Cheat. (vopat- a viseuss about _difesent SelecHon nit there ae diffewent Critenia qo delect > Pt 1H] Plomt opacity i a) he ae > The mmimum sequivement cia & plant Copactty must be equal ‘ot least to the peak \eod oy maximum demand. Se an mtenuption & Service cam be tolerated at airy ‘time, them possibly “he capacity 7ual be peak lead mey be plaeed alll in one whit fF 9 . UY : ‘Quipmen BN foctoy is com pon actively low , it ™moy be more economical to Split the Capacity | ame —woox More Units. 4 mt —> $f am intenuption &f dervilee Canal be -twlerateg, i+ may past Install pe umits equipment each being Copable. cf bupploin she maximum demand ‘ indepen denthy tor Smal Qty Syotem- oo Stomdby usmi fF Goi erty equal to the largek unit shout tI 5 : ins = When an existing bystem 2) i demand by i am increaae m™ ymonim um r Ne : = additonal wnit of gomesark equuipme jhe Sige g- the unit will be baced on: Cconsiderah ons: hy ne maximum demand over & Pesiod G yeons | @ The general ceaign P by thy rem ent “ee BS the. room ayailoble 3 Or eae -t ETT Nici EEthe > ya Plant x i be located on 0% Adsacent to mdushial pro} The a must be located ag i" ee ov . So a avnailability of wWoter wi Pp Coolin ¢ Condensing dteam - th Favorable | she plant site ie ona river wi brates He leat eenditions & alse adequate rate of. ide mt Flow, hydyautrre installation raat \ pte ve fessible Fox, Thermal Stutions the plant locection ony tI be qeverned by Joint consideration a j 5 @ G). Ren ission ners “of ae Some Meoh +o the load rs steve is a Basin. in. Copper 2 Tromsmission shuchises seduioing -fite ge The Coppoy Cross WN ditecthy depen Upon, wh maximum current to 8c Conve’. p,, Aber at Cument serising! the Vv). tedueve Curent 2 shevefne caper Cross Section An ie Rut » tnereaaw Voltoge bequires inereaaed Mvestment in: whichy taloneed al sthe ‘eae og : = The. oy orm, 7 $e, 20) the ubimote ere ei aay rnc dit ". Vhed fommo ae ee nang 1 ras i ene 1hwh hi _> Availability veanonably, pure water fer a. bream. plont: Pi i a gequi site a te > ‘The Coalir water fneveages , in, temp- aa it energy from the condensing, bkam. - Wi? eundem si Ste uot be hi ham 4 manimum, eae aee heat hamafts. 5°. nates fem to effect the ne cessouy Wates buppho te eye it - ‘ f (i) Realty Values , oe >) The price usually depends upon the probable Competing. user for Which © te land may. be “ented Sy The price, ces4 ov the—' sian, NI the city imits ane high in Cormpathfson with a ral location. 3] Equipment selection ; (i) The designer murt determine the. bpeci The morerial -cog{ ewave decseases in slope a the Capacity increnar, . ean pe engin eesing & labsy Costs imereate | Omry elighily sith, copacity 8 > “the shape the, tolel—cnef cue is emt | Stmilon to the mateotal coe Trend . ‘a Imeteabeo: the u TB) Plomt cocks Muda Comparisona ahe n ing Keapect tv thei’ Selative installed C&, ; Ny i: BL Ly. A Th greg Syptem “Bato iil vg ® 200 Ww, inyesh proba bi le foreed oto f we Capacity ia Biel in. bia unit, In Onit 5 ta -three a ee 45mW Wits. its in The opesath' prota bili ny unit is PZ 01 ogd fi orioge 4 frecadd TM qj 8 = 0, fy 6 a re ms ons | “iQ Foy the Single unit with - eapaaity | 00 mW. @ Foy. the two twits wrth “copacityy 1607 each Cr B) = Co. 980-09) = 4 | vr pie wi. P4APG + OYE 0:9 604400999 -+ 00004. rr. Pika +(Got PB)+G1 G2 = 0-960 0 eT e ont oul &f derview | ee ae 1s 00 me ale @® for ae Anvee Units Lotta ‘eopacity | (x6)?s © 981000)? a Ue | we oie meri of geFe ne Rout omis ah ¢ Cop aCe He mo Fmw Ca OW Gis)’: > (98 Ho: on)! vty UPBreP + APB 21H — 09224 | 49, 0000814 + 6-0 Obseryal ho Jimi lor _9, Leone ANTON S pe Re Singes ! vee = 9. oyCiry . >the A ee g o mw lass ot lke ‘ which allo +0 © aay 408 ys aie 00 s qh pashan ‘ok cpmld (OHS (ts | ONMmeaiiae hie whieh 090000016 An fourm! se | G60T, 0: 045 4 010023 % 0000016 . See iy Yop iba ‘ JRialern’2' ain «Wy E Ans. © Mot™ protected peak = age | > —Qx s4uxiv+ ots) = | 180 en :apz.08 2 Pers heat wate vo Minimum when incremental gate - iw nO Prove that -for maximum efficien power plant the incremental sate io equal heat ratte: é Canvey. OH ade d Indemental Rate cramiye 4 + PR tor Snput= Output _euayes 2) tiye!t St shows the elation bel Bl! Smput 2 outat of SPlambs At, Zew load (2) , Snputin Ig, % Which measures the energy Kcequived) ) 0 +o Keep the Gppayatun unetioning.. This energy dissi pater an trictondl & heat tosses uy “ Zan ay. input over the an input ante : wit appear a oy m OUTPut - +> Mi the! additional input doen due to portiol dissipation ove Efficiene, eunve’ St shows the selation bel and output i & plamt. losses . wid 4 We e The efficierrey ewive is derived ' soaking at eodh, oad the Conespord input; Trey ty AE i A re of. Input ie defn Coutput) 4og ade: (HD | Hs hy Hert Rate is deh aes ap the input Sequiteg for a defimite otpput te- dhe ratio J input to ouput iS eatied Heat rate ae dees) 4 ei i ey a ic Pater 60, ‘At higheal elilohoy Aea\ Kole. io lourt. hak = ia p00! Of, ys bel cuaala pei Bb gaoner sel Sresemgnta| Rates. >the. inpul nequited fos a qiven sata yh a Yoad “i ca\led imeemental sate. f : SMathematically> 1k isthe. lope &F / euave ot the given load » => Physically » the camo ne At) ie aR ohI fq. &) sepresents c comtinuous ‘inp OnWhich ww theve ig a poin (lms bm) and prt tothe curve will Pore thre ough, she orgin. The equation & this! gin SiG! a { cm = alin 5 where, is the Slope fhe, 2. Wk = 2m og ioimasgent of, this AYE uooutd be he! | input ourpub 1. sthens HR LUR curve , Wold be hovienas enee—altsthe point 6f i eumve’ in fig @) is above the +m, se, aH -the point} of HR eve Since, #4 the actual i/o GN Wen above this ongent-at all Other . lad shan bm, bo, HR i munt be higher than. at all point ba hs ae 60, Gm Ln) is the Jnintnurh ‘pojn nh eee PEN res A\, CLamrtm) rhs ae Prin bak = Ren ab‘geal culy : ty | : a Ptremen! QR | x BT elem on ee When. efficiency is minimum, head THe Knee i 1 Maa nor ot, TAM $0, Maximum efficiony > found when HR remniy Aly Mimimium | pointy d Cur) WEA ah) - ty 6 { \ eit te Oh oes U4. biiG % Where find oulpu a 9 N Let> ad Let hy Ee defined 1s B0+05 1+ orbs et p22 A corm Stetion hae qm InP Lignin milion Sf Bui Iper howr iL a the ineveaan input eae to inerear + From Fito 9 mw by I /o Cumve aby | P eh “QAt, L=F é 1 = 8040: Ph ae neshgea: 01x7° ~ 68-98 10° Blu pes hy ALA dae } b T= 404 0:5% 240165294 $0:01%93 = 94-44 X16 * Bly pe Dr = meremental Snpud ae nega fackenwetl lp é 25-66 x10 Bh pev hy - } iy @ pon 1 ee dt ) ee oH adipose at irraPpse thal, a Station operaten ol only “+09 different \ ing ere Period ‘sucht lan Lal g Ly. Find the e| aberoge input rate &) anenage load. set oolewnge ead! curve liea above the inslanlenn} i toatl) i 7) Oar I. oF Average os " Selapaed HR= ! i os ak _ Abt ToAta +-- tI natn Where , hhogns, tasty { Ly Ati ln Ato FE ny Abe 4 = Sat = Wtalrpesiod L Dips /t ne 5 Gat” fen ae pore | Let» the Slaton operates | at oil wt am. emtiye , period auch a0 La a onenoge rmput sate ~fos : yg i) todd ‘eloACs 8 i ¥- i‘ the. 6G) 0n) toe pa wn +tloh T- ss aD) h ih a U, a phatect bol, ay vee om, OLA) i > © fo(trte)tInth ee eae A Wer ce Dir shal inal: em / Jat pete =o) f at es AY Cib- da) 3 oo ape fom, @® 2 Sane, tej cutb( Loobe) A Zeoe fom, @2@) Hale ed be C 2B 0) ts GRY Tho it 0 ee (Le) Crore) (1) (Le- =) ee i £ Gebt, 1 + LaGie-1p A b- la ee , ie to WG v ~ lite | Gr 4 4 vb =a) ve Lb-TaSW he welotion bum VAL shows a Sholg Bi Un hop Points barle connecting by a BecauhtUin ‘ ike anerdhe of the eve. The ‘shiyh line eonnecting hoo ésminal goinks «the 452 Will be above line Comme}; eke nts on the ewave- Po lhemose 5 no, % nf ined & TSC ean. be loeb 12a —b-a4) Tho the) ahd 1La-b-2-1 Castitutes am. emvelop has | Eneompasceo all possible value. of average li/p 2 o/p intesSection oy plots 50, avesage, load curve, copmit below Ie inetemlemous 00d, curve deh, Ae aS ong LS J t | x of i/o, wwe te Yt B Hp Cuave. OO | | Pdine 3229XP QM The input - Alkruk curve G ao. 2omW a ro i is (Befined) b | Lsd0d¢05L +0657 bn ft GP Bh: pes hr & Linin Hio- © find the HG ake a ( eo Th won 6 penal af a load of Fang ia hy-Gi) Co kep} hot fe alo tes the Fak hat wo Ahis abou with the Heat 1 te Re in if tho enengy wese prod ecg doy at % Conshant 24- hy ‘ie Cott 1007, land £, bolts ( r= g04054 r 65m AY, USO, tee 0 N10" Btu pes hy L=Qomw 1 = 30+ 05x BO + 0- 6ox @) = 900 x 108 Btu perhy ' 7 6 6 W, Bl= |yaxegoo+ 12x90] Alo Bre = 8 960K/0 Bh st Ta x20 + 120] mudhy = 240 mudd 2. Rage HRI 21 OR ie eebaia: Ze 2HOx > > 165€ at how econ cel load division ig obtamed bet me TMWo allernators . power station. » Rove that Her economia, mS BBagirg : lea tal sat f te 99) on, equal Neyster having moe Ahan One, mi SF siming SEH quip FF ca haa he prope division Sf load aca PBlem- The problem is Conectly attracted by Ploting the Sam fhe impu ts it ALB alin the load onA -for a qven Constant \0od! onthe two Vit. P : ; For maximum econo, this load Should be divider) s0 an ‘o yequire the mation Combined. input St Con be found by or a denier SF Conefamt Rombined Oulpuf curve & deteaming the optimum point f those curve , which qive, the ae ieee foad fer emtive wo umits - Z a | % ; b i g - 3 a) Ba) a tian & | a ee ; Lasbp ua Rite It Bh) Ui as . a 1 Lotbor 4 ! Fe vs Load on. UnitA. ideon 70% i yf dp ae SS ae The covatependivng point se aninimuam, Pant # & kombined iol curve, We get Loli’ Bon telat Wad Clatiy), we Cam get, PP: Mathemneticaly AM the minimum pointy (dle In? te = Lat, = Combined fnput to A &p Le elo¥ly = u ofp tow ¢ ' d dla $0 ai (da+1,) ? a es dip a .° dle bts (7 dpe.” Agate Aeain, diy dip db... @ “dia ALb itera er dly = dly {3 : d eel oe ac At. Gh abe ee : mi Oe At sary bf? lee 5) tT La ORO Alp (alo see-A ei B V AtB Co i a | Load (Hus ria} Draw differen? stahon mance Cchawact Cusye & Show the ¥¢laction. £ oe different Faphalt a J DT) aro BS Pe ae: | he | ee t \ 0 ba ik, qi hoster nu : f b * a a 10 rman Ha Turbine - ey RY r i Pi Pe E 7: Section Austili ‘We. es Cuvee Lica y idvey ALL tation 18 Rs AL ay paiey traske i ft DO, = Ainbine TRie!Ry a, ee Auilloony Conawmphon TR = Ra di Al i de x 4 “dn 77 de * alg * ath L = Rob x Rex a) in + A=Le Ant dl ¥8) a si ie ae oe” oe Wa a ! aaa = bs hal 4 “dn Roy yi hba ee [3 i. Rae : Tay i... Rsp-= Roky : 1-Raq y aeWD G@Plain | Apacity scheduling, A System har athe wails Spacity By in the firing rohit ton Pre par the spacity Schedinle gs Capacity. He Yn a ‘power plant with Several Units mas} of The mead +40 be in operation only When. yeak demamd decun A Schedule js needed 0 indicate the pydey a} Which the Noss umits should be placed -in Operation . scheduclin Mf the minimum ‘odd is €quos to ov less than, 4 of o “oe units wo mits vill have 4p be the Cor: Service depende—Upone Ahefr, Poteet @ortinuity. Placed to G Service - The most Gdficient, machine is plated In Sesvie First , followed oy machine in desending order F effieiene, Drala the \adir divieled omong the Units in ppesatior-( or)the ‘bnals fF equal inevem rate, . al fia$0 Pht Tale | oe ew 1F0 ea r miso so Fo | 499 “_ ons 1g i Treo] 60 [50 | go | 120 Tabes Be Ta © ion laao are ar) yo Se so. 20 [so | o | 70) 2 a 40 wlio [uw |zo 200 a0 10 | aor So] S00, | 20 He {o | so | 20 $0 ‘iso Fo, | are i 10 ww py | ho ats. f Magtimum ndlecled tlumand = Dieta tO1y Siydroud Mle Stotion _Gpeaction? ' when av hydonlic Statin ig one Umit f« a System Cordeint 4th. hy dvaathe 2 thermal. shy 5 operation» will be hamaled Lepratigeny ’ slowge Copaeily . ¢. } i] Since the fuel cue component is) abs hydsoulic operat, the water “femenated ‘ Would be uged viene es i"TR Pess\ble worth its equipment -t0 canny the baae & \odd curve Whenevey -the load drops’ b the . 4 t ps below the plamt att an aon ad hy» Some! of the Water was) {iowa over the Hall, Spillwoey if. Stovoge ia nF avoiledly. | Kw t Thermal ie = } R { p i by A+ paid of ou flow. its Uge $0 thatthe had-rauctic-phnt Gopacity \is' available 4o\ help carry Ihe peak load ofthe Sugtem « This js yaualy | done Shutting down the eation| LZ Stoving. the iver S flow dttaing éff peak hous ar Poridage 2 themjat te time of he pean’ pexiad placing the slahon in Opencrhion bry Ava.uaing Leet the pandage Wd) +1