Course Title: Earth Science Score:

Course Description: Earth Science Lecture and Laboratory

2nd Quarter Modular Learning Output # 1

Expected Time Completion: 20 hours

Topic: Water Resources

LEARNING ACTIVITY

Activity 1: Groundwater and Well

Introduction:
Groundwater is considered the largest reservoir of freshwater. Access to this freshwater is through the
construction of well which is a man-made hole that is dug or drilled deep enough to intersect the water table.

Objective: To demonstrate the construction of well by considering the distance above the sea level.

Procedure:

Answers:
Well Distance above the water table (ft) Distance to be dug from the surface to
make a well (ft). It should intersect the
water table. Answers may vary.
1
2
3
4
5
6

Questions for Research

1. What will happen to the level of the water table when recharge increases relative to discharge? Where
does discharge of water from the groundwater system take place?

2. What is the relationship between the water table and the location of surface water features? Briefly
explain your answer.

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Activity 2: Identifying Soil Texture
(Note: You can do the activity with your neighbor classmates or virtually by group. Thus, someone will do the
hands-on activity while others will be observing online if that someone is doing the correct procedure.

Objective: Identify the soil texture by simple method of measurement

Materials: soil samples from your backyard or garden

Tall, clear, straight jar
Newspapers, mortar and pestle (use any alternatives to pound the soil into smaller sizes or
pulverized form)
1 tsp of dishwashing liquid; ruler

Sample setup
Procedure:
1. Spread the soil on a newspaper to dry.
2. Crush the lumps and finely pulverize the soil.
3. Fill the tall, slender jar ¼ full of soil.
4. Add water until it is ¾ full.
5. Add 1 teaspoon of dishwashing liquid.
6. Close the lid of the jar and shake hard for 10 to 15 minutes.
This shaking breaks apart the soil aggregates.
7. Set the jar where it will not be disturbed for 2-3 days.
8. Soil particles will settle out according to size/density. After 1
minute, mark on the jar the depth of the sand.
9. After 2 hours, mark on the jar the depth of the silt.
10. When the water clears, mark on the jar the clay level. This
typically takes 1-3 days, but some soils with high amounts of
clay may take weeks.
11. After 3 days, take a picture of you or any member of the group holding the setup result to my messenger
account. Also, include sending the names of the people involved.
(Message me if you have any clarifications in the procedures.)

Data
1. Measure the thickness of the sand, silt, and clay layer.
a. Thickness of sand deposit=______
b. Thickness of silt deposit= ________
c. Thickness of clay deposit= ______
d. Thickness of total deposit= ______

2. Calculate the percentage of sand, silt, and clay,

a. Percent clay= (clay thickness/ total thickness) x 100 = ___________
b. Percent silt = (silt thickness/ total thickness) x 100 = ________
c. Percent sand= (sand thickness/ total thickness) x 100 = ________

3. Turn to the soil texture triangle found in the MLG and look up the soil texture class.
Soil Texture: __________________

ASSESSMENT
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Multiple Choice. Write/ Encode the letter on the blank before the number that corresponds to the correct
answer. USE CAPITAL LETTERS ONLY.
A. Soil and Man

_____1. Which is the most abundant component of an agricultural soil?

a. air b. mineral c. organic matter d. water

_____2. Which of the following is ideal for agriculture?

a. clay b. loam c. sandy d. silt

_____3. Which zone is defined by the accumulation of clay, iron and aluminum?
a. A b. B c. C d. D

_____4. The smallest particle is _______.

a. Clay b. gravel c. sand d. silt

_____5. The C horizon is best described as _____________.

a. partial altered parent material
b. zone of eluviation and leaching
c. mineral matter mixed with some humus
d. loose and partly decayed organic matter

_____6. The O horizon is best described as ___________.

(Same choices in number 5)

_____7. The A horizon is best described as ___________.

(Same choices in number 5)

B. Water Resources

_____1. It is the largest among the four oceans.

a. Arctic b. Indian c. Pacific d. Southern

_____2. It is the most abundant water available on Earth based on total global water.
a. Freshwater b. Groundwater
c. Surface water d. Glaciers and ice caps

_____3. A change in the physical state of water from liquid to gas is called ______.
a. condensation b. evaporation
c. precipitation d. sublimation

_____4. A process by which water vapor changes its physical state from vapor to liquid is ___.
a. Condensation b. Evaporation
c. Infiltration d. Precipitation

_____5. The process by which a high percentage of precipitation is returned from the atmosphere is
called______.
a. Condensation b. Rainfall
c. Runoff d. Sublimation

_____6. The runoff confined in the stream channels is called ___________.

a. groundwater b. stream flow
c. overland flow d. surface water

_____7. The movement of water through the soil and its layers is known as ___________.
a. infiltration b. Percolation
c. interception d. geologic formation
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_____8. Which of the following is not a wetland?
a. Estuary b. Marsh
c. Permafrost d. Swamp

_____9. Which is the best aquifer?

a. mudstone b. sand layers
c. fractured basalt d. crystalline granite

_____10. Which of the following addressed the country’s water problem through an integrated water
management program and the development of new water resources and the conservation of identified
watershed?
a. Executive Order No. 222 (1995) b. National Water Crisis Act of 1995
c. Presidential Decree No. 424 (1974) d. The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004

C. Human Activities and Environment

_____1. What is not part of the environment?

a. air b. water c. living organisms d. none of the choices

_____2. Which is not an ecosystem service?

a. cultural services b. support services
c. financial services d. provisioning services

_____3. Which type of waste is produced by stripping land to obtain ores?

a. mining waste b. municipal waste
c. industrial waste d. agricultural waste

_____4. The excess amounts of nitrogen and phosphorous from agricultural activities can lead to?
a. production of pests b. recycling of water
c. desertification of land d. Eutrophication of bodies of water

_____5. What is the first option in the waste management hierarchy?

a. disposal b. treatment c. recycling d. reduction

Name:________________________ Checked by: ________________

Section: ___________________ Date Received: __________________

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