Professional Documents
Culture Documents
01 Sladjana Spasic
01 Sladjana Spasic
10 Sla|ana Spasi}
}ih i podizawe novih utvr|ewa (ozbiqna rekonstrukcija tvr|ava na rajnskom
i dunavskom limesu), {to je iziskivalo nov~ana sredstva i qudstvo, tako da
najbli`e kovnice na osnovu naloga namenski kuju bakarni i bronzani novac.
Samim tim, bilo je neophodno u kovnicama, npr. Sisciji, koja se nalazila na
va`nom polo`aju, anga`ovati stru~nu i pomo}nu radnu snagu. To je dovelo do
velike produktivnosti pojedinih kovnica, naro~ito pomenute kovnice Si-
scija, u periodu od 364. do 375. godine.
Hemijski sastav legura novca kovanog u Tesalonici, u IV veku, sli~an je onom
iz ostalih carskih kovnica tog vremena. Na osnovu sastava legura postoje tri pe-
rioda kovawa u Tesalonici. U posledwem periodu (355ñ392) kuje se novac od ba-
kra i razli~itih vrsta bronze ñ kalajne, olovne i olovno-kalajne.7 Po svom sasta-
vu novac kovan u Tesalonici najsli~niji je novcu kovanom u Sisciji.
Tako hemijski sastav legura novca kovanog u Sisciji u IV veku pokazuje vi-
sok sadr`aj kalaja i zna~ajan procenat antimona.8
Ovaj nalaz predstavqa novac koji je bio u svakodnevnoj upotrebi. U pita-
wu je bronzani novac koji je kao i posrebrena kovawa stalno bio u opticaju.
Novac je lo{e o~uvan usled duge upotrebe i dejstva korozionih procesa nasta-
lih na osnovu lo{eg kvaliteta legure od koje je novac kovan. I ina~e novac Va-
lentinijana I i Valensa zastupqen je kao pojedina~ni i slu~ajni nalaz na teri-
toriji koju pokriva Narodni muzej Kraqevo, na primer nominal AE 3 Valenti-
nijana I kovan u Sisciji tip SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE.
Na osnovu ovog numizmati~og materijala, odnosno na|enog rimskog i vi-
zantijskog bronzanog novca trajawe kasnoanti~kog utvr|ewa na lok. Gradi{te
u ^ukojevcu mo`e se svesti na period od druge polovine IV veka do druge polo-
vine VI veka.
KATALOG NOVCA
Novac je opredeqen prema:
Znakom Ñ/î odvojena su slova u poqu levo i desno, a ako postoje slova jedno
iznad drugog, prvo slovo je gorwe; drugo dowe, znakom Ñ//î izdvojen je odse~ak.
5. Valens (364ñ378) ñ AE 3; 15 mm; 1,94 g. Inv. br. 2824. RIC 27b, 364ñ367.
Kovnica Tesalonika.
Av. [DN VALENS] P F AVG. Poprsje cara nadesno, na glavi dijadema,
poprsje pod pla{tom.
Rv. [GLOR]IA ñ ROMANORVM. Car se kre}e nadesno, dr`i zastavu
levom rukom, dodiruje zarobqenika koji kle~i.
B / // TES
12 Sla|ana Spasi}
10. Rim, novac jednog od vladara druge polovine IV veka ñ AE; 15,5 mm; 0,80 g.
Inv. br. 2833.
11. Justin I (518ñ527) folis; 30 mm; 10,46 g. Inv. br. 2826. BMC 20ñ28.
Kovnica Konstantinopolis.
Av. [DN] IVST[I-NVS PP AVG]. Poprsje cara nadesno, na glavi dijadema.
Rv. Veliko slovo M izme|u dve zvezde, iznad slova je krst (?), a ispod
oznaka oficine [ ? ].
CON
12. Justinijan I (527ñ565) polufolis; 21 mm; 4,12 g. Inv. br. 2834. BMC
160-1. Kovnica Tesalonika.
Av. [DN IVSTINIANVS PP AV]. Bista cara spreda sa kacigom
i dijademom na glavi, poprsje pod oklopom i pla{tom, u desnoj ruci
dr`i glob sa krstom, a u levoj krst.
Rv. U sredini K, iznad krst, levo A/N/N/O, desno brojevi
koji ozna~avaju godine vladavine
XX[XVIII].
TES
Nominali rimskog i vizantijskog novca su navedeni u skra}enom ili pu-
nom obliku: AE 3, 4, majorina, folis, polufolis.
14 Sla|ana Spasi}
BIBLIOGRAFIJA
Summary
During the archaeological probe excavation of the antique remains at the locality Gradi{te in the village
of ^ukojevac near Kraljevo, organized by the National Museum Kraljevo in the period 2002-3, a late antiquity
fortification was discovered. The first data about this locality were given by Felix Kanitz. He spoke about the
remnants of a Roman fortification at this place. Prior to the excavation, the owner of the land on which the
remnants of the fortification are located had devastated 80% of the locality.
During the research, 12 Roman and Byzantine bronze coins were found. Out of 10 pieces of Roman
coins: 6 pieces were found in the cultural layers, and 4 specimens were found in the devastated part of the local-
ity, while 2 Byzantine coins were found in the cultural layers. With some exceptions, the coins were poorly pre-
served. Out of that number, it was possible to completely read 9 specimens and, on the basis of the preserved
markings, identify the imperial mint in which they had been made, and the text without identification of the
mint could be read on 3 specimens. Only one coin was entirely illegible and it dates from the IV century.
Although the quantity of the numismatic material is small, it is significant because it mostly originates from
the established archaeological layers and, together with the other movable material (ceramic, metal, bone), it
indicates the long duration of the fortification. The oldest specimen of the Roman coins was minted during
the rule of Julian II (360-363), and the youngest one belongs to the period of rule of Arcadius (383-408). The
Byzantine coins were minted during the rule of Justin I (518-527) and Justinianus I (527-565). The coins were
minted in the central mints in Siscia and Thessalonica and the eastern mints in Antiohia and Constantinople.
On the basis of the chemical composition of alloys used for making coins, Siscia minting (3 pcs) and
Thessalonica minting (3 pcs) are most similar. The coins of Valentinian I and Valens, i.e. the bronze coins type
GLORIA ROMANORVM and SECVRITAS REIPVBLICAE are the most numerous. The coins with the faces of
the following rulers: Julian I (cat. no. 1), Valentinian I (cat. no. 2), Valens (cat. no. 4, 5, 6), Valentinian II (cat.
no. 3), Theodosius I (cat. no. 7, 8), Arcadius (cat. no. 9), illegible IV century (cat. no. 10), Justin I (cat. no. 11),
Justinianus I (cat. no. 12) were found.
On the basis of the discovered Roman and Byzantine bronze coins, the duration of the late antiquity forti-
fication can be limited to the period from the second half of the IV century to the first half of the VI century.
16 Sla|ana Spasi}