BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

EN
15050:2007
15050:2007
+A1:2012

Precast concrete
products — Bridge
elements

The European Standard EN 15050:2007 has the status of a

British Standard

ICS 91.100.30; 93.040


  
  

  


 

  


BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012

BS EN 15050:2007
National foreword

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15050:2007+A1:2012.

National foreword
It supersedes BS EN 15050:2007 which is withdrawn..
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated
in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of
ThisCEN
the British StandardFor
amendment. wasexample,
published byaltered
text BSI. Itby
is the
CENUK implementation
amendment A1 is of
EN 15050:2007.
indicated by .
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
B/524, Precast concrete products.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
EN 15050 is a candidate ‘‘harmonized’’ European standard and fully takes into
account the requirements of the European Commission mandate M/100,
Products related to precast concrete products, given under the EU
Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC), and is intended to lead to CE
marking. The date of applicability of EN 15050 as a harmonized European
Standard, i.e. the date after which this standard may be used for CE marking
purposes, is subject to an announcement in the Official Journal of the
European Communities.
The Commission in consultation with Member States has agreed a transition
period for the co-existence of harmonized European Standards and their
corresponding national standard(s). It is intended that this period will
comprise a period, usually nine months, after the date of availability of the
European Standard, during which any required changes to national
regulations are to be made, followed by a further period, usually of 12 months,
for the implementation of CE marking. At the end of this co-existence period,
the national standard(s) will be withdrawn.
EN 15050 is the subject of transitional arrangements agreed under the
Commission mandate. In the UK, there are no corresponding national
standards of national origin.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.

This British Standard was

published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee
on 31 July 2007
Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

Date Comments
© The British Standards
This British2012.
Institution Standard was Amendments issued since publication
published
Published under
by BSIthe authority
Standards 30 September 2012 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2012
of the Standards
Limited 2012 Policy and
Strategy Committee Amd. No. Date Comments
on 31 July 2007

© BSI 2007
ISBN 978 0 580 74220 0

ISBN 978 0 580 54672 3

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 15050:2007+A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM March 2012

ICS 91.100.30; 93.040 Supersedes EN 15050:2007

English Version

Precast concrete products - Bridge elements

Produits préfabriqués en béton - Eléments de ponts Betonfertigteile - Fertigteile für Brücken

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 February 2007 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 23 January 2012.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15050:2007+A1:2012: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

The numbering of clauses is strictly related to EN 13369:2004 Common rules for precast concrete products, at
least for the first three digits. When a clause of EN 13369 is not relevant or included in a more general
reference of this standard, its number is omitted and this may result in a gap on numbering

Contents Page

Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................4
Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................6
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................7
2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................7
3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................8
4 Requirements .........................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Material requirements ...........................................................................................................................9
4.2 Production requirements ......................................................................................................................9
4.2.1 General ....................................................................................................................................................9
4.2.3.2 Application of prestressing ..................................................................................................................9
4.3 Finished product requirements ......................................................................................................... 10
4.3.1 Geometrical properties ...................................................................................................................... 10
4.3.2 Surface characteristics ...................................................................................................................... 12
4.3.3 Mechanical resistance ........................................................................................................................ 12
4.3.4 Resistance and reaction to fire ......................................................................................................... 13
4.3.5 Acoustic properties ............................................................................................................................ 13
4.3.6 Thermal properties ............................................................................................................................. 13
4.3.7 Durability ............................................................................................................................................. 13
4.3.8 Other requirements............................................................................................................................. 14
5 Test methods....................................................................................................................................... 14
5.1 Tests on concrete ............................................................................................................................... 14
5.2 Measuring of dimensions and surface characteristics .................................................................. 14
5.2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 14
5.2.2 Beams .................................................................................................................................................. 14
5.2.3 Other elements .................................................................................................................................... 15
5.3 Weight of the products ....................................................................................................................... 15
6 Evaluation of conformity .................................................................................................................... 15
7 Marking and labelling ......................................................................................................................... 15
8 Technical documentation .................................................................................................................. 15
Annex A (informative) Typology ..................................................................................................................... 16
A.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................... 16
A.2 Decks with precast beams as main structural elements ................................................................ 16
A.3 Solid slabs ........................................................................................................................................... 22
A.4 Segmental decks................................................................................................................................. 22
Annex B (informative) Decks formed by beams and slabs .......................................................................... 23
B.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................... 23
B.2 Dimensions in the bearing zone........................................................................................................ 23
B.3 Transfer of prestressing .................................................................................................................... 23
B.4 Anchorage of the main reinforcement at supports ......................................................................... 23
B.5 Change of the restraint conditions after the application of loads ................................................. 26
B.6 Skewed ends ....................................................................................................................................... 26
B.7 Deck layout .......................................................................................................................................... 26
Annex C (informative) Use of plates in bridges ............................................................................................ 28

2
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

C.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 28

C.2 Connecting reinforcement .................................................................................................................. 28
C.3 Connection to beams .......................................................................................................................... 28
C.4 Connection between adjacent floor plates ....................................................................................... 29
Annex D (informative) Continuity of bridge decks ........................................................................................ 31
D.1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................... 31
D.2 Continuity of bridge decks ................................................................................................................. 31
D.3 Hogging moments at supports .......................................................................................................... 31
D.4 Long term sagging moments at supports ........................................................................................ 31
Annex E (informative) Infilled beams .............................................................................................................. 37
E.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 37
E.2 Infilled beams with a thin topping ..................................................................................................... 37
E.3 Infilled beams with a thick topping .................................................................................................... 37
Annex F (informative) Precast beams without topping................................................................................. 39
F.1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................... 39
F.2 Transverse prestressing by post-tensioning ................................................................................... 39
F.3 Reinforced joints ................................................................................................................................. 39
Annex G (informative) Precast segmental decks .......................................................................................... 41
G.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 41
G.1.1 Description ........................................................................................................................................... 41
G.1.2 Joints .................................................................................................................................................... 41
G.1.3 Keys ...................................................................................................................................................... 41
G.1.4 Post-tensioning ................................................................................................................................... 42
G.2 Design ................................................................................................................................................... 42
G.2.1 Assembly stage ................................................................................................................................... 42
G.2.2 Final situation ...................................................................................................................................... 42
G.2.3 Checking of joints ............................................................................................................................... 43
G.2.4 Local transverse bending ................................................................................................................... 43
G.2.5 Discontinuity regions .......................................................................................................................... 43
G.3 Production ............................................................................................................................................ 44
G.4 Building assembly ............................................................................................................................... 44
G.4.1 Segment positioning ........................................................................................................................... 44
G.4.2 Segment sealing .................................................................................................................................. 44
G.4.3 Post-tensioning ................................................................................................................................... 44
G.4.4 Closing segment.................................................................................................................................. 44
Annex H (informative) Ambient conditions for bridge elements.................................................................. 46
Annex J (normative) Finished product inspection ........................................................................................ 47
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU
Construction Products Directive ....................................................................................................... 49
ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics ................................................................................................... 49
ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of precast concrete bridge elements ............................ 50
ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity .................................................................................................. 50
ZA.2.2 EC Certificate and Declaration of conformity ................................................................................... 52
ZA.3 CE marking and labelling ................................................................................................................... 52
ZA.3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 52
ZA.3.2 Declaration of geometrical data and material properties ................................................................ 54
ZA.3.3 Declaration of product properties ..................................................................................................... 56
ZA.3.4 Declaration of compliance with a given design specification ........................................................ 58
Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................................... 60

3
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Foreword
This document (EN 15050:2007+A1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast
concrete products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR and was examined by and agreed with a joint
working party appointed by the Liaison Group CEN/TC 229-CEN/TC250, particularly for its compatibility with
structural Eurocodes.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by September 2012.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2012-01-23.

This document supersedes EN 15050:2007.

The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ".

This document is one of a series of product standards for precast concrete products.

For common aspects reference is made to EN 13369: Common rules for precast products, from which also
the relevant requirements of the EN 206-1: Concrete — Part 1: Specification, performances, production and
conformity are taken.

The references to EN 13369 by CEN/TC 229 product standards are intended to make them homogeneous
and to avoid repetitions of similar requirements.

Eurocodes are taken as a common reference for design aspects.

The installation of some structural precast concrete products is dealt with by ENV 13670-1: Execution of
concrete structures – Part 1: Common rules, which has at the moment the status of a European prestandard.
In all countries it can be accompanied by alternatives for national application and it shall not be treated as a
European Standard.

The programme of standards for structural precast concrete products comprises the following standards, in
some cases consisting of several parts:

EN 1168, Precast concrete products — Hollow core slabs

EN 12794, Precast concrete products — Foundation piles

EN 12843, Precast concrete products — Masts and poles

EN 13224, Precast concrete products — Ribbed floor elements

EN 13225, Precast concrete products — Linear structural elements

4
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

EN 13693, Precast concrete products — Special roof elements

EN 13747, Precast concrete products — Floor plates for floor systems

EN 13978, Precast concrete products — Precast concrete garages

EN 14843, Precast concrete products — Stairs

EN 14844, Precast concrete products — Box culverts

EN 14991, Precast concrete products — Foundation elements

EN 14992, Precast concrete products — Wall elements

EN 15050, Precast concrete products — Bridge elements

!EN 15037", Precast concrete products — Beam-and-block floor systems

!EN 15258", Precast concrete products — Retaining wall elements

This standard defines in Annex ZA the application methods of CE marking to products designed using the
relevant EN Eurocodes (EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1992-1-2). Where, in default of applicability conditions of EN
Eurocodes to the works of destination, design Provisions other than EN Eurocodes are used for mechanical
strength and/or fire resistance, the conditions to affix CE marking to the product are described in ZA.3.4.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

5
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Introduction
The evaluation of conformity given in this European Standard refers to the completed precast concrete
elements for bridges that are supplied to the market and covers all the production operations carried out in the
factory.

For design rules and resistance to fire reference is made to EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1992-1-2. Additional
complementary rules are provided where necessary.

In 4.3.3 and 4.3.4 this European Standard includes specific provisions resulting from the application of
EN 1992-1-1, EN 1998-1, EN 1992-1-2 and EN 1992-2 rules made specific for the concerned product. The
use of these provisions is consistent with a design of works made with EN 1992-1-1, EN 1992-1-2, and
EN 1992-2.

6
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

1 Scope
!This European Standard applies to precast concrete structural elements produced in a factory and used in
bridge construction, such as deck elements."

Normal weight concrete elements are considered, both reinforced and prestressed; their use can be on road
bridges, railway bridges and footbridges.

Deck elements include both single elements from which the deck may be composed (beams, slabs, ribbed or
cellular elements) and elements consisting of a segment of the entire deck.

!deleted text"

Some examples of elements dealt with are shown in Annex A.

The durability aspects are also considered.

This European Standard makes reference to precast elements produced in a factory or near the construction
site in a place protected from adverse weather conditions. It is assumed that if the elements are not
manufactured in a factory, the production conditions assure the same level of quality control as in a factory. It
is assumed that the production place is protected from rain, sunshine and wind.

Some of the elements are also treated in other European Standards (e.g. beams, slabs). This European
Standard deals with the specific aspects related to the use of these elements in bridge construction.

!Foundation piles, piers, abutments, barriers, bumpers, guards, arches and" box culverts are out the
scope of this European Standard.

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 206-1, Concrete — Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity

EN 1992-1-1:2004, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for
buildings

EN 1992-1-2, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures — Part 1-2: General rules — Structural fire design

EN 1992-2:2005, Eurocode 2 — Design of concrete structures — Concrete bridges — Design and detailing
rules

EN 13369:2004, Common rules for precast concrete products

7
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given in EN 1992-1-1:2004 and
EN 13369:2004 and the following apply.

3.1
bridge
civil engineering construction works mainly intended to carry loads related to communication over a natural
obstacle or a communication line

NOTE This includes all types of bridges, especially road bridges, footbridges, railway bridges etc.

!3.2
bearing device
structural device located between the deck and an abutment or pier of the bridge and transferring loads from
the deck to the abutment or pier

3.3
abutment
end support of a bridge

NOTE Rigid abutments and flexible abutments should be distinguished where relevant.

3.4
pier
intermediate support of a bridge, situated under the deck"

3.5
prestress
permanent effect due to controlled forces and/or controlled deformations imposed on a structure

NOTE Various types of prestress shall be distinguished from each other as relevant (for example pre-tensioning,
post-tensioning by tendons, prestress by imposed deformation at supports).

3.6
headroom
free height available for traffic

3.7
continuous bridge
bridge with continuous deck surface through adjacent intermediate spans, with or without structural continuity

3.8
floor plate
reinforced or prestressed concrete plate used as permanent formwork for cast-in-situ concrete with which it
generally contributes structurally when the cast-in-situ concrete has hardened to form a composite slab

3.9
integral bridge
bridge with no expansions joints neither between adjacent intermediate spans nor between end spans and
abutments

3.10
diaphragm
transverse deck stiffener (precast or cast in-situ)

8
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

3.11
crosshead
transverse support beam at an intermediate or end deck support

3.12
sagging moment
bending moment inducing tension in the bottom fibres (positive moment)

3.13
hogging moment
bending moment inducing tension in the top fibres (negative moment)

3.14
skew angle
angle between the crosshead and a line perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bridge

4 Requirements

4.1 Material requirements

EN 13369:2004, 4.1 shall apply.

For indented bar and wire refer to EN 10080.

In case that the prestressing steel axis is deviated, deflectors shall not engrave the prestressing steel nor
cause important voids in the concrete element. The strength of the deviated prestressing steel shall be not
less than 95 % of the straight one.

4.2 Production requirements

4.2.1 General

The production of precast elements for bridges shall comply with the requirements in EN 13369:2004, 4.2 and
with the following complementary subclause. For bridge elements other values than given in EN 13369:2004,
4.2.1.3 may be given following the requirements of their destination as indicated in the design documentation.

4.2.3.2 Application of prestressing

4.2.3.2.1General

If the transfer of prestress anchored by bond (pre-tensioning) is not gradual, the slippage, which is the
shortening of the tendon after transfer of the prestressing force, shall be checked according to Annex J.

The measured values have to be in accordance with the limit values indicated in EN 13369:2004, 4.2.3.2.4.

The measured slippage shall not be used to determine the transmission length.

The check does not apply to debonded strands.

9
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

4.2.3.3 End protection of debonded strands

When the ends of debonded strands are protected, a soft material should be used so that as the beam
continues to creep, the unbonded strand length which does not shorten with the beam does not destroy the
end protection. This soft cover (e.g. a bead of foam) should also be used even when the strand is to be cast
into a diaphragm.

4.3 Finished product requirements

4.3.1 Geometrical properties

4.3.1.1 Production tolerances

The permitted deviations of 4.3.1.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall be considered for geometrical dimensions.

For beams and box beams the complementary indications of Table 1 apply.

The permitted deviations indicated in the Table 1 are the limiting values of the difference between actual
values (measured as described in Clause 5) and theoretical values shown on the design drawings; the
permitted deviation of any dimension shall be not less than 5 mm.

Table 1 — Permitted deviations (see Figure 1)

Dimension Permitted deviation

Vertical skewness (v1, see Figure 1b) ± 0,015 h

Horizontal skewness (v2, see Figure 1c) ± 0,02 b or ± 0,02 a (which is relevant)
Verticality (g, see Figure 1d) ± 0,015 h
Lateral deviation (with reference to theoretical axis) ± L/500

Camber or sag (with reference to the declared value evaluated ± 50 % of the declared value or L/800
taking into account the age and the load history of the element)

(which is greater)

10
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Figure 1a

Figure 1b Figure 1c

Figure 1d

Figure 1 — Basic dimensions and deviations

11
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

4.3.1.2 Permitted deviations of inserts and holes

The permitted deviations in positions of inserts and holes (and of minor details not involving the structural
behaviour) shall be specified in the manufacturer drawings.

Lacking different specifications, a permitted deviation of ± 30 mm shall be assumed for a single insert or hole.
For the mutual position within a group, the permitted deviation shall be assumed ± 5 mm.

4.3.1.3 Minimum dimensions

The minimum dimensions of structural members are defined by the structural calculations, by the provision of
the values of cover required by EN 1992-1-1, EN 1992-2 and by this European Standard.

NOTE Greater dimensions can be indicated by the client or by the National Rules having regard to climate and
environment.

4.3.2 Surface characteristics

The external aspect of each precast element shall be inspected at the time of demoulding in order to detect
visible defects, such as voids, surface defects, cracking etc., with reference to J.4 of EN 13369:2004.

Defects of limited importance can be treated after transfer of prestress, preferably using non-shrinkage mortar
or prestress, after a surface cleaning of the defective area.

Cracks perpendicular or almost perpendicular to the direction of prestress, detected before transfer and not
exceeding 0,2 mm in width, shall not be taken into account.

Recesses deeper than 8 mm (5 mm for external surfaces of edge beams or upper surfaces of bottom flanges)
should be filled using an appropriate mortar having strength not less than the concrete of the precast element.
However, the presence of recesses deeper than 15 mm can be a symptom of poor compaction of concrete. In
this case, and if permitted by client repair may be carried out only after a technical assessment of the problem
and its severity is made.

The appearance of the elements is considered acceptable if no honeycombing, broken edges or too many
surface voids are present; cracks should be evaluated case by case.

The methods of inspection of surface characteristics together with procedures for repair will be clearly defined
within the quality system and will include any particular specification (or purchaser's) requirements.

For a thorough description of a factory production control system within a quality system, refer to Clause 6 of
EN 13369:2004.

4.3.3 Mechanical resistance

4.3.3.1 General

4.3.3 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply with the following complementary subclauses.

4.3.3.2 Minimum shear reinforcement

Only elements complying with the minimum shear reinforcement for webs and flanges according to 9.2.2 of
EN 1992-2:2005 shall be used in bridge decks, with the sole exception of solid slabs and infilled beams with
or without in situ topping or under specific customer design allowed in particular application or reduced
dynamic factor (pedestrian and light vehicles bridges).

12
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

4.3.3.3 Structural joints transmitting longitudinal shear

In order to define the characteristics of the elements, structural joints transmitting longitudinal shear between
precast and cast-in-situ concrete shall satisfy 6.2.5 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 and the following additional
requirements.

Interfaces types “very smooth” according EN 1992-1-1:2004, 6.2.5 (2) shall not be considered for shear
transmission.

For joints between concrete surfaces cast in two stages, the surface classification is applied to the surface
into which the second stage concrete is cast.

The design shear resistance per unit design area is given by equation 6.25 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 shear stress
is calculated in accordance with 6.2.5 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 and 6.2.5 of EN 1992-2:2005 in which:

 areas of contact surface where the contact width is less than 20 mm or less than the maximum aggregate
diameter or where the minimum depth of the topping is less than 30 mm shall not be considered;

 under repeated loading, for fatigue verification 6.2.5 (105) of EN 1992-2:2005 applies.

In elements where differential shrinkage is important, the shear stresses induced by it should be taken into
account. The free edges without reinforcement or with only low quantities of reinforcement deserve special
attention.

When the in situ concrete will be fully encased in the precast element, for example as in Figure A.1 f and the
stress in the interface will be less than (0,5 c⋅ fctd) the minimum reinforcement across the interface is not
required. Minimum reinforcement for vertical shear and flange shear in the precast elements shall be provided.

4.3.4 Resistance and reaction to fire

When the verification of the resistance to fire is required or is appropriate because of special situations, the
procedures expressed in 4.3.4 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply.

4.3.5 Acoustic properties

Usually not relevant for precast bridge elements.

If relevant, 4.3.5 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply.

4.3.6 Thermal properties

Usually not relevant for precast bridge elements.

If relevant, 4.3.6 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply.

4.3.7 Durability

4.3.7 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply.

Guidance on ambient conditions is given in the Annex H.

The minimum concrete cover shall be increased by an allowance (∆c) for tolerances, which for precast
elements can be assumed in the range 5 ≤ ∆c ≤ 10 mm depending on the standard of workmanship and
quality control.

13
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

4.3.8 Other requirements

4.3.8 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply.

If precast elements are stored before tensioning and injection, special care shall be devoted to avoid corrosion
of cables and water penetration inside the sleeves.

5 Test methods

5.1 Tests on concrete

Tests on concrete will be performed following the procedures indicated in EN 13369. For topics not covered
by EN 13369, EN 206-1 shall apply.

5.2 Measuring of dimensions and surface characteristics

5.2.1 General

When the measurement of dimensions is required it will be performed following procedures indicated in
EN 13369.

The manufacturer should take measurements at a standard time after casting and record this time.

The measurements shall be taken by qualified people; during the measurements the elements will preferably
be supported in the same way as in the structure; if this is not possible, the effects of the support arrangement
shall be taken into account.

5.2.2 Beams

See Figure 1.

Length (L) Unless otherwise specified, measure the length at the middle height of the beam
and at both sides of it. Both measurements shall comply with the permitted
deviation.

Height (h) The height measured at any section shall comply with the permitted deviation.

Width (a, b, e) Values measured at any cross section shall comply with the permitted deviation.

Flange depth (m, s) Values measured at any cross section shall comply with the permitted deviation.

Vertical skewness Measure v1, according to Figure 1b, at both ends of the beam and at both sides of it.
Each individual measurement shall comply with the permitted deviation.

Horizontal skewness Measure v2, according to Figure 1c, at both ends of the beam. Each individual
measurement shall comply with the permitted deviation.

Verticality Place the beam on horizontal bearings. Verticality measured at any cross section
shall comply with permitted deviation (g, see Figure 1d).

Lateral deviation Place the beam on horizontal bearings. Consider the straight lines joining the
bearing axis at the top and at the bottom of the beam and measure the maximum
deviation of the corresponding lines in the precast element from them (obviously, for
designed curved beams, deviations will be referred to the theoretical axis line). Both
measurements shall comply with permitted deviation. The element shall be
protected from the direct sunlight, to avoid bowing due to heat gain.

14
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Camber or sag Place the beam on horizontal bearings. Measure the maximum distance of the soffit
of the beam from a straight line joining the bearing axis. (Obviously, if the designed
soffit of the beam is curved, the distance will be determined from the theoretical
position of the beam soffit.)

For not mentioned dimensions and for surface characteristics, EN 13369:2004, Annex J applies.

5.2.3 Other elements

For elements other than beams EN 13369:2004, Annex J applies.

5.3 Weight of the products

5.3 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply.

6 Evaluation of conformity
Clause 6 and inspection schemes of Annex D of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. In Table D.4 “Finished product
inspection”, the item 2 “Final inspection” shall include at least the checks of Annex J of this European
Standard.

7 Marking and labelling

Clause 7 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply.

8 Technical documentation
For a bridge made of precast elements, the technical documentation will include the documentation of
Annex M of EN 13369:2004.

15
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Annex A
(informative)

Typology

A.1 Scope
Some examples of elements dealt with in this European Standard are presented in this annex, even if this
annex is not exhaustive.

Other types of precast elements can be used in bridge construction.

A.2 Decks with precast beams as main structural elements

Some types of precast beams used in bridges are sketched in Figure A.1:

 rectangular beams (Figure A.1a);

 I or double T beams (Figure A.1b);

 TT beams (Figure A.1c);

 T beams with (Figure A.1d) or without base enlargement;

 inverted T beams (Figure A.1e and f);

 U beams, V beams (Figure A.1g and h).

16
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Figure A.1 — Some examples of precast beams and related cast in situ concrete

The following sub types of decks result:

a) precast beams, completed by a cast in situ slab (Figure A.2);

b) one or more U beams, completed by cast in situ slab (Figure A.3);

c) segmental beams, completed by cast in situ slab (Figure A.4);

d) precast T beams completed by cast in situ slab (Figure A.5);

e) infilled precast beams (Figure A.6);

f) precast box elements without topping (Figure A.7).

In types from a) to c) thin floor plates are frequently used as permanent formwork for the cast in situ concrete
slab (see B.6).

17
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Key
1 cast in situ slab
2 precast slab (or formwork)

Figure A.2 — Precast beams with cast in situ slab

Figure A.3a

Figure A.3b

Key
1 in situ slab
2 precast beam

Figure A.3 — Single (A.3a) or multiple (A.3b) box girders

18
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Figure A.4a

Figure A.4b

Key
1 connections
2 cast in situ slab
3 precast beam

Figure A.4 — Segmental beams, cast in situ slab

19
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Figure A.5 — Precast beams, cast in situ slab

20
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Figure A.6a

Figure A.6b

Key
1 transverse reinforcement
2 precast elements

Figure A.6 — Infilled precast beams

Figure A.7 — Precast box elements without cast in situ slab

21
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

A.3 Solid slabs

Decks formed by precast slabs over entire span, with longitudinal shear keys, completed by cast in situ
(Figure A.8) or precast slab post-tensioned transversally. Solid slabs are usually used for short spans.

Side
elevation

Cross
section

Key
1 precast slab
2 cast in situ concrete

Figure A.8 — Solid slab

A.4 Segmental decks

Decks formed by a number of short precast segments having width usually equal to the total width of the deck,
connected together by joints transverse perpendicular to the span (Figure A.9).

Figure A.9 — Precast segment

!deleted text"

22
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Annex B
(informative)

Decks formed by beams and slabs

B.1 Scope
This annex deals with decks having precast beams as the main resistant elements, i.e. types described
in A.1 a), b), c) and d).

B.2 Dimensions in the bearing zone

The suggested minimum dimensions for the bearing zone of precast beams are shown in Figure B.1 (full
depth bearings ) and in Figure B.2 (half joints).

Such dimensions are to be intended as design specifications and not as acceptance tolerances.

Deviations from the above values require special detailing provisions to assure safety against local spalling of
concrete.

Half joints (Figure B.2) can lead to durability and maintenance problems because of difficulties in inspection
and in bearings replacement and should be avoided as far as possible.

In case of beams to be placed with a longitudinal gradient greater than 3 %, a cavity should be provided in the
underside of the beam to ensure a horizontal bearing surface at the support. In the cavity area the minimum
concrete cover should still be guarantied.

B.3 Transfer of prestressing

8.10.2 and 8.10.3 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 and 8.10 of EN 1992-2:2005 should apply.

When the prestressing tendons are placed outside of the vertical plane of the webs, a horizontal transfer
check should be made. This is particularly important for very wide elements such as box and U beams.

B.4 Anchorage of the main reinforcement at supports

At the end of the beams, enough support length should be provided to verify that the horizontal force, derived
from the shear mechanism, is resisted by the tension chord.

When the transfer of prestressing is assured by bond (pre-tensioned beams), the part of prestressing
effectively anchored can be evaluated according to 8.10.2.2 and 8.10.2.3 of EN 1992-1-1:2004. The
effectiveness of tendons placed at a distance from the web edge greater than the thickness of the flange
should be verified case by case.

If the force provided by the prestressing is insufficient, adequately anchored reinforcing steel should be added.

23
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Figure B.1 — Dimensions in the bearing zone

24
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 alternative shape of the beam

Figure B.2 — Dimensions in the bearing zone in case of half joints

25
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

B.5 Change of the restraint conditions after the application of loads

A modification in the restraint conditions, by the introduction of additional restraints after the application of
some permanent loads or of the prestressing, can produce a significant variation of the initial stresses and
restraint reaction due to creep-delayed deformations. These should be evaluated using proper theoretical
models or by “step by step” calculations.

A typical case is a bridge, consisting of two or more spans of precast prestressed beams, made continuous by
embedding the beam ends in an in situ diaphragm or crosshead at supports.

B.6 Skewed ends

The skew to the ends of precast beams can cause problems at the acute corner, where the formation of
cracks can cause spalling when the beam cambers at transfer of prestress. Although not structurally
significant, this is undesirable, and is best prevented by blocking out the corner to give a local square end
(Figure B.3).

If there is a cast-in-situ diaphragm, it is generally unnecessary to shape the ends of the beams with the same
skew as the bridge, it being sufficient to cast the diaphragm and the deck slab to the correct skew. For small
values of skew (up to 20°), the ends of the beams can be square. For higher skews it is generally necessary
to skew the ends of the beams in order to limit the increase in thickness of the diaphragm: however two or
three different angled moulds can be sufficient to cover all practical values of skew.

In skew ended beams, the transverse reinforcement should normally be square to the beam axis. Only
reinforcement in the end zone of the beam should be skewed.

In case of relevant skew angles (more than 20°) and use of transverse prestressing, the contact surfaces
should be indented.

B.7 Deck layout

Cambers and differences between cambers of the beams have to be taken into account in the design of the
depth of the deck and in the construction.

If a collision of a vehicle against the deck side or the soffit has to be taken into account, the following
measures can be of help:

 arrange the beams in a way that joints between the beam soffit can be filled with mortar;

 provide several diaphragms in the deck structure to resist the horizontal forces;

 provide lateral restraints to the beams at supports.

26
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

View

Plan

Key
1 diaphragm
2 deck slab
3 beam
4 web hole at end of the beam, for diaphragm reinforcement
5 local square end to beam

Figure B.3 — Local square end of the acute corner

27
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Annex C
(informative)

Use of plates in bridges

C.1 General
This annex deals with the use of concrete precast plates as components of decks bridges designed in
accordance with EN 1992-2 whose main structure can be made with reinforced or prestressed concrete
beams or steel beams.

Floor plates can be:

 used either as ordinary formwork, or as elements acting composite with cast-in-situ concrete in one or
two way spanning composite slab;

 erected with or without intermediate temporary supports.

The thickness at any point of floor plates used in bridges should be not less than 60 mm.

The upper surface of floor plates used in bridges should be always rough or indented.

C.2 Connecting reinforcement

The connection reinforcement between the floor plate and the cast-in-situ concrete should be determined by
2 2
calculation; it should be provided with a minimum section of connecting reinforcement equal to 3,00 cm /m on
the upper face of the floor plate in order to guarantee the connection between floor plates and the cast-in-situ
slab.

The maximum distance between axis lines of lattice girders or connecting reinforcement should be not greater
than 3 times the thickness of the total slab or 600 mm, whichever is the lesser. It is necessary to locate the
lattice girder versus the transverse reinforcement of beams in order to avoid any interference.

NOTE This clause does not apply to floor plates used as simple formwork.

C.3 Connection to beams

The continuity of the concrete part of floor plates over the beams of deck should be avoided (see Figure C.1).

Floor plate width should be compatible with the precamber of main beams to ensure a true and level bearing.

In the case of transversal slope, bearings or other bearing pads should be provided in order to avoid loading
the corner and dripping of liquid mortar (see Figure C.4); restraint against the loss of bearing due to the sliding
of floor plates should be also provided.

In the verification of the longitudinal shear between the beams, the composite slab, the net width of the joint,
wj, should be assumed, without considering the support length of the floor plate on the beam (see Figure C.3).

If in the erection stage the effective support length of the floor plate is less than 40 mm, a temporary support
near the end of the plate should be provided.

28
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

When the ends of prestressing steel of the floor plates are not embedded by the cast-in-situ concrete, they
should be protected.

C.4 Connection between adjacent floor plates

When floor plates act composite with beams in the longitudinal resistance of the bridge, the mechanical
continuity of the reinforcement of the floor plate should be ensured through the joint, as shown for example in
Figure C.2. The joint should provide an adequate cover against the corrosion for transversal lower
reinforcement placed on the plates.

Figure C.1a - Cross section

Figure C.1b - Plan

Figure C.1 — Layout of floor plates on beams

Figure C.2 — Example of joint between floor plates acting composite with beams

29
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Figure C.3 — Net width of the joint, wj

Key
1 mortar

Figure C.4 — Floor plates laying with slope

30
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Annex D
(informative)

Continuity of bridge decks

D.1 Scope
This annex deals with methods of eliminating joints between spans (continuous decks) and between deck and
abutments (integral bridges).

D.2 Continuity of bridge decks

Several methods of eliminating joints in continuous decks incorporating prestressed concrete bridge beams
are used. Some types are illustrated in Figures D.1 to D.6; other types are also possible.

Types 1 and 2 produce full continuity of beams. Also, the use of expensive bridge bearings can be reduced or
eliminated.

Type 3 produces full continuity of beams and with pier.

Types 4, 5 and 6 produce only slab continuity and the beam is designed as simply supported.

(These are described as providing partial continuity, in that the deck slab only is continuous.)

D.3 Hogging moments at supports

If the continuity at supports is achieved by means of ordinary reinforcement, the whole support area should be
considered, for hogging moments, as reinforced concrete. Hogging moments due to loads applied after the
continuity has been obtained and eventually induced by redistribution effects due to creep should be
calculated on the basis of the cracked stiffness.

D.4 Long term sagging moments at supports

Because of the delayed restraint between contiguous spans, even in the absence of variable load, a bending
moment will arise in the connection, sagging if prestress is prevailing over permanent load, hogging in the
opposite case. The evaluation of delayed bending moment can be performed by means of suitable creep
analysis methods.

For prevention of brittle failure at support, see 6.1 of EN 1992-2:2005.

However, because of the uncertainties at the design stage regarding the deformation properties of the
concrete and the precise timing of the construction sequence, the actual effects of creep and shrinkage in the
structure could be significantly different from those calculated. In the case of sagging moment, alternatively, it
is permissible to ignore the redistribution effects due to creep and shrinkage at the SLS by providing an
amount of bottom continuity reinforcement at intermediate supports adequate to control cracking according to
7.3.2 of EN 1992-2:2005.

31
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

For skew decks this simplified procedure applies in the limiting ranges as follows:

a) skews < 20° any aspect ratio;

b) skews > 20° < 40° with aspect ratios not less than 1.

The aspect ratio is defined as the ratio of skew span to breadth of the deck.

Key
1 in situ crosshead 5 crosshead soffit may be flush with beam soffit
2 beam embedment 6 precast bridge beam
3 top continuity reinforcement 7 in situ slab with continuity reinforcement
4 bottom continuity reinforcement

Typical features:
1. Beams are erected on temporary supports generally off pier foundations.
2. Permanent bearings are in single line.
3. Continuity reinforcement is provided in the slab and at the top and bottom of bridge beams.
4. The lapping of reinforcement is normally not difficult.
5. The connection of the beams to the crosshead should be adequately assured.

Figure D.1 — Continuity detail type 1 — Wide in situ integral crosshead

32
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Key
1 in situ crosshead 4 transverse reinforcement through beam webs
2 beam embedment 5 precast bridge beam
3 bottom continuity reinforcement 6 in situ slab with continuity reinforcement

Typical features:
1. Temporary supports are not required.
2. Permanent bearings may be in single or twin line.
3. Continuity reinforcement is provided in the slab and at the bottom of bridge beams.
4. The lapping of bottom reinforcement and the crack control is difficult.

Figure D.2 — Continuity detail type 2 — Narrow in situ integral crosshead

33
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Key
1 in situ crosshead 6 in situ crosshead stage 1
2 beam embedment 7 mortar bed of adequate strength
3 reinforcement protruding from the in situ crosshead stage 1 8 precast bridge beam
4 bottom continuity reinforcement 9 in situ slab with continuity reinforcement
5 transverse reinforcement through beam webs

Typical features:
1. Beams are supported on stage 1 crosshead during erection.
2. Crosshead to be monolithic with pier.
3. Crosshead soffit is normally lower than beam soffit.
4. Reinforcement is similar to types 1 and 2 depending on the cross-section of the stage 1 crosshead.

Figure D.3 — Continuity detail type 3 — Integral crosshead cast in two stages

Key
1 slab separated from beams 3 precast bridge beam
2 compressible filler between slab and beam 4 in situ slab with continuity reinforcement

Typical features:
1. Separate bearings and diaphragms are provided for each span.
2. Deck slab is separated from support beams for a short length to provide rotational flexibility.
3. There is no continuity reinforcement between ends of beams and there is no moment continuity between spans.

Figure D.4 — Continuity detail type 4 — Continuous separate slabs

34
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Key
1 beam embedment 6 compressible joint filler
2 in situ end diaphragms 7 transverse reinforcement through beam webs
3 joint seal 8 precast bridge beam
4 debonding sleeve 9 in situ slab
5 tie reinforcement in stainless steel (see 1 below)

Typical features:
1. The tie reinforcement at mid-depth of the slab is debonded for a short length either side of the joint to permit deck
rotation. There is no moment continuity between spans. The debonding element should act as a barrier to moisture,
and should be continuous along its full length and through the joint seal.
2. Slabs between spans are separated using compressible joint fillers but deck waterproofing and deck surfacing are
continuous and special seals are provided over the joint for double protection.
3. Separate bearings and end diaphragms are provided for each span.

Figure D.5 — Continuity detail type 5 — Tied deck slab

35
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 compressible material

Figure D.6 — Continuity detail type 6

36
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Annex E
(informative)

Infilled beams

E.1 General
This annex deals with decks formed using precast elements placed contiguously and infilled with cast-in-situ
concrete. Two basic types are considered:

 infilled beams with a thin topping (Figure A.6a);

 infilled beams with a thick topping (Figure A.6b).

E.2 Infilled beams with a thin topping

The precast beams (mainly inverted T beams) are infilled with cast-in-situ concrete (see Figure A.6a).

The analysis is usually carried out considering the deck as a monolithic massive slab. The depth of the slab in
the transverse direction is often less than in the longitudinal one; however the assumption in the analysis of an
equal depth in both directions (isotropic slab) usually leads to negligible errors.

Lower transverse reinforcement is required through the beam webs. Upper transverse reinforcement and
shear capacity in the beam interfaces is also required.

The cast-in-situ concrete should cover the top of the beams in order to adequately accommodate the top
reinforcement except in case transverse and/or longitudinal reinforcement is incorporated into the precast unit.

If not required by U.L.S. verification, connecting reinforcement can be avoided provided that the precast
beams have the top surface rough cast and the web sides indented with at least 3 mm deep holes or
transverse furrows.

In order to avoid cracks between precast beams, the spacing between lower transverse reinforcement should
fulfil the requirements of EN 1992-1-1:2004, 9.3.1.1. If the above clause is not fulfilled, the deck cannot be
considered as a massive slab and should be designed as made by beams placed contiguously, connected by
diaphragms where the lower transverse reinforcement is provided.

When the precast units have the same length as the length of the finished deck, an incorporated crosshead
can be constructed by increasing the diameter of the upper and lower transverse reinforcements.

E.3 Infilled beams with a thick topping

This structural type makes use of small beams, placed contiguously, on which a thick in situ concrete slab is
cast (Figure A.6b). The range of application is confined to minor spans, up to about 8 m.

37
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

For this structural type, the bottom transverse reinforcement through holes in the beams is not required
providing that:

a) total depth of the deck is at least twice the depth of the precast beams;

b) cross section of the web is swallow-tailed and the surface is rough or indented (see 6.2.5 of
EN 1992-1-1:2004);

c) lower transverse reinforcement is placed immediately on the top of the beams;

d) analysis and the design are carried out taking into account the different depth in the longitudinal and in
the transverse direction.

Stirrups in the precast elements can be avoided; if shear reinforcement is required by the U.L.S. verification, it
can be placed in the in situ concrete between the beams, provided that it reached the level of the tension
chord.

The transient situation during the in situ casting has to be verified and if necessary a propping of the precast
beams should be provided.

38
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Annex F
(informative)

Precast beams without topping

F.1 Scope
This annex deals with decks formed using precast beams placed contiguously, without cast-in-situ slab. Box
beams are normally used (see for example Figure A.7).

Precast beams without topping can be combined in a bridge deck by:

a) transverse prestressing by post-tensioning:

 with cast-in-situ joints;

 with match-cast joints;

b) reinforcement, protruding from the beam sides with cast-in-situ joints.

F.2 Transverse prestressing by post-tensioning

When the transverse connection is obtained by prestressing, the distance between the post-tensioning units
should not be more than the width of a single beam. The prestressing should be applied perpendicular to the
joint between beams.

Additional ordinary reinforcement, crossing the joint, is not required.

F.3 Reinforced joints

When the transverse connection is obtained by ordinary reinforcement, the length support of the permanent
formwork should be at least 30 mm at each side (see Figure F.1) and the beam sides should be rough or
should have a surface structured to transfer shear forces.

The analysis may be carried out considering the deck as a series of torsional box beams connected by
longitudinal hinges or as an orthotropic slab.

Special attention has to be paid to the protection of the post-tensioning steel in the joints, especially for the
match-cast box beam system.

The construction joints on top of the deck structure have to be made watertight.

39
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Key
1 lap length
2 cast in situ concrete
3 permanent shuttering

Figure F.1 — Reinforced joints

40
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Annex G
(informative)

Precast segmental decks

G.1 General

G.1.1 Description

A segmental deck is a structure formed by a number of precast segments having a length of the same order
of magnitude as the depth of the deck, connected together by joints transverse to the direction of the span.
The performance of the joints between elements influences the way the structure works, there being
discontinuity in the passive reinforcement.

G.1.2 Joints

The joints between segments may be provided in two ways:

 mortar joints: a mortar joint is provided with a width of several centimetres;

 glued joints: joints where, before closure, a layer of epoxy or other synthetic resin is applied on the
surface.

There are some conditioning factors related to the use of each type of joint:

a) in the case of mortar joints, the post-tensioning cannot be applied until the mortar has reached sufficient
strength;

b) glued joints require that adjacent concrete surfaces match. This is generally achieved by using as mould
the surface of the adjacent segment (method of match casting).

G.1.3 Keys

The joint between segments has to be capable to transmit forces parallel to its plane: shear and torsion.

In order to increase the capacity of load transmission salient shear keys can be provided.

The keys are in general multiple and of a small size.

The normal dimensions of the keys (see Figure G.1) in the case of multiple keys are:

 h > 30 mm;

 h > 1,5 times the maximum aggregate size;

 d = 2 h;

 45° ≤ α ≤ 65°.

41
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Figure G.1 — Key

G.1.4 Post-tensioning

Bridges made up of precast segments may use internal or external post-tensioning.

In many cases it is necessary to apply a temporary post-tensioning, in order to keep the segments in their
position or in order to provide the necessary pressure in the case of glued joints.

G.2 Design

G.2.1 Assembly stage

During the assembly, the following actions need to be taken into account:

a) forces originating from theoretical self weight, checking the static equilibrium limit state;

b) forces originating from the assembly equipment (falseworks, launching beams, carriages, etc.) as well as
the self weight of the other segments during transportation. Both the assembly stages and the actions
originating during the transportation of equipment will be checked;

c) wind effects for temporary situations, and induced effects by the assembly procedures;

d) effect of possible thermal variations during the assembly stage.

In the assessment of post-tensioning force using internal prestressing, an increase in the coefficient for losses
due to unintentional angular deviations should be considered, in the order of 2,0.

In the U.L.S. verification, during the erection, post-tensioning tendons in non grouted ducts should be
considered as unbonded.

See also 1.1.3 of 1992-2:2005.

G.2.2 Final situation

In the final situation, the redistribution of action effects due to the changes in the structural system after the
application of self weight and prestressing should be considered.

The effect of shrinkage should be taken into account.

42
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

G.2.3 Checking of joints

G.2.3.1 S.L.S. checking

For glued and mortar joints, the stress limits at the S.L.S. should be as follows:

 minimum compression in any hypothesis: zero tension;

 maximum joint compression:

characteristic combination (rare): 0,6 fckj

quasi-permanent combination: 0,45 fckj

fckj being the concrete or mortar resistance at the time considered.

G.2.3.2 U.L.S. checking

The ultimate resistance to tangential forces in glued joints without keys is:

τRd = 0,6 σnd

σnd being the normal stress acting simultaneously with the tangential force.

The effective area for shear strength is that of the webs plus part of the slab situated within a 45° angle from
the webs.

In joints with keys equation 6.25 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 and of EN 1992-2 applies.

When a partial opening in the joints takes place in a box section, a change in the torsional strength is
produced with an important increase in the tangential stresses, see 6.3.2 (106) of EN 1992-2:2005.

G.2.4 Local transverse bending

In determining the design width for the transverse bending caused by a concentrated load, it is necessary to
take into account its position with respect to the joints, the stress state in the joints and the shear keys effects.

In the case where the joint is open under the design forces, the transmission of forces through it should not be
considered.

In the case of joints with shear keys in longitudinal compressed slabs, the design width may be calculated as
for a monolithic structure.

G.2.5 Discontinuity regions

Discontinuity regions are the parts of the structure where, because of their geometry, or because of being
under important concentrated loads, the hypothesis of plane sections does not apply. In bridges built by
precast segments the diaphragms, the post-tensioning anchorages, and the deflectors of external post-
tensioning are examples of discontinuity regions.

The analysis should be based on suitable models such as “strut and tie” models. In order to limit the crack
opening, the “strut and tie” model should follow as near as possible the elastic distribution of principal stresses.
Reference is made to Annex OO of EN 1992-2:2005; for not covered situations, an elastic finite element
analysis should be carried on before defining the strut and tie model. The design should be performed
according to 6.5 of EN 1992-1-1:2004.

43
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

G.3 Production
The production mould system needs to be designed to allow the introduction of the necessary adjustments in
the mould position in order to guarantee the deck alignment. A constant topographic control should be carried
out, both from the mould’s position and from the precast segment.

Where internal tendons cross the joints, a system should be provided to assure the sealing of ducts through
the joint once the segment has been assembled. An efficient procedure is detailed in Figure G.2.

G.4 Building assembly

G.4.1 Segment positioning

The assembly should be carried out with an installation that allows the correct positioning of each segment by
allowing rotations and shifts. All this will be carried out with a topographical control of the position of each
segment.

G.4.2 Segment sealing

If using resin for jointing the segments, it should have a practical period of appropriate use in order to ensure
plasticity during the positioning and temporary post-tensioning of each segment. On the other hand, it should
have a polymerisation time short enough to achieve the required strength prior to final post-tensioning.

Because these characteristics depend on the temperature, different resin types will be used according to their
application in cold or hot weather.

The resin should not be applied to wet concrete surfaces, unless it is specially formulated for this eventuality.

G.4.3 Post-tensioning

Because of the increased uncertainty of friction losses, it is of great importance to read and record elongation
and slip at the anchorages.

Special care should be devoted to short tendons, in which the reading of elongations is less reliable.

If the tendons are lubricated, in order to ease their movement and decrease the friction coefficient, the
lubrication should be provided by water-soluble oils. Before grouting, any possible remaining lubrication
should be removed by pressure water or air injection.

The water tightness of the ducts should be checked by means of a pressure water injection. If the sealing is
not verified, appropriate measures should be taken, and the ducts should not be grouted until the perfect
sealing is confirmed.

G.4.4 Closing segment

During the in situ casting of the closing segment, connection elements at the edges of the cantilevers should
be placed in order to avoid cracking due to thermal gradient movements during the segment hardening. As
soon as the concrete has reached the strength specified, the continuity post-tensioning should be applied.

44
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Dimensions in millimetres

a) Concrete joint

b) Match-cast joint

Key
1 double layer of liquid applied waterproofing membrane over joints
2 high density polyethylene (HDPE) or polypropylene ducting
3 proprietary coupler with inbuilt rubber seals
4 rubber seal
5 epoxy resin sealant
6 match-cast joint

Figure G.2 — Method of sealing ducts

45
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Annex H
(informative)

Ambient conditions for bridge elements

The ambient conditions according to EN 13369:2004, Annex A, in which the bridge elements are used should
be as follows:

Ambient condition
according to
Description
EN 13369 :2004,
Annex A

 internal face (box beam !deleted text") or external face protected or not
exposed to de-icing salts* and sea water or chemical environment;
C
!deleted text"

 soffits and sides of bridge beams

 external face not protected against de-icing salts;
E  elements located in sea water environment;

 exposed sides of edge beams

G  external face not protected against de-icing salts under severe conditions.

* see 1992-2:2005 point 4.2 (106).

Values of concrete cover should be adopted according to EN 1992-1-1, EN 1992-2 and EN 13369:2004,
Annex A.

For design working life of 100 years, 4.4.1.2 (5) of EN 1992-1-1:2004 applies.

46
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Annex J
(normative)

Finished product inspection

Subject Method Purpose Frequency

Dimensions:

 length;

 height;
Every 5 production days,
 width; Conformity with
on one element taken at
See 5.2 drawings and specified
 flange width; random, every time a
permitted deviations
different type
 vertical skew;

 horizontal skew;

 position of holes or inserts.

Camber or sag Every 5 production days on
Conformity with
one element taken at
Lateral deviation See 5.2 drawings and specified
random, every time a
permitted deviations
different type
Slippage of tendons Appropriate Conformity with 4.2.2 Only for elements for which
check/measurement this check is required,
every 10 elements or at
least one element per
structure
Surface appearance Visual inspection.In Conformity with Every element
case of doubt, check specified permitted
according to J.4 of deviations
EN 13369:2004
Conformity with design
Actual compressive strength at Each prestressing bed
See 5.1 manufacturing
prestressing stage before prestressing
procedure
Correct force in
Measuring of force or
Prestressing force conformity with design Every 5 production days
elongation
specification

The critical dimensions of particular bridge elements will require an increased frequency of checks.

47
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

!deleted text"

48
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Annex ZA
(informative)

Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU

Construction Products Directive

ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics

This European standard has been prepared under the mandate M/100 "Precast Concrete Products"1) given to
CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.

The clauses of this European standard shown in this annex meet the requirements of the mandate given
under the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC).

Compliance with these clauses confers a presumption of fitness of the precast concrete bridge elements
covered by this annex for the intended uses indicated herein; reference shall be made to the information
accompanying the CE marking.

WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives, not affecting the fitness for intended uses, may be
applicable to the precast concrete bridge elements falling within the scope of this standard.

NOTE 1 In addition to any specific clauses relating to dangerous substances contained in this Standard, there may be
requirements applicable to the products falling within its scope (e.g. transposed European legislation and national laws,
regulations and administrative provisions). In order to meet the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive,
these requirements need also to be complied with, when and where they apply.

NOTE 2 An informative database of European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the
Construction web site on EUROPA, accessed through ! http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/cpd-ds/ ".

!This annex establishes the conditions for CE marking of precast concrete structural elements used as
deck elements in bridge construction made of reinforced or prestressed normal weight concrete, intended for
the uses indicated in Table ZA.1 and shows the relevant clause applicable. This annex has the same scope
as Clause 1 of this standard and is defined by Table ZA.1."

The requirement on a certain characteristic is not applicable in those Member States (MSs) where there are
no regulatory requirements for that characteristic for the intended use of the product. In this case,
manufacturers placing their products on the market of these MSs are not obliged to determine nor to declare
the performance of their products with regard to this characteristic and the option “No performance
determined” (NPD) in the information accompanying the CE marking (see ZA.3) may be used. The NPD
option may not be used, however, where the characteristic is subject to a threshold level.

1) As amended.

49
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Table ZA.1 — Relevant clauses for precast bridge elements

Levels
Requirement clauses in this
Essential characteristics and/or Notes and units
standard
class(es)

Compressive strength 2
4.2 Production requirements None N/mm
(of concrete)

Ultimate tensile and tensile yield 2

4.1 Material requirements None N/mm
strength (of steel)

Method 1 Information listed in ZA.3.2 None Geometry and materials

Mechanical
strength Method 2 4.3.3 Mechanical resistance None kNm, kN, kN/m
(by calculation)

Method 3 Design specification None

Method 1 Information listed in ZA.3.2 R Geometry and materials

Resistance to fire Method 2 4.3.4 Resistance to fire R min

Method 3 Design specification R

Durability against corrosion 4.3.7 Durability None Ambient condition

Durability against freeze-thaw 4.3.7 Durability None Ambient condition

4.3.1 Geometrical properties

Detailing or None mm
8 Technical documentation
Method 1 = declaration of geometrical data and material properties (see ZA.3.2);
Method 2 = declaration of the value of the product properties (see ZA.3.3);
Method 3 = declaration of the compliance with given design specification (see ZA.3.4).
One of these alternatives will be selected consistently with the method of CE making (ZA.3.2, ZA.3.1/ZA.3.2 or ZA.3.4).

ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of precast concrete bridge elements

ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity

The system of attestation of conformity of precast concrete bridge elements, for the essential characteristics
indicated in Table ZA.1, in accordance with the decision of the Commission 1999/94/EC of 25 January 1999
as given in Annex III of the Mandate M/100 ”Precast concrete products”, is shown, for the indicated intended
use, in Table ZA.2:

50
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

Table ZA.2 — System of attestation of conformity

Attestation of conformity
Product(s) Intended use(s) Level(s) or class(es)
system(s)

precast concrete bridge

Structural - 2+
elements

System 2+ : See CPD Annex III-2 (ii) First possibility, including certification of the factory production control by an approved
body on the basis of initial inspection of factory and of factory production control as well as of continuous surveillance,
assessment and approval of factory production control.

The attestation of conformity of precast concrete bridge elements, for the essential characteristics indicated in
Table ZA.1, shall be based on the evaluation of conformity procedure indicated in Table ZA.3, resulting from
the application of the clauses of this or other European Standards indicated therein.

Table ZA.3 — Assignment of evaluation of conformity tasks for precast concrete bridge elements
under system 2+ +

Evaluation of conformity
Tasks Content of the tasks
clauses to apply

6.2.2 of EN 13369:2004 and

All characteristics in
Initial type testing
Table ZA.1
Parameters related to all
Factory production control characteristics in
Tasks for the manufacturer Table ZA.1
Clause 6 of this European
Standard
6.3 of EN 13369:2004 and
Clause 6 of this European
Standard

!6.3"
Further testing of samples All characteristics in of EN 13369:2004 and
taken at the factory Table ZA.1 Clause 6 of this European
Standard

 compressive strength
(of concrete);

 ultimate tensile and 6.1.3.2 a) and 6.3 of

Initial inspection of factory tensile yield strength; EN 13369:2004 and
and of factory production
Clause 6 of this European
control  detailing; Standard
 durability;
Certification of
Tasks for factory  resistance to fire R.
the notified production
body control on the  compressive strength
basis of: (of concrete);

 ultimate tensile and 6.1.3.2 b) and 6.3 of

Continuous surveillance,
tensile yield strength; EN 13369:2004 and
assessments and approval
Clause 6 of this European
of factory production control  detailing; Standard
 durability;

 resistance to fire R.

51
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

ZA.2.2 EC Certificate and Declaration of conformity

When compliance with the conditions of this annex is achieved, and once the notified body has drawn up the
certificate mentioned below, the manufacturer or his agent established in the EEA shall prepare and retain a
declaration of conformity, which entitles the manufacturer to affix the CE marking. This declaration shall
include:

 name and address of the manufacturer, or his authorised representative established in the EEA, and the
place of production;

NOTE 1 The manufacturer may also be the person responsible for placing the product onto the EEA market, if he
takes responsibility for CE marking.

 description of the product (type, identification, use, ...), and a copy of the information accompanying the
CE marking;

NOTE 2 Where some of the information required for the Declaration is already given in the CE marking information,
it does not need to be repeated.

 provisions to which the product conforms (e.g. Annex ZA of this EN);

 particular conditions applicable to the use of the product (e.g. provisions for use under certain conditions,
etc);

 number of the accompanying factory production control certificate;

 name of, and position held by, the person empowered to sign the declaration on behalf of the
manufacturer or his authorised representative.

The declaration shall be accompanied by a factory production control certificate, drawn up by the notified body,
which shall contain, in addition to the information above, the following:

 name and address of the notified body;

 number of the factory production control certificate;

 conditions and period of validity of the certificate, where applicable;

 name of, and position held by, the person empowered to sign the certificate.

The above mentioned declaration and the certificate shall be presented in the official language or languages
of the Member State in which the product is to be used.

ZA.3 CE marking and labelling

ZA.3.1 General

The manufacturer or his authorised representative established within the EEA is responsible for the affixing of
the CE marking. The CE marking symbol to affix shall be in accordance with Directive 93/68/EC and shall be
shown on the product (or when not possible it may be on the accompanying label, the packaging or on the
accompanied commercial documents e.g. a delivery note).

52
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

The following information shall accompany the CE marking symbol:

 identification number of the certification body;

 name or identifying mark and registered address of the producer;

 the last two digits of the year in which the marking is affixed;

 number of the EC factory production control certificate;

 reference to this European Standard;

 description of the product: generic name and intended use;

 information on those relevant essential characteristics listed in Table ZA.1 which are listed in the relevant
ZA.3.2, ZA.3.3 or ZA.3.4;

 "No performance determined" for characteristics where this is relevant.

The "No performance determined" (NPD) option may not be used where the characteristic is subject to a
threshold level. Otherwise, the NPD option may be used when and where the characteristic, for a given
intended use, is not subject to regulatory requirements in the Member State of destination.

In the following subclauses the conditions are given for the application of CE marking. Figure ZA.1 gives the
simplified label to affix to the product, containing the minimum set of information and the link to the
accompanying document where the other required information is given. For what concern the information on
essential characteristics, some of them may be given by an unambiguous reference to:

 technical information (product catalogue) (see ZA.3.2);

 technical documentation (ZA.3.3);

 design specification (ZA.3.4).

The minimum set of information to be put directly in the affixed label or in the companying document is given
in Figures ZA.2, ZA.3 and ZA.4.

ZA.3.1.1 Simplified label

In the case of simplified label the following information shall be added to the CE marking symbol:

 name or identifying mark and registered address of the producer;

 identification number of the unit (to ensure traceability);

 last two digits of the year in which the marking is affixed;

 number of the EC factory production control certificate;

 reference to this European Standard.

The same identification number shall mark, in the accompanying documents, the information related to the
unit.

Figure ZA.1 gives the simplified label to affix to the product, containing the minimum set of information. The
other information defined in ZA.3.1 and not given with the simplified label shall be provided with the
accompanying documents.

53
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

CE conformity marking consisting of the CE

symbol given in directive 93/68/EEC

AnyCo Ltd, PO Bx 21, B-1050 Name or identifying mark and registered

address of the producer

45PJ76 Identification number of the unit.

07 Last two digits of the year in which the

marking was affixed

0123-CPD-0456 Number of the FPC certificate

EN 15050 Number of this European Standard

Figure ZA.1 — Example of simplified label

NOTE For small elements or for product stamping reasons, the size can be reduced by removing reference to EN
and/or to FPC certificate.

ZA.3.2 Declaration of geometrical data and material properties

(Method 1 to determine properties relating to essential requirements "mechanical resistance and stability" and
"resistance to fire".)

Figure ZA.2 gives, for a type of bridge element, the model CE marking inclusive of the information needed to
determine, according to design regulation valid in the place of use, the properties related to mechanical
resistance and stability and resistance to fire, including aspects of durability and serviceability.

Referring to Table ZA.1 and to the information quoted in the list of ZA.3.1, the following properties shall be
declared:

 compressive strength of concrete;

 ultimate tensile strength of reinforcing steel;

 tensile yield strength of reinforcing steel;

 ultimate tensile strength of prestressing steel;

 tensile 0,1 proof stress of prestressing steel;

 geometrical data (only critical dimensions);

 conditions for durability;

 possible reference to Technical Information (product catalogue) for detailing, durability and geometrical
data.

54
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

CE conformity marking consisting of the CE

symbol given in directive 93/68/EEC

0123 Identification of the notified body

AnyCo Ltd, PO Bx 21, B-1050 Name or identifying mark and registered

address of the producer

07 Last two digits of the year in which the

marking was affixed

0123-CPD-0456 Number of the FPC certificate

EN 15050 Number and title of European Standard

concerned

Bridge element Generic name and intended use

BEAM (for bridges)

Concrete:
2
Compressive strength ..................fck = xx N/mm Information on product geometry and
Reinforcing steel: material characteristics including detailing
2
Ultimate tensile strength................ftk = yyy N/mm (to be adapted to the specific product by
2
Tensile yield strength ....................fyk = zzz N/mm the producer)
Prestressing steel:
2
Ultimate tensile strength................fpk = uuu N/mm
2
Tensile 0.1 % proof-stress ............fp0.1k = www N/mm
NOTE The sketch may be omitted if
equivalent information are available in clearly
identified Technical Information (product
catalogue) referred to.

Section of beam
Series IB Type
1 200 × 12 000

For detailing and durability see Technical Information

Technical Information: Section of beam

Product Catalogue ABC : 2002 – clause ii

Figure ZA.2 — Example of CE marking with Method 1 for bridge elements

55
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

ZA.3.3 Declaration of product properties

(Method 2 to determine properties relating to essential requirements "mechanical resistance and stability" and
"resistance to fire".)

For all design data, including models and parameters used in calculation, reference may be made to the
technical (design) documentation.

Referring to the information and declared values quoted in the list of ZA.3.1, the following properties shall be
declared (when relevant):

 compressive strength of concrete;

 ultimate tensile strength of reinforcing steel;

 tensile yield strength of reinforcing steel;

 ultimate tensile strength of prestressing steel;

 tensile 0,1 proof stress of prestressing steel;

 mechanical ultimate strength of the element (design values for non-seismic situations) with axial
compression capacity for some eccentricities or with bending moment capacity and shear capacity of
critical sections;

 safety factors for concrete and steel used in calculation;

 resistance to fire R class;

 other Nationally Determined Parameters NDPs used in calculation;

 conditions for durability against corrosion;

 conditions for durability against freeze-thaw;

 possible reference to Technical Documentation for geometrical data, detailing, durability, other NDPs.

Figure ZA.3 gives, for bridge elements, the model CE marking in the case in which the properties related to
mechanical resistance and stability and resistance to fire are determined by the producer by means of
EN Eurocodes.

The design values of the mechanical ultimate strength of the element and the resistance to fire class shall be
computed using, for the Nationally Determined Parameters, either the values recommended in EN 1992-1-1
and EN 1992-1-2 or the values given in the National Annex of the EN Eurocodes applicable to the works.

56
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

CE conformity marking consisting of the CE

symbol given in directive 93/68/EEC

0123 Identification of the notified body

AnyCo Ltd, PO Bx 21, B-1050 Name or identifying mark and registered

address of the producer

07 Last two digits of the year in which the

marking was affixed

0123-CPD-0456 Number of the FPC certificate

EN 15050 Number and title of European Standard

concerned

Bridge element Generic name and intended use

BEAM (for bridges)

Concrete:
2
Compressive strength ...................fck = xx N/mm Information on product mandated
Reinforcing steel: characteristics including detailing
2
Ultimate tensile strength................ftk = yyy N/mm (to be adapted to the specific product by
2
Tensile yield strength ....................fyk = zzz N/mm the producer)
Prestressing steel:
2
Ultimate tensile strength................fpk = uuu N/mm
2
Tensile 0.1 % proof-stress ............fp0.1k = www N/mm
Mechanical resistance (design values):
Bending moment capacity
(of the middle section) ............................... mmm kNm
Shear capacity (of the end sections) .................vvv kN
Material safety factors applied in strength calculation:
For concrete .................................................. γc = z.zz
For steel ........................................................ γs = x.xx
Resistance to fire ........................... RXX for ηfi = 0.xx
RYY for ηfi = 0.yy NOTE The values of Resistance to fire may
be replaced by a reference to the pertinent part
........................................................ of the Technical documentation.

For geometrical data, detailing, durability, possible

complementary information on fire resistance and
other NDPs see the Technical documentation

Technical Documentation:
Position Number ............................................ xxxxxx

Figure ZA.3 —Example of CE marking with Method 2 for bridge elements

57
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

ZA.3.4 Declaration of compliance with a given design specification

(Method 3 to determine properties relating to essential requirements "mechanical resistance and stability" and
"resistance to fire").

The Method 3 applies in the following situations:

a) for cases in which the element is produced in accordance with the design details (drawings, material
specifications, etc.) prepared by the designer of the works2) following the National Provisions, component
hENs or ETAs shall provide, where relevant, that the information to accompany the CE marking with
regard to the product properties can be given by making reference, in an unambiguous way, to the
respective design documents of the works;

b) for cases in which the producer has designed and produced a bridge element following the provisions of
the client’s order, in accordance with the National Provisions applicable to the works, the component hEN
or ETA shall provide, where relevant, that the information to accompany the CE marking with regard to
the product properties can be given by making reference, in an unambiguous way, to the drawings and
material specifications linked to the client’s order.

Figure ZA.4 gives, for bridge elements, the model CE marking in the case the product is produced according
to a design specification in which the properties related to mechanical resistance and stability and resistance
to fire are determined by means of design provisions applicable to the works.

Referring to the information and declared values quoted in the list of ZA.3.1, the following properties shall be
declared (when relevant):

 compressive strength of concrete;

 ultimate tensile strength of reinforcing steel;

 tensile yield strength of reinforcing steel;

 ultimate tensile strength of prestressing steel;

 tensile 0,1 proof stress of prestressing steel;

 resistance to fire class.

2) Or the designer of the concerned part of the works.

58
 BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
(E)

CE conformity marking consisting of the

CE symbol given in directive 93/68/EEC

0123 Identification of the notified body

AnyCo Ltd, PO Bx 21, B-1050 Name or identifying mark and registered

address of the producer

07 Last two digits of the year in which the

marking was affixed

0123-CPD-0456 Number of the FPC certificate

EN 15050 Number and title of European Standard

concerned

Bridge element Generic name and intended use

BEAM (for bridges)

Concrete:
2
Compressive strength ...................fck = xx N/mm
Reinforcing steel: Information on product mandated
2
Ultimate tensile strength................ftk = yyy N/mm characteristics including detailing
2
Tensile yield strength ....................fyk = zzz N/mm (to be adapted to the specific product by
Prestressing steel: the producer)
2
Ultimate tensile strength fpk = uuu N/mm
2
Tensile 0.1 % proof-stress fp0.1k = www N/mm

For geometrical data, detailing, mechanical strength,

fire resistance and durability see the design
specifications

Design Specification:
Order Code.................................................... xxxxxx

Figure ZA.4 —Example of CE marking with Method 3 for bridge elements

In addition to any specific information relating to dangerous substances, the product should be also
accompanied, when and where required and in the appropriate form, by documentation listing any other
legislation on dangerous substances for which compliance is claimed, together with any information required
by that legislation.

NOTE 1 European legislation without national derogations need not be mentioned.

NOTE 2 Affixing the CE marking symbol means, if a product is subject to more than one directive that it complies with
all applicable directives.

59
BS EN 15050:2007+A1:2012
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)
EN 15050:2007+A1:2012 (E)

Bibliography

[1] EN 1991-2:2003, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures — Part 2: Traffic loads on bridges

[2] EN 1998-1:2004, Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance — Part 1: General rules,
seismic actions and rules for buildings

[3] EN 1998-2:2005, Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance — Part 2: Bridges

[4] EN 10080, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Weldable reinforcing steel — General

[5] EN 13747:2005, Precast concrete products — Floor plates for floor systems

[6] EN 1997-1:2004, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design — Part 1: General rules

60
blank
British Standards Institution (BSI)
BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other
standards-related publications, information and services. It presents the UK view on standards
in Europe and at the international level.
BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter . British Standards and other standardization
products are published by BSI Standards Limited .
Revisions
British Standards and PASs are periodically updated by amendment or
revision. Users of British Standards and PASs should make sure that they
possess the latest amendments or editions.
It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and
services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity
while using British Standards would inform the Secretary of the technical
committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front
cover. Similary for PASs, please notify BSI Customer Services.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001
BSI offers BSI Subscribing Members an individual updating service called
PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions
of British Standards and PASs.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7669 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001
Email: plus@bsigroup.com
Buying standards
You may buy PDF and hard copy versions of standards directly using a
credit card from the BSI Shop on the website www.bsigroup.com/shop.
In addition all orders for BSI, international and foreign standards publications
can be addressed to BSI Customer Services.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001
Email: orders@bsigroup.com
In response to orders for international standards, BSI will supply the British
Standard implementation of the relevant international standard, unless
otherwise requested.
BSI
389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL UK
Tel +44 (0)20 8996 9001
Fax +44 (0)20 8996 7001
www.bsigroup.com/standards
raising standards worldwide™
Information on standards
BSI provides a wide range of information on national,
European and international standards through its Knowledge
Centre.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7004 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7005
Email: knowledgecentre@bsigroup.com
BSI Subscribing Members are kept up to date with standards
developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price
of standards. For details of these and other benefits contact Membership
Administration.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7002 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001
Email: membership@bsigroup.com
Information regarding online access to British Standards and
PASs via British Standards Online can be found at
www.bsigroup.com/BSOL
Further information about British Standards is available on the BSI
website at www.bsigroup.com/standards
Copyright
All the data, software and documentation set out in all British Standards
and other BSI publications are the property of and copyrighted by BSI,
or some person or entity that owns copyright in the information used
(such as the international standardization bodies) has formally licensed
such information to BSI for commercial publication and use. Except as
permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no
extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in
any form or by any means – electronic, photocopying, recording or
otherwise – without prior written permission from BSI. This does not
preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of
necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If
these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation
then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained. Details and
advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Department.
Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070
Email: copyright@bsigroup.com