (passes – would pass – pass - had passed) his driving test the
previous year.
16. He told me that he (is working – works –was working -had been
working) as a sales assistant.
17. He explained that his uncle (was helping – helps – helped - help) him then.
18. He said that his uncle (sold – had sold – has sold - sells) their products
for many years.
19. He said that he was sociable and he (enjoy – will enjoy – would enjoy –
has enjoyed) talking to the customers.
20. I told him that we (weren’t interviewing – aren’t interviewing –
wouldn’t interviewing – hadn’t interviewed) any more people today.
21. I promised that I (will contact – had contacted – contacted – would
contact) him on Saturday morning.
22. Nadia said that she (is taking – was taking – had taken - took) an
English test the following week.
23. My mother suggested (to study – studying – had studied - studied) then.
24. She admitted (know – to know – not knowing – had known) the
vocabulary they needed to know.
25. He explained that he (has – had – had been – was had) lots of time to study.
26. He promised (would help – to help – will help – had helped) me if I want.
27. Ahmed said just now that his father (is – was – had - has) a doctor.
28. He admitted that he (made – had made – has made – were making)
a mistake the night before.
29. Nahla told me that I (am – were – has been – were being) a good friend.

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Ten
Reported questions: ‫تحويل السؤال الي غير مباشر‬
‫ عند تحويل السؤال يجب أن نرجع بالزمن خطوة الي الماضي‬،‫ كما سبق في تحويل الجملة‬-
‫ يجب أن نغير الضمائر وظروف الزمان والمكان‬-
: ‫ بل نستخدم أفعال استفهامية مثل‬say or tell ‫ يجب أال نستخدم الفعل‬-
Asked – inquired – wanted to know - wondered
‫ فقط قد تتبع بمفعول أو ال أما باقي األفعال فال تتبع بمفعول أبدا‬Asked ‫ ولكن الحظ أن‬-
‫ يجب أن نغير الترتيب االستفهامي الي ترتيب خبري و نحذف عالمة االستفهام‬-
‫ في السؤال الذي يبدأ باداة استفهام نربط بنفس كلمة االستفهام‬-
if or whether ‫ نربط بـ‬، ‫ وفي السؤال الذي يبدأ بفعل مساعد ونجيب عنه بنعم أو ال‬-
Examples:
- What did you do yesterday?

- I asked Ali what he had done the day before.
- Where will you go next week?
- She asked him where he would go the following week.
- Do you often write poems?
- I asked him if/ whether he often wrote poems.
- Where did you eat?
- She asked me where I had eaten.
should ‫ تحول الي‬،‫ تعبر عن االقتراح‬shall ‫ اذا كانت‬-
- Shall we go now?
- He asked me if/ whether we should go then.
‫ الحظ أن الصيغ التاليه ليست غير مباشر يتبعها تكوني خبري وزمن مضارع وعالمه استفهام‬-
- Do you know where the manager is?
- Could you please tell me why you come here?
- May you tell me how I can go to the nearest bank?
3rd Sec. 2021

1. She (told – said – asked - wondered) me what happened to her during the holiday.
2. I (said – asked – told - advised) him how I had solved all my problems.
3. He asked me (what – why – where - if) I knew that his sister had been ill.
4. I (wondered – asked – inquired – wanted to know) him if he could tell
me about his career.
5. They asked him what he (does – had done – do – are doing) as an
ambassador to the United States.
6. I asked him (which – weather – if - what) he had helped students at
Oxford University.
7. We asked him if he (can – could – had - will) talk about Spring Rice’s writing.
8. They asked him why (had he written – he has written – he had written
– is he writing) such poems.
9. She asked me if I (have – has – had – had been) a pencil.
10. I asked how old he (is – was – had been – had gone) when he’d gone to Egypt.
11. They asked me where (was I living - I was living – am I living – I’m
living) at the moment.
12. She wondered ( weather- whether – where – why ) my sister had gone
to school or not.
13. She said to me “(you will study – would you study – will you study – you’d
study) abroad?”
14. Dad asked me if (am I – was I – I was – I were) well organised.
15. She asked me which subjects (are you studying – am I studying – I’m
studying – I was studying) next year.
16. He asked what (is his name – his name had been – his name was – was his name)
17. He explained that we (are studying – were studying – had studied - studied)
an English poet at that moment.
18. He wanted to know (if – what – how - who) wrote novels.
19. He wondered if he (can – could – can’t - may) read one of his poems.
20. She asked if she (shall bring – should bring – should brought – had brought)
the book after the next lesson.
21. He said that Thomas Hardy (wrote – had written – is writing – shall write)
many books.
22. We wanted to know (what – who – where - do) they thought of his idea.

3rd Sec. 2021
23. Rawia asked Kholoud what she (has done – does – would do - had
done) the evening before.
24. Hany asked Fady whether he (went – had gone –goes-could go) to the
museum the next day.
25. The teacher (wanted – said – told – promised) to know whether we had
found the homework easy or difficult.
26. Leila wondered if we (shall go – will go – can go -should go) to the park.
27. Imad wants to know whether Hesham ( go – will go – can go -would go)
to university.
28. First, I asked Andy where the poet (grows up - has grown up - grew up
- had grown up).
Unit Eleven
Reported imperative, suggestions and advice
‫تحويل األمر واالقتراح والنصيحة للمبني للمجهول‬
:‫ للتحويل للمبني للمجهول نتبع القاعدة االتية‬-
Subject + reporting verb + object + to/ not to + v.inf
ask/ tell/ advise/ encourage ‫ الي فعل من أفعال التبليغ مثل‬say ‫يجب تحويل‬ -
‫ وال ننسي تحويل الضمائروتحويل ظروف الزمان والمكان‬-
Examples:
- “Open your books.”
- The teacher asked/ told/ ordered us to open our books.
- “Don’t waste your time.”
- My father advised me not to waste my time.
- “Study science at university.”
- Ali encouraged his friend to study science at university.
- “If I were you, I’d take my coat.”
- My mother advised me to take my coat.
- “Don’t park here.”
- The policeman said that we mustn’t park there.
- (Or) The policeman ordered us not to park there.
3rd Sec. 2021
:‫ يمكن استخدام قاعدتين‬suggest/ recommend ‫ الحظ أنه بعد االفعال‬-

Suggest/ recommend + v.ing (or) + + that + ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫مصدر‬
- “Do exercise 2 again.”

- She suggested doing exercise 2 again/that I (should) do exercise 2 again.
- “You should revise quietly.”
- My friend recommended revising quietly/ that I (should) revise quietly.
recommend + object + to + v.inf : ‫ فقط‬recommend ‫* وهناك قاعدة إضافية لـ‬

- I recommended her to go for a swim.
- He recommends me to have lunch outside.
: v.inf or should + v.inf ‫֍ أفعال ومصطلحات أخري تتبع بـ‬

ask – insist – advise – It’s important/ essential/ vital/ necessary
- It’s vital that Sama should see a dentist.
- I insist that you play a sport at the club.
- He advised me that I should sleep early /to sleep early.

1. My friend said “(not to – to – to not -Don’t) apply for the same kind of job.”
2. A friend warned me (to – to not - not to – don't) apply for the same kind of job.
3. He also advised me (not – to- do not – didn't) retrain as soon as possible.
4. My husband suggested that I (will study – am going to – shall study-
study) languages.
5. My wife encouraged me (to – don't - not to – from) waste time.
6. The teacher ( says – said – ask – ordered ) us to open our books at page 20.
7. My mother recommended that we (are wearing- should wear – wearing
– would wear) coats.
8. The teacher (said – warned – wondered - encourage) the children to
look right and left before crossing the street.
9. My parents advised me (to – that – if - weather) do exercise every day.
10. The teacher ordered the class, “(To do – Never do – Do – Not to do)
your best in the exam.”
3rd Sec. 2021
11. She advised me to (arrive – arrives – arrived – had arrived) early.

12. Tareq suggested (watch – to watch – watching - watched) the film.
13. My friend (said - told – inquired – wondered) me not to sit on the wall.
14. The referee (said – advise – said to -ordered) the player to stop the game.
15. I (told – ordered – was asked - encouraged) to pay for the shirt over there.
16. My friend warned me (from – of – to - at) the fast cars.
17. I recommended my partner that he (read – reads – reading – to read)
a good book.
18. He encouraged me (to – not – don’t – never to) be nervous before a match.
19. I (warned – told – asked - ordered) my friend for advice as I have a bad
headache.
20. We were hungry, so my father suggested (going – went – go- to go) out
for lunch.
21. Ahmed is good at football, so we encouraged him (not to – to - for –
don't) join the school team.
22. Sawsan asked Randa if she (apply – applied – had applied - applying)
for the job at the bank.
23. Randa explained that she (hadn’t – didn’t have – doesn’t have – have
no) the right qualifications.
24. She advised her (sending – send – should sent – to send) the hotel her CV.
25. She also asked her (to – not to – that - if) wait until next week, or it will
be too late.
26. The tour guide (advise – suggested – warned - said) the tourists not to
go into the desert on their own.
27. Maya advised Ola (to – not to – don't – never) start revising for the test.
28. Teacher (advise – begged – wondered – ordered) the students to stop
running in the corridor.
29. The doctor asked me (don't – never – too - to) take off my jacket.

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Twelve
Modal verbs of necessity, prohibition and lack of necessity

‫ التحريم وعدم الضرورة‬، ‫األفعال الناقصة الدالة علي الضرورة‬
Must & have to

▪ Have to/ have got to/ need to/ be to + v.inf
‫ مع وجود الزام خارجي لفعله‬،‫ أي انك مجبر علي هذا الفعل‬،‫ تستخدم عندما ال يكون هناك خيار آخر‬-
- You have to show your passport when you leave your country.
- People in England have to retire at the age of sixty.
▪ Must + v.inf
‫ للتعبير عن رغبة قوية تنبع من داخل االنسان‬-
- I must study hard before my exam.
- You must stop smoking. ‫لتقديم نصيحة قوية‬ -
- You must come and have lunch with us. ‫لتقديم دعوة حارة‬ -
‫للتعبير عن أهمية شئ بوجه عام نذكر أنفسنا بيه‬ -
- We must buy a present for Ali’s birthday.
- Drivers must stop when the traffic light is red. .‫لنص القانون والالفتات‬ -
- You must not step on the grass.
The past ‫المـاضي‬
had to ‫ هو‬have to ‫ لذلك فان الماضي منها ومن‬، must ‫ ال يوجد ماضي من‬-
- We had to do a test at school today.
The negative form ‫النـفي‬
- Mustn’t : for prohibition ‫للتعبير عن التحريم‬

- You mustn’t park here. It’s not allowed.
- Don’t/ doesn’t have to/ need to (or) needn’t: ‫تستخدم للتعبير عن عدم الضرورة‬
- She isn’t late for school. She doesn’t have to/ needn’t take a taxi.
- I’ll give you a lift, you don’t have to/ needn’t taka a taxi.

3rd Sec. 2021
Remember!
- I didn’t have to buy more bread. We already have a lot.
‫ هنا أنا لم اكن مضطرا أن اشتري خبزا فلم أشتري‬، ‫ تعني عدم وقوع الحدث‬didn’t have to ‫ الحظ أن‬-
- I needn’t have bought more bread. We already have a lot.
‫ فهنا أنا اشتريت خبزا ولم يكن‬،‫ فتعني وقوع الحدث والندم عليه‬needn’t have + p.p ‫ أما‬-
‫ضروري أن افعل‬
Word Negative Past Negative

must mustn’t had to didn’t have to
have to don’t have to had to didn’t have to
hasto doesn’t have to had to didn’t have to
have got to haven’t got to had to didn’t have to
has got to hasn’t got to had to didn’t have to
need to don’t need to needed to didn’t need to
needn’t
am/ is/ are to am not/ isn’t/ was/ were to wasn’t/ weren’t
aren’t to to
 Notice!
:‫ اال اذا جائت كأسم‬، ‫ أبدا‬to ‫ بـ‬must ‫▪ ال تتبع‬
- You must study hard.
- It’s a must to study hard.
‫ لذا يمكن استخدامها في وجود أفعال ناقصه أخري مثل‬، ‫ هي فعل ناقص‬must ▪
will / can / may / do / does / am / is / are ….
‫ تفيد المنع‬mustn’t ‫ واضح حيث أن‬mustn’t and don’t have to ‫▪ الفرق بين‬
‫ ومساويتها تعني فقط أنك غير مضطر لفعل شئ معين‬don’t have to ‫ أما‬، ‫والتحريم‬
- At the library, you don’t have to read a certain book but you mustn’t
make a noise.
- You needn’t wear a coat, it’s hot . ‫ أبدا‬to ‫ بـ‬needn’t ‫▪ ال تتبع‬

3rd Sec. 2021
1. You (had - will have – must - should) to buy a ticket before you travel
on the train.
2. Mona (didn’t – needn't – doesn't – don't) have to take her sunglasses
because it was cloudy.
3. I (had - has – must – should) to do the maths exercise again as I got it
all wrong.
4. We’ve moved to a new house so you (need – don't need – have - must)
come round and see it.
5. You (shouldn’t - needn’t have – don’t have to – didn’t have to) cleaned
the windows because a man comes to wash them every week.
6. We ( had - have – must - should ) to pass our exams to get into university.
7. They (had to - have – must - should) leave the school early yesterday.
8. I (had - will have – must - need) stop eating sweets! They are bad for me.
9. He was already at the sports centre when I arrived, so I (shouldn’t -needed -
didn’t have to – mustn’t) send him a text telling him to meet us there.
10. Tarek ( needn't – must - should – doesn’t have ) get the bus to the park.
We'll take him in our car.
11. At the airport, what do you (must – have – should - ought) to show
before you go on a plane?
12. In the park, is it true that you (mustn’t – needn’t – don’t have to –
didn’t have to) step on the grass?
13. The students (didn't have - needn't have - had to – must) written all
those notes. All the information is typed for them.
14. My sister made a cake. You ( must - have to – had to – needn't ) try it.
It’s lovely!
15. We can walk to the park, but we ( don't need - don’t have to - mustn’t
– need ) do as the bus goes there.
16. You (must – should - mustn’t - don’t have to) run next to the swimming
pool. You'll fall over.
17. In England, most people (must – have to – should - need) work until
they are 67.

3rd Sec. 2021
18. I (have to buy – needn’t have bought – must buy – should buy) some
bread from the shops. Don’t let me forget.
19. Poor Walid broke his leg yesterday and (has to – must- had to – need
to) go to hospital.
20. You ( mustn't – needn't – don't have to – should ) take photos here. It's
a military area .
21. We (needn’t have - didn’t have to - had to - have to) run to the museum
because it was already closed when we got there.
22. You (had - have – must - should) to have a passport to travel abroad.
23. You (needn’t – mustn’t – don’t have to – shouldn’t) park here. It says
‘No Parking’.
24. You (needn’t – mustn’t – don’t have - must) park here. There’s a better
place to park.
25. It’s my first competition. You (have to– mustn’t – don’t have - must)
come and see me tomorrow.
26. We (must – have to – need - ought) read a summary of a book in
English next week.
27. She (must – have – had - should) to help her husband by working in his
shop.
28. She (didn’t have to – needn’t have – mustn’t – shouldn’t) worried
because the book was very successful.
29. I (mustn’t – need – don’t have to – needed) read A Wrinkle in Time for
school. It’s optional.
30. You (must – have to – need – needn’t) come round to my house when
you have finished work.

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Thirteen
Modal verbs of deduction, advice and regret

‫ النصيحة والندم‬، ‫األفعال االناقصة لالستنتاج‬
‫الماضي‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫االستخدام‬

must have + p.p must + v.inf ‫أكيد حصل‬
can’t have + p.p can’t + v.inf ‫مستحيل يكون حصل‬
may/ might/ could (not) have may/ might/ could ‫احتمال يكون حصل‬
+ p.p (not) + v.inf
should have + p.p ‫للندم‬ should (not) + v.inf
‫للنصيحة‬
ought (to) have + p.p ‫ واللوم‬ought (not) to + v.inf
must/ can’t+ have been +p.p must/ can’t + be + p.p
may/ might/ could may/ might/ could ‫المجهول‬
should/ ought to should/ ought to
Examples:
- Ali must be happy. He has just won a gold medal.
- Nadia lived in England for 20 years, so she must speak English well.
- It must have been cold there. There is snow on the ground in the photo.
- He can’t be cold. He isn’t wearing a jacket.
- They can’t have had lunch. Their food is in the fridge.
- The tourist might be American because he has an English guidebook.

- My uncle might not return today.
- I can’t find my book. It might have been left at home.
- We didn’t see him at the sports club today. He might not have been there.
- In summer, tourists should wear a hat and ought not to sit in the sun.
- You shouldn’t have arrived late for exam.
- I’m sorry! I ought to have come on time.
- You shouldn’t have driven so fast. We could have had an accident.

‫ تعني أنه كان من الممكن أن يحدث ولكنه لم يحدث‬could have + p.p

3rd Sec. 2021
1. You (should – can’t – ought - must) to take an underground train.

2. The underground (must have – can’t have – may have – should have)
made travelling around Cairo easier.
3. The underground (might be – must have been – might have been –
can’t be) cheaper in the past. We don’t know.
4. The underground system is very good. I (must have used – should have
used – can’t have used – may have used) it before.
5. They expect there (might be – should be – can’t be – must be) six lines
when the project is finished.
6. Ali (can’t travel – must travel – can’t have travelled – must have
travelled) to Alexandria this morning. He is in bed.
7. Mona forgot that we have a test tomorrow. She (must have started – may
have started – should have started – should start) revising last night.
8. It (may – might – must – can’t) expensive travelling around London.
Bus and underground tickets cost a lot of money.
9. Omar thinks that he did very well in the exam. He (must – should –
might – can’t) get the best result in the class.
10. Look! It’s raining. I (can’t have brought – ought to have brought –
must have brought – may have brought) un umbrella.
11. Ali fell off his bike this morning. He hurt his head. He (should be –
must have been – should have been – can’t be) more careful.
12. They are all putting their umbrellas up. It (must have started – can’t
have started – must start – should have started) raining.
13. She took her driving test last week. She (must be – can’t be – may be –
must have been) happy now.
14. My friend told me that the H.W was on page 41, but there isn’t page 41.
He (may have forgot – must have forgot – can’t have forgot – may forget).
15. All the goats are in the road. Karim (must have shut – can’t have shut –
shouldn’t have shut – may have shut) the gate.
16. She called me from a friend’s phone. She (must have – can’t have –may
– may have) lost her mobile phone.

3rd Sec. 2021
17. It (can’t have – can’t – must have - must) been very nice travelling in a
tunnel of steam.
18. He (must have – can't have – didn't have – can have) missed his train.
He will have to wait two hours until the next train comes.
19. There (must – should - can't - might ) have been a sandstorm. The
streets are covered in sand.
20. Ali (must – mustn't- can't - might ) have forgotten. He's got very good memory.
21. My friend rang me at five but I didn’t answer. I (must be – can’t be -

must have been – can’t have been) asleep.
22. It ............. been very windy during the night. There are branches all
over the ground.
23. a) can't have b) will have c) must have d) didn't have
24. A: I don't know where my school bag is, Mum? B: It's not here.
You .............. left it on the train
25. a) mustn't have b) may not have c) can't have d) might have
26. A: Look, Mr Hesham's keys are on the table. B: He ..............seen them
when he left this morning.
27. a) must have b) may have c) can't have d) might have
28. A: I rang you this morning, but you didn't answer. B: Sorry, I ..... have
been asleep.
29. a) can't b) might not c) may not d) must
30. A: He's only been in the laboratory for ten minutes. B: Surely he .......
have finished the experiment
a) must b) can't c) might d) may

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Fourteen
Conditional forms ‫الحــاالت الشرطـية‬
‫ تستخدم لسرد حقائق علمية أو مواقف ثابتة وحقيقة دائمة‬:‫ الحالة الصفرية‬-
- If/ when » present simple, present simple
- If/ when you heat water, it boils.
- If/ when I read in bed, I fall asleep. It’s a habit.
:‫☻عند تخصيص الجملة بوقت أو ملكية نستخدم الحالة األولي وليست الصفريه‬
- If you don’t water these trees, they will die.
- My bottle of water will freeze if I put it in the freezer.
‫ للتعبير عن مواقف وأحداث قد تحدث في المستقبل‬:‫ الحالة األولي‬-

- If » present simple, will/ may/ can + v.inf
- If the bus arrives late again, I’ll phone the manager.
- Tarek is ill. If he’s better tomorrow, he’ll come to school.
:‫☻ قد نستخدم الحاله األولي في األمر والنهي‬
- If you feel sick today, have some rest.
- If you don’t know the answer of the questions, don’t cheat.
‫ للتحدث عن مواقف تخيلية أو غير محتملة الحدوث في المضارع‬:‫ الحالة الثانية‬-

- If » past simple, would/ could/ might + v.inf
- If I was/ were rich, I would build a palace!
- If Egypt had a lot of rain, it might have a lot more trees.
‫☻ تستخدم الحالة الثانية أيضا لتوجيه النصيحة‬
- If I were you, I’d read this useful book.
‫ للتعبير عن أحداث ومواقف وقعت أو لم تقع في الماضي‬:‫ الحالة الثالثة‬-

- If » past perfect, would/ could/ might have + p.p
- If you had gone to the sports club, you might have seen Ali.
- If I had had enough money yesterday, I could have bought that mobile
phone.
‫ هي صفات وليست أفعال‬broken bones - boiled eggs ‫☻ هناك كلمات مثل‬
- If Ali had broken bones, he would see the doctor. 2 not 3
3rd Sec. 2021
 Notice these confusing structures:

- If the money I had, had been enough, I’d have bought the car.
- If you would like to eat, I’ll make you a sandwich.
- If she was in a hurry, she would have to take a taxi.
- If Amr cut his finger, he would use a bandage.
- If I want to lose weight, I would prefer to do a sport.
- I can help you make the report if it is necessary/ if necessary.

1. If the people hadn’t grown enough food, they (become – will become –
could become – might have become ) ill.
2. If the goats eat the bark on my trees, the trees (are dying – will die –
might have died – will have died).
3. If it went on raining for much longer, the river (will flood – is flooding
– has flooded – would flood).
4. If the farmer's fields (got – had got – get – will get) very dry this
summer, he would have irrigated them.
5. If you heat ice, it (is melting – melted – melts – would melt).
6. If there (is – has been – was – were) a sandstorm tonight, the town will
be full of sand tomorrow.
7. If you mix yellow and blue, You (would get – are getting – get – may get) green.
8. If you hadn’t caught the train, you (might come – will come – come –
might have come) late.
9. If water (freezes – frozen – had frozen - froze), it turns into ice.
10. If you listened to last week’s Natural world, you (will know – know –
had known – would know) that we had a lot of unanswered questions.
11. You (will see – would see – see - saw) the rings if you cut down a tree.
12. If the bark is badly damaged, the trees (die – died – dies – will die)
13. If you (have lived – lived - had lived – live) at that time, you would have
seen people build some of Egypt’s ancient temples.
14. If the wind is very strong, it (will blow – has blown – would blow – had
blown) trees down.
15. If you (aren't watering – don't water – won't water – wouldn't water)
these plants soon, they'll die.
3rd Sec. 2021
16. If it (is – was – are – has been) a dry year, the rings of the tree are narrower.
17. If it (has rained – will rain – had rained – rains), our plants will grow well.
18. If a tree (have – has had – is having – has) deep roots, it won't fall over
in strong winds.
19. If the bark of a tree was destroyed, the tree (died – is dying – would die – dies).
20. If you (picked – will pick – have picked – pick) those apples now, they
won't taste very sweet.
21. If you leave now, you (catch – will catch – would catch – must have
caught) the train.
22. Water freezes if the temperature (is – was – has been – will be) zero or below.
23. If you (throw – threw – have thrown – had thrown) that stone, you'd
break a window.
24. If she trains hard, she (wins – will win – would won – would have won)
next week’s race.
25. If you (will mix – mix – mixed – would mix) red and white, you get pink.
26. If you practise a sport, you (would get – get – may have got - got) fit.
27. I (might get – get – would get – could have got) a headache if I spend
too long on the computer.
28. If he read quickly, he (will – would – would have – could have) benefit.
29. If I (am – was – had been – have been) taller, I’d play basketball.
30. If you had worked hard, you (would pass – would have passed –pass -
passing) easily.
31. If you planted a tree, you (get – will get – would get – would have got)
clear air.
32. If I (were – had been – am – hadn’t been) late for school, I’d have
caught the first lesson.
33. If you had thrown that stone, you ………………….the window.
34. a) would have broken b) break c) would break d) will break
35. If scientists study the rings of trees, they ……… information about our
climate in the past.
36. a) found b) would find c) can find d) have found
37. If there …….. much rain in a year, the rings in a tree are close together.
38. wasn't b) weren't c) hadn't been d) isn't
39. If they’d extracted a thin piece of wood from the tree, they ……...its
age without cutting it down.
a) can calculate b) would calculate c) have calculated d) might have calculated
3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Fifteen
Sentences with wish
- Wish + past simple » ‫للتعبير عن المضارع‬

- I wish I spoke French. (I don’t speak French now)
- I wish I was/ were tall enough to play basketball.
(I am not tall now)
- Wish/ wished + past perfect » ‫للتعبير عن الندم علي فعل في الماضي‬

- She wishes she hadn’t got up late yesterday.
(she got up late and felt sad)
- He wished he had revised. (regretted not revising for the test)
- Wish + would/ could + v.inf » ‫للتعبير عن المستقبل‬

I/ we ‫ مع‬could ‫ تستخدم‬-
- I wish global warming would stop. ‫وإذا كان نفس الفاعل‬
- I wish I could find time to read more.

1. My sister is using my pen. I wish she (hurries – hurried – had hurried – will hurry) up.
2. He missed the bus. He wished he (got – gets – had got – could get) up earlier.
3. They wish they (did – would do – had done – could do) better in the test yesterday.
4. I wish I (am – was – had been – have been) sleeping better at the moment.
5. Rageb wishes he (knows – knew – has known – would know) how to
play a musical instrument.
6. Do you wish you (know – knew – had known – will know) more about this author.
7. His parents wished he (did – had done – could do – would do) better at
University.
8. Steinbeck wished people (had left – have left – left – could leave) him alone.
9. He didn’t write as many stories as I’d like. I wish he (wrote – could
write – had written – hadn’t written) more books
10. I wish more authors (wrote – had written – would write - write) write
as him in the future.

3rd Sec. 2021
11. I don’t have more time to talk. I wish we (had spoken – speak – could
speak – would speak) for longer.
12. We wish we (saved – could save – have saved - save) more money for
the holidays next year.
13. It was cold and I didn’t wear a coat. I wish it (isn’t – wasn’t – hadn’t
been – hasn’t been) cold.
14. They won’t tell me what happened. I wish they (told – had told – would
tell – tell)
15. I wish I (would reach – reached – could reach – had reached) the
chocolate, but I am too short.
16. I wish I (am – was – had been - could) tall.
17. Ola’s friend didn’t wait for her this morning. She wished she (waited –
could wait – would wait – had waited) for her.
18. The baby won’t stop crying. The mother wishes it (stopped – would
stop – can stop – had stopped) crying.
19. I wish I (didn’t lend – hadn’t lent – could lend – would lend) her my
dictionary. She’s taken it home with her.
20. I wish I (could – may – should –can) play the piano.
21. My dad wished he ( will have – had – having -has) a bigger car. His car
is too small for us.
22. I wish the school holidays( will be – can be – were – are ) longer.
23. I wish I (hadn't spent – didn't spend – don’t spend–spent) all my
money in the holidays last year.
24. He wished he ( had studied – is studying – has been studying – studies )
medicine at university .
25. They wish they (can – shall – could – should) speak French.
26. She wishes she (has had – had – will have – can have) more time.
27. She wishes she (listens – is listening – would listen – had listened) to the
teacher's advice last year.
28. If only I (hadn't forgotten - didn't forget - wouldn't forget - haven't
forgotten) where I put my mobile phone yesterday.
29. Leila wishes she (will – should – could – may) read faster.
30. I'm really tired this morning. I wish I (slept – sleep – had slept – could sleep)
more last night.
31. Ali wishes he (might – ought to – has to - could) come to the party, but
he is not feeling well.

3rd Sec. 2021
Unit Sixteen
Alternatives to using if ‫البـدائــل‬
Positive Meaning Negative Meaning

+ sentence + v.ing/ noun + sentence + v.ing/ noun
if with unless without
as long as by but for
so long as in case of if it weren’t for
on condition that if it hadn’t been for
provided that
providing that
suppose that
supposing that
imagine that
in case
▪ Provided/ing (that)/ On condition (that)/ As/ so long as ‫بشرط ان‬

- You can borrow my pen provided that you give it back.
‫ مع مالحظه أن هذه الكلمات ال تستخدم في الحالة الثالثة أبدا‬-
▪ Supposing/ Suppose (that)/ Imagine (that) ‫ أفترض أن تتبع بسؤال‬/‫تخيل‬
- Imagine that you found a job in Cairo, what would you do?
▪ In case of + v.ing/ noun ‫في حالة‬
- In case of emergency, call 122.
▪ If it weren’t for your help, I couldn’t get the job. if 2
▪ If it hadn’t been that book, I couldn’t have got this information. if
▪ Don’t open your door in case there are thieves. ‫تحسبا لـ‬
▪ Unless = if .. not ‫إذا لم‬

▪ Without + v.ing/ noun ‫بدون‬
- We can’t enter the building if we don’t wear a helmet.
- We can’t enter the building unless we wear a helmet.
- We can’t enter the building without wearing a helmet.

3rd Sec. 2021
1. ……… heat and light from the sun, there would be no life on earth.
(In case of – Provided that – If there weren’t any - Imagine)
2. ………you take the temperature at the sun’s centre, it would be that hot.
(In case of – On condition that – Unless - Without)
3. You won’t damage your eyes ……… you don’t look at the sun.
(in case of – as long as – unless - without)
4. You shouldn’t watch the eclipse ……… you have a special viewer.
(in case of – as long as – unless - without)
5. She should have been fine ………worn sun cream.
(is she – without – if she’d – unless she had)
6. ………there wasn’t a sun, what would life be like then?
(Supposing that – Imagining that – Providing that – Saying that)
7. ………we play tennis early, it won’t be too hot.
(Provided that – As long so– Unless - Without)
8. I never have fizzy drinks ……… I’m very thirsty.
(unless – if it weren’t for – but for – in case of)
9. Tareq will have a place at the university ……… he passes his exams.
(in case – as long as – unless - without)
10. You won’t be late for the lesson ……… you go now.
(if– provide that – unless - without)
11. He couldn’t have climbed that mountain ………being very fit.
(in case of – with – without – if it weren’t for)
12. ……… you won the prize, how would you feel?
(Supposed – Imagine – Provide – In case of)
13. ………fire, break the glass.
(If – Unless – In case – In case of)
14. You’ll pass the test ……...you work hard.
(as long so – longer than – the longest – as long as)
15. They’d be in London now ……… they caught the midday train.
(if – unless – imagine – long as)
16. My team won’t win ………they have the best players.
(unless – if – without – if it hadn’t been for)
17. You can’t go into the airport ……… a passport.
(if it weren’t for – if it hadn’t been for – without – in case of)

3rd Sec. 2021
18. Ali could go to the park ………he was home by six.

(in case of – in condition that – unless – on condition)
19. Only open this door ……… an emergency .
( in case - in case of - if - as long as )
20. ………you don’t look at the sun, you won’t damage your eyes.
( Unless - In case of - If - As long that)
21. ……… you wear warm clothes, you won’t get cold in the desert tonight.
(On condition – Unless – Without – Provide that)
22. ………you use the telescope correctly, you’ll see some planets.
(At condition – Unless – Without – Provided that)
23. They will get sunburns ………they sit in the sun all day.
( Unless - In case of - If - As long that)
24. ………that you went to China, how do you communicate?
( Supposed - In case - Imagine - As long that)
25. The teacher said that they could go on the boat to the island ……… that they did
what the captain told them (unless – as long – on condition - imagine)
26. We can study in the library ………we don’t make any noise.
(unless – as long as – condition – but for)
27. Imagine that you lived by the sea, ………you go swimming every day?
(will – had been – would - do)
28. Mona wouldn’t have passed all the exams ………revising very well.
(unless – without – with - if)
29. He wouldn’t have caught the bus ………run very quickly.
(if he had – if it hadn’t been for – without – unless he had)
30. We could visit the museum now ………it’s open already.
(unless – as long as – in case of – if not)
31. I’ll swim in the sea today ………it’s windy on the beach.
(unless – as long as – in case of – if not)
32. You won’t feel tired tomorrow ……… that you go to bed early tonight.
(if – in case – providing – as long)
33. I will play tennis with you ……… as I can borrow a tennis racket.
(if – in case – providing – as long)
34. I wouldn’t have lost my keys ………. I had been more careful.
(if – provided that – on condition that – as long as)
35. I won’t know what the book is about ………reading it.
(without – unless – if – in case of)

Exam Night 2021

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Final Revision

impressive ‫ مبهر‬/‫مؤثر‬ regular ‫منتظم‬

charitable ‫خيري‬ physics ‫فيزياء‬

remove ‫يزيل‬ apply for ‫يتقدم لـ‬

CV(Curriculum Vitae) ‫سيرة ذاتية‬ gale ‫رياح شديدة‬

industrialisation ‫التصنيع‬ essential ‫ضروري‬

wide ‫عريض‬ The Novel

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royal ‫ملكي‬ moreover/ in addition ‫ وعالوة علي‬/‫باالضافة‬

Phrasal Verbs ‫األفعال التي يتيغير معناها بتغير حرف الجر‬

✓ Take on ‫يبدأ في تولي مسئولية عمل ما‬

✓ Give out ‫يوزع علي عدد كبير من الناس‬

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» Choose the correct answer:

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59. Mustafa is always very....................... and likes to talk to everyone!

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a transmitted b transported c translated d travelled

a king b queen c president d prince

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1. Noun: A word that describes a person, a place, a thing or an idea.

▪ The paragraph characteristics: ‫مواصفاته‬

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 A hook: is an introductory sentence that works to grab the

▪ The essay characteristics: ‫مواصفاته‬

Formal Email Informal Email

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✓ Past Continuous: {was/ were + v.ing} ‫المــاضي المــستمر‬

‫ للتعبير عن حدثان استمرا في نفس الوقت بدون تقاطع‬.3

✓ Past Perfect: {had + p.p} ‫المــاضي التــام‬

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☻ Choose the correct answer:

18. I ……… my last novel six times before I liked it.

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How long/ for how long/ since when → present perfect

Present Perfect Passive: {have/ has + been + p.p}

have/ has gone to » ‫ذهب ولم يعد‬

Present Perfect Past Simple

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1. She ……… a book about why the writer became so successful.

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15. Leila isn’t here. She ……… out.

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Relative Clauses: ‫عبــارات الوصل‬

.‫ اسم يعود علي ماقبلها‬whose ‫ يجب أن يلي‬-

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‫ ال يأتي قبلها اسم وتكون بمعني الشئ الذي‬what ‫ عند استخدام‬-

:‫ يمكن حذف الضمير اذا‬-

* Women’s Day, which we celebrate in March, is an important event. “not when”

☻ Choose the correct answer:

1. Dr Aisha, ……… father was an important man, was born in Damietta.

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‫ في التعبيرات الخاصة بالكمية‬of ‫ الحظ عدم استخدام‬-

:‫❖ الحظ الشكل مع ضمير الفاعل وضمير المفعول‬

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- I like neither of the photos.

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‫ تكوين سؤال ؟؟؟‬neither ‫* متي يلي‬