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    (Foundations) (1) Shallow Foundations

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    Design of Shallow Foundations. + Gab 8 yale dae / 5 SW SUL pats + ALI Na gb WBLogled jah ll per yall ge ABI Sde COT tye Table of Contents. Introduction of Design Of Shallow Foundations, —______— Design of strip Footings, ——_—__—__—__ _ ___ ______—~ Design of Isolated Square Footings. __ ___________~ Design of Isolated Rectangular Footings, __________— Design of Isolated Footing subjected to Moment and Normal.— Design of Isolated Footings subjected to permanent Moment. — Design of Isolated Footings subjected to temporary Moment. — Design of Combined Footings, -___.______________- Design of Footings For column near an existing (property line) Design of Strap Beam, ——— — $$ -_-/ -_-$ ~~ ~~~ ~~~ Combined Rectangular Footing For column near an existing ( property line )_ — Combined Trapecoidal Footing For column near an existing ( property line )_— © Copyright Eng. Yasser E’-Leathy 2010 . All copyrights reserved. Reproduction of these notes in part or as a whole fr sale is strictly prohibited Page 2 Page 17 Page 156 Page 161 Page 196 Page 227 Shallow Foundations. Printing Is allowed for personal use only. ( www.yasserelleathy.com } Page No. 1 Introduction of Design of Shallow Foundations. (Shallow Foundations) 4z-luwI\ selyl pladiel gy Gaal + 4g ule (uniform stress) pliiie slam! ll 55 ya)! syed! (Load) Jar Ln yod ge (uniform stresses) abite Globes! Jos Gull a Ladtl go OY WS 4 + ouac Yl y« (Concentrated Loads) 03Sj+ Jlial Juss ge + Ae) Jobo ogee (punching) GIA!) Sam poli US 5 © Conyrahe Eng. YaserErLenthy 2010 . All copyighe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reprodton of dese note In pat or 3 whol forse sc prohibited ‘ Printing fs allowed for personal use only. (www.yasserelleathy.com ) Page No, 2 + daelendl sely Ul prenct gd gold fas! (uniform stresses ) pliiie slaa! Jac gle dyrlouI! selyil onal! prac sai, + gall 43 Jed oy Shy selyil) le (Rigid Footing) stole oscil 45% of Gey US Gabe y sous ja (depth) thas slasl grb ge WSs 5 Footing (2) Rigid Footing L*B eColumn Load P « Area Footing (1) Flexible Footing L*B eColumn Load P e Area Uniform contact stress. Non-Uniform contact stress. + acl yaS (depth) slasl us (Rigid Footing) tule crcl Jac © cooyiahe Eng. Yawer EsLeathy 2010 . Al copyrghs reserved Reproduction ofthese notes in part of 3 whe fore sic prohibed Printing allowed fr personal ve ony. (www.yasierellty.com ) Shallow Foundations. Page No. 3 oP Jes Wy lst py dba! sel WW YISAT , gif ous aes + odcla) gle JgerJl LBL! of vgecd) JSS -) codec Yl Gay GU Led 4 syed! le Jol - sedate Ul sige (property Line) jle t> sgn -* Types of Shallow Foundations. + dylan! sels gl ysl I- Strip Footing. +:b:,5J\ sc\,Ul slg Yl g ols LBlgoJI ood Agb selyd yo 1 ox ye : Wall} | RC Pe | Sec X-X L-~ XY pian b=00 2- Isolated Footing . AaixS\ 31,0) edd daly yee Joo) J5 (Dx B) odtaedabe Gls selyd ae nr Laie tibiae JITSI Lal y A - Squared Isolated Footing. £30 s0\43 Ue gb pubis. I “ex one me + gobls ogee = cer + eae pub 435) Atbeianall otee Il poo GS = i © Conyrahe Eng. YaserErLenthy 2010 . All copyighe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reprodton of dese note In pat or 3 whol forse sc prohibited ‘ Printing fs allowed for personal use only. (www.yasserelleathy.com ) Page No. 4 b - Haunched Square Isolated Footing. (GILLI! sie iy y Spec! sie yu) gabe thes SIS aLaite selyd yoo Gob) oaael fhe ie opel Slam Bd CIS otec Il for pried y —— B— NOY Hunch yo ne. PG. C - Rectangular Isolated Footing. 1 Ube yd puns. + Abia! otec Yl = | + rade yd OS dorsal oec tl po (Se || a d- Circular Isolated Footing. Talal oes I pes Ladd partad « ST yb AUIS y dyoro gw 9% aclySl Laie Yay parton CUI + dey pall D Shallow Foundations. Page No. 5 © cooyiahe Eng. Yawer EsLeathy 2010 . Al copyrghs reserved Reproduction ofthese notes in part of 3 whe fore sic prohibed Con yasereleathy.com ) Printing is allowed for personal use only. 3- Combined Footing. AS dll sel gill HP GYES Ll 4g AST of Gas gee eed tel3 oe Z | >| om — 4. ca Rectangular 4- Strap Beam. Trapezoidal GBAcLS ple 5G ob Lape Lemke y Gnd gee ani (Apple) Aiaae oS cone | Gta bo Plan | I | Beam T | i Isolated Footings 5- Raft. («tWl) aac Spee Lar otaly otc pn e WAS y crac) SISAL Leal Cores , Shear Walls 4\ Ei © cooyiahe Eng. Yawer EsLeathy 2010 . Al copyrghs reserved Shallow Foundations. Reproduction of these notes in part or as a whole for sae is suictly prohibited. Printing is allowed for personal use only. (www.yasseelleathy.com ) Page No. 6 Components Of Shallow Foundations -1 Oboe Ge ose of 45 Léls 1- Plain Concrete Footing (P.C. ) 2- Reinforced Concrete Footing (R.C.) TT 2 Re. | Ite P.C. toe L ‘RC. um | RP {8 Lz =2(P.C )agsledl ouclU) sib, x Bye GUI clan days Glad doled! crcl Jif add lly 455 -1 Wd QUI Shine Ge Mey doll G95 QUIS y abil aye dale Gerd satel five Wl yogs a8 Cab Ge yl! Ales a3 Spell em Ge ote) slaal G58 Ge BT Gry dyolel! cue ll ayey -¥ soa ll 4255 gle © Copyright Eng. Yasser E-Leathy 2010 . All copyrights reserved Shallow Foundations. Reproduction of these notes in part or as a whole for sae is suictly prohibited. Pane Ne Printing is allowed for personal use only. (www.yasseelleathy.com ) age No. 7 tale aba ode slot ye 5ST (Lo B ) aglel oaclil sles! 4555 + dae SS Ge (X) slate (L,, B)aatuall Aalad) Ge Arle scl 555 fds (X )asbad) due + radi Nhe le Gath slat) Sytem gad GID Ly EH 5 a poo U - Diagonal tention failure due to stress Concentration at P.C footing lower corner R.C. ibvtittert hy “ P.C. Jere. "Recommended" ||X=tpc. a1 GIS Lsls asl y abe! QsrclIl ge ase] Ge WWL » Lao= Lec 2 tre. Brox Boo 2 tre. © Conyrahe Eng. YaserErLenthy 2010 . All copyighe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reprodton of dese note In pat or 3 whol forse sc prohibited ‘ Printing fs allowed for personal use only. (www.yasserelleathy.com ) Page No. 8 Allowable stress of concrete. (1) Ts cu =Allowable shear stress in Foundations. Vs cu = 0.16 \/ eu (N/mn*) Oe Oe =1.5 (2) Ipcu =Allowable punching shear stress in Foundations. Fou c Ipcu = 0.316 (0.5+4) (N/mrt) a.

    IgacJ] vent = Qa © Conyrahe Eng. YaserErLenthy 2010 . All copyighe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reprodton of dese note In pat or 3 whol forse sc prohibited ‘ Printing fs allowed for personal use only. (www.yasserelleathy.com ) Page No. 9 Requirments For design of shallow Foundations. 24 BYI Cloglead p55 Go wY cael of precid * Givens :- 1— Column load syacJ) Jam 2- Column dimensions 4sa0J) seh 3- Allowable bearing capacity Jan 4- boc. can be assumed. 5- Fu» Fy * Concrete dimensions of shallow Foundations. P tre “tre r—Le— || | 4 [7 |B, me Log © Conyrahe Eng. YaserErLenthy 2010 . All copyighe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reprodton of dese note In pat or 3 whol forse sc prohibited ‘ Printings allowed for persona use ony. (www yaserelety.com Page No. 10 oselS Gf sleet SbLi aslo! gold! (0) tne is assumed 10 —» 40cm t pe. = 10— 20cm — pel She WBS I, Sills a2,5 Cpe, = 20 — 40 cm peas bbe EE 3 Hilo ate ys @ To calculate the area of the Footing. Actual Stress on Soil = Allawable Stress of soil Pru (working) (kv) __ qg act = = Yat (Bearing Capacity of the soil) Area of Footing (77) (en/m®) where: *® Poor (working) AJ otel ac shyell Sgecd gle Gaol! ga pied Ge awe yume G9 9 (working) o3s% 9 (load distribution) 54 syeJl * Area of Footing () oacla Ayglle dale Jat IF tpg, > 20 cm ated scl dale G9 » IF tye < 20 crm sabes orclill anlar 55S 5 * dan (Bearing Capacity of the soil) (en /r2) ag yJI das slam! 55ST ge + A200) pr Ge oes by Poa (working) (kN) Area of Footing m) = Matt (enn?) © Conyrahe Eng. YaserErLenthy 2010 . All copyighe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reprodton of dese note In pat or 3 whol forse sc prohibited ‘ Printings allowed for persona use ony. (www yaserelety.com Page No. 11 ga tre. < 200m haw SI dgsle otelS plidiw! sre * bls g5 siz Sgecdl Yar BU jade Epo [hapB]epdle Jit, So dake! otelil als pub 35 edlel by Gall 5 WI ABLudl dyay ped Lbs doled orelil slag Yl G35 93 o8le® tpg asl . F -~Po_ An act RC. F act tre. > 20cm haw Id agsle otel plidiw! sre * ols Esie ogaell dar GU wa tne dls dey 58 sey pb dobeall ore lill ASL) Syegd Ibs ayoled! orc ll a) olan 3 59) Cpe agit * Minimum dimensions of R.C. Footing. M2 BU Ge tala! ApLa I sel UI gabs y slef JS Woy. B R.C. minimum = 80 em t R.C. minimum = 40 em de. C. minimum = 33 em BO om je aludl osclill yoyo J Ye 40 em je dala osclil thas Jb Ye © Conyrahe Eng YaserErleatty 2010 Al conyghs reserved Reproduction of these notes In pat o 3 whole forse sc probed Ci yasereleay com} Printing is allowed for personal use only. Shallow Foundations. Page No. 12 Details of RFT. of shallow Foundation. [relydl eld cole] welll ay Grol gle ele Slbay (?,?) sear one % = | P,P?) 0.5m ( ) LBEE we 1.50m}D, Cl X 2p 27m DL, — =! © cooyiahe Eng. Yawer EsLeathy 2010 . Al copyrghs reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reproduction ofthese notes in part of 3 whe fore sic prohibed Pace Ne 13 Printing is allowed for personal use only. (www.yasseelleathy.com ) ASI) SILI ob lie gh selgil ar Lely o e Strip Footings e Isolated Footings 459) SILI yd yyler gli selyHll yan Bo e Strip Footings — in case of tre. >100em e Isolated Footings —! Aygle AS gogs Cue ¢ Combined Footings 5G 12/m e Strap beams Abadia sels Se yb Lad Ell lef ce 112 Laws Ge pow B12 gr soli) gd aslasinl Sy gas LF Jat. 10 gs sae ST 5 5 ge Sell 5 GW sue LET y Smin 1.5 0 (mm) . { zi Asmin (mri/m) =} 5B12/m Shallow Foundations. Page No. 14 x—section Jl 43 gl olelye usy (2?) (gansta ogade) agaled) ost LU) 205 fee dale Gabel! agd 4265 4 Gaales¥l od Gall yuo pay i.e 8gt6/m 6G16/m 70 mm = Fem= Cover Jl Tpey rely ye rode Whatl hS 4 syecd! due pws pe BLEW syed! wae Gis (SUT G25 Gy 0 7 BW quod! AUS ayo aul -) arb! vel) aly -¥ agsle! oscl Ul ashy - (Gams) ogee) agsle) otelUl aglas -£ © cooyiahe Eng. Yawer EsLeathy 2010 . Al copyrghs reserved Reproduction ofthese notes in part of 3 whe fore sic prohibed ane Printing allowed fr personal ve ony. (www.yasierellty.com ) age No. 15 Shallow Foundations. Plan Ji gi gl olely» aay Plan Lore dale 5 duet osclill py» gael) sated y odlels syed! aig gee Sgatdl pyle puny depth Ji ge x53 ¥ gal Sy of y Cover IN lel ge Gal5l ys gus! u,b PBP/m elas W gle Gaba pad GES. Column , P.C Footing , R.C Footing U ais slef poy. © Conyrahe Eng. YaserErLenthy 2010 . All copyighe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reprodton of dese note In pat or 3 whol forse sc prohibited ‘ Printings allowed for persona use ony. (www yaserelety.com Page No. 16 ma Design of strip Footings. — « aglyytd\ selyi) pred shy Ul g oll Ll goI) asd aug sel 3 yo Zi SEE Los igp LSS eee iy te ite hE ea AX B gazed suutlly lag aS [Job gh selsill go tye gill ade gi « + Bally Uplall ay 6), — Lado obi olS¥l gd ayyd ab eu — —__-| B 1.0m Bx 1.0m aoles! oscil gs aS go oles | 2, * Given:- x Load of wall = P, = VN kN «= Van = VV kN ro x by = WV wall thickness * tee= Ww 2010 . All © coovrahe En Rep Printing is allowed for personal use only. Shallow Foundations. Page No. 17 Steps of design. 1— Calculate the Footing area (Width of R.C. Footing.) Y HE. IF tye > 200m CBee — Bpe—! Ane= & = VV nf — Byget.0m get Boo. alt Barc. = Boe. -2 tre. IF tye < 200m A x = VV nf = Bypst.0m get Bac ROT Ton all © Conyrahe Eng YaserErleatty 2010 Al conyghs reserved Reproduction of these notes In pat o 3 whole forse sc probed “ Pring is alowed fr personal use ony. (www yasereleaty.com ) Page No. 18 Shallow Foundations. 2—- Design the critical sections For moment. (Depth of R.C. Footing.) Pos. Pos. Pui. 1 Ye i i You RC. RC. RC. 7 +] __B..—! oar ~=q act. B.M.D. Mact. Actual Normal stress fi B.M. at section on Re. (WL) RE: Footing (Ula) critical ‘i RC. Footing (U.L.) Bag =VV m Pu.t.= Py *1.5| em) —Actual Normal stress on R.C. Footing (U.L.) (kN) = rZ7 + — Critical section of bending at R.C. Footing. TLEEETEtTH? dae of Gye bled oby te Os papel gre! eld! Fact. | Za —— Bro (m) Ve Force = Stress+Area 1.0m rey Force = Fact. Z+1.0m & | =" ° Mact. Moment = Force Distance Mac (F. act. © cooyiahe Eng. Yawer EsLeathy 2010 . Al copyrghs reserved Shallow Foundations. Reproduction of these notes in part or as a whole for sae is suictly prohibited. Powe Ne Printing is allowed for personal use only. (www.yasseelleathy.com ) ‘age No. 19 1 .0) Zz (kN.m/r) ——Bro— Critical section odcllll opi Apes pimw ill ¢ Lill '—— 10900 A imm = C; \ Mens ete «10° _ Foy, W/m) * 1000 (mm) Choose C, = (3.5-+5.0) C; Get d = VV (mm) Take cover = 70mm aS sclyil cover Jt Is of Jak shill go dyso} dylan tre = d + cover (70mm) ohh 40. 8 GS t R.C. minimum =400 mm ad R.C. minimum = 830mm © Copyright En Leahy 2010 All copyrights reserved. Shallow Foundations. Reps in part ily prohibited Prints alowed for penoal eon. (ww. yoseelety.cam Page No. 20 3-— Check Shear. Critical section of shear at R.C. Footing. 45° Jee salon ch (751) deny cael Jats dol oll lel Go G5 sh LBL! Jam (Dy +2) care gle acti! ple 086 BS of ved Shales! Jif Lane (Dy +2) osc! decide gd this! 4 5S5 Py, tas Jan is igylae Foot oscil gle 42,3) Jas oy gles ad 95 tue dae ol ye dbl hy Ge Ch sey ule Gad Sloan! y:ST dle gill yall ELH 4 S53 + Shear stress St dale 49 Wy 4 Lid 42) 9) Jed oy due pls Jf oY Py, bw Z2—- -a d —-l-| criticat T T section 1A ‘Na ae a Ne d sv 1 Ve 45°, LAr LTETtettt act. L—p,+2a—! — Critteal [Shear Failure ] i fo, get “3 Lat. yall alan! of G+ Gaea Gey }- shear SLAB pS sid) claw) cole gle stress yall gd Gls SII aeglde yack ¥ Failure Fact, [Actual Shear stress < Allowable Shear stress GW < Qeu © cooyiahe Eng. Yawer EsLeathy 2010 . Al copyrghs reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reproduction ofthese notes in part of 3 whe fore sic prohibed Printing is allowed for personal use only. (wivw.yasserelleathy.com ) Page No, 21 *Caleulate |[ — 2d] om * Calculate Actual shear Force. (Q,,) I Crittoal a. Fug ele t.0m (kN) d= a Qu cen, 10° bed 1000+d (mm) seg FSF Gell) gd GLI daglde le Ls acted sel UI yd of Ley saelyi adel GLY Il LSS Go due Ob © comithe tng Yoser Elen 2010 Al coprahsreenved “Shallow Foundations. Reprodcon of these notes art or 3 whole fr le scrote Printing alowed for personal eon. (war. yserleaty. Unsafe shear stresses Gu > Tou We have to increase dimensions. IF Unsafe shear stresses increase tre by 100mm then Calculate: |ql = tpo — 70mm om Q..= Face ele 1.0 m | (kN) a= Q,,cew) , 10° (N/mm) 1000+«d (mm) then Recheck: Actual shear stress (Q,,) & Allowable shear stress (Vou) © comithe tng Yoser Elen 2010 Al coprahsreenved “Shallow Foundations. Reprodcon of these notes art or 3 whole fr le scrote “ Printing alowed for personal eon. (war. yserleaty.Asmin ——» 0.k. IF Ag 20cm B _ _ _ 350 (kN) _ Po = GT = 400 (kN/nty) ~ 3-50™ Brc=Bpg-2 tro= 3-50 -2*0.3 = 2.90m © Conyrahe Eng. YaserErLenthy 2010 . All copyighe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reprodton of dese note In pat or 3 whol forse sc prohibited ‘ Printings allowed for persona use ony. (www yaserelety.com Page No. 26 2— Design the critical sections for moment. (Depth of R.C. Footing.) —Actual Normal stress on R.C. Footing (U.L.) Pu. Ul 525 _ _ 181.03 n/m F, = ——"_ = act. Bycet-0m 2.90 *1.0 - Critical section of bending at R.C. Foorting. | 0.25 Z = Brc-by _ 2.90-0.25 _ 4.325 m | be 2 2 7 |. 2.90 2 J" [ow Mact. = Fests *1.0™m | 7,325) 2 : Mact, = 181:98* 1.325 _ 459 9 knm/m TEE 158.9 knmp~r tl 7 © Copyright Eng. Yasser E-Leathy 2010 . All copyrights reserved. Shallow Foundations. Reproduction of these notes in part or as a whole for sae is suictly prohibited. (wor. yasserelleathy.com ) Page No. 27 Printing is allowed for personal use only. “dace [Boon G50 eu *b « A= 5.0 \ | 158.9+ 10° = 398.6 mm 25 +1000 trac =A+70mm = 398.64 70 = 468.6 mm tro = 500mm dl = 430mm 3 — Check Shear. seation «Critical section For Shear. I La -L, l=2-d Q)- Force U = 1.325 — 0.43 = 0.895 m 1H Fe * Actual shear Force.(Q,,) Qi, = Face eb 41.0 m = 181.03 + 0.895 41.0 = 162. oz kN * Actual shear stress. (Q,) d= Q, _ 162.02+10° lu = * Allowable shear stress. (,,,) Fou 25 2 ,,, = 0.16\ = 0.16 Vz = 0.653 N/mm Safe shear stresses No need to increase dimensions. © Conyrahe Eng. YaserErLenthy 2010 . All copyighe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reprodton of dese note In pat or 3 whol forse sc prohibited ‘ Printings allowed for persona use ony. (www yaserelety.com Page No. 28 4~— Reinforcement of the Footing. Prom Cy = 5.0 —» J = 0.826 _ Mact. _ 158.9410" ~ ~ 0.826 * 360 * 430 J Ijd Check A A 1.50 =1.5*430 =645 Smin -} 5B 12/m = 565 = 1242.7? mm Smin { 645mm s > Asmin —> 0.k. Ag = 1242.7 mm © Conve Eng. Yaner ErLeaty 2010 - Al copyrghe reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reproduction ofthese nots in arto 33 whole fre sey probed. Printing lowe for pesoral we on. (wav. yssereleathy.om Page No, 2 5~— Details of Reinforcement. scale|1:50 rT (£0.00) (-0.50) 5918 /m | (- 1.00) eT eS) (51.80) ai if etl 5912/m } Section X-X Shallow Foundations. Page No. 30 Isolated Footings -Laisa\ sci) 952 9 pletion oF pose Lol gS 9 Ladd oly yee Laple 5592 ill sol yl ga + BIS oF Juleinne of gyye yee! + Ababa! ote JLIly y gaye gf Yaltinns yee Yard Of dey yall orcli Sy Design of Isolated Square Footings . «dey yall Abadia! sel sill meena © cooyiahe Eng. Yawer EsLeathy 2010 . Al copyrghs reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reproduction ofthese notes in part of 3 whe fore sic prohibed Printing is allowed for personal use only. (wivw.yasserelleathy.com ) Page No. 31 Steps of design. * Given :- x Load of column = P,, = VV kN x Bearing capacity of soil =Vau = WwW kN /re? * Dimensions of the column. (a+b) e sf dsm * tp om Ww 1— Calculate the Footing area. ( Width of R.C. Footing.) IF ty > 200m 1] get Bpc, From Cit pe A = Fa = WwW me = Boc*Boc. -— Bro—-! ne ‘PC. Tan Lo Bre | Bre=Bpc—2 tre. IF too <20em get Bac, From =VWV wi = Bro*Brc. Bre. = Bre. +2 tre. © comithe tng Yoser Elen 2010 Al coprahsreenved “Shallow Foundations. Reprodcon of these notes art or 3 whole fr le scrote “ Printing alowed for personal eon. (war. yserleaty.* q - QueN) * 10° * Calculate Allowable shear stress. (q,,,) 2 LS wets sel yd Of bey (N/mm) yall gi blab! daglis gle gio dys SL sag Yay saelyi aera! slog ¥l LabSts © Conyrahe Eng YaserErleatty 2010 Al conyghs reserved ‘Shallow Foundations. Reproduction of these notes In pat o 3 whole forse sc probed Printing is allowed for personal use only. (www.yasseelleathy.com ) Page No. 37 « Compare between Actual shear stress (q,,) & Allowable shear stress (eu) * IF —_» Safe shear stresses Yu < You No need to increase dimensions. * IF > UnSafe shear stresses Gu > Tou We have to increase dimensions. IF UnSafe shear stresses increase tre by 100 mm then Calculate: |ql = tpo — 70mm Q,, = Fact. lire B rc.| eN) 3 (KN) «10 Qy, = —Autei 9 1 (N/mm) Brac *#@L (mm) then ReCheck: Actual shear stress (Q,,) & Allowable shear stress (Vou) © comithe tng Yoser Elen 2010 Al coprahsreenved “Shallow Foundations. Reprodcon of these notes art or 3 whole fr le scrote “ Printing alowed for personal eon. (war. yserleaty.

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