Column footing design example Q) Design a square footing of uniform thickness for an axially loaded column of 450 mm x 450 mm size. Load on column is 850 KN. Use M20 concrete and Fe 416 steel. Solution Given, w, = 850 KN Bearing capacity = 190 KN/m? fe = 20N/mm? f= 415 N/mm? Step-1 Load calculation we = 650 KN Self weight of footing, w; = 10% of we = 85 KN Step-2 Area of footing wetwr _ 288 < 4.92 m? au 190 Side of square footing = 4.92 = 2.22 m say 2.25 m Factored soil pressure due to column load only py= A888 = 251.85 KN/m* 2254225 A=Step-3 Depth of footing by one-way shear criterion From clause 34.2.4.1(a) of IS code 456:200, critical section for one way shear lies at distance d from the face of column as shown in figure below, 2.25m 0.45m — asm 2.25 m Le Shear force due to factored soil pressure at critical section 225-043 = 2.28 x (FS = 566.66 (0.9-d) Assuming 0.2 % steel, T, = 0.32 N/mm? Shear force resisted by section =t Xd d) x 251.85 (1) = 282880 9 25 xd 70 = 720d Equating (1) and (2), we get 566.66 (0.9-d) =720d 5028? =0.396m 3206.06 (A)Step-4 Shear force at critical section 51.85 x (2.25% 2.25 -(0.45 + d)*) = 1274.99 - 251.85 (0.2025 + d +0.9d) (3) Shear force raised by the critical section Maximum allowable shear stress = 025 )Fek = 0.2520 = 1.118 N/mm? = 1118 KN/m? Shear force resisted = 1118(1.80+ 4d) xd = 2O1Z.Ad #4472 Bone (4) Equating (3) and (4) Or, 127.99-251.85 (0.2025 + d?+ 0.9) = 2012.4d + 44724 a?-0.423d-29=0 4233 (Cosas sax 029 d=0.367m (B) Step-5 Depth of footing by bending moment criterion Bending moment at the critical section My = 251.85 «2.25 x P25) y 2 = 566.66 x= = 229.498KNM = 229.498x10°Nmm. (5) Moment of resistance at critical section: 1.48 and Ry = 9.76 for M20 concrete and Fe 415 steelMutim = Ru x bd? = 2.76 x 2260 x d? = 621007 © Equating (5) and (6), we get 229.498 x 108 = 6210 d= }92.24 mm =0.192m (©) From equations (A) , (B) and (C), the highest value af d obtained is 0.396 m Letus adopt d= 400 mm Overall depth = 400 + 4 +50 = 458 say 460 mm (leking clear cover = 60 mm and 16 mm dia. Bars) Step-6 Area of reinforcement - Footing reinforcement details From ANNEX 'G’ of code IS 456:2000; ash My= 0.87fyAad (1-55-70) 229.498 x 10° = 0.87 x 415 x Ay, x A00(1- Or, A? 43369.37 A, + 6891831832 [aaaesaT (an eee) = 1652.03 mm? ast ness i 22250-2460 Minimum reinforcement required == 2550460 =1242 mm? < 1652.03 mm? Using 16 bars, A,= 7x 16= 201 mm? Spacing 659.08 Provide 16 mm ¢ bar @ 270 mm c/c in each direction. '=273 mmStep-7 Check for development length l= oatiye (To = 1.92 N/mm? for M20 concrete and Fe415 steel) 22878815918 76) 9 mm 4x92 Available length of bars = a= = 900 mm. Hence OK