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3 Ecuaciones Reciprocas
3 Ecuaciones Reciprocas
(𝑥 − 1)[3(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1) − 13𝑥 ] = 0
(𝑥 − 1)[3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 3 − 13𝑥 ] = 0
(𝑥 − 1)[3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 3] = 0
𝑥1 = 1 (3𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) = 0 x -3 - x
-10x
3𝑥 − 1 = 0 , 𝑥−3=0
3𝑥 = 1 𝑥3 = 3
𝑥2 = 1 (3 𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠)
2) 2𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 − 2 = 0
2(𝑥 4 − 1) + 5𝑥(𝑥 2 − 1) = 0
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 1)[2(𝑥 2 + 1) + 5𝑥 ] = 0
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 1)[2𝑥 2 + 2 + 5𝑥 ] = 0
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 1)[2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2] = 0
𝑥+1=0 , 𝑥−1=0 , 2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2 = 0 , 2x 1 4x
𝑥1 = −1 𝑥2 = 1 , (2𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2) = 0 x 2 x
2𝑥 + 1 = 0 , 𝑥+2=0 5x
2𝑥 = −1 𝑥4 = −2
1
𝑥3 = − (4 𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠)
2
3) 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1 = 0
(𝑥 3 − 1) + (−𝑥 2 + 𝑥) = 0
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1) − 𝑥(𝑥 − 1) = 0
(𝑥 − 1)[(𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1) − 𝑥 ] = 0
(𝑥 − 1)[𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥 ] = 0
(𝑥 − 1)[𝑥 2 + 1] = 0
𝑥−1=0 , 𝑥2 + 1 = 0
𝑥1 = 1 𝑥 2 = −1
√𝑥 2 = √−1 → 𝑥 = ±𝑖 , 𝑥2 = 𝑖 𝑥3 = −𝑖
(1 𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑧 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑦 2 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑠)
𝑥4 + 1 𝑥3 + 𝑥 4𝑥 2
( 2 ) − 3( 2 ) + 2 = 0
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
1 1 1
(𝑥 2 + ) − 3 (𝑥 + ) + 4 = 0 , cambio de variable 𝑥+ =𝑎
𝑥2 𝑥 𝑥
1 2
(𝑎2 − 2) − 3𝑎 + 4 = 0 (𝑥 + ) = 𝑎2
𝑥
1 1 2
𝑎2 − 2 − 3𝑎 + 4 = 0 𝑥 2 + 2(𝑥) ( ) + ( ) = 𝑎2
𝑥 𝑥
1
𝑎2 − 3𝑎 + 2 = 0 𝑥2 + 2 + = 𝑎2
𝑥2
1
(𝑎 − 2)(𝑎 − 1) = 0 𝑥2 + = 𝑎2 − 2
𝑥2
𝑎−2=0 , 𝑎−1=0
𝑎=2 𝑎=1
1
𝑥+ =𝑎 volvemos a cambiar variable
𝑥
1 1
𝑥+ =2 𝑥+ =1
𝑥 𝑥
𝑥 2 + 1 = 2𝑥 𝑥2 + 1 = 𝑥
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 0 𝑥2 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0
−𝑏±√𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 1) = 0 𝑥=
2𝑎
−(−1)±√(−1)2 −4(1)(1)
𝑥−1=0 , 𝑥−1=0 𝑥=
2(1)
1±√1−4
𝑥1 = 1 𝑥2 = 1 𝑥=
2
1±√−3
𝑥=
2
1±√3𝑖
𝑥=
2
1+√3𝑖 1−√3𝑖
𝑥3 = 𝑥4 =
2 2