Johari Window-

The method of conveying and accepting feedback is interpreted in this model. A

Johari is represented as a common window with four panes. Two of these panes
represent self and the other two represent the part unknown to self but to others. The
information transfers from one pane to the other as the result of mutual trust which
can be achieved through socializing and the feedback got from other members of the
group.
Work-life Balance
These days, work-life balance can seem like an impossible feat. Technology makes
workers accessible around the clock. Fears of job loss incentivize longer hours. In
fact, a whopping 94% of working professionals reported working more than 50 hours
per week and nearly half said they worked more than 65 hours per week in a
Harvard Business School survey. Experts agree: the compounding stress from the
never-ending workday is damaging. It can hurt relationships, health and overall
happiness
Job Description
A job description or JD is a written narrative that describes the general tasks, or
other related duties, and responsibilities of a position.
Without a job description, it is usually challenging for a person to commit to or be
held accountable for a role properly. Provides continuity of role parameters
irrespective of manager interpretation, Enables pay and grading systems to be
structured fairly and logically,
360 degree feedback
360-degree feedback is a multidimensional performance appraisal method that
evaluates an employee using feedback collected from the employee’s circle of
influence namely managers, peers, customers, and direct reports. This method will
not only eliminate bias in performance reviews but also offer a clear understanding of
an individual’s competence.
Ideal for:
Private sector organizations than public sector organisations as peer reviews at
public sector organizations are more lenient.
Nepotism
Nepotism refers to when those who have power show special and unfair favor to
those they know, typically family and friends. 
Former President of Sri Lanka, Mahinda Rajapaksa, has been accused of nepotism,
appointing three brothers to run important ministries and giving out other political
positions to relatives, regardless of their merit. ... Rajapaksa appointed his brother
Basil Rajapaksa as minister of Economic Development.
Classical conditioning can be defined as a progression of events where an
unconditioned stimulus follows a conditioned stimulus. Normally, the unconditioned
stimulus results in an unconditioned response but when conditioning or training is
involved, it can cause a conditioned response

HR Gamification involves applying behaviour-motivating techniques from games to

non-game situations. With a growing number of tech-savvy millennials and Gen Zers
in the workforce, and tougher competition than ever for strong candidates, gamifying
HR activities can be the engagement edge employers need.
 Gamification uses elements of gaming — including competition, rewards, level
ascension, and more — to keep customers or employees engaged in a task or
learning scenario.
Succession planning is a strategy for passing on leadership roles—often the
ownership of a company—to an employee or group of employees. Also known as
"replacement planning," it ensures that businesses continue to run smoothly after a
company's most important people move on to new opportunities, retire, or pass
away.
A succession plan is a plan that focuses on identifying and developing employees in
order to help them advance within an organization. Succession planning is important
because, as an organization grows, it's more cost effective to develop current
employees for key positions rather than hire new people.
Example: Honeywell, IBM, Marriott, Microsoft, Pepsi

What is a labor strike and why were they used?

Strike action, also called labor strike, labour strike, or simply strike, is a work
stoppage, caused by the mass refusal of employees to work. A strike usually takes
place in response to employee grievances. ... Strikes are sometimes used to
pressure governments to change policies.

 TQM is vital as the customers measure their satisfaction with the quality of services
they receive. TQM is therefore a major strategy of HRM for ensuring the success of
the organization through improving the services and products offered by the
company to the customers.
Toyota implemented Kanban System to make its assembly line more efficient.  The
company decided to keep just enough inventories to fulfill customer orders as they
were generated.
A core definition of Total Quality Management, or TQM, is a management
approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction. All employees of a
company or organization employing a TQM approach participate in improving
processes, products, services, and the culture
How does HR fit into the TQM strategy/effort?

 Motivating staff to achieve total quality

 HR professionals act as internal consultants to other departments
 Key role in building the TQM culture

Collective bargaining is the process in which working people, through their unions,

negotiate contracts with their employers to determine their terms of employment,
including pay, benefits, hours, leave, job health and safety policies, ways to balance
work and family, and more.

Benefits. Wages and benefits generally are the most contested sections within
a collective bargaining agreement. ... An HR manager's role in
contract negotiations requires the ability to prepare employee benefits proposals,
trade-offs and concessions that aid fruitful negotiations. Examples of some of the
many topics covered in CBAs between management and employees
include employee wages, hours, benefits, time off, raises, promotions, and
disciplinary issues
Situational leadership theory purports that there is no single best style of
leadership. Its fundamental principal is that the most effective leaders adapt their
style of leadership based on the current climate of their company and on the
development of their employees.  Steve Jobs adopted a different set of tactics and
strategies known as the situational leadership. 
Situational leadership is a way of adjusting one’s management style to adapt to
each situation or task, and the needs of the team or team member.
What are the four leadership styles of situational leadership?
 Telling
 Selling 
 Participating
 Delegating 
A strong leader should develop the following characteristics of situational
leadership include:
 Flexibility
 Active listening 
 Clear direction 
 Encourage participation