SF CSC-326 Transformer Protection IED Technical Manual (SIFANG)

CSC-326 Transformer
Protection IED
Technical Manual
Version：V1.00
Doc. Code：F0SF.450.069(E)
Issued Date：2010.07
Copyright owner: Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd
Note: the company keeps the right to perfect the instruction. If equipments do not agree with
the instruction at anywhere, please contact our company in time. We will provide you with
corresponding service.
COPYRIGHT
®
is registered trademark of Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd.
We reserve all rights to this document, even in the event that a patent is issued and a different
commercial proprietary right is registered. Improper use, in particular reproduction and
dissemination to third parties, is not permitted.
This document has been carefully checked. If the user nevertheless detects any errors, he is
asked to notify us as soon as possible.
The data contained in this manual is intended solely for the product description and is not to be
deemed to be a statement of guaranteed properties. In the interests of our customers, we
constantly seek to ensure that our products are developed to the latest technological standards
as a result; it is possible that there may be some differences between the hardware/software
product and this information product.
Manufacturer:
Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd.
Tel: +86-10-62961515
Fax: +86-10-62981900
Internet: http://www.sf-auto.com
Add: No.9, Shangdi 4th Street, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R.C.100085
CSC-326 Transformer Protection IED Technical Manual
Important notes
 Scope of Application
This manual only caters to CSC-326.
Please read the manual carefully and the specification of the installation, adjustment,
testing, operation and maintenance with the protective relay.
 Restricted liability
Electrical equipment should be serviced and maintained only by qualified personnel.
No responsibility is assumed by SIFANG for any consequences arising out of the use
of this manual. This document is not intended as an instruction manual for untrained
persons.
 Device operation
The user is responsible for checking that the rated characteristics of the device are
suitable for its application. The user is responsible for reading and following the
device‘s operating and installation instructions before attempting to commission or
maintain it. Failure to follow these instructions can affect device operation and
constitute a hazard for people and property.
Please use the testing instruments which comply with the relevant standards for test
and detection as well.
To prevent damage from equipment, don‘t hot-plug and hot-unplug any module of the
relay; touching the chips and components in printed circuit board is inhibited.
If any abnormity occurred in the equipment or unusual maintenance needed, please
promptly contact with the agents or our service hotline.
 Operation password
The operation password is: 8888, the system setup password is: 7777.
~I~
 Protective grounding
The user is responsible for compliance with all the existing international and national
electrical codes concerning protective grounding of any device.
Safety instructions
Read these instructions carefully and look at the protective relay to become familiar
with the device before trying to install, operate, service or maintain it. The following
special messages may appear throughout this bulletin or on the equipment to warn of
potential hazards or to call attention to information that clarifies or simplifies a
procedure.
 Risk of electric shock
The addition of either symbol to a ―Danger‖ or ―Warning‖ safety label on a device
indicates that an electrical hazard exists, which will result in death or personal injury if
the instructions are not followed.
 Safety alert
This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential personal injury
hazards and prompt you to consult the manual. Obey all safety instructions that follow
this symbol in the manual to avoid possible injury or death.
~ II ~
Other safety messages and notes
DANGER
DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result
in death, serious injury or property damage.
WARNING
WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in death, serious injury or property damage.
CAUTION
CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in minor or moderate injury or property damage.
NOTE
NOTE indicates matters need attention regarding a certain special application,
functions or characteristics of the HW/SW.
~ III ~
CONTENTS
Important notes .................................................................................. I
Safety instructions ............................................................................ II
1 Introduction ................................................................................ 1
1.1 Application............................................................................................... 1
1.2 Features ................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Functions ................................................................................................. 2
2 Technical data............................................................................. 5
2.1 Basic data ................................................................................................ 5

2.2 Binary inputs and outputs ...................................................................... 5
2.3 Protection functions ............................................................................... 6
2.4 Station communication ......................................................................... 11
2.5 Type tests according to standards ...................................................... 12
3 Hardware................................................................................... 15
3.1 Mechanical structure ............................................................................ 15

3.2 Dimensions ............................................................................................ 16
3.3 Modules arrangement ........................................................................... 16
3.4 Transformer input module (TIM) .......................................................... 17
3.5 CPU module (CPU) ................................................................................ 17
3.6 Communication module (COM) ............................................................ 17
3.7 Binary input module (BIM).................................................................... 17
3.8 Binary output module (BOM) ............................................................... 17
3.9 Power supply module (PSM) ................................................................ 18
3.10 Human-machine interface ( HMI ) ........................................................ 18
4 Protection functions ................................................................ 19
4.1 Differential protection (ANSI-87T) ........................................................ 19

4.2 Restricted earth fault protection(ANSI-87TN) ..................................... 36

4.3 Overexcitation protection (ANSI 24) .................................................... 39
4.4 Distance protection............................................................................... 44
4.5 Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection ........................................ 47
4.6 Definite and IDMTL neutral current protection ................................... 52
4.7 Neutral displacement protection ......................................................... 55
4.8 Thermal overload protection................................................................ 56
4.9 Other auxiliary protection .................................................................... 57
4.10 VT failure................................................................................................ 58
4.11 DI Trip DO .............................................................................................. 58
5 Setting and calculation ............................................................ 60
5.1 Setting sheet ......................................................................................... 60

5.2 Communication parameters ................................................................. 73
6 Reports ...................................................................................... 75
6.1 Overview ................................................................................................ 75

6.2 Abbreviation list of analogue inputs ................................................... 75
6.3 Event and initiating reports .................................................................. 77
6.4 Alarm report .......................................................................................... 78
6.5 Operation reports .................................................................................. 79
6.6 Output of event report .......................................................................... 80
7 Disturbance record report........................................................ 82
7.1 Overview ................................................................................................ 82

7.2 Disturbance record report output ........................................................ 82
7.3 Description of typical disturbance record report ............................... 82
8 Operation .................................................................................. 85
8.1 Human-Machine Interface ( HMI ) ........................................................ 85

8.2 Menu ...................................................................................................... 88
9 Installation and commissioning .............................................. 93
9.1 Unpacking and checking ...................................................................... 93

9.2 Installation ............................................................................................. 93
9.3 Checking before energizing ................................................................. 94
9.4 Checking after energizing .................................................................... 95
9.5 Check version of software .................................................................... 97
9.6 Check print function ............................................................................. 97
9.7 Check binary input (BI) ......................................................................... 97
9.8 Test ......................................................................................................... 97
9.9 Analog channel check .......................................................................... 97
9.10 Checking before operation ................................................................... 99
10 Maintenance ........................................................................... 100
10.1 Routine check...................................................................................... 101

10.2 Periodical test...................................................................................... 101
10.3 Fault tracing......................................................................................... 101
10.4 Repair instructions.............................................................................. 101
10.5 Operation after software updating or module Replacing ................. 102
10.6 Relacing the back-up battery ............................................................. 103
10.7 Others................................................................................................... 103
11 Rear Terminals of IED ............................................................ 105
11.1 Wiring diagram of current and voltage circuits ................................ 105

11.2 Explanations of CSC-326B terminals ................................................ 105
12 Transportation and storage .................................................... 110
12.1 Storage ................................................................................................. 110

12.2 Transportation ..................................................................................... 110
13 Ordering ................................................................................... 111

14 Appendix ................................................................................. 112
14.1 Terminal diagrams ............................................................................... 112

14.2 Connection examples .......................................................................... 113
14.3 Communication protocol..................................................................... 115
14.4 CSC-326 IEC 61850 communication ................................................... 116
1 Introduction
1.1 Application
CSC-326 transformer protection IED is used for two- and three-winding transformers,
auto-transformers, generator-transformer units, and shunt reactors.
1.2 Features
The equipment has characteristics as follows:
 The microprocessor combined 32 bits DSP with MCU, high performance

hardware systems ensures the parallel real-time calculation in all
components of the equipment.
 Protective functions man-machine interface and also communications

functions are completely separated in equipment. This improves the reliability
and makes debugging installation, maintenance and use much easier.
 Internal module was intelligent designed so that a comprehensive real-time

self-inspection can be carried out.
 Double A/D sampling in analog circuit Acquisition, performing real time

self-testing for each other.
 The equipment provides convenient automatic testing scheme in field, it can

achieve a comprehensive, perfect test.
 Fault wave recorder with great capacity, memory up to 4M bytes, can record
full process of any fault, and can save no less than 24 records. Optional data
format or wave format is provided when the records need to be printed, and
also fault wave recorder can be exported to serial port or Ethernet port by
COMTRADE format.
 Event recorder can store operating reports, alarm reports, start reports and
general operation records, every kind of record isn‘t less than 2 000 events,
and is memorized when power is off.
 The product can record protection operating process, logic flow and varied
calculation values that can be analyzed in whole process by analyzing
software CSPC developed by us. PC which installed this fault analyzing
software, can manipulate the protection system via series ports RS-232 on
-1-
faceplate in front of the equipment, and get information such as recorded

fault data and wave to analyze.
 2-channel high speed reliable electric Ethernet ports (optional optical fiber
Ethernet ports), 2-channel LonWorks ports, RS-485 port and series printing
port are provided; the user can select any of these according to the
requirements. The protocol supports IEC60870-5-103, IEC61850 or
CSC-2000 of Sifang Company, easy to interface with substation automatic
system and protection management information system.
 Liquid crystal display with backlight: Application to display various messages

such as current, voltage, power, frequency, strip state, setting zones etc. The
menu is easy to operate, and four shortcut keys are set to finish operation
with one key for local operator.
1.3 Functions
CSC-326 series is presented briefly in Table 1.
Table 1 Main function and arrangement
Functions and arrangement CSC-326B
Main protection
Instantaneous differential protection √
Differential Inrush inhibit with 2nd harmonic

Selective
protection Fuzzy recognition of inrush based on waveform
Overexcitation inhibit √
（87T）
Restricted earth fault protection for HV （87TN） √
Overexcitation (definite and inverse ) for HV （24） 1 Definite Alarm Stage

1 Definite Trip Stage
1 Inverse Trip Stage
Overexcitation (definite and inverse ) for MV （24） 1 Definite Alarm Stage
1 Inverse Trip Stage
Backup protection in HV（high voltage） side
Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection(with selective 2 Definite Trip Stages

direction) (50,51,67) 1 Inverse Trip Stage
Phase-to-phase distance protection (21) 2 Definite Trip Stages
Phase-to-earth distance protection (21) 1 Definite Trip Stages
Definite and IDMTL earth fault protection(with selective 2 Definite Trip Stages
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Functions and arrangement CSC-326B
direction) (50N,51N,67N) 1 Inverse Trip Stage

IDMTL Neutral current protection (64) 1 Inverse Trip Stage
Thermal overload protection (49) √
Overload protection 1 Definite Alarm Stage
Backup protection in MV(middle voltage) side

Phase-to-phase distance protection (21) 2 Definite Trip Stages
Phase-to-earth distance protection (21) 1 Definite Trip Stages
Definite and IDMTL earth fault protection(with selective 2 Definite Trip Stages
direction) (50N,51N,67N) 1 Inverse Trip Stage
Backup protection in LV(low voltage) side

Neutral displacement protection (59G) 1 Definite Alarm Stage
Other auxiliary protection

DI1~3 trip DO1~3 √
 Differential protection (Including: Treble slope percent differential protection;

Instantaneous differential protection and Inrush inhibit and overexcitation
inhibit etc.)
 Restricted Earth Fault protection for HV, MV and LV sides
 Overexcitation protection for HV and MV sides
 Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection for HV, MV and LV sides (with
selective direction)
 Distance protection for HV, MV sides (Including phase to phase distance

protection and phase to earth protection)
 Definite and IDMTL earth fault protection for HV, MV and LV sides (with
selective direction)
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 Neutral displacement protection for LV side
 IDMTL Neutral current protection for HVside
 Overload protection for HV, MV and LV sides
 Thermal overload protection for HV side
 Di trip Do for body protection functions
-4-
2 Technical data
2.1 Basic data
Item Range or Value Standard

System Frequency
Rated Frequency 60 Hz or 50Hz
Current Inputs
Rated current In 1 A or 5 A
Permissive Overload 3×In, continuously； IEC 60255-6
10×In, 10s；：1988;
40×In, 1s； DL/T 478-2001
Burden ≤ 1VA per phase
Voltage Inputs
Rated Voltage Un （100～120）/√3
Permissive Overload 1.5×Un, continuously； IEC 60255-6：1988;
2×Un, 10s; DL/T 478-2001
Burden ≤0.5VA per phase
Auxiliary DC Voltage Supply
DC voltage Input Uaux 125V DC
Permissible ranges -20% ～ +20% Uaux
Burden ≤50W IEC 60255-6：1988;
DL/T 478-2001
Environment conditions
Ambient temperature -10ºC～+55ºC IEC 60255-6：1988;
Extreme range of ambient -25ºC～+70ºC GB/T 14047-1993
temperature ，IDT
Atmospheric pressure 80～110kPa
Relative humidity ≤95%
Storage temperature -25℃～＋70℃
2.2 Binary inputs and outputs

Item Range or Value
Binary inputs
Quantity of BI 14 at 125V DC;
11 at 24V DC
Rated voltage range 24V or 125V DC
-5-
Power consumption max. 0.05 W/input at 24V DC

max. 0.2 W/input at 125V DC
Binary outputs
Quantity of BO 38 NO contacts for trip
36 NO contacts for signals
Current carrying capacity
Continuous 5A
0.5 s 30 A
Making capacity at inductive load with L/R>10 ms
0.2 s 30 A
1.0 s 10 A
Breaking capacity for AC, cos φ>0.4 1250 VA
Breaking capacity for DC with L/R < 40 ms
Contacts for trip 48 V/1.04 A
110 V/0.46 A
125 V/0.4 A
250 V/0.2 A
Contacts for signal 48 V/0.63 A
110 V/0.27 A
125 V/0.24 A
250 V/0.12 A
2.3 Protection functions

2.3.1 Differential protection
Table 2 Differential protection

Protection functions Setting Range and value
Differential protection High-current stage ID
Differential current ID 0.5~100A
0.3Ie~1.0Ie (Ie: nominal current
Restraint current IR1 of the reference side )(see Page
Restraint current IR2 20)
Percentage of Slope 1 0.2Ie~1.0Ie
Percentage of Slope 2 2Ie~10Ie
nd
2 harmonic restraint ratio 0.0~0.2
th
5 harmonic restraint ratio 0.2~0.7
Times 0.05~0.30
Operating time 0.10~0.60
(At 2 times of set value ID)
-6-
Operating time less than 30ms

(At 1.5 times of set value ID)
Drop-off time less than 20ms
Drop-off ratio
Tolerances approx. 40ms
Pickup characteristic approx. 0.7
Inrush Restraint
Additional Delay Times ±5% of set value or ±0.02IN
Others ±5% of set value
Percentage of Slope 3 ±1% of set value or 10ms
0.7 fixed
2.3.2 Restricted earth fault protection
Table 3 Restricted earth fault protection

Restricted earth fault Differential current I0D 0.3Ie~1.0Ie(Ie: nominal current
protection of the reference side )
Percent restrained K0D 0.2~0.7
Times
Operating time less than 30ms
( At 2 times of set value)
Drop-off time approx. 40ms
Drop-off ratio approx. 0.7
Tolerance
Pickup characteristic ±5% of set value or ±0.02IN
Additional time delay less than 30ms
2.3.3 Overexcitation protection
Table 4 Overexcitation protection

Overexcitation Setting Ranges
protection Reference voltage UN 40~130V
(Definite-time and U /U N 1.00~1.40
Ratio(  ):
inverse-time f / fN
Overexcitation ) Time Delay T 0.1s~9999.0s
Pair of Values for 1.10/1.15/1.20/1.25/1.30
Characteristic of V/f /1.35/1.40/1.45/1.50/1.55/1.60
/1.65/1.70
Times
-7-
At 1.2 times of set value less than 70ms

Drop-off time approx. 70ms
Drop-off ratio Not less than 0.96
Tolerance
U /U N ±2.5% of the set value
Ratio(  ):
f / fN less than 70ms
Time delays for definite less than 70ms or ±3% of set
Time delays for Inverse value
2.3.4 Distance protection
Table 5 Distance protection

Setting ranges
Distance protection Resistance(Rz ) IN=1A :0.5 to 125Ω;
(including phase to IN=5A :0.1 to 25Ω;
phase distance / Reactance(Xz ) IN=1A :0.5 to 125Ω;
phase to earth IN=5A :0.1 to 25Ω;
distance) Time delay T 0.1 to 20s
Times
At 0.7 times of set value less than 40ms
Drop-off time approx.40ms
Starting element
Current I2 0.2IN
Drop-off ratio 1.05
Tolerance
RZ< XZ< ±3% of set value or ±0.1Ω
Time delays not more than 40ms
2.3.5 Definite-time and IDMTL overcurrent protection
Table6 Definite-time and IDMTL overcurrent protection

Definite-time Setting ranges
overcurrent protection Current I 0.1×IN to 20×IN
(with selective Time delay T 0.1 to 20s
direction ) The sensitive angle of directional -45°
element
Times
Pickup time I approx. 20ms
Operating time At 1.2 times of less than 40ms
set value
-8-
Drop-off time I approx. 40ms

Tolerance
Current pickup I ±3% of set value or ±0.02IN
Angle of the directional element ±3°
Drop-off ratio
I, not more than 0.90
Directional element:
Voltage threshold 1V
Angle of the directional element 170°±2°
IDMTL overcurrent Setting ranges
protection (with Current I 0.1×IN to 20×IN
selective direction ) The sensitive angle of directional -45°
element
Times
Pickup time I approx. 20ms
Operating time At 1.2 times of set less than 100ms
value
Drop-off time I approx. 40ms
Minimum operating time 100ms
Maximum operating time 100s
Tolerance
Current pickup I ±3% of set value or ±0.02IN
Time delays not more than ±5% or 0.3s
2.3.6 Definite-time and IDMTL neutral current protection
Table 7 Definite-time and IDMTL neutral current protection

Definite-time neutral Setting ranges
current protection Current 3I0 0.1×IN to 20×IN
(with selective Time delay T 0.1 to 20s
direction) Times
Pickup time 3I0 approx. 20ms
set value
Drop-off time 3I0 approx. 40ms
Tolerance
Current pickup 3I0 ±3% of set value or ±0.02IN
-9-

Drop-off ratio
3I0 approx. 0.9
Zero voltage threshold 0.5V
IDMTL neutral current Setting ranges
protection (with Current 3I0 0.1×IN to 20×IN
selective direction ) Times
Pickup time 3I0 approx. 20ms
set value
Drop-off time 3I0 approx. 40ms
Minimum operating time 100ms
Maximum operating time 100s
Tolerance
Current pickup 3I0 ±3% of set value or ±0.02IN
Time delays not more than ±5% or 0.3s
2.3.7 Neutral displacement protection
Table 8 Neutral displacement protection

Neutral displacement Setting ranges
protection(for LV side Voltage 3U0 160 to 300V(HV & MV ),
of the transformer) 2 to 100V (LV )
Time delay T 0.1 to 20s
Times
Pickup time 3U0 approx. 20ms
set value
Drop-off time 3U0 approx. 40ms
Tolerance
Voltage pickup 3U0 ±5% of set value or ±0.1V
Drop-off ratio
3U0 approx. 0.9
-10-
2.3.8 Thermal overload protection
Table 9 Thermal overload protection

Thermal overload Setting ranges
protection Current I 0.1×IN to 10×IN
Thermal heating/cooling time 1.0~1000.0
const
1-H/C hot spot weighting 0.0~1.0
factor
Times
Operating times are
calculated from IEC Cold  I eq 2 
Curve and IEC Hot Curve. t   ln 2 
I I 2 
IEC Cold Curve  eq  
 I eq 2  1  H / C I P 2 
t   ln 
IEC Hot Curve  I eq  I
2 2 
 
Tolerance ±3% of set value or ±0.02IN

Current pickup I not more than ±5% or 0.3s
Thermal trip time
2.3.9 Other protection
Table 10 Other protection

Other protection Setting ranges
( Overload protection ) Current I 0.1×IN to 20×IN
Delay times T 0.1 to 20s
Reset ratio not less than 0.90
Tolerance
Current I ±3% of set value or ±0.02IN
Time delays approx. 40ms
2.4 Station communication

Table 12 Station communication
Item Port Port Port

Location of ports front rear rear
-11-
Type of port RS-232 Ethernet RS-485

Medium of connection electric optics/electric electric
Type of connector DB25 RJ45 twisted-pair
Type of data transfer serial serial serial
Communication speed 9600bps 10/100Mbps 9600bps~38400bps
Dielectric level III III III
Maximum cable length 10m 110m 1.2km
Configuration Station Station
Functions supported by and setting; communication communication
this port disturbance
recorder report;
Quantity of 1 3 2
communication ports on
rear plate
Designed by CSC2000 CSC2000 or IEC
Sifang or IEC 60870-5-103 or IEC
protocol
60870-5-103 61850
or IEC 61850
2.5 Type tests according to standards

Table 13 Type test
Item Class/rated Standards

Environment conditions
Ambient temperature -10ºC~+55ºC IEC 60255-6：1988
Extreme range of ambient -25ºC~+70ºC (GB/T 14047-1993 ，IDT )
temperature
Atmospheric pressure 80～110kPa
Relative humidity ≤95%
Storage temperature -25℃～＋70℃
Burden
rated burden AC current circuit：≤ IEC 60255-6：1988;
1VA DL/T 478-2001
AC voltage circuit：
≤0.5A
DC power supply
circuit:：≤50W
Thermal property
Thermal of short and long AC current circuit： IEC 60255-6：1988;
-12-
time 3In－continuously； DL/T 478-2001

10In－10s；
40In－1s；
AC voltage circuit：
1.5Un －
continuously；
2Un－10s
Electrical insulation
Insulation resistance 100MΩ IEC 60255-5：2000
(GB/T 14598.3-2006,IDT)
Insulation resistance in dry 1.5MΩ DL/T 478-2001
heat Note: No defined in IEC60255-5
Dielectric voltage AC 2kV （ Ui≥63V ） IEC 60255-5：2000
/1kV（Ui<63V） (GB/T 14598.3-2006,IDT）;
Impulse voltage 5kV （ Ui≥63V ） /1kV Note: 500V was defined for less
（Ui<63V） than 63V in IEC 60255-5
Mechanical property
Vibration 1 class IEC60255-21-1
(GB/T 11287-2000,IDT)
Shock 1 class IEC60255-21-2
Bump 1 class (GB/T 14537-1993,IDT)
EMC
Burst disturbance 3 class： IEC 60255-22-1
• common mode (GB/T 14598.13-1998,IDT)
2.5kV, IEC 61000-4-12;
• differential mode Note: Inject 100kHz ，harsh more
1.0kV IEC60255-22-1
ESD disturbance 4 class ： contact IEC 60255-22-2
-8kV (GB/T 14598.14-1998,IDT)
IEC 61000-4-2;
Note: Harsh more 3 class of IEC
60255-22-2
Radiated electromagnetic 3 class：10V/m IEC 62505-22-3
disturbance (GB/T 14598.9-2002,IDT)
IEC 61000-4-3
Fast burst disturbance 4 class： IEC60255-22-4
•communication (GB/T14598.10-1996,IDT)
port --2kV； IEC 61000-4-4;
• others ports--4kV Note: Harsh more 3 class of IEC
-13-
60255-22-4
Surge disturbance 4 class ： IEC 60255-22-5,
•communication port IEC 61000-4-5;
--2kV； Note: Harsh more 3 Class of IEC
• others ports --4kV 60255-22 -5
Conducted disturbance of 3 class：10V IEC 60255-22-6
RF IEC 61000-4-6
Power frequency magnetic 5 class ：100A/m IEC 61000-4-8;
field disturbance Note: No defined in IEC60255-22
Pulse frequency magnetic 5 class：1000A/m IEC 61000-4-9;
field disturbance Note: No defined in IEC60255-22
Damped oscillatory 5 class：100A/m IEC 61000-4-10;
magnetic disturbance Note: Actual up to 120A/m ，No
defined in IEC 60255 -22
interruptions in auxiliary 50ms GB/T 8367-1987 (equal
energizing quantities IEC60255-11）
IEC 61000-4-11
Electromagnetic emission IEC 60255-25
limits (GB/T14598.16-2002,IDT)
safety
IP rating IP20 IEC 60529,
GB 16836-1997
Insulation cooperation Clearance IEC 60255-5:2000
and creepage GB 16836-1997
distance
Maximum temperature of According with the GB 16836-1997
material standard
Flammability of insulation V 0 class IEC 60950
materials GB 16836-1997
Protection against I class IEC 60536
Electric shock GB 16836-1997
-14-
3 Hardware
3.1 Mechanical structure
The layout of equipment is 19 inches in width and 4U in height according to IEC
60297-3.
 The equipment is flush mounting with panel cutout and cabinet mounting.
 Connection terminals to other system are on the rear.
 The front panel of equipment is aluminum alloy by founding in integer and

overturn downwards. LCD, LED s and setting keys are mounted on the panel.
There is a serial interface on the panel suitable for connecting a PC.
 Draw-out modules for serviceability are fixed by lock component.
 The modules can be combined through the bus on the rear board. Both the
equipment and the other system can be combined through the rear
interfaces.
-15-
3.2 Dimensions
Dimension drawings for CSC-326 are shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 Flush-mounted enclosure of CSC-326 with panel cutout (dimensions

in mm)
3.3 Modules arrangement
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
TIM TIM TIM CPU CPU COM BIM BOM BOM BOM BOM PSM
Fig. 2 Arrangement diagram of the CSC-326B
-16-
3.4 Transformer input module (TIM)

There are 2 or 3 transformer input modules, which consists of voltage and current
transformers. 36 analog inputs at most are available. The parameters of the current
and voltage transformers are as follows:
Phase current transformer: rated current 5A or 1A.
Phase voltage transformer: rated voltage 63.5V, linearity range 1V～100V.
Open delta voltage transformer: linearity range 3V～300V.
3.5 CPU module (CPU)

CPU module is a key element; the same two units are used for redundancy. CPU
module is responsible for all the protection function A/D conversation software and
hardware self monitoring and diagnostics.
3.6 Communication module (COM)

The function of this module is device master and communication. The main functions
are as follows:
receiving and storing the fault report and event report of the CPU module, output for
printing and communicating with the monitoring system and protection engineering
workstation by or Ethernet network
Output report to the display screen and operating the device with the keyboard of the
front panel.
The standard RS-232 port in front panel is suitable for connecting a PC. The PC
based software CSPC can be used for convenient and transparent setting, recording
disturbance and evaluation as well as commissioning. 2 RS485 and 2 Ethernet
interfaces (or 2 electric or fiber Ethernet interfaces, selective) are equipped on the
rear board. It is convenient to connect to a substation automation system or to a
protection data master unit.
3.7 Binary input module (BIM)

The CPU obtains external information through the digital inputs such as blocking
commands for protective functions or position indications of circuit breakers.
3.8 Binary output module (BOM)

The CPU issues commands to external equipment via the output contacts. These
output commands are generally used to operate circuit breakers or other switching
-17-
devices. They can also be connected to other protective devices, announciators, or

external carrier equipment for use in Pilot-Relaying schemes.4 digital input modules
and 39 outputs at most are provided.
3.9 Power supply module (PSM)

The CSC-326 can be supplied with power supply voltage 125V or 220V. The output
of power supply unit is +24V, ±12V, +5V.
3.10 Human-machine interface ( HMI )

It is fixed on the front panel of the equipment and includes LCD, keys, reset buttons
and RS-232 serial interface for PC.
-18-
4 Protection functions
4.1 Differential protection (ANSI-87T)
4.1.1 Function description
4.1.1.1 Basic principle
The numerical current differential protection of the CSC-326 is a fast short-circuits

protection for transformers. The protected zone is selectively limited by the CTs at its
ends. When an external fault causes a heavy current to flow through the protected
transformer, differences in the magnetic characteristics of the current transformers
CT1 and CT2 under conditions of saturation may cause a significant current to flow
through the differential element. To prevent the protection from such erroneous
operation, a stabilizing current is brought in.
I1 I2
The protected object
Figure 3 Basic principle of differential protection for two ends (single phase)
4.1.1.2 Current restraint
I diff I res
The differential current and the restraining current are calculated by the
following formula (5-1):
 N 
 I diff 


i 1
Ii
 N 1 
 1 
I  I
 res 2 j (max)

 
i 1
I i (i  j )
(5-1)
Where：
Ii is the current vector of side I, Ii is the vector of current of HV, MV and LV
windings;
N- Total current input, suppose it is N sides;
I j (max)
- The maximum current vector of the N input, suppose it is side j;
N 1 
 I (i  j)
i 1
i
- Sum of the other current input, not including side j.

I diff
is derived from the fundamental frequency current and produces the tripping
-19-
I
effect quantity, I res counteracts this effect i is the current of every side. To clarify
the situation, three important operating conditions with ideal and matched
measurement qualities should be examined.
Transformers are subject to a number of influences that induce differential currents
even during normal operation, such as automatic ratio compensation, automatic
vector group compensation, instantaneous differential protection, treble slope
percentage differential protection, inrush stabilization, overexcitation stabilization, CT
saturation recognition and CT failure supervision etc.
4.1.1.3 Automatic Ratio compensation
Differences in the matching of CTs to the rated current of the transformer are not
uncommon. These differences result in an error that leads to a differential current.
The characteristic values of the transformer, i.e. rated apparent power, rated voltages
and primary rated CT currents, are entered in the protective device, and the rated
current of the every side of the transformer I1N is calculated automatically according
to the following formula:
SN
I 1N 
3U 1N
Where
S N - Rated apparent power of the transformer
U 1N -Rated voltage
The secondary rated current is calculated by the following formula, for differential
I
protection, e is taken as the reference current.
I 1N
Ie 
nCTHV
Rated current of the High voltage side is taken as the reference current. The digitized
currents are automatic matched the rated current of the high voltage side of the
transformer, and a correction factor KCT for MV or LV side is calculated according to
the following formula:
I 2 NHV I /n S / 3U 1NHV nCTMV U 1NMV nCTMV

K CTMV   1NHV CTHV  N   
I 2 NMV I 1NMV / nCTMV S N / 3U 1NMV nCTHV U 1NHV nCTHV
I 2 NHV I 1NHV / nCTHV S N / 3U 1NHV nCTLV U 1NLV nCTLV

K CTLV      
I 2 NLV I 1NLV / nCTLV S N / 3U 1NLV nCTHV U 1NHV nCTHV
Where：
K CTMV - Correction factor for middle voltage side
K CTLV - Correction factor for Low voltage side
Note:
To ensure the accuracy of devices, range of correction factor should be 0.1 ~ 5.
I1N I1NHV I1NMV
- Primary rated current of the transformer ( for high voltage side, for
I
middle voltage side, 1NLV for low voltage side)
-20-
I 2 N -Secondary rated current of the transformer ( I 2 NHV for high voltage side,
I 2 NMV for middle voltage side, I 2 NLV for low voltage side)
nCT - CT ratio of the transformer ( nCTHV for high voltage side, nCTMV for middle
voltage side, nCTLV for low voltage side)

U1N - Rated voltage of the transformer ( U1NHV for high voltage side, U1NMV for middle
voltage side, U1NLV for low voltage side)

The Primary and Secondary rated current for HV side are calculated by CPU
automatically according to the Common Parameters of the transformer, KCT for
every side is calculated too. You can look over these settings form the menu ‗Test
Menu‘. These settings are very helpful for engineer to test the differential protection.
4.1.1.4 Automatic vector group compensation
Transformers have different vector groups, which cause a shift of the phase angles
between the primary and the secondary side. Without adequate correction, this phase
shift would cause a differential current.
Transformers often have a wye-delta connection, to allow a maximum of versatility in
the use of the CSC326, all imaginable vector group compensations have been
integrated in the software. If the setting ―Vector Group Angle (VET GRP ANGLE)‖ and
the settings for every connection type (wye or delta, 1-delta, 0-wye) are entered to the
device, the vector group compensation is automatically completed.
The basic principle of numerical vector group connection is as follows.
4.1.1.4.1 Take example for Yy0 connection, including similar ones of Yy0, YNy0,
Yyn0, YNyn0, Ydy0, Yndy0, Ydyn0, Yndyn0 and so on.
A B C A (a)
Side 1:
C (c) B (b)
Side 2:
a b c
Figure 4-1 Vector Group compensation for Yy0 transformer
 I A  1 -1 0  I A   I a  1 -1 0   Ia 
  1      1   
 I B    0 1 -1   I B   I b    0 1 -1   I b 
I   3
-1 0 1   I C  I   3
-1 0 1   I c 
 C    c  
I  I I
Deducting on side 1 the currents A B results in the current A , this has the same
I
direction as A on side 2. Multiplying it with
1 3
matches the absolute value. The
matrix describes the conversion for all three phases. The zero sequence currents are
-21-
eliminated in this case.

CSC-326 performs automatic phase angle compensation for the entire common
transformer winding connections. This simplifies application of the relay as all CTs
could be connected in wye.
4.1.1.4.2 Example for Yd1 connection, including similar ones of Yd1, YNd1 and
YNd1 + earthing Transformer.
A a
A B C
Side 1: c
C B
b
Side 2:
a b c
Figure 4-2 Vector Group compensation for Yd1 transformer
 I A  1 0 -1  I A 
  1   
 I B    -1 1 0    I B 
I   3 
0 -1 1   I C 
 C  
4.1.1.4.3 Example for Yy2 connection, including similar ones of Yy2, YNy2, Yyn2,
YNyn2, Ydy2, YNdy2, Ydyn2, Yndyn2 and so on.
A B C
A
Side 1: c a
C B
Side 2: b
b c a
 I A  1 -1 0  I A   I a  0 -1 1  I a 
  1      1   
 I B    0 1 -1   I B   I b    1 0 -1   I b 
I   3
-1 0 1   I C  I   3
-1 1 0   I c 
 C    c  
-22-
b A
Side 1:
c
C B
Side 2: a
 I A  0 1 -1  I A 
  1   
 I B    -1 0 1    I B 
I   3
1 -1 0   I C 
 C  
A B C
A (c)
Side 1:
Side 2: C (b) B (a)
c a b
 I A  1 -1 0  I A   I a  -1 0 1  I a 
  1      1   
 I B    0 1 -1   I B   I b    1 -1 0    I b 
3  I   3 
I   -1 0 1   I C  0 1 -1  I c 
 C    c  
-23-
YNd5 + earthed Transformer.
A B C
A b
Side 1:
a
C B
Side 2: c
c a b
 I A  -1 1 0  I A 
  1   
 I B    0 -1 1    I B 
I   3
1 0 -1  I C 
 C  
A B C
A
Side 1: b c
C B
Side 2:
a
a b c
 I A  1 -1 0  I A   I a  -1 1 0  I a 
  1      1   
 I B    0 1 -1   I B   I b    0 -1 1    I b 
I   3
-1 0 1   I C  I   3
1 0 -1  I c 
 C    c  
YNd7 + earthed Transformer.
-24-
A B C
Side 1: c A
a
Side 2:
C B
b
b c a
 I A  -1 0 1  I A 
  1   
 I B    1 -1 0   I B 
I   3
0 1 -1  I C 
 C  
A B C
A (b)
Side 1:
Side 2: C (a) B (c)
b c a
 I A  1 -1 0  I A   I a  0 1 -1  I a 
  1      1   
 I B    0 1 -1   I B   I b    -1 0 1    I b 
3  I   3 
I   -1 0 1   I C  1 -1 0   I c 
 C    c  
-25-
A B C
A c
Side 1:
b
C B
Side 2: a
b c a

 I A  0 -1 1  I A 
  1   
 I B    1 0 -1   I B 
I   3 
-1 1 0   I C 
 C  
4.1.1.4.11 Example for Yy10 connection, including similar ones of Yy10, YNy10,
Yyn10, YNyn10, Ydy10, YNdy10, Ydyn10, Yndyn10 and so on.
A B C
A
Side 1: a b
C B
Side 2:
c
c a b
 I A  1 -1 0  I A   I a  1 0 -1  I a 
  1      1   
 I B    0 1 -1   I B   I b    -1 1 0   I b 
I   3
-1 0 1   I C  I   3
0 -1 1  I c 
 C    c  
4.1.1.4.12 Example for Yd11 connection, including similar ones of Yd11, YNd11
and YNd11 + earthed Transformer.
-26-
A B C
a A
Side 1:
b
C B
c
Side 2:
a b c
 I A  1 -1 0  I A 
  1   
 I B    0 1 -1   I B 
I   3 
-1 0 1   I C 
 C  
4.1.1.4.13 Example for Dy1 connection, including similar ones of Dy1, Dyn1 and
Dyn1 + earthed Transformer.
A B C
A a
Side 1:
c
C B
Side 2: b
a b c
Figure 4-13 Vector Group compensation for Dy1 transformer
 I a  1 -1 0  I a 
  1   
 I b    0 1 -1   I b 
I   3 
-1 0 1   I c 
 c  
-27-
A B C
b A
Side 1: c
C B
a
Side 2:
c a b
 I a  0 -1 1  I a 
  1   
 I b    1 0 -1   I b 
I   3
-1 1 0  I c 
 c  
A B C
A b
Side 1:
a
C B
c
Side 2:
c a b
 I a  -1 0 1  I a 
  1   
 I b    1 -1 0    I b 
I   3 
0 1 -1  I c 
 c  
-28-
A B C
c A
Side 1:
a
C B
b
Side 2:
b c a
 I a  -1 1 0  I a 
  1   
 I b    0 -1 1    I b 
I   3
1 0 -1  I c 
 c  
A B C
A c
Side 1:
b
C B
a
Side 2:
b c a
 I a  0 1 -1  I a 
  1   
 I b    -1 0 1   I b 
I   3 
1 -1 0   I c 
 c  
4.1.1.4.18 Example for Dy11 connection, including similar ones of Dy11, Dyn11
and Dyn11 + earthed Transformer.
-29-
A B C
a A
Side 1:
b
C B
Side 2: c
a b c
 I a  1 0 -1  I a 
  1   
 I b    -1 1 0    I b 
I   3 
0 -1 1   I c 
 c  
Some cautions for the setting ―Vector Group Angle (VET GRP ANGLE)‖ are follows:
Table 11 Instruction for Vector Group Angle setting
Setting name values
HV WIND CONN/Y-0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1
D-1
MV WIND CONN/Y-0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
D-1
LV WIND CONN/Y-0 D-1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1
VET GRP ANGLE odd odd even even odd odd -- --
Remarks Y-Y-D- Y-D- Y-Y- D-D- D-D-Y- D-Y-Y- invali invalid

1/3/5/ D-1/ Y-0/ D-0/2 1/3/5/ 1/3/5/ d
7/9/11 3/5/7 2/4/6 /4/6/8 7/9/11 7/9/11
/9/11 /8/10 /10/1
/12 2
Note:
 For two winding transformer, no setting ―MV WIND CONN/Y-0 D-1‖.
 If the winding connection mode is set error or invalid, alarm report ―SetErr‖
will be sent out with the parameter ―WIND CONN‖.
 If the vector group angle is set error or invalid, alarm report ―SetErr‖ will be
sent out with the parameter ―VET GRP‖.
4.1.1.5 Instantaneous differential characteristics
An instantaneous (unrestrained) differential characteristics entail overcurrent
-30-
protection is provided for fast tripping on heavy internal faults. As soon as the
differential current rises above the threshold I D  (setting I D  ), a trip signal is
issued regardless of the magnitude of the restraining current. This is always the case
when the short-circuit current is higher than 1/Ud*IN.
This stage can operate even when, for example, a considerable second harmonic is
present in the differential current, which is caused by current transformer saturation
by a DC component in the short-circuit current, and which could be interpreted by the
inrush inhibit function as an inrush current.
This high-current stage evaluates the fundamental component of the differential
current as well as the instantaneous values, Instantaneous value processing ensures
fast tripping even in case the fundamental component of the current is strongly
reduced by current transformer saturation. Fast trip area is shown in the Figure 7.
4.1.1.6 Treble slope percent differential protection
Percent differential protection uses a treble-slope dual break-point operating

characteristic with magnetizing inrush and overexcitation inhibits integrated.
Operation characteristics of the differential protection with fault characteristic see in
Figure 5.
Branch 1 represents the sensitivity threshold of the differential protection
(setting I D  ) and considers constant error currents such as magnetizing currents.
Branch 2 considers current-proportional errors which may result from transformation
errors of the main CTs or the input CTs of the relay or which may be caused by
mismatching or by the influence of tap changers in transformers with voltage control.
In the range of high currents which may give rise to CT saturation, branch 3 provides
for additional stabilization.
Idiff
Fast trip area
ID>>
Differential current
Slope 3
Trip area
Slope 2
block area
Slope 1
Ires
ID >
IR1 IR2 Restraint current
Figure 5 Differential protection characteristics for transformers

I I
The currents diff and res are compared by the differential protection with the
operating characteristic according to the following formula (5-2),
I diff  S1 I res  I D I res  I R1 


I diff  S 2 ( I res  I R1 )  S1  I R1  I D I R1  I res  I R 2 

I diff  S 3 ( I res  I R 2 )  S 2 ( I R 2  I R1 )  S1  I R1  I D I R 2  I res 
(5-2)
Where：
-31-
S1 - Slope of the branch 1,( setting ―DIFF SLOPE S1‖).
S 2 - Slope of the branch 2, (setting ―DIFF SLOPE S2‖).
S 3 - Slope of the branch 3, is fixed 0.7.
I D - Setting for the sensitivity threshold of the differential protection, (setting ―DIFF
ID‖)
I R1 - Setting for the first breakpoint restraint current, (setting ―DIFF IR1‖)
I R 2 - Setting for the second breakpoint restraint current, (setting ―DIFF IR2‖)
If the quantities result into a locus in the trip area, a trip signal is given. This stage
can‘t operate when it is the inrush or overexcitation stabilization.
4.1.1.7 Selective inrush stabilization schemes
CSC-326 provides 2 schemes to cope with the magnetizing inrush conditions. One
scheme is 2nd harmonic stabilization; the other scheme is fuzzy recognition of inrush
conditions based on the waveform. The two schemes are convenient for user to
select by the setting―2nd HAR NOT WAVE‖ (1- 2nd harmonic; 0-fuzzy recognition of
inrush based on waveform).
4.1.1.7.1 2nd harmonic stabilization
In particular, high short-time magnetizing currents may be present in transformers

during power-up. These currents enter the protected zone but do not leave it again,
so that they act like fault currents entering from one side.
The inrush currents can amount to a multiple of the rated current and are
characterized by a considerable 2nd harmonic content which is practically absent in
the case of short-circuit. If the second harmonic content exceeds a selective
threshold (setting ―DIFF 2nd HAR RATIO‖), tripping is blocked.
The ratio between the 2nd harmonic and the fundamental frequency component is
used for inrush discrimination; it is formula (5-3):
I d 2  K har.2 I d
(5-3)
Where：
I d 2
- 2nd harmonics magnitude of differential current
K har.2 - Setting for 2nd harmonics ratio
I d
- Fundamental frequency component of differential current.
In ―modern type‖ transformers in particular, the 2nd harmonics content may not
exceed the threshold value in all three phases on switch-on. To avoid spurious
tripping, the cross block function is activated. As soon as an inrush current is
detected in one phase, the other phases of the differential protection stage are
blocked.
4.1.1.7.2 Fuzzy recognition of inrush based on the waveform
I (k )
Assume differential current derivative as , sampling number per circle is 2n, for
sequence of number:
-32-
X (k )  I (k )  I (k  n) /( I (k )  I (k  n) ), k  1,2...n
(5-4)
Since the smaller X (k ) is, the more fault current information the point contains.
Degree of confidence for fault current is larger for this point. Otherwise, the larger
X (k ) is, the more inrush current information the point contains. Degree of
confidence for inrush current is larger for this point. Assume membership function
as A[ X (k )] , for k  1,2...n , get the fuzzy similarity coefficient N with point of one cycle:
n
N  A[ X (k )] / n
k 1 (5-5)
Assume threshold K, if NK, consider as fault current .otherwise, consider as inrush
current.
The blocking mode is for each phase, which means that current is considered as
inrush current. Percentage differential current protection of this phase is blocked.
4.1.1.8 Overexcitation stabilization
Unwanted differential currents may also be caused by transformer overexcitation due

to excessive voltage.
Steady-state overexcitation of the transformer is characterized by odd harmonic
content. The 3rd or 5th harmonic is suitable to provide stabilization. But, as the 3rd
harmonic is often eliminated in power transformers, the use of 5th harmonic is
common.
The cross block feature with 5th harmonics works in the same way as with 2nd
harmonics. If the fifth harmonic content exceeds a selective threshold (setting ―DIFF
5th HAR RATIO‖), tripping is blocked.
4.1.1.9 CT Failure supervision and CT saturation recognition
CT failure supervision can be enabled or disabled through setting ―CT FAIL DETECT‖
(1-On, 0-Off), when CT failure, if the differential protection is in trip area, the
differential will trip.
The criteria for CT failure detection are as follows:
All three phases are normal, and the differential current is near to zero. When one
phase current is decreased to less than a threshold (half of the memory current),
maybe CT failure occurs in the mutative phase.
Only one phase in one side has no current and all three phases in others sides are
normal and differential current is more than a threshold, maybe CT failure occurs in
the phase without current.
CT failure detection logic is shown in Fig.9.
CT saturation recognition is integrated in differential protection. The criteria for CT
saturation are as follows:
 2nd and 3rd harmonic current of all phase current, if the result of 2nd and 3rd
harmonic is more than a threshold (fixed in the software), maybe CT
saturation occurs.
 Making use of the sampling differential to judge whether internal fault induce
the CT saturation.
If the CT saturation induced by external fault, the differential protection will be blocked,
whereas the protection will give trip signal.
-33-
Tripping Logic of the differential protection is shown in Fig. 6.

INST DIFF ON
INST DIFF A ACT

& IDIFF>> Trip
INST DIFF B ACT >=1
INST DIFF C ACT

PER DIFF ON
>=1
ID >
2nd HAR ON
I dA.2  K 2 I dA &
IDIFF> Trip
&
I dB .2  K 2 I dB >=1
I dC .2  K 2 I dC
5th HAR ON
I dA.5  K 5 I dA
&
I dB.5  K 5 I dB >=1
I dC .5  K 5 I dC
I dA  ISet
I dB  I Set >=1
&
I dC  I Set 5s DIFF Alarm
DIFF ALARM ON
Fig. 6 Tripping logic of the differential protection
CT FAIL DETECT
Max{Id_A,Id_B, Id_C}>0.3*ID>
Among {IHA,IHB,IHC}, only 1

or 2 phase current decreased
&
Among {IMA,IMB,IMC} and
{ILA,ILB,ILC}
All currents without changing
Among{IMA,IMB,IMC}, only 1
or 2 phase current decreased
≥1 & CT Fail
Among {IHA,IHB,IHC} and &
{ILA,ILB,ILC}
Among {ILA,ILB,ILC}, only1 or

2 phase current decreased
&
Among {IHA,IHB,IHC} and
{IMA,IMB,IMC}
-34-
Fig. 7 CT Fail detection logic
4.1.1.10 Differential current alarm
When the imbalance differential current is more than a threshold(fixed 0.3I D , I D is

setting), alarm will be given to remind user to detect the secondary circuit and the
setting ―DIFF ALARM ON‖ (1-On, 0-Off) can be used to enable or disable this
function.
In order to avoid the incorrect alarm, a step is adopted for the threshold when the
differential current is less than limits. It is shown in following formula. Timer for alarm
is fixed to 5 seconds.
0.3I D  0.1A, I D.alarm  0.1A, if I n  1A


0.3I D  0.3 A, I D.alarm  0.3 A, if I n  5 A
4.1.2 Settings of differential protection
Table 12 Setting of Differential protection

Setting Default
No Setting Title Comment
options setting
Instantaneous Differential (ID)
1 INST DIFF ID 0.5..100A 20
current setting
Percentage Differential (ID) current
2 PER DIFF ID 0.1..20A 2
setting
The 1st breakpoint restraint current
3 DIFF IR1 0.1..5A 2
(IR1)
The 2nd breakpoint restraint current
4 DIFF IR2 0.1..50A 2
(IR2)
5 DIFF SLOPE S1 0.0..0.2 0.2 the 1st slope
6 DIFF SLOPE S2 0.2..0.7 0.7 the 2nd slope
7 DIFF 2nd HAR RATIO 0.05..0.45 0.15 2nd harmonic(HAR) ratio
8 DIFF 5th HAR RATIO 0.10..0.60 0.35 5th harmonic(HAR) ratio

Instantaneous differential protection
9 INST DIFF ON 1/0 0
ON 1-on; 0-off.
Percentage differential protection
10 PER DIFF ON 1/0 0
ON 1-on; 0-off.
2nd harmonic (HAR) inhibit not the
1/0 0 fuzzy recognition based on the
11 2nd HAR NOT WAVE
waveform(WAVE)
1-2nd harmonic on; 0- waveform on
1/0 0 5th harmonic (HAR) inhibit on
12 5th HAR ON
1-on; 0-off.
Differential current (DIFF) Alarming
13 DIFF ALARM ON 1/0 0 on
1-on; 0-off.
1/0 0 CT Failure Detection On/Off
14 CT FAIL DETECT
1-on; 0-off.
Remark:
above the double line for settings, below double lines for Control word.
-35-
Note:
When the equipment is delivered, the differential protection function is switched to
0(OFF), This is because this protection function must not be used before at least the
vector group angle and common parameters for every side have been correctly set.
Without these settings the equipment may show unpredictable behavior.(e.g.
tripping)!
4.2 Restricted earth fault protection(ANSI-87TN)

The restricted earth fault protection detects earth faults in transformers. It is sensitive,
and more sensitive than the classical differential protection. Typical application would
be star point earthing transformers and auto-transformers. The restricted earth fault
protection is relative to the winding connection mode. If delta connection is set in
Common Para setting value, the protection will be invalid.
A precondition is that a CT is installed in the star point connection, i.e. between the
star point and earth. The star point CT and the three phase CTs define the limits of
the protected zone exactly.
Examples are illustrated in the Fig. 8 to Fig. 9.
I A.2 Side 1 Side 2

A A
IB.2
B B
IC .2
C C
CSC-326 3I01
Fig. 8 Restricted earth fault protection on an earthed transformer winding

I A.2
A I A.3
A
IB.2
B IB.3
B
IC .2
C IC .3
C
3I01
CSC-326
Fig. 9 Restricted earth fault protection on an auto-transformer
-36-
4.2.1.1 Basic principle


During healthy operation, no neutral current 3I 01 flows through the neutral lead, the
   
residual current 3I 02  I A.2  I B.2  I C.2 is zero (Fig.10). For autotransformer the
       
residual current 3I 02  I A.2  I B.2  I C.2 and 3I 03  I A.3  I B.3  I C.3 are zero (Fig.11).
When an earth fault occurs in the protected zone, a neutral current 3I 01 will flow;
depending on the neutral point earthing conditions of the power system a further
neutral current may be recognized in the residual current path of the phase CTs.
Since all currents which flow into the protected zone are defined positive, the residual
current from the system will be more or less in phase with the neutral point current.
When an earth fault occurs outside the protected zone, a neutral point current 3I 01
will flow equally; but the residual current of the phase CTs 3I 02 is now of equal
magnitude and in phase opposition with the neutral point current.
When a fault without earth connection occurs outside the protected zone, a residual
current may occur in the residual current path of the phase CT which is caused by
different saturation of the phases under strong through-current conditions. This
current could simulate a fault in the protected zone. Wrong tripping must be avoided
under such condition.
I diff 0 I res0
The differential current and the restraining current are calculated
according to formula (5-6),
I diff 0  3I0.1  3I0.2  3I0.3



 I  max{ 3I0.1 , 3I0.2 , 3I0.3 }
 res0 (5-6)
I diff 0 I
and res 0 are compared by the restricted earth fault protection with the
operating characteristic according to the following formula(5-7), Ratio compensation
and CT fault recognition etc are integrated in the protection.
I diff 0  I 0 D I res0  I 0 D / S 0 D 

I diff 0  S 0 D  I res0 I res0  I 0 D / S 0 D 
(5-7)
Where：
I 0D
- setting for the sensitivity threshold of restricted earth fault protection
S 0 D - Slope of the branch
I Diff0
Trip area
S0D
I 0D
block area
I Res0
-37-
Fig. 10 Characteristic of restricted earth fault protection

Percent differential protection uses a dual-slope operating characteristic, Restraint
characteristic of restricted earth fault protection see in Fig. 10.
4.2.1.2 Zero differential ratio compensation
If 3-phase CT ratio is unequal to REF CT ratio, the difference in currents may result
an error that leads to a zero differential current. So the reference side is taken and
zero differential ratio compensation is calculated by the software.
For normal transformer, zero differential ratios are calculated according to the
following formula:
n REFHV n REFMV n REFLV
K REFHV  K REFMV  K REFLV 
n HV n MV n LV
, ,
Where：
K REFHV
－ratio compensation for HV NCT;
K REFMV －ratio compensation for MV NCT;
K REFLV －ratio compensation for LV NCT;
For autotransformer, zero differential ratios are calculated according to the following
formula:
n MV n REF
K MV  K REF 
n HV n HV
,
Where：
K MV －ratio compensation for MV CT;
K REF －ratio compensation for common winding NCT;
Note:
To ensure the accuracy of devices, range of ratio compensation should be 0.1 ~ 5.
4.2.1.3 REF zero differential current alarm
When the imbalance zero differential current is more than a threshold (settable),
alarm will be given to remind user to detect the secondary circuit.
In order to avoid the incorrect alarm, a step is adopted for the threshold when the
zero differentials current is less than limits. It is shown in following formula.
Timer for both trip stage and alarm stage also can be settable.
 I D.alarm  0.1A, I D.alarm  0.1A, if I n  1A


 I D.alarm  0.3 A, I D.alarm  0.3 A, if I n  5 A
-38-
REF TRIP ON
& TTrip REF Trip
REF ALARM ON TAlarm

& REF Alarm
Idiff0>Ialarm.0
Fig. 11 Tripping logic of the restricted earth fault protection
Tripping logic of the restricted earth fault protection is shown in Fig. 11.
4.2.2 Settings of restricted earth fault protection
Table 13 Setting of restricted earth fault protection

Setting Default
options setting
Current setting for HV Restricted
1. HV REF I0D 0.1..10A 2
Earth Fault (REF) protection
Slope setting for HV Restricted
2. HV REF SLOPE 0.2..0.7 0.5
Earth Fault (REF) protection
HV Restricted Earth Fault (REF) trip
3. HV REF TRIP T 0…10s 0.03
time setting
HV REF ALARM HV Restricted Earth Fault (REF)
4. 0.1..10A 2
I0D alarm current setting
HV Restricted Earth Fault (REF)
5. HV REF ALARM T 0…10s 0.03
alarm time setting
HV Restricted earth fault(REF)
6. HV REF TRIP ON 1/0 0 trip-stage ON
1-on; 0-off.
HV REF ALARM HV Restricted earth fault(REF)
7. 1/0 0 Alarm-stage ON
ON
1-on; 0-off.
Remarks:
In one function, above the double line for settings, below double lines for Control
word.
4.3 Overexcitation protection (ANSI 24)

The overexcitation protection is used to detect impermissible overexcitation

conditions which can endanger transformers. The overexcitation protection must pick
up when the induction admissible for the protected transformers is exceeded. The
transformer is endangered, for example, if the power station block is disconnected
from the system for full-load, and if the voltage regulator either does not operate or
does not operate sufficiently fast to control the associated voltage rise. Similarly,
decrease in frequency, e.g. in island system, can endanger the transformer because
of increased induction.
An increase in induction above the rated values leads very quickly to saturation of the
-39-
iron core and to large eddy current losses. The overexcitation protection feature
servers to measure the voltage/frequency ratio which is proportional to the B
induction and puts it in relation to the BN nominal induction. In this context, both
voltage and frequency are related to nominal values of the object to be protected
transformer. The formula (5-8) is for calculating the voltage/hertz ratio. The
calculation is based on the maximum voltage of the three phase-neutral or phase-
phase voltages. Setting ‖V/F Voltage (1-VPP, 0-VPN)‖ is used to select the voltage
for overexcitation protection from phase-to-phase voltage or phase-neutral voltage.
The frequency range from 25Hz to 65Hz can be monitored in this way.
B U f U*
N  
BN U N f N f*
(5-8)
Where：
N- ratio of volt/hertz
U- phase-neutral or phase-phase voltage (selectable)
The overexcitation protection feature includes two staged characteristics and one
thermal characteristic for an approximate modeling of the heating which the
overexcitation may cause to the protected transformers. The inverse characteristic
can be set via thirteen points derived from the manufacturer data (see Fig. 12); In
addition, a definite-time alarm stage and a definite-time trip stage can be used.
u/f
overflux trip stage
1.70
Pickup threshold u/f
1.65
1.60
1.55
1.50
1.45
Inverse trip stage
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.25
1.20
1.15
1.10
T13 T12T11 T10 T9 T8 T7 T6 T5 T4 T3 T2 T1 t(s)
Fig. 12 Inverse overexcitation characteristic

Tripping Logic of the overexcitation protection is shown in Fig. 13.
-40-
U AB
 V / F _ Alarm
f
U BC
 V / F _ Alarm >=1
f
U CA
 V / F _ Alarm &
f
V/F Voltage VP-P
DEF V/F> Alarm ON T Alarm

DEF V/ F Alarm
UA
 V / F _ Alarm
f &
UB
 V / F _ Alarm >=1
f
UC
 V / F _ Alarm
f
U AB
 V / F _ Trip
f
U BC
 V / F _ Trip >=1
f
U CA
 V / F _ Trip &
f
V/F Voltage VP-P
V/F Trip> ON
T Trip DEF V/ F Trip
UA
 V / F _ Trip
f
&
UB
 V / F _ Trip >=1
f
UC
 V / F _ Trip
f
IVR V/F PAB
IVR V/F PBC >=1

IVR V/F PCA
V/F Voltage VP-P &
IVR V/F> ON IVR V/ F Trip
IVR V/F PA
&
IVR V/F PB >=1
IVR V/F PC
Fig. 13 Tripping logic of overexcitation protection

Note:
-41-
It is possible for some transformers to operate at the condition of N=1.10 continuously.

In order to meet the condition, you only need to set the corresponding timer setting
―T1 IVR V/F=1.10‖ as 9999s. The points for N=1.15, N=1.20, N=1.25 and N=1.30 are
same as the point N=1.10. It means that the overexcitation inverse characteristic is
compound of 13 points at most, maybe less than 13 points.
4.3.2 Settings of overexcitation protection
Table 14 Setting of overexcitation protection

Setting Default
options setting
1. HV Ubase 40..130 57.3 Nominal phase voltage in HV side
2. HV DEF V/F Alarm 1.0..1.5 1.1 Alarming setting of volt/hz

Timer setting for volt/hz alarming
3. HV T DEF V/F Alarm 0.1..9999s 10
stage
Tripping setting of definite volt/hz
4. HV DEF V/F Trip 1.0..1.5 1.2
stage
5. HV T DEF V/F Trip 0.1..9999s 10 Timer setting for definite volt/hz stage
6. HV T1 IVR V/F=1.10 0.1..9999s 90 Timer setting for volt/hz=1.10

HV T10 IVR
15. 0.1..9999s 25 Timer setting for volt/hz=1.55
V/F=1.55
HV T12 IVR
V/F=1.65
HV T13 IVR
V/F=1.70
HV Definite Overexcitation (V/F)
HV DEF V/F ALARM
19. 1/0 0 Alarming on
ON
1-on; 0-off.
HV Definite (DEF)Overexcitation
HV DEF V/F TRIP
20. 1/0 0 (V/F) on
ON
1-on; 0-off.
HV Inverse (IVR)Overexcitation (V/F)
21. HV IVR V/F ON 1/0 0 on
1-on; 0-off.
HV Overexcitation protection uses
HV V/F Voltage
22. 1/0 0 phase-to-phase voltage(VPP) or
(1-VPP,0-VPN)
phase-to-earth voltage(VPN)
-42-
1-VPP; 0-VPN.
23. MV Ubase 40..130 57.3 Nominal phase voltage in MV side

24. MV DEF V/F Alarm 1.0..1.5 1.1 Alarming setting of volt/hz
Timer setting for volt/hz alarming
25. MV T DEF V/F Alarm 0.1..9999s 10
stage
Tripping setting of definite volt/hz
26. MV DEF V/F Trip 1.0..1.5 1.2
stage
27. MV T DEF V/F Trip 0.1..9999s 10 Timer setting for definite volt/hz stage
28. MV T1 IVR V/F=1.10 0.1..9999s 90 Timer setting for volt/hz=1.10

MV T10 IVR
V/F=1.55
MV T11 IVR
V/F=1.60
MV T12 IVR
V/F=1.65
MV T13 IVR
V/F=1.70
MV Definite Overexcitation (V/F)
MV DEF V/F ALARM
ON
1-on; 0-off.
MV Definite (DEF)Overexcitation
MV DEF V/F TRIP
42. 1/0 0 (V/F) on
ON
1-on; 0-off.
MV Inverse (IVR)Overexcitation (V/F)
43. MV IVR V/F ON 1/0 0 on
1-on; 0-off.
MV Overexcitation protection uses
MV V/F Voltage phase-to-phase voltage(VPP) or
44. 1/0 0
(1-VPP,0-VPN) phase-to-earth voltage(VPN)
1-VPP; 0-VPN.
Remarks:
 different functions for HV,MV and LV are distinguished by treble lines;
 In one function, above the double line for settings, below double lines for
Control word.
-43-
4.4 Distance protection

Both phase-to-phase distance protection and phase-to-earth distance protection are

provided in CSC-326. This fast short-circuit protection protects the transformer and is
a backup protection for the power system.
Phase-to-phase distance protection has two settable distance stages; in addition,
every stage can be switched over via binary setting and every stage with 1 timer
delay setting. Phase-to-phase distance calculations are based on the three
phase-to-phase voltages and phase-to-phase currents. The formula is as follows:
 U A  U B
Z AB  
 I A  I B
 U B  U C

Z BC  
 I B  IC
  
Z CA  U C  U A
 IC  I A
（5-9）
Where
ZAB, ZBC, ZCA: phase-to-phase distance
Phase-to-earth distance protection has one settable distance stage, with 1 timer
delay setting. The formula for calculation phase-to-earth distance is as follow:
U 
Z  
I  K  3I0
（5-10）
Where：
U  - Phase voltage (   A, B, C )
I - Phase current (   A, B, C )
K - Zero sequence current compensation factors

In order to avoiding the mal-operation of the distance protection, it is blocked when
VT fuse failure occurs. Both distance characteristics are round (see Fig. 14).
X X
XZ XZ×NZ
RZ
R RZ×NZ R
RZ×NZ
RZ
XZ×NZ XZ
a) Direction to transformer b) Direction to system
-44-
Fig. 14 Tripping characteristics of distance protection

The positive direction for distance protection can be switched over via binary setting.
For example, for phase-to-phase distance, if binary setting ―DIS_1 DIR TO SYS‖ is
set 1, it means direction for 1st stage phase-to-phase distance is to system; and
setting is set 0, it means direction to transformer. It is same to phase to earth
distance.
In order to avoid unwanted operation of distance protection and to insure correct
operation when phase-to-phase fault and phase-to-earth fault occur. Auxiliary startup
elements including negative current element and abrupt current element are adopted.
4.4.2 Auxiliary abrupt current startup element
When all kinds of faults occur in the protected section, current in HV or MV side will
be abrupt change. Abrupt current startup element is adopted in distance protection;
the formula is as (5-11):
i   0.2 I N


i   i  (t )  i  (t  n)  2i  (t  2n)

(5-11)
Where：
i  - abrupt current startup element
4.4.3 Auxiliary negative current startup element
When the imbalance fault occurs in the protected section, negative current occurs at
the same time. Using negative current is helpful to detect the imbalance faults.
Auxiliary negative current startup element adopts formula (5-12):
I 2  0.2I ie i  h, m
( ) (5-12)
Where
I ie - rated current of HV or MV side.
Phase-to-phase distance and phase-to-earth distance have same logic. The typical
logic of 1 stage of distance protection is shown in Fig. 15.
DIS ON
I2>0.2Ie
>=1 T DIS Trip
i  0.2 I N &
Distance Point
inside the Circle
VT failure
Fig. 15 Tripping logic for distance protection
4.4.4 Settings of Distance protection
Table 15 Setting of distance protection

Setting Default
options setting
Phase-to-earth distance(DIS PH-N)
1 HV DIS PH-N X 0.1..125Ω 10
setting X
-45-

2 HV DIS PH-N R 0.1..125Ω 1
setting R
HV DIS OFFSET
3 0.0..1.00 1 Offset ratio to setting
RATIO
zero sequence compensation
4 HV K FACTOR 0.0..99.0 1
coefficient
5 T HV DIS PH-N 0.1..20.0s 5 Timer setting for DIS PH-N
Phase to earth distance(DIS PH-N) in
6 HV DIS PH-N ON 0/1 0
HV side on.
Phase to earth Distance (DIS PH-N)
HV DIS PH-N DIR
7 0/1 0 direction(DIR) to system(SYS) in HV
TO SYS
side
1st stage Phase-to-phase
8 HV DIS1 PH-PH X1 0.1..125Ω 10
distance(DIS1) setting X
9 HV DIS1 PH-PH R1 0.1..125Ω 1
distance(DIS1) setting
HV DIS1 OFFSET Offset ratio to setting of 1st stage
10 0.0..1.00 1
RATIO DIS1
11 T HV DIS1 PH-PH 0.1..20.0s 5 Timer setting for 1st stage DIS1
2nd stage Phase-to-phase
12 HV DIS2 PH-PH X2 0.1..125Ω 10
13 HV DIS2 PH-PH R2 0.1..125Ω 1
HV DIS2 OFFSET Offset ratio to setting of 2nd stage
14 0.0..1.00 1
RATIO DIS2
15 T HV DIS2 PH-PH 0.1..20.0s 5 Timer setting for 2nd stage DIS2
HV DIS1 PH-PH 1st stage phase to phase distance
16 0/1 0
ON (DIS1) in HV side on
1st stage Phase to phase Distance
HV DIS1 PH-PH
17 0/1 0 (DIS1) direction(DIR) to
DIR TO SYS
system(SYS) in HV side
HV DIS2 PH-PH 2nd stage phase to phase distance
18 0/1 0
2nd stage Phase to phase Distance
HV DIS2 PH-PH
DIR TO SYS
20 MV DIS PH-N X 0.1..125Ω 10
setting X
21 MV DIS PH-N R 0.1..125Ω 1
setting R
MV DIS OFFSET
22 0.0..1.00 1 Offset ratio to setting
RATIO
zero sequence compensation
23 MV K FACTOR 0.0..99.0 1
coefficient
24 T MV DIS PH-N 0.1..20.0s 5 Timer setting for DIS PH-N
Phase to earth distance(DIS PH-N) in
25 MV DIS PH-N ON 0/1 0
MV side on.
Phase to earth Distance (DIS PH-N)
MV DIS PH-N DIR
26 0/1 0 direction(DIR) to system(SYS) in MV
TO SYS
side
-46-

27 MV DIS1 PH-PH X1 0.1..125Ω 10
distance(DIS) setting X
28 MV DIS1 PH-PH R1 0.1..125Ω 1
distance(DIS) setting
MV DIS1 OFFSET Offset ratio to setting of 1st stage
29 0.0..1.00 1
RATIO DIS1
30 T MV DIS1 PH-PH 0.1..20.0s 5 Timer setting for 1st stage DIS1
31 MV DIS2 PH-PH X2 0.1..125Ω 10
32 MV DIS2 PH-PH R2 0.1..125Ω 1
distance(DIS2) setting R
MV DIS2 OFFSET Offset ratio to setting of 2nd stage
33 0.0..1.00 1
RATIO DIS2
34 T MV DIS2 PH-PH 0.1..20.0s 5 Timer setting for 2nd stage DIS2
MV DIS1 PH-PH 1st stage phase to phase distance
35 0/1 0
ON (DIS1) in MV side on
MV DIS1 PH-PH
DIR TO SYS
system(SYS) in MV side
MV DIS2 PH-PH 2nd stage phase to phase distance
37 0/1 0
MV DIS2 PH-PH
DIR TO SYS
Remarks:
 Different functions for HV,MV and LV are distinguished by treble lines;
 In one function, above the double line for settings, below double lines for
Control word.
4.5 Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection

This protection function is a backup protection for the transformer and the power
system. The protection comprises 2 stages definite overcurrent I and 1 stage IDMTL
overcurrent. The integrated directional function can be applied to the overcurrent
protection via binary settings. This function is offered in every side of the transformer.
4.5.1.1 Definite overcurrent element
If the direction is disabled, the overcurrent element only use the maximum current of
three phase current, the operation criterion is
max( I a , I b , I c )  I set
(5-13)
Where：
I set
-setting for overcurrent protection.
If the direction is enabled, the overcurrent element operate for each phase, the
operation criterion is:
-47-
I   I set (   a, b, c ) (5-14)
4.5.1.2 IDMTL overcurrent element
IDMTL overcurrent element using the IEC or ANSI curves is provided. Both IEC
curves and ANSI curves can be expressed by one formula as follows,
 
 
 A 
t  M  P
 B
 I 
1 
I  
 S   (5-15)
Where：
I - Fault current;
I S -current setting;
M -time multiplier;
A, P, B- the characteristic parameter for IDMTL curves, reference to Table 16.
IEC IDMTL curves include four kind curves, and they are NI (Normal Inverse), VI
(Inverse), EI (Extreme Inverse), and LTI. ANSI curves include three kinds of curves,
and they are MI, VI and EI. The maximum timer t for IEC and ANSI is fixed to 100s.
In order to meet the IEC and ANSI curves, the function include setting M, setting A,
I
setting P, setting B and setting S .
Table 16 parameters for IDMTL curves
Curves No. IDMTL Curves Parameter A Parameter P Parameter B
1 IEC NI 0.14 0.02 0
2 IEC VI 13.5 1.0 0
3 IEC EI 80.0 2.0 0
4 IEC LTI 120.0 1.0 0
5 ANSI MI 0.0515 0.02 0.114
6 ANSI VI 19.61 2.0 0.491
7 ANSI EI 28.2 2.0 0.1217
4.5.1.3 Directional element
The phase angle difference of input current and voltage of the directional element

is 90 , and the operation range is
 lm  85  . There are three separate directional
elements.
 lm is positive when voltage is leading to current.
-48-

Ia
850  lm  
 45
0

U bc U bc
850
 lm  1350

Ia
Fig. 16 phase-phase directional element characteristic

The directional element can be enabled via binary setting ―DIR ON‖ (1-On, 0-Off), and
the forward direction can be selected via binary setting ―DIR TO SYS‖ (1-direction to
system, 0-direction to transformer). In order to avoid the voltage dead zone for three
phase fault at relay location, the memory voltage is used for directional element.
Every definite stage and IDMTL has separate binary setting to select whether
direction is put on and the direction of the directional element. The directional element
voltage of every side use the voltage on itself side.
Note:
 lm =-45ºrepresents the voltage is lagging by current.
The logic for Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection is shown in Fig. 17.
O/C ON
I>Iset &
O/C DIR ON
T OC Trip
VT failure &
DIR Positive
IDMTL O/C ON
Inverse Curve> &
IDMTL DIR ON
T IDMTL OC Trip
VT failure &
DIR Positive
Fig. 17 Tripping logic for definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection
4.5.2 Settings of definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection
Table 17 Setting of definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection

Setting Default
options setting
-49-
Overcurrent (OC) setting for 1st stage

1. HV OC I1 0.1..100 100
( I1 )
2. T HV OC I1 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 1st stage OC
Overcurrent (OC) setting for 2nd
3. HV OC I2 0.1..100 100
stage ( I2 )
4. T HV OC I2 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 2nd stage OC
IDMTL HV OC
5. 0.025..2 1
TimeMult
IDMTL HV OC CRV Ref to IEC and ANSI Curves
6. 1.. 7 7
SEL
7. IDMTL HV OC I 0.1..100A 5
1st stage(_1) Overcurrent (OC) in HV
8. HV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
side on
Direction (DIR) detection of 1st
9. HV OC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0 stage(_1) of Overcurrent(OC) in HV
side
Direction (DIR) of 1st stage (_1)
HV OC_1 DIR TO
10. 1/0 0 Overcurrent (OC)to system not
SYS
transformer itself in HV side
2nd stage(_2) Overcurrent (OC) in
11. HV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
HV side on
Direction (DIR) detection of 2nd
12. HV OC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0 Stage(_2) of Overcurrent(OC) in HV
side
Direction (DIR) of 2nd stage (_2)
HV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in HV side
14. HV IDMTL OC ON 1/0 0
on
HV IDMTL OC DIR Direction (DIR) detection of IDMTL
15. 1/0 0
ON Overcurrent(OC) in HV side
Direction (DIR) of IDMTL Overcurrent
HV IDMTL OC DIR
16. 1/0 0 (OC)to system not transformer itself
TO SYS
in HV side
17. MV OC I1 0.1..100 100
( I1 )
18. T MV OC I1 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 1st stage OC
19. MV OC I2 0.1..100 100
stage ( I2 )
20. T MV OC I2 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 2nd stage OC
IDMTL MV OC
21. 0.025..2 1
TimeMult
IDMTL MV OC CRV Ref to IEC and ANSI Curves
22. 1.. 7 7
SEL
23. IDMTL MV OC I 0.1..100A 5
1st stage(_1) Overcurrent (OC) with
24. MV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
time delay T in MV side on
-50-

25. MV OC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0 Stage(_1) of Overcurrent(OC) in MV
side
direction (DIR) of 1st stage (_1)
MV OC_1 DIR TO
SYS
transformer itself in MV side
2nd stage(_2) Overcurrent (OC) with
27. MV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
time delay T in MV side on
28. MV OC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0 Stage(_2) of Overcurrent(OC) in MV
side
direction (DIR) of 2nd stage (_2)
MV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in MV side
30. MV IDMTL OC ON 1/0 0
on
MV IDMTL OC DIR Direction (DIR) detection of IDMTL
31. 1/0 0
ON Overcurrent(OC) in MV side
MV IDMTL OC DIR
TO SYS
in MV side
33. LV OC I1 0.1..100 100
( I1 )
34. T LV OC I1 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 1st stage OC
35. LV OC I2 0.1..100 100
stage ( I2 )
36. T LV OC I2 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 2nd stage OC
IDMTL LV OC
37. 0.025..2 1
TimeMult
IDMTL LV OC CRV Ref to IEC and ANSI Curves
38. 1.. 7 7
SEL
39. IDMTL LV OC I 0.1..100A 5
1st stage(_1) of Overcurrent (OC) in
40. LV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
LV side on
41. LV OC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0 Stage(_1) of Overcurrent(OC) in LV
side
LV OC_1 DIR TO
SYS
transformer itself in LV side
2nd stage(_2) of Overcurrent (OC) in
43. LV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
LV side on
side
LV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in LV side
46. LV IDMTL OC ON 1/0 0
on
-51-
LV IDMTL OC DIR Direction (DIR) detection of IDMTL

47. 1/0 0
ON Overcurrent(OC) in LV side
LV IDMTL OC DIR
TO SYS
in LV side
4.6 Definite and IDMTL neutral current protection

This protection function is a backup protection for the transformer and the power
system. The protection comprises 2 stages definite residual current 3I0 and 1 stage
IDMTL neutral current. The integrated directional function can be applied to the
neutral current protection via binary settings.
This protection is only using as backup protection for transformer and adjacent
element for ground fault in directly earthed system. This function is offered in every
side of the transformer.
4.6.1.1 Zero sequence overcurrent element
Zero sequence overcurrent element calculated by three phase current for every side.
3I 0  3I 0set (5-16)
Where：
3I 0 set - setting of zero sequence overcurrent.
4.6.1.2 IDMTL neutral current element
IDMTL neutral current curves are same to IDMTL overcurrent curves, it is reference
to IDMTL overcurrent.
4.6.1.3 Zero sequence directional element
Voltage and current for zero sequence directional elements all are calculated by three
phase quantity. The maximum sensitive angle

lm is -100°. The operation range
  80
is lm

. The forward direction can be selected with control word as pointing to
the transformer or system.

3I0

 lm  100 0 3U 0
800
 80 0  lm 80 0
3U 0

3I0
-52-
Fig. 18 characteristic of zero sequence direction elements

The logic for Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection is shown in Fig. 19.
N/C ON
3I0>3I0set &
N/C DIR ON
T NC Trip
VT failure &
DIR Positive
IDMTL N/C ON
Inverse Curve> &
IDMTL DIR ON
T IDMTL NC Trip
VT failure &
DIR Positive
Fig. 19 Tripping logic for definite and IDMTL neutral current protection
4.6.2 Settings of definite and IDMTL neutral current protection
Table 18 Setting of definite and IDMTL neutral current protection

Setting Default
options setting
Neutral Current (NC) setting for
1. HV NC I01 0.1..100 100
1st stage ( I01 )
2. T HV NC I01 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 1st stage NOC
3. HV NC I02 0.1..100 100
2nd stage ( I02 )
4. T HV NC I02 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 2nd stage NOC
IDMTL HV NC
5. 0.025..2 1
TimeMult
IDMTL HV NC CRV Ref to IEC and ANSI Curves
6. 1.. 7 7
SEL
7. IDMTL HV NC I0 0.1..100A 5
1st stage(_1) Neutral Current (NC)
8. HV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
in HV side on
Direction(DIR) detection of 1st
9. HV NC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0 stage(_1) Neutral Current (NC)
in high voltage (HV)side on
HV NC_1 DIR TO
10. 1/0 0 Neutral Current (NOC)to system
SYS
not transformer itself in HV side
2nd stage(_2) Neutral Current
11. HV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
(NC) in HV side on
Direction(DIR) detection of 2nd
12. HV NC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0 stage(_2) Neutral Current (NC)
in high voltage (HV)side on
-53-

HV NC_2 DIR TO
13. 1/0 0 Neutral Current (NC)to system
SYS
IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in HV
14. HV IDMTL NC ON 1/0 0
side on
Direction(DIR) detection of IDMTL
HV IDMTL NC DIR
15. 1/0 0 Neutral Current (NC) in high
ON
voltage (HV)side on
Direction (DIR) of IDMTL Neutral
HV IDMTL NC DIR
16. 1/0 0 Current (NC)to system not
TO SYS
17. MV NC I01 0.1..100 100
1st stage ( I01 )
18. T MV NC I01 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 1st stage NOC
19. MV NC I02 0.1..100 100
2nd stage ( I02 )
20. T MV NC I02 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 2nd stage NOC
IDMTL MV NC
21. 0.025..2 1
TimeMult
IDMTL MV NC CRV Ref to IEC and ANSI Curves
22. 1.. 7 7
SEL
23. IDMTL MV NC I0 0.1..100A 5
24. MV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
in MV side on
25. MV NC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0 stage(_1) Neutral Current (NC)
in MV side on
MV NC_1 DIR TO
SYS
not transformer itself in MV side
27. MV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
(NC) in MV side on
28. MV NC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0 stage(_2) Neutral Current (NC)
in MV side on
MV NC_2 DIR TO
SYS
IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in MV
30. MV IDMTL NC ON 1/0 0
side on
MV IDMTL NC DIR
ON
voltage (MV)side on
MV IDMTL NC DIR
TO SYS
33. LV NC I01 0.1..100 100
1st stage ( I01 )
34. T LV NC I01 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 1st stage NOC
-54-

35. LV NC I02 0.1..100 100
2nd stage ( I02 )
36. T LV NC I02 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for 2nd stage NOC
IDMTL LV NC
37. 0.025..2 1
TimeMult
IDMTL LV NC CRV Ref to IEC and ANSI Curves
38. 1.. 7 7
SEL
39. IDMTL LV NC I0 0.1..100A 5
40. LV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
in LV side on
41. LV NC_1 DIR ON 1/0 0 stage(_1) Neutral Current (NC)
in high voltage (LV)side on
LV NC_1 DIR TO
SYS
not transformer itself in LV side
43. LV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
(NC) in LV side on
44. LV NC_2 DIR ON 1/0 0 stage(_2) Neutral Current (NC)
in high voltage (LV)side on
LV NC_2 DIR TO
SYS
not transformer itself in LV side
IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in LV
46. LV IDMTL NC ON 1/0 0
side on
LV IDMTL NC DIR
ON
voltage (LV)side on
LV IDMTL NC DIR
TO SYS
4.7 Neutral displacement protection

This protection is often used for the transformer which the neutral is not earthed. The
protection comprises 2 stage 3U0, 1st stage for alarming, and 2nd stage for tripping.
This function is offered in every side of the transformer.
For LV side, neutral displacement protection adopts the zero sequence voltage
calculated by three phase voltage.
3U0> Alarm ON
3U0> & T1 3U0 Alarm
3U0> Trip ON
3U0> & T2 3U0 Trip
Fig. 20 Tripping logic for neutral displacement protection

The logic for neutral displacement protection is shown in Fig. 20.
-55-
4.7.2 Settings of neutral displacement protection
Table 19 Setting of neutral displacement protection

Setting Default
options setting
Neutral voltage setting for alarming
1 LV 3U0 ALARM 2..300 300
stage
2 T LV 3U0 ALARM 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
Neutral voltage setting for tripping
3 LV 3U0 TRIP 2..300 300
stage
4 T LV 3U0 TRIP 0.1..20s 20 Timer setting for neutral voltage
Neutral displacement (3U0) alarm in
5 LV 3U0 ALARM ON 1/0 0
LV side on
Neutral displacement (3U0) trip in
6 LV 3U0 TRIP ON 1/0 0
LV side on
VT Fail Block MV Neutral
VT Fail Block MV
7 1/0 0 displacement (3U0)
3U0
1-Block 0-Not Block
4.8 Thermal overload protection

Transformer design has changed, with less and less metal being used per MVA of
transformed power. This has reduced the withstand time a transformer can be
allowed to be run in an overloaded state. It is becoming more important to provide an
additional thermal protection to supplement the Winding Temperature device.
Thermal overload protection characteristic is provided as THERMAL IEC 60255-8.
There are IEC cold and IEC hot curves.
The cold curve is
 I eq 2 
t   ln 2 2
 I eq  I  
(5-17)
The hot curve is

 I eq  (1  H / C ) I P 
2 2

t   ln 

 I eq  I 
2 2

 (5-18)
Where：
t- thermal trip time
2
I eq I eq 
I A  IB  IC 
- Equivalent thermal current, 3 ,
 - Thermal time constant
I  - RMS thermal current setting
1 H / C -hot spot weighting factor
IP
- Prior current takes into account cyclic loading.
-56-
When the thermal overload is accumulated to 80% of the total thermal ability, the
alarm report ―THERM Alarm‖ will be given.
4.8.2 Settings of thermal overload protection
Table 20 Setting of thermal overload protection

Setting Default
options setting
HV THERM
1 0.1..25 2 Setting for thermal overload
OVLD I
HV THERM Time const for thermal overload
2 1..1000s 10
TimeConst protection
HV
3 WeightFactor 0..1 0 Hot cool weight factor H/C
H/C
HV THERM
4 1/0 0 Thermal overload in HV side on
OVLD ON
4.9 Other auxiliary protection

Other auxiliary protections are provided. For example, overload protection. The
overload protection is to protect all sides of windings of transformer continuous
overload currents. The protection only comprises a definite time alarm stage.
Overload protection use the maximum current element of three phases.
The logic for overload protection is shown in Fig. 21.
OLD ON Load Alarm

& T
Max(IA,IB,IC)>Iset
Fig. 21 The logic for overload protection
4.9.2 Settings of other auxiliary protection
Table 26 Setting of other auxiliary protection

Setting Default
options setting
1. HV OVLD I 0.1..20 20 Overcurrent Setting of overload
2. T HV OVLD I 0.1..3600s 20 Timer setting for overload
3. HV OVLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in HV side on
4. MV OVLD I 0.1..20 20 Overcurrent Setting of overload
5. T MV OVLD I 0.1..3600s 20 Timer setting for overload
6. MV OVLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in MV side on
7. LV OVLD I 0.1..20 20 Overcurrent Setting of overload
-57-
8. T LV OVLD I 0.1..3600s 20 Timer setting for overload
9. LV OVLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in LV side on
4.10 VT failure
VT failure supervision can be enabled or disabled through setting ―VT FAIL DETECT‖
(1-On, 0-Off), when VT failure, the distance protection will be blocked.
VT failure includes three phase VT failure element and single or two phase VT failure
element. The criteria for VT failure detection are as follows:
 3 phases VT failure element: voltages of three phases all are under 18V and
current of any phase is larger than threshold (fixed in the software, for 1A CT,
the threshold is 0.06A; for 5A CT, the threshold is 0.3A.), confirm three VT
failure over 10s. The logic for 3 phases VT failure is shown in Fig. 22.
VT FAIL DETECT
UA<18V
UB<18V & &
UC<18V
10s VT Fail
IA>Iset
IB>Iset >=1
IC>Iset
Fig. 22 The logic for 3 phases VT failure
 1 or 2 phases VT failure element: If

3U 0 added by three phase voltage is
larger than 18V and three phase-phase voltages are not equal, difference
between two phase-phase voltage is larger than 18V(in order to discriminate
ground fault in indirectly earthed system ), confirm VT failure over 10s. The
logic for one or two phase VT failure is shown in Fig. 23.
VT FAIL DETECT
|UAB-UBC|>18V
|UBC-UCA|>18V >=1 &
|UCA-UAB|>18V
10s VT Fail
U A  U B  U C  18V
Fig. 23 The logic for 1or 2 phases VT failure
4.11 DI Trip DO
External digital input operated record disturbance functions are also provided.
-58-
There are several special digital inputs which can trip respective digital output
according to the anticipated setup in control-word setting value. At present three DIs
(DI1~DI3) are provided. Whether DI1~DI3 will trip DO1~DO3 respectively or not
depends on the corresponding settings.
The logic for DI 1 trip Digital Output (DO) 1 directly is shown in Fig. 24. The instance
of DI2 to DO2 and DI3 to DO3 is similar to DI1 to DO1.
DI 1 is high
& DO 1
DI 1 enable DO 1
LED 7
Fig. 24 The logic for DI 1 to DO 1
-59-
5 Setting and calculation

All relay‘s settings are listed in a same setting list. The printed setting sheet
consists of two parts — setting list and communication parameters.
5.1 Setting sheet

5.1.1 Settings- equipment parameters
Equipment parameters are shown as Table 21.

Table 21 Equipment parameters list
Setting Default
No Setting Title Comment Function
options setting
Autotransformer not common t
ransformer
1. AUTO TRANS 1/0 1 1-autotransformer ;
0- not autotransformer
Two-winding(TWO WIND ) not
three -winding transformer
TWO-WIND
2. 1/0 0 (TRANS)
TRANS 1-two-winding trans;
0-three-winding trans
VT FAIL VT Failure Detection On/Off
3. 1/0 0 Common
DETECT 1-On, 0-Off.
parameter
Connection for HV winding,
HV WIND s for
4. 0-1 0 0:wye connection, 1:delta
CONN/Y-0 D-1 transform
connection
Connection for MV winding, er
MV WIND
CONN/Y-0 D-1
connection
Connection for LV winding,
LV WIND
CONN/Y-0 D-1
connection
VET GRP Vector Group Angle( VET GRP
7. 0-12 11
ANGLE ANGLE)
1..3000
8. SN 360 Capacity of the transformer
MVA
1..1000 Nominal voltage (UN) in High
9. HV UN 220
kV voltage (HV)side
Voltage transformer(VT) Ratio in Common
10. HV VT RATIO 50..9999 2200
HV side parameter
CT Primary(PRI) current in HV s for HV
11. HV CT PRI 1..9999A 1200
side side
CT Secondary(SEC) current in
12. HV CT SEC 1 OR 5A 1
HV side
50..9999 Neutral CT (NCT) Primary(PRI) Common
13. HV NCT PRI 1200
A current in HV side for REF earth
-60-
Setting Default
options setting
protection
Neutral CT (NCT)
parameter
14. HV NCT SEC 1 OR 5A 1 Secondary(SEC) current in HV
s for HV
side for REF
side
1..1000 Nominal voltage (UN) in Middle
15. MV UN 110
kV voltage (MV)side
16. MV VT RATIO 1..9999 1100
MV side parameter
50..9999 CT Primary(PRI) current in MV s for MV
17. MV CT PRI 1200 side
A side
18. MV CT SEC 1 OR 5A 1
MV side
1..1000k Nominal voltage (UN) in Low
19. LV UN 10.5
V voltage (LV)side
20. LV VT RATIO 1..9999 105
LV side parameter
50..9999 CT Primary(PRI) current in LV s for LV
21. LV CT PRI 3000
A side side
22. LV CT SEC 1 OR 5A 1
LV side
5.1.2 Settings- protection settings
Protection settings are shown in Table 22 to Table 31.

Table 22 Protection setting list–Diff Set
Setting Default
options setting
Instantaneous Differential (ID)
1 DIFF ID 0.5..100A 20
current setting
Percentage Differential (ID)
2 DIFF ID 0.1..20A 2
current setting
The 1st breakpoint restraint
3 DIFF IR1 0.1..5A 2
current (IR1)
The 2nd breakpoint restraint
4 DIFF IR2 0.1..50A 2
current (IR2)
DIFF SLOPE DIFF
5 0.0..0.2 0.2 the 1st slope
S1
DIFF SLOPE
6 0.2..0.7 0.7 the 2nd slope
S2
DIFF 2nd HAR 0.05 ～
7 0.15 2nd harmonic(HAR) ratio
RATIO 0.45
DIFF 5th HAR 0.10 ～
8 0.35 5th harmonic(HAR) ratio
RATIO 0.60
Table 23 Protection setting list–REF Set

No Setting Title Setting Default Comment Function
-61-
options setting
1. HV REF IOD 0.1..10A 2 Restricted earth fault setting

Slope setting for restricted
2. HV REF SLOPE 0.2..0.7 0.5
earth fault protection
HV Restricted Earth Fault
3. HV REF TRIP T 0..10s 0.03 HV REF
(REF) trip time setting
HV REF HV Restricted earth fault alarm
4. 0.1..10A 2
ALARM I0D current setting
HV REF HV Restricted earth fault alarm
5. 0..10s 0.03
ALARM T time setting
Table 24 Protection setting list–Overexcitation Set

Setting Default
options setting
Nominal phase voltage in HV
1. HV Ubase 40..130 57.3
side
HV DEF V/F
2. 1.0..1.5 1.1 Alarming setting of volt/hz
Alarm
HV T DEF V/F Timer setting for volt/hz
3. 0.1..9999s 10
Alarm alarming stage
Tripping setting of definite
4. HV DEF V/F Trip 1.0..1.5 1.2
volt/hz stage
HV T DEF V/F Timer setting for definite
5. 0.1..9999s 10
Trip volt/hz stage
HV T1 IVR
V/F=1.10
HV T2 IVR
V/F=1.15
HV T3 IVR
V/F=1.20
HV T4 IVR
V/F=1.25
HV V/F
HV T5 IVR
V/F=1.30
HV T6 IVR
V/F=1.35
HV T7 IVR
V/F=1.40
HV T8 IVR
V/F=1.45
HV T9 IVR
V/F=1.50
HV T10 IVR
V/F=1.55
HV T11 IVR
V/F=1.60
HV T12 IVR
V/F=1.65
HV T13 IVR
V/F=1.70
19. MV Ubase 40..130 57.3 Nominal phase voltage in MV MV V/F
-62-
side
MV DEF V/F
20. 1.0..1.5 1.1 Alarming setting of volt/hz
Alarm
MV T DEF V/F Timer setting for volt/hz
21. 0.1..9999s 10
Alarm alarming stage
Tripping setting of definite
22. MV DEF V/F Trip 1.0..1.5 1.2
volt/hz stage
MV T DEF V/F Timer setting for definite
23. 0.1..9999s 10
Trip volt/hz stage
MV T1 IVR
V/F=1.10
MV T2 IVR
V/F=1.15
MV T3 IVR
V/F=1.20
MV T4 IVR
V/F=1.25
MV T5 IVR
V/F=1.30
MV T6 IVR
V/F=1.35
MV T7 IVR
V/F=1.40
MV T8 IVR
V/F=1.45
MV T9 IVR
V/F=1.50
MV T10 IVR
V/F=1.55
MV T11 IVR
V/F=1.60
MV T12 IVR
V/F=1.65
MV T13 IVR
V/F=1.70
Table 25 Protection setting list–HV Backup Set

Setting Default
options setting
Overcurrent (OC) setting
1. HV OC I1 0.1..100A 100
for 1st stage ( I1 )
Timer setting for 1st stage Definite and
2. T HV OC I1 0.1..20s 20 IDMTL
OC
Overcurrent (OC) setting overcurrent
3. HV OC I2 0.1..100A 100 protection
for 2nd stage ( I2 )
Timer setting for 2nd stage (with
4. T HV OC I2 0.1..20s 20 selective
OC
IDMTL HV OC direction) in
5. 0.025..2 1 Ref to IEC and ANSI
TimeMult High
Curves
IDMTL HV OC CRV voltage side
6. 1.. 7 7 Please refer to NOTE.
SEL
-63-
Setting Default
options setting
7. IDMTL HV OC I 0.1..100A 5
Phase-to-earth
8. HV DIS PH-N X 0.1..125Ω 10 distance(DIS PH-N)
setting X
Phase-to-earth
9. HV DIS PH-N R 0.1..125Ω 1 distance(DIS PH-N) HV earth
setting R distance
HV DIS OFFSET protection
10. 0.0..1.00 1 Offset ratio to setting (DIS PH-N)
RATIO
zero sequence
11. HV K FACTOR 0.0..99.0 1
compensation coefficient
12. T HV DIS PH-N 0.1..20.0s 5 Timer setting for DIS PH-N
13. HV DIS1 PH-PH X1 0.1..125Ω 10
14. HV DIS1 PH-PH R1 0.1..125Ω 1
HV DIS1 OFFSET Offset ratio to setting of 1st
15. 0.0..1.00 1
RATIO stage DIS1 HV
Timer setting for 1st stage inter-phase
16. T HV DIS1 PH-PH 0.1..20.0s 5
DIS1 distance
2nd stage Phase-to-phase protection
17. HV DIS2 PH-PH X2 0.1..125Ω 10
distance(DIS2) setting X (DIS
2nd stage Phase-to-phase PH-PH)
18. HV DIS2 PH-PH R2 0.1..125Ω 1
HV DIS2 OFFSET Offset ratio to setting of 2nd
19. 0.0..1.00 1
RATIO stage DIS2
Timer setting for 2nd stage
20. T HV DIS2 PH-PH 0.1..20.0s 5
DIS2
Neutral Current (NC)
21. HV NC I01 0.1..100A 100
setting for 1st stage ( I01 )
22. T HV NC I01 0.1..20s 20 IDMTL
NOC
Neutral Current (NC) neutral
23. HV NC I02 0.1..100A 100 current
setting for 2nd stage ( I02 )
Timer setting for 2nd stage protection
24. T HV NC I02 0.1..20s 20 (with
NOC
IDMTL HV NC selective
25. 0.025..2 1 direction) in
TimeMult Ref to IEC and ANSI
IDMTL HV NC CRV High
26. 1.. 7 7 Curves
SEL voltage side
Please refer to NOTE.
27. IDMTL HV NC I0 0.1..100A 5
IDMTL HV IDMTL
28. 0.025..2 1
NeuTimeMult Ref to IEC and ANSI neutral
IDMTL HV Neu CRV Curves, Please refer to current
29. 1.. 7 7
SEL NOTE. protection
30. IDMTL HV Neu I0 0.1..100A 5 in HV side
31. HV THERM OVLD I 0.1..25A 2 Setting for thermal overload Thermal
-64-
Setting Default
options setting
HV THERM Time const for thermal overload
32. 1..1000s 10
TimeConst overload protection protection
HV WeightFactor
33. 0..1 0 Hot cool weight factor H/C
H/C
Overcurrent Setting of
34. HV OVLD I 0.1..20A 100 Definite
overload
overload
0.1..3600
35. T HV OVLD I 20 Timer setting for overload protection
s
NOTE:
IDMTL characteristic is:
 
 
 A 
t  M  P
 B
 I  
  1 
IS  
In which, 7 IDMTL curves can be set.
Table 26 Value of A,P and B for each curve
Curves No. IDMTL Curves Parameter A Parameter P Parameter B
1 IEC NI 0.14 0.02 0
2 IEC VI 13.5 1.0 0
3 IEC EI 80.0 2.0 0
4 IEC LTI 120.0 1.0 0
5 ANSI MI 0.0515 0.02 0.114
6 ANSI VI 19.61 2.0 0.491
7 ANSI EI 28.2 2.0 0.1217
Table 27 Protection setting list–MV Backup Set

Setting Default
options setting
0.1..100 Overcurrent (OC) setting
1. MV OC I1 100
A for 1st stage ( I1 )
2. T MV OC I1 0.1..20s 20 IDMTL
OC
0.1..100 Overcurrent (OC) setting overcurrent
3. MV OC I2 100 protection
A for 2nd stage ( I2 )
Timer setting for 2nd stage (with
4. T MV OC I2 0.1..20s 20 selective
OC
IDMTL MV OC direction) in
5. 0.025..2 1 Middle
TimeMult Ref to IEC and ANSI
IDMTL MV OC CRV Curves voltage side
6. 1.. 7 7
SEL
-65-
Setting Default
options setting
0.1..100
7. IDMTL MV OC I 5
A
Phase-to-earth
0.1..125
8. MV DIS PH-N X 10 distance(DIS PH-N)
Ω
setting X
Phase-to-earth
0.1..125
9. MV DIS PH-N R 1 distance(DIS PH-N) MV earth
Ω
setting R distance
MV DIS OFFSET protection
10. 0.0..1.00 1 Offset ratio to setting
RATIO (DIS PH-N)
zero sequence
11. MV K FACTOR 0.0..99.0 1
compensation coefficient
0.1..20.0
12. T MV DIS PH-N 5 Timer setting for DIS PH-N
s
0.1..125 1st stage Phase-to-phase
13. MV DIS1 PH-PH X1 10
Ω distance(DIS) setting X
MV DIS1 PH-PH 0.1..125 1st stage Phase-to-phase
14. 1
R1 Ω distance(DIS) setting
MV DIS1 OFFSET Offset ratio to setting of 1st
15. 0.0..1.00 1
RATIO stage DIS1
MV
0.1..20.0 Timer setting for 1st stage
16. T MV DIS1 PH-PH 5 inter-phase
s DIS1
distance
0.1..125 2nd stage Phase-to-phase
17. MV DIS2 PH-PH X2 10 protection
Ω distance(DIS2) setting X
(DIS PH-PH)
MV DIS2 PH-PH 0.1..125 2nd stage Phase-to-phase
18. 1
R2 Ω distance(DIS2) setting R
MV DIS2 OFFSET Offset ratio to setting of
19. 0.0..1.00 1
RATIO 2nd stage DIS2
0.1..20.0 Timer setting for 2nd stage
20. T MV DIS2 PH-PH 5
s DIS2
0.1..100 Neutral Current (NC)
21. MV NC I01 100
A setting for 1st stage ( I01 )
22. T MV NC I01 0.1..20s 20
NOC IDMTL
0.1..100 Neutral Current (NC) neutral
23. MV NC I02 100
A setting for 2nd stage ( I02 ) current
Timer setting for 2nd stage protection
24. T MV NC I02 0.1..20s 20
NOC (with
IDMTL MV NC selective
25. 0.025..2 1
TimeMult direction) in
IDMTL MV NC CRV Ref to IEC and ANSI Middle
26. 1.. 7 7
SEL Curves voltage side
0.1..100
27. IDMTL MV NC I0 5
A
Overcurrent Setting of
28. MV OVLD I 0.1..20A 100 Definite
overload
overload
0.1..360
29. T MV OVLD I 20 Timer setting for overload protection
0s
Table 28 Protection setting list–LV Backup Set
-66-
Setting Default
options setting
Overcurrent (OC) setting
1. LV OC I1 0.1..100A 100
for 1st stage ( I1 )
Timer setting for 1st stage
2. T LV OC I1 0.1..20s 20 Definite and
OC
Overcurrent (OC) setting IDMTL
3. LV OC I2 0.1..100A 100 overcurrent
for 2nd stage ( I2 )
protection
Timer setting for 2nd
4. T LV OC I2 0.1..20s 20 (with
stage OC
selective
IDMTL LV OC
5. 0.025..2 1 direction) in
TimeMult
IDMTL LV OC Ref to IEC and ANSI Middle
6. 1.. 7 7 Curves voltage side
CRV SEL
7. IDMTL LV OC I 0.1..100A 5
Neutral voltage setting for
8. LV 3U0 ALARM 2..100V 100
alarming stage Neutral
Timer setting for neutral displaceme
9. T LV 3U0 ALARM 0.1..20s 20
voltage nt
Neutral voltage setting for protection in
10. LV 3U0 TRIP 2..100V 100
tripping stage Low voltage
Timer setting for neutral side
11. T LV 3U0 TRIP 0.1..20s 20
voltage
Overcurrent Setting of Definite
12. LV OVLD I 0.1..20A 20
overload overload
13. T LV OVLD I 0.1..3600s 20 Timer setting for overload protection
Table 29 Protection setting list–Trip Matrix Set

Setting Default
No Setting Title comments
options setting
DIFF TRIP Tripping (TRIP)setting for differential
1. 0000..FFFFH 0000H
(DIFF) protection
Tripping setting for HV REF
2. HV REF TRIP 0000..FFFFH 0000H (High-voltage side Restricted Earth
Fault) protection
HV V/F TRIP Tripping setting for HV Over-flux
3. 0000..FFFFH 0000H
protection
MV V/F TRIP Tripping setting for HV Over-flux
4. 0000..FFFFH 0000H
protection
HV BU TRIP Tripping setting for HV Backup
5. 0000..FFFFH 0000H
protection
MV BU TRIP Tripping setting for MV Backup
6. 0000..FFFFH 0000H
protection
LV BU TRIP Tripping setting for LV Backup
7. 0000..FFFFH 0000H
protection
HV THERM O/L Tripping setting for HV Thermal
8. 0000..FFFFH 0000H
TRIP overload protection
Remark:
The former eight bits in the TRIP setting control-words in Table 29 are of meaning,
which is ―DO TRIP-1 ON/OFF‖ ~ ―DO TRIP-8 ON/OFF‖ respectively.
-67-
Table 30 Trip Matrix Set Describe by Bits

Bits Set to 0 Set to 1
B15～B12 NOT USED NOT USED
B11～B8 NOT USED NOT USED
B7 DO TRIP-8 OFF DO TRIP-8 ON
Table 31 Protection setting list–Test Menu

Setting Default
options setting
HV RATED HV rated current in primary
1
CUR PRI side
HV RATED HV rated current in secondary
2
CUR SEC side
RATIO Ratio compensation for HV Test for
3 FACTOR Differenti
side
KTAH al
Calculated by
RATIO software according to Ratio compensation for MV protection
4 FACTOR the common side
KTAM parameters user put
RATIO into the setting group.
5 FACTOR Ratio compensation for LV side
KTAL
RATIO REF HV REF Ratio compensation
6
KTAH for HV side Test for
RATIO REF REF
HV REF Ratio compensation protection
7 KNH
for HV NCT side
Remarks:
These settings are only used for test, they are calculated by software automatically
according to the common parameters. These settings cannot be modified by user.
5.1.3 Settings- Control word setting
Control word settings are shown in Table 32.

Table 32 Control word settings
Setting Default
No Setting Title Comment Menu
options setting
Instantaneous differential (IDIFF)
1. INST DIFF ON 1/0 0 protection ON
1-on; 0-off.
Diff Set
Percentage differential (PDIFF)
2. PER DIFF ON 1/0 0 protection ON
1-on; 0-off.
-68-
Setting Default
options setting
2nd harmonic (HAR) inhibit not the
2nd HAR NOT fuzzy recognition based on the
3. 1/0 0
WAVE waveform(WAVE)
1-2nd harmonic on; 0- waveform on
5th harmonic (HAR) inhibit on
4. 5th HAR ON 1/0 0
1-on; 0-off.
Differential current (DIFF) Alarming
5. DIFF ALARM ON 1/0 0 on
1-on; 0-off.
CT FAIL CT Failure Detection On/Off
6. 1/0 0
DETECT 1-On, 0-Off.
HV REF TRIP HV Restricted earth fault(REF) Trip
7. 1/0 0 ON
ON REF
1-on; 0-off.
Set
HV REF ALARM HV Restricted earth fault(REF)
8. 1/0 0 Alarm ON
ON
1-on; 0-off.
HV Definite Overexcitation (V/F)
HV DEF V/F
ALARM ON
1-on; 0-off.
HV Definite (DEF)Overexcitation
HV DEF V/F
10. 1/0 0 (V/F) on
TRIP ON
1-on; 0-off.
HV Inverse (IVR)Overexcitation
11. HV IVR V/F ON 1/0 0 (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
HV Overexcitation protection uses
HV V/F Voltage phase-to-phase voltage(VPP) or
12. 1/0 0
(1-VPP,0-VPN) phase-to-earth voltage(VPN) Overex
1-VPP; 0-VPN.
citation
MV Definite Overexcitation (V/F)
MV DEF V/F Set
ALARM ON
1-on; 0-off.
MV Definite (DEF)Overexcitation
MV DEF V/F
14. 1/0 0 (V/F) on
TRIP ON
1-on; 0-off.
MV Inverse (IVR)Overexcitation
15. MV IVR V/F ON 1/0 0 (V/F) on
1-on; 0-off.
MV Overexcitation protection uses
MV V/F Voltage phase-to-phase voltage(VPP) or
16. 1/0 0
(1-VPP,0-VPN) phase-to-earth voltage(VPN)
1-VPP; 0-VPN.
1st stage(_1) Overcurrent (OC) in
17. HV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
HV side on
HV OC_1 DIR
18. 1/0 0 Stage(_1) of Overcurrent(OC) in
ON HV
HV side
Backup
HV OC_1 DIR Set
TO SYS
2nd stage(_2) Overcurrent (OC) in
20. HV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
HV side on
-69-
Setting Default
options setting
HV OC_2 DIR
ON
HV side
HV OC_2 DIR
TO SYS
HV IDMTL OC IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in HV side
23. 1/0 0
ON on
HV IDMTL OC Direction (DIR) detection of IDMTL
24. 1/0 0
DIR ON Overcurrent(OC) in HV side
Direction (DIR) of IDMTL
HV IDMTL OC
DIR TO SYS
HV DIS PH-N Phase to earth distance(DIS PH-N)
26. 0/1 0
ON in HV side on.
Phase to earth Distance (DIS
HV DIS PH-N
27. 0/1 0 PH-N) direction(DIR) to
DIR TO SYS
HV DIS1 PH-PH 1st stage phase to phase distance
28. 0/1 0
HV DIS1 PH-PH
29. 0/1 0 (DIS1) direction(DIR) to
DIR TO SYS
HV DIS2 PH-PH 2nd stage phase to phase distance
30. 0/1 0
HV DIS2 PH-PH
DIR TO SYS
32. HV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
in HV side on
HV NC_1 DIR
33. 1/0 0 stage(_1) Neutral Current (NC) in
ON
high voltage (HV)side on
HV NC_1 DIR
TO SYS
2nd stage(_2) Neutral Current (NC)
35. HV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
in HV side on
HV NC_2 DIR
ON
high voltage (HV)side on
HV NC_2 DIR
37. 1/0 0 Neutral Current (NC)to system not
TO SYS
HV IDMTL NC IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in HV
38. 1/0 0
ON side on
HV IDMTL NC
DIR ON
voltage (HV)side on
HV IDMTL NC
DIR TO SYS
-70-
Setting Default
options setting
HV NEU IDMTL
41. 1/0 0 Neutral IDMTL OC in HV side on
OC ON
HV THERM
42. 1/0 0 Thermal overload in HV side on
OVLD ON
43. HV OVLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in HV side on
1st stage(_1) Overcurrent (OC)
44. MV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
with time delay T in MV side on
MV OC_1 DIR
ON
MV side
direction (DIR) of 1st stage (_1)
MV OC_1 DIR
TO SYS
2nd stage(_2) Overcurrent (OC)
47. MV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
with time delay T in MV side on
MV OC_2 DIR
ON
MV side
direction (DIR) of 2nd stage (_2)
MV OC_2 DIR
TO SYS
MV IDMTL OC IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in MV
50. 1/0 0
ON side on
MV IDMTL OC Direction (DIR) detection of IDMTL
51. 1/0 0
DIR ON Overcurrent(OC) in MV side
MV IDMTL OC
DIR TO SYS
MV DIS PH-N Phase to earth distance(DIS PH-N)
53. 0/1 0
ON in MV side on.
Phase to earth Distance (DIS
MV DIS PH-N
54. 0/1 0 PH-N) direction(DIR) to
DIR TO SYS
MV DIS1 PH-PH 1st stage phase to phase distance
55. 0/1 0
ON (DIS1) in MV side on MV
1st stage Phase to phase Distance Backup
MV DIS1 PH-PH
56. 0/1 0 (DIS1) direction(DIR) to Set
DIR TO SYS
MV DIS2 PH-PH 2nd stage phase to phase distance
57. 0/1 0
MV DIS2 PH-PH
DIR TO SYS
59. MV NC_1 ON 1/0 0
in MV side on
MV NC_1 DIR
ON
MV side on
MV NC_1 DIR
TO SYS
2nd stage(_2) Neutral Current (NC)
62. MV NC_2 ON 1/0 0
in MV side on
-71-
Setting Default
options setting
MV NC_2 DIR
ON
MV side on
MV NC_2 DIR
64. 1/0 0 Neutral Current (NC)to system not
TO SYS
MV IDMTL NC IDMTL Neutral Current (NC) in MV
65. 1/0 0
ON side on
MV IDMTL NC
DIR ON
voltage (MV)side on
MV IDMTL NC
DIR TO SYS
68. MV OVLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in MV side on
1st stage(_1) of Overcurrent (OC)
69. LV OC_1 ON 1/0 0
in LV side on
side
LV OC_1 DIR TO
SYS
2nd stage(_2) of Overcurrent (OC)
72. LV OC_2 ON 1/0 0
in LV side on
side
LV OC_2 DIR TO
SYS
LV IDMTL OC IDMTL Overcurrent (OC) in LV side LV
75. 1/0 0
ON on
Backup
LV IDMTL OC Direction (DIR) detection of IDMTL
76. 1/0 0 Set
DIR ON Overcurrent(OC) in LV side
LV IDMTL OC
DIR TO SYS
LV 3U0 ALARM Neutral displacement (3U0) alarm
78. 1/0 0
ON in LV side on
Neutral displacement (3U0) trip in
79. LV 3U0 TRIP ON 1/0 0
LV side on
VT Fail Block LV Neutral
VT Fail Block LV
80. 1/0 0 displacement (3U0)
3U0
1-Block 0-Not Block
81. LV OVLD ON 1/0 0 Overload (LOAD)in LV side on
DI1 ENABLE DI1 trip DO1 on 1-enable,
82. 1/0 0
DO1 0-disable
DI2 ENABLE DI2 trip DO2on 1-enable, Other
83. 1/0 0
DO2 0-disable Set
DI3 ENABLE DI3 trip DO3 on 1-enable,
84. 1/0 0
DO3 0-disable
-72-
5.2 Communication parameters

The communication parameters of CSC-103 series system are all the same. Each
meaning of them and their setup methods are shown in Tab.5-6.
Tab.5-6
No. Parameter Range Setup method Remark
01 Current 01～32 Use 《＋》and 《－》 Current number of
setting keys on faceplate to setting zone
zone modify current setting
number
02 Equipment 10～ABH Enter into menu system Address range ： 10 ～
address setup—communication ABH。
address— and 485
address
03 Baud rate 9600 Means that baud rate of 9600,192000 and
of series RS485 is 9600 (cannot 38400 can be set for
port be set below version V2.03 and above
2.03)
04 Line name Set actual line name by CSPC program or Character numbers of
ISN on faceplate line name cannot be
larger than 30
05 Type of 103 B2H Enter into menu system function code of
setup—103 function CSC-103 is B2H
type to set
IEC60870-5-103
function code
06 Time Network mode, Enter into menu system Optional network mode,
synchroniz minute pulse and setup—timing mode pulse mode based on
ation second pulse GPS ，IRIG-B
mode
07 Protocol Communication Enter into menu system CSC-2000 protocol can
type protocol V1.20 setup—protocol option be selected for LON net
Communication or Ethernet. This option
protocol V1.10 need not be disposed
when information of
IEC60870-5-103
protocol are output from
port 485.
08 SOE reset Manual reset, Enter into menu system Optional manual reset
automatic reset setup—SOE reset (receive reset command
to reset SOE) or
automatic reset (reset
SOE in 10s)
09 Address of ***.***.***.*** Enter into menu system Set according to local
Ethernet 1 (net section setup—communication condition, cannot be the
1.2.3.4) address—Ethernet 1 same as section 2 or 3
Ethernet 2
10 Address of ***.***.***.*** Enter into menu system Set according to local
Ethernet 2 (net section setup—communication condition, cannot be the
1.2.3.4) address—Ethernet 2 same as section 2 or 3
Ethernet 1. If it is
connected to CSN
protocol switched case
to extend RS-485,
address of Ethernet 2
must be set as:
-73-
No. Parameter Range Setup method Remark

10.10.6.124
-74-
6 Reports
6.1 Overview
The IED provides quick, complete and reliable information about disturbances in the
system, and about the operation and state of the IED. This information is important to
used for different purposes for operators and engineers in the short term (e.g.
corrective actions) and in the long term (e.g. Functional Analysis).
All information is divided into four types of reports:
 event report;
 Initiating report;
 Alarm report;
 Operation report;
6.2 Abbreviation list of analogue inputs
Abbreviation Analogue inputs

st
IHV1A HV side 1 group current for phase A
st
IHV1B HV side 1 group current for phase B
st
IHV1C HV side 1 group current for phase C
nd
IHV2A HV side 2 group current for phase A
nd
IHV2B HV side 2 group current for phase B
nd
IHV2C HV side 2 group current for phase C
UHVA HV side voltage for phase A
UHVB HV side voltage for phase B
UHVC HV side voltage for phase C
UHV0 HV open delta voltage
st
IMV1A MV side 1 group current for phase A
st
IMV1B MV side 1 group current for phase B
st
IMV1C MV side 1 group current for phase C
nd
IMV2A MV side 2 group current for phase A
nd
IMV2B MV side 2 group current for phase B
nd
IMV2C MV side 2 group current for phase C
UMVA MV side voltage for phase A
UMVB MV side voltage for phase B
UMVC MV side voltage for phase C
UMV0 MV open delta voltage
-75-
ILVA LV side current for phase A

ILVB LV side current for phase B
ILVC LV side current for phase C
ILVWA LV side current for phase A in delta winding
ILVWB LV side current for phase B in delta winding
ILVWC LV side current for phase C in delta winding
ULVA LV side voltage for phase A
ULVB LV side voltage for phase B
ULVC LV side voltage for phase C
IREFHV HV Neutral current for REF
UHVAB HV side voltage for phase A to phase B
UHVBC HV side voltage for phase B to phase C
UHVCA HV side voltage for phase C to phase A
UMVAB MV side voltage for phase A to phase B
UMVBC MV side voltage for phase B to phase C
UMVCA MV side voltage for phase C to phase A
DI1A Differential current of phase A, the first harmonic element (60Hz)
DI1B Differential current of phase B, the first harmonic element (60Hz)
DI1C Differential current of phase C, the first harmonic element (60Hz)
Differential current of phase A, the second harmonic element
DI2A
(120Hz)
Differential current of phase B, the second harmonic element
DI2B
(120Hz)
Differential current of phase C, the second harmonic element
DI2C
(120Hz)
DI5A Differential current of phase A, the fifth harmonic element
DI5B Differential current of phase B, the fifth harmonic element
DI5C Differential current of phase C, the fifth harmonic element
ID0HV HV, REF differential current,
V/FHV HV, ratio of volt/hertz
V/FMV MV, ratio of volt/hertz
P_HV HV, active power
Q_HV HV, reactive power
COSQH HV, power factor (PF)
P_MV MV, active power
Q_MV MV, reactive power
COSQM MV, power factor (PF)
P_LV LV, active power
-76-
Q_LV LV, reactive power

COSQL LV, power factor (PF)
F Frequency
6.3 Event and initiating reports

Event reports are shown in Table 33.
Table 33 List of event report
Abbr.
No. Comment
(LCD Display)
1. Relay Start Relay Startup(Start)
2. Relay Reset Relay Reset (Reset)
3. IDIFF Trip A
4. IDIFF Trip B Treble slope percent Differential protection (IDIFF) tripping (Trip)
for phase A/B/C
5. IDIFF Trip C
6. IDIFF Trip A
Instantaneous Differential protection (IDIFF)tripping (Trip) for
7. IDIFF Trip B
phase A/B/C
8. IDIFF Trip C
9. HV REF Trip HV Restricted Earth fault (REF) protection tripping(Trip)
10. HV DEF V/F Trip HV Overexcitation protection(V/F) tripping (Trip) with definite
11. HV IVR V/F Trip (DEF) and inverse(IVR) time characteristic
12. MV DEF V/F Trip MV Overexcitation protection(V/F) tripping (Trip) with definite
13. MV IVR V/F Trip (DEF) and inverse(IVR) time characteristic
14. HV IDMTL OC Trip HV IDMTL Overcurrent(OC) tripping(Trip)

15. HV OC_1 Trip Overcurrent protection (OC) stage 1 (_1) or stage 2 (_2) tripping
16. HV OC_2 Trip (Trip) in High Voltage (HV) side with time delay T
17. HV DIS(Ph-N)Trip Phase to Earth Distance (DIS Ph-N) tripping in HV side
18. HV DIS_1 Trip Phase to phase Distance (DIS) protection Stage 1(_1) or Stage 2
19. HV DIS_2 Trip (_2) tripping in HV side with time delay T
20. HV IDMTL NC Trip HV IDMTL Neutral current (NC) tripping(Trip)

21. HV NC_1 Trip Neutral Current protection (NC) Stage 1 (_1) or Stage 2 (_2)
22. HV NC_2 Trip tripping (Trip) in High Voltage (HV) side with time delay T.
23. HV THERM Trip HV Thermal (TEM) Overload(OVLD) tripping (Trip)

24. MV IDMTL OC MV IDMTL Overcurrent(OC) tripping(TRIP)
TRIP
25. MV OC_1 Trip Overcurrent protection (OC) stage 1 (_1) or stage 2 (_2) tripping
26. MV OC_2 Trip (Trip) in Middle Voltage (MV) side with time delay T
27. MV DIS(Ph-N)Trip Phase to Earth Distance(Ph-N) protection tripping in MV side

28. MV DIS_1 Trip Phase to phase Distance (DIS) protection Stage 1(_1) or Stage
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29. MV DIS_2 Trip 2(_2) tripping in MV side with time delay T

30. MV NC_1 Trip Neutral Current protection (NC) Stage 1 (_1) or Stage 2 (_2)
31. MV NC_2 Trip tripping (Trip) in Middle Voltage (HV) side with time delay T.
32. LV IDMTL OC Trip LV IDMTL Overcurrent(OC) tripping(Trip)

33. LV OC_1 Trip Overcurrent protection (OC) stage 1 (_1) or stage 2 (_2) tripping
34. LV OC_2 Trip (Trip) in Low Voltage (LV) side with time delay T
35. LV 3U0 Trip Zero sequence voltage (3U0) protection tripping (Trip) in LV side
36. HV Neu IDMTL HV Neutral current IDMTL
6.4 Alarm report

The following is the illustration for device alarm message.
 Alarm I is severe alarm. When alarm I happens, the alarm lamp on the front
panel of the device will flash, all of protection function will be switched out of
service and the trip power of protection will be blocked by the device.
 Alarm II is other alarm. When alarm II happens, the alarm lamp on the front
panel of the device will light continuously, and the device will alarm the
corresponding abnormal status (for example, the circuit-breaker failure
startup digital input is abnormal), and will not block the trip power of
protection.
The alarm messages and alarm types are as Table 34.

Table 34 List of alarm report
No. Abbr. Comment Alarm I/II
(LCD Display)
Sampling Err Sampling data of analog input (AI) are Alarm I
1.
error.
2. EquipPara Err Equipment parameter is error. Alarm I
CRC verification to sum of ROM of Alarm I
3. ROM Verify Err
CPU is error.
4. Setting Err Setting value is error Alarm I
5. Set Group Err Pointer of setting group is error Alarm I
6. DO No Response Digital output (DO) has no response. Alarm I
7. DO Breakdown Digital output (DO) is of breakdown. Alarm I
8. DI Breakdown Digital input (DI) is of breakdown. Alarm II
9. DI Err Digital input (DI) is error. Alarm II

10. SysConfig Err System configuration is error. Alarm I
11. CAN Comm Fail CAN communication failure --
12. CAN Comm Recover CAN communication Recovery --
13. DI Module Err Digital input (DI) module is error. --
14. DO Module Err Digital output (DO) module is error. --
15. DI Config Err Digital input configuration is error. Alarm II
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16. DO Config Err Digital output configuration is error. Alarm I

17. DI Comm Fail Communication failure in digital input Alarm II
(DI)
DO Comm Fail Communication failure in digital output Alarm II
18.
(DO)
Test DO Un-reset Digital output (DO)-test has not been Alarm II
19.
reset.
ConntMdUnconfirm Connector mode has not been Alarm II
20.
confirmed.
21. DI Breakdown Digital input (DI) is of breakdown. Alarm II
22. DI Input Err The input of digital input (DI) is error. Alarm II
2-position input discordance, i.e. status Alarm II
23. NO/NC Discord
of NC and NO discord.
Self-checking circuit of digital input (DI) Alarm II
24. DI Check Err
is error.
25. DI EEPROM Err EEPROM of digital input (DI) is error. Alarm II
EEPROM of digital output (DO) is Alarm I
26. DO EEPROM Err
error.
27. SRAM Check Err SRAM self-checking is error. Alarm II
JP1 in CPU module is not inserted in
28. CPU JP1 Alarm Alarm II
correct position or missing.
29. CT Fail CT failure --
30. DIFF Alarm Imbalance differential current alarm --

HV REF Alarm HV Imbalance zero differential current --
31.
alarm
32. HV DEF V/F Alarm HV Overexcitation alarm --
33. MV DEF V/F Alarm MV Overexcitation alarm --
34. HV VT Fail HV VT failure --
35. HV Load Alarm HV overload alarm --
36. HV BLK VOL REGU HV Blocking Voltage Regulation --
37. MV VT Fail MV VT failure --
38. MV Load Alarm MV overload alarm --
39. LV VT Fail LV VT failure --
40. L Neu Disp Alarm LV neutral displacement alarm --
41. LV Load Alarm LV overload alarm --
42. LW Load Alarm overload in LV delta winding alarm --
43. HV THERM Alarm HV Thermal overload Alarm
6.5 Operation reports

Operation reports are shown in Table 35.
Table 35 List of operating report
No. Description of event comment
1 SwSetGroup OK Successful to switch setting group.
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2 Write Set OK Successful to write setting values.

3 WriteEquipParaOK Successful to write equipment parameter.
4 WriteConfig OK Successful to write configuration.
5 AdjScale OK Successful to adjust scale of analog input (AI).
6 SelfDesc Change Self-description of equipment has changed.
7 Func linker OK Successful to switch on/off function linker.
8 ClrConfig OK Successful to clear configuration.
9 ChgConntMode Change connector mode
10 InTestMode Enter test mode.
11 OutTestMode Exit test mode.
12 Test DO OK Successful to digital output (DO) drive-test.
13 DI Change Status of digital input (DI) has changed.
14 AdjDrift OK Successful to adjust zero drift of analog input (AI).
15 ClearEventRpt OK Successful to Clear all Event reports in CPU
16 ClearAlarmRpt OK Successful to Clear all Alarm reports in CPU
17 Clear Log OK Successful to Clear all Log reports in CPU
18 Clear Record OK Successful to Clear all Records in CPU
19 Clear All Rpt OK Successful to Clear all Reports in CPU
20 CPU Reset CPU Reset
6.6 Output of event report

6.6.1 Event reports output
The event reports can be searched and read conveniently on the HMI
or by CSPC software tool, and can be printed automatically if the IED is
connected with a printer, and can be transmit to the substation
automation system automatically through dedicated network.
6.6.2 Typical action event report
The typical action report is shown in below format：

1st row:
 Number of IED;
2nd row:
 Type of IED
 Version of Software
 The type of reports;
3rd row:
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 Bay name
 Network address of IED
 Date and time when report is output.
4th row:
 Absolute data and time, in format: YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.SSS;
5th to the end:

protection action events sequence with relative time tag in ms; The events consist
of：
 Actions of protection function with time tag;
 Fault values for currents, voltages, resistances, reactance or etc.
 Other information related with particular protection function
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7 Disturbance record report

7.1 Overview
The Disturbance Recorder function supplies fast, complete and reliable information
about disturbances in the power system. It facilitates understanding system behavior
and related primary and secondary equipment during and after a disturbance. The
function is not dependent on the operation of protection functions. It can record
disturbances not detected by protection functions.
The Disturbance Recorder function acquires sampled data from all selected analogue
input and binary signals connected and can record the data of whole period of the
fault, from 100ms before fault takes place to 300 ms after the state of the last binary
input changes. The sample rate is 24 times per cycle, equal to 0.694ms between two
samples. At least 10 whole period fault records can be saved in the IED.
7.2 Disturbance record report output

Human Machine Interface (HMI) is used to view the list of recordings and print the
selected record report if the IED is connected with a printer.
The disturbance recording information can be uploaded in Comrade format to
substation automation system or CSPC software tool and further analyzed using the
professional analysis software tool.
Note: If the ―test mode ―control linker is on, the new disturbance record report will not
be saved or uploaded.
7.3 Description of typical disturbance record report

7.3.1 Graphic mode
The disturbance record report is divided into two parts:

First part:
Protection action events sequence, which is same as the action event
report presented in previous chapter, Event Report of IED
Second part:
The part shows the waveform of analogue inputs and time sequence
diagrams of binary inputs and outputs. Its format is shown below:
Text Section:
1st row:
 Number of IED;
2nd row:
 Absolute data and time, in format: YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.SSS;
3rd row & following rows:
 The designations of the numbers on the X-ordinate, which represent the

analogue inputs and binary inputs and outputs;
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Last row:
 scale of waveform，the unit scale length represent the value of secondary

currents and voltage.
Diagram Section:
X-ordinate:
 The No. of analogue inputs and binary inputs and outputs;
Y-ordinate:
 Relative time tag, ms
Waveforms and Time sequence diagrams:

They are waveforms of analogue inputs and time sequence lines of binary inputs
and outputs, illustrated from left to right. The line represented the binary input or
output, will become thick when the input or output is present.
7.3.2 Data mode
The complete disturbance record report is divided into two parts:

First part:
Protection action events sequence, which is same as the action event
report presented in previous chapter, Event Report of IED
Second part:
The sampling value of analogue input and bit data of binary inputs or
outputs. Its format is shown below:
Text Section:
1st row:
 Number of IED;
2nd row:
 Absolute data and time of recording, in format: YYYY-MM-DD

HH:MM:SS.SSS;
 Sampling rate;
 Sampling times
 Type number of IED;
3rd row & following rows:
 The designations of the numbers on the X-ordinate, which represent the

analogue inputs;
 The designations of bit in the word, which represent the state of binary inputs
and outputs;
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Data Section:
X-ordinate:
 The number of the analogue inputs on the X-ordinate;
Y-ordinate:
 The number of Sampling;
Data:
They are real-time sample values of analogue inputs and word of state of binary
inputs and outputs. The bit will be ―1‖ when the represented binary input or output is
present.
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8 Operation
NOTE
During the equipment tests and start-up, the general safety
regulations applicable to electrical systems must be complied
with. Failure to comply with these regulations might cause harm
to the working staff and damage to property. All the inspections
and tests must only be carried out by specially trained personnel.
 Do anything in accordance with the general safety regulations to the

protection IED.
 Check all the grounded connections of IED are reliably the related codes and
standards.
 Forbid strictly to insert or draw out modules during the IED energized.
 Forbid to press optionally the keypad on the front panel of IED during normal
operation.
 Forbid to perform the following menu operations during IED normal

operation:
 Burst into drive.

 Modify and write settings.
 enable/disenable the CPU modules.
 Change active setting group.
 Change network address of IED
8.1 Human-Machine Interface ( HMI )

8.1.1 Overview
The human-machine interface is simple and easy to understand – the whole front
plate is divided into zones, each of them with a well-defined functionality:
 Status and alarm indication LEDs, which consist of 8 LEDs
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 Liquid crystal display (LCD), which can display 8 lines with up to 36

characters per line
 Shortcut keys and functional keys
 Keypad with push buttons for navigation purpose;
 An isolated RS232 9-pin communication port, which is dedicated to

communication with engineer software, CSPC.
8.1.2 Keypad
The keypad is used to monitor and operate the IED. The keypad has the same look
and feel in all IEDs in the CSC series. LCD screens and other details may differ but
the way the keys function is identical. The keys used to operate the IED are described
below in table 8-1.
Table 8-1: Keypad keys on the front of the IED

Key function
SET SET key:
Enters main menu or sub-menu, and confirms the setting changes
QUIT QUIT key:

 Navigates backward the upper menu.
 Cancels current operation and navigates backward the upper menu.
 Returns normal rolling display mode
 Locks and unlocks current display in the normal scrolling display mode;
(the locked display mode is indicated by a key type icon on the upright
corner of LCD.)
Right arrow key:
 Moves right in menu.
Left arrow key:
 Moves left in menu.
Up arrow key:
 Moves up in menu
 Page up between screens
 Increases value of setting.
Down arrow key
 Moves down in menu
 Page down between screens
 Decreases the value of setting.
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RESET key:
 Reset LEDs
 Return to normal scrolling display mode directly
RESET
8.1.3 Shortcut keys and functional keys
The shortcut keys and functional keys are below the LCD on the front panel. These
keys are designated to execute the frequent menu operations for user‘s convenience.
The keys used to operate the IED are described below in table 8-2
Table 8-2: Shortcut keys and functional keys on the front of the IED
Key function
Report Report key:
Print the latest operation report
Set Setting key:
Print setting of current setting group
Sample Sample key:
Print current sampled data
Version Version key:
Print protection version information and current operating status
+ Plus key:
Switch next setting group forward as active setting group， meaning the number
of setting group plus one.

_ Minus key
Switch next setting group backward as active setting group , meaning the
number of setting group subtracted one.
8.1.4 LED
There are 8 LEDs on the left side of the LCD. The information that the LEDs indicate
is pre-defined and described in table 8-3
Table 8-3 LED of CSC-103
LED Color Status Information
Steady In normal service

Run Green
Flash In initiating state
Trip A Red Steady Phase A trip command issued
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Trip B Red Steady Phase B trip command issued
Trip C Red Steady Phase C trip command issued
Not used
Not used
Remote communication channel is interrupted or

Chan Err Red Steady
not ready.
Abnormal situation detected, only the

Steady
corresponding protections are out of service,
Alarm Red
Internal serious fault, the IED is out of service.
Flash
All trip outputs are blocked
8.1.5 LCD
The LCD on the HMI can display 8 lines with up to 28 characters per line, with blue
background.
The back light will turn on automatically, when one key is pressed or an alarm is
reported, until a set time delay after the last operation or alarm.
8.2 Menu
8.2.1 Introduction
The main menu includes submenus such as Measurements, Events,

Disturbance Report, Settings, Diagnostics, Test and Reset. These branch out
into a typical tree structure.
There are three modes for different operation:
 Normal scrolling display mode
 Operating mode
 Configuring mode
8.3.1.1 Normal display mode
During the normal service without any operation, the LCD scrolling display the
information listed below:
 Date ( year-month-day ) and time ( hour: minute: second )
 Magnitude and angle of Ua, Ub, Uc Ia, Ib, Ic, 3I0;
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 Magnitude of P, Q;
 Linkers enabled,
 Active setting group No.
 Remote communication channel state and number of losing frames;
 Capacitive current value;
8.3.1.2 Operating mode
In the operating mode, user can navigate the main menu.
To Press SET to enter into main menu during Normal display mode. The default
operation password is 8888.
8.3.1.3 Configuring mode
This mode is only for manufacturer to complete final configuration of IED before
delivery.
8.2.2 Main menu
Menu Sub-menu Sub-submenu Description

Status AI Read the measuring secondary analogue
value of selected CPU modules
Version Read IED type and version of CPU software
DI Read current state of all binary inputs，―on‖ or
―off‖,meaning that input is present or not.
Impedance Read the value of measuring impedance in
complex formation, including: Za ; Zb; Zc ;
Zab; Zbc; Zca;
Status Read the supervision value of hardware,
including:
 Current temperature of IED;
 Input voltage level 1 of binary input;
 Input voltage level 2 of binary input;
 Energizing voltage of output relays;
Equipcode Read the version, released time, and CRC
code of the software of all modules.
Measure Read the measuring value of all analog input
and calculating inputs
Channel Chan A Inf Read the information of remote
communication channel, including:
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 local end current vectors

 remote end current vectors
 channel delay
 number of bit error
 loss of frame in the last 6 days
Chan B Inf Same as above
Reports Events Latest Rpt Read the latest event report
Last 6 Rpts Read the last six event reports
Search by Date Search event report by date and time
Alarm Last 6 Rpt s Read the last six event reports
Search by Date Search Alarm report by date and time
Initiating Latest Rpt Read the latest initiating event report
Last 6 Rpts Read the last six initiating event reports
Search by Date Search initiating report by date and time
Log Last 6 Rpts Read the last six operation record.
Search by Date Search log by date and time
Print ProtSet Print the protection setting list of selected
setting group
EquipPara Print the IED parameters list
Status AI Print the value of all analog inputs
Version Print the version of software of CPU modules
DI Print the state of all binary inputs,
Prtmeasure Print the measuring value of protection
Status Print the selected information, value of analog
input, version of software, state of binary
inputs, system state, system code, state of
linkers
EquipCode Print the version and CRC code of software of
all modules
Linker State Print the state of all function linkers
CommuPara Print remote communication parameters list
Report Events Print selected event report
Alarm Print selected alarm report
Initiating Print selected initiating report
Log Print selected log
Setup Print the setup information
PrtSample Print the current sampling data of selected
CPU module.
Print Setlist Print all setting parameters list
Set time Set the current date and time, in form of
Year-month-day hour :minute: sec
Contrast Modify contrast of LCD with UP arrow key and
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down arrow key

Settings Set Setting General Para Set the common setting parameters
EquipPara Set the parameter of CT and PT
ProtSet Set the protection function parameter
ProtContWd Set the protection control words
Read setting Read the setting list of chosen setting group.
Setup SOEReset Set the reset mode of SOE, Manual or
Automatic.
ModifyPW Modify the IED password
103Type Set the dedicated code of the IED for
IEC60870-5-103 protocol.
TimeMode Select the time synchronization mode:
 NetworkTimeMode
 PulseTime Mode
 IRIG-B TimeMode
CommAddr Set the communication address of RS485
port, Ethernet 1 port and Ethernet 2 port
Protocol Set the type of CSC2000 protocol.
SetPrint RecPrt Setup Select the AIs and BOs printed in the fault
recording report.
Print Mode Set the options below:
 AutoPrit RecValue, Yes/Not
 PrintConWd, Yes/Not
 RecPrintMode, Grapic/Data
AI DisplaySet Choose the type of analogue value for
displaying the primary value or secondary
value in the normal displaying mode and
measure menus.
BaudR485 Set the baud rate of RS485 communication
port:
 9600
 19200
 38400
BayName Write the bay name of the IED protected.
Test DO Testing contacts of signal and trip output
relays
Testing SimuReSig Simu Alarm Initiating selected alarm reports for substation
automation system testing
Simu Trip Initiating selected tripping reports for
substation automation system testing
Simu Linker Initiating selected linkers operation reports for
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Simu DI Initiating selected DI operation reports for

TransRecData Initiating transmitting the latest fault record file
to substation automation system for testing
Simu MST Initiating selected alarm reports of
Alarm COMMUNICATION module for substation
automation system testing
SwSetGr Change the active setting group.
ViewDrift Read the drift value of the analogue sampling
channel of selected CPU module.
AdjDrift Adjust the drift value to zero of selected CPU
module
ViewScale Read the bias of the analogue sampling value
of selected CPU module.
AdjScale Adjust the bias to zero of the analogue
sampling value of selected CPU module.
PrtSample Print the analogue sampling value
Linkers Logic Linker Switch on/off the selected logical linker
Linker state View the state of the linkers
Notes：
 In the IED test mode ( when the RELAY TEST binary input is present )，
operating reports are neither transported nor saved, just are printed or
displayed on PC. If disturbance record report need to be printed, but without
PC, only disturbance record data reports can be printed.
 It is convenient to check the accuracy of measuring analogue values by

comparing the actual analogue values injected by tester with the
corresponding values displayed in the menu，Status/measure/. Especially, in
the IED test mode, the displayed values are refreshed so quickly that they are
accurate to keep up with the change of the actual analogue value injected.
 Input bay name on HMI, see appendix.
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9 Installation and commissioning

9.1 Unpacking and checking
Procedure
9.1.1 Remove the transport casing.
9.1.2 Visually inspect the IED.
9.1.3 Check that all items are included in accordance with the delivery documents. Once
the IED has been started make sure that the software functions ordered have been
included in the delivery.
9.1.4 Check for transport damages.
If transport damage is discovered appropriate action must be taken against the latest
carrier and the nearest Sifang office or representative should be informed. Sifang or
his partner should be notified immediately if there are any discrepancies in relation to
the delivery documents.
9.1.5 If the IED is repacked for transport again, the storage packing of the IED must provide
the proper degree of protection against various possible damages, in accordance
with IEC 60255-21-1 class 2 and IEC 60255-21-2 class 1.
9.2 Installation
9.2.1 Insert the IED into the opening (cut-out) in the panel. The bottom of the IED should be
supported on the frame of the panel.
9.2.2 Fix the IED by tightening all four screws against the panel. The IED ought to be fixed
on panel (tank), and every connection screws of the IED must be firmed.
Connect the earthing screw on the rear of the IED unit to the closest possible earthing
point in the cubicle. Electrical codes and standards require that protective earth
cables are green/yellow conductors with a cross section area of at least 2.5 mm2.
The cubicle must be properly connected to the station earthing system. Use a
conductor with a core cross section area of at least 4 mm2.
9.2.3 Connecting the power supply module

The wiring from the cubicle terminal block to the IED terminals must be made in
accordance with the established guidelines for this type of IED. The wires from binary
inputs and outputs and the auxiliary supply must be routed separated from the current
transformer cables between the terminal blocks of the cubicle and the IEDs
connections. The connections are made on connector X10. Connection diagram is
shown on the rear plate of the IED.
9.2.4 Connecting to CT and VT circuits

CTs and VTs are connected to the connector of the Transformer input module on the
rear side of the IED. Connection diagram is shown on the rear plate of the IED.
Use a solid conductor with a cross section area between 2.5-6 mm2 (AWG14-10) or a
stranded conductor with a cross section area between 2.5-4 mm2 (AWG14-12). The
screws used to fasten the conductors should be tightened.
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9.2.5 Connecting the binary input and output signals

Auxiliary power and signals are connected using female connectors. Signal wires are
connected to a female connector, which is then plugged into the corresponding male
connector, located at the rear of the IED. Connection diagrams are shown on the rear
plate of the IED.
9.3 Checking before energizing

9.3.1 Checking the protective earthing conductors
Check the protective earthing conductors of IED are connected reliably in accordance
with the related standards and Codes.
9.3.2 Checking the VT circuits
Check that the wiring is in strict accordance with the supplied connection diagram.
Do not continue before any errors are corrected.
9.3.3 Check of CT circuits
The CTs must be connected in accordance with the circuit diagram provided with the
IED, both with regards to phases and polarity.
9.3.4 Checking the power supply
Check that the auxiliary supply voltage remains within the permissible input voltage
range under all operating conditions. Check that the polarity is correct.
9.3.5 Checking the binary I/O circuits
9.3.5.1 Binary input circuits
Preferably, disconnect the binary input connector from the binary input cards. Check
all connected signals so that both input level and polarity are in accordance with the
IEDs specifications.
9.3.5.2 Binary output circuits
Preferably, disconnect the binary output connector from the binary output cards.
Check all connected signals so that both load and polarity are in accordance with IED
specifications.
9.3.6 Checking the optical connections
Check that the Tx and Rx optical connections are correct.
9.3.7 Checking the labels of IED
 Check the following labels on the IED are correct:
 LED labels on the front plate
 Terminal labels on the rear plate
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 Terminals diagrams on the rear plate.
 Manufacturer tag on the side plate.
9.3.8 Checking the modules
9.3.8.1 Each module should be in the correct slot and be locked reliably to ensure the
connection between the male connector of the module and the female
connector welded on the main back board.
9.3.8.2 The IED is provided with current terminals with automatically operating
contacts for short-circuiting the CT secondary circuits when the transformer
input module is withdrawn from its connector. The short-circuiting contact
should be opened when the transformer input module is inserted into the
connector.
9.3.8.3 The jumpers and short-circuiting wires of each module is set correctly.
9.3.9 Insulation resistance test
Use a rotating meter inducing 500V to test insulation resistance in turn

between analog circuits and ground, and the circuits to each other. Every
resistance must not be less than 100 MΩ. And the lasting time for resistance
test is not less than 5s to ensure that the value of insulation resistance is read
in a steady state.
9.4 Checking after energizing

9.4.1 Power supply check
9.4.1.1 Energize DC power supply, the relay for loss of power alarm ought to be excited
reliably, and its contacts as X-c16 and X-a16 must be opened reliably.
9.4.1.2 Check the self startup performance of power：When the value of DC power supply is
modified gradually from 0 to 80% rating, contacts of the relay for loss of power alarm
must change from closed state to opened state supervised by versatile meter. Then,
when DC power supply is from off to on, the versatile meter operates as the same
results.
9.4.1.3 Testing of voltage output value and its stability：Every class output voltage must be
maintained stably as shown in Tab.9-4 when the input voltage of DC power supply is
UN.
Tab. 9-4
Test Point X-c14-c12 X-c4-c2 X-a4-a2 X-c26-c24 X10-c2-c8
Rating voltage of DC 5V ＋12V －12V 24V R24V
outputs
Permissive error 0％～+3％－20％～0％ -20％～0％ 0％～+5％ 0％～+8％
range 5.0～5.15 9.6～12.0 -12.0～-9.6 24.0～25.2 24.0～25.92
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9.4.1.4 Testing of DC power on and off rapidly: Power on and off rapidly for three times, no
abnormal case occurs for the IED.
9.4.2 IED setting
9.4.2.1 Before IED energized, insert all modules into the corresponding slot of the IED
according to the configuration figure in the guide book, and connect the flat cable
between faceplate and communication board.
9.4.2.2 Switch on DC power supply; enter into debugging menu, Then enter into the menu of
―CPU setup‖, enable all CPU1 and CPU2，press the key of SET to save. And energize
the IED once again.
9.4.2.3 Set parameters of IED

The setting steps are described as following to initialize CPU.
9.4.2.3.1 Enter Main Menu-Set Time，use square keyboard to set clock to current time. Then
return to the normal display of LCD, observe whether the running clock is normal or
not. Cut off DC power supply for 5 min, then switch on, check the time and date
displayed in LCD to conform that the clock is running and nicety during power turnoff.
9.4.2.3.2 Enter into Main Menu/Testing－SwSetGr，switch to a setting group as active setting

group.
9.4.2.3.3 Enter into Main Menu/Settings/Set Setting，modify and write protection setting of
selected setting group.
9.4.2.3.4 Enter into Main Menu/Setup/CommAddr
Set the address of RS-485 port whose range is 10H～ABH（the address of our IED
must not be repeated）.
Examine that ―the address of Ethernet 1‖ and ―that of Ethernet 2‖are not set to be 0.
9.4.2.3.5 Enter into Main Menu/Setup/BayName，input the actual name and serial number of
line by means of ISN(internal statement number)(as shown at appendix) on faceplate
（or directly input by CSPC program）.
9.4.2.3.6 Enter into Main Menu/Setup/Timemode to select the time synchronization mode.
If timing mode of minute pulse or second pulse is selected, symbol ―*‖ is displayed at
top right corner of LCD after GPS timing succeeds.
9.4.2.3.7 Enter into Main Menu/Setup/SetPrint/PecPrt（setup already when leaving factory,

，
just check and confirm it）
Enter into Main Menu/Setup/SetPrint/Print Mode ， press SET to display the

following：
Print mode setup

Print record automatically √
Print control word √
Print format of record data wave
-96-
If ―Print record automatically‖ is set to ―√‖, record wave will be printed after fault. If it is
set to ―×‖, only fault reports will be printed while record wave will not, and record wave
need to be fetched. If Print control word is set to ―√‖, contents of control word can be
printed, if ―×‖, contents of control word cannot be printed. Print format of record data
can be set to format of ―wave‖ or ―data‖ with 《UP》 and 《DOWN》 keys.
The recommended setup is ―Print record automatically‖, ―Print control word‖ and
―Print format of record data‖ set to wave. If the protection operating results have some
questions, suggest that set ―Print format of record data‖ to ―data‖ at first, then, print a
record wave again（or use shortcut key F1 to directly print the latest one of record
data）, after that, equipment testing can be followed. This can avoid losing data, and
causing disadvantage for furthermore analysis.
9.5 Check version of software

Enter into Main Menu－Status－Version，write down the IED type, version of each
software and code of CRC, check the version consistent with the valid version.
9.6 Check print function

 Enter into this menu, Main Menu－Print－ProtSet, select setting zone to print
setting. The printer ought to print correctly.
 Enter into this menu, Main Menu－Print－Report, select report or operation

record to print, the printer ought to print correctly.
 Enter into this menu, Main Menu－Print－EquipPara, select such as system

parameters and sampled data print etc respectively to print.
 Testing print function of shortcut key: Use shortcut key on the front plate to
print, the printer ought to print normally.
9.7 Check binary input (BI)

Enter into Main Menu－status－DI, check the current state of each binary input.
Connect +24V with the following terminals shown in Tab.9-6 as bellow, the
corresponding inputs displayed on the faceplate are valid. If certain input is error,
check the corresponding optical isolator, resistance etc are false welded, welded in
reverse, or damaged.
9.8 Test
Enter into Main Menu－Test Do to perform output test. When output test is made, the
contacts of the corresponding relay ought to operate with lighting signal while other
contacts do not operate. Press button RESET on the faceplate to reset the energized
output. Test results should be consistent with the following table.
9.9 Analog channel check

This test needs to be performed for CPU1 and CPU2 respectively. If one CPU is
disenabled, ―The selected CPU disenabled or inexistence‖ will be displayed during
menu operation.
Before the IED leaves factory, zero drift and calibration have been regulated, only
examination needs in locale. To examine calibration, enter into measuring quantities
-97-
or analog quantities menu at first, and then enter into analog quantities menu to do it.
If they don‘t meet requirements, regulate them according to the following methods.
Notice to increase the setting value of startup elements.
9.9.1 Zero drift check
To regulate zero drift, disconnect the IED with testing instrument or standard source
to ensure not any input in AC terminal of the IED. Enter into Main
Menu—Testing—AdjDrift, select all, and confirm it, then zero drift regulation can be
performed. If regulation succeeds, report ―zero drift regulation success‖. After this,
select Main Menu—Testing—ViewDrift,, current channel must be less than 0.1A
(rated value of TA 5A) or 0.02A (rated value of TA 1A), voltage channel must be less
than 0.1V.
9.9.2 Calibration regulation
Connect input terminals of voltage UA, UB, UC, employ testing instrument with grade
0.5 and the above whose outputs UA and UN are connected to protection terminals
X1-a11 and b11. Shorting b1-a2,b2-a3,b3-a4 of X1 respectively. Current outputs of
testing instrument are connected to protection terminals X1-a1 and b4. Enter into
Main Menu—Testing—AdjScale, press keys 《up down lst right》 and 《SET》 to
select all, set the regulation value to In and 50V, output AC quantities from testing
instrument to the protection system, then confirm these to execute. If fail to operate,
LCD displays analog channel error and the number of error channel. Check whether
connection, standard value and version are right or not.
9.9.3 Precision and linearity testing for analog quantities
After finishing calibration and zero drift regulation, measure linear error using testing
instrument with grade 0.5 and the above, and write down testing result. Requirements:
For secondary rated current 5A of TA, input currents 25A, 10A (the lasting time of the
above two is not allowed to exceed 10s), 2A, 1A and 0.4A respectively. For
secondary rated current 1A of TA, input currents 5A, 2A, 0.5A, 0.2A and 0.08A.
Supply voltage 60V, 30V, 5V, 1V and 0.4V respectively. Observe LCD display or
enter into Main Menu—Testing—ViewScale, ask that the difference between LCD
display value and external meter is less than 0.1V for 0.4V and 1V of voltage channel,
the others are less than 2.5, and current channel error is less than 0.02In for 0.08In
and 0.2In, the others are less than 2.5％.
9.9.4 Check analog quantities polarity
Short b1～b4 of AC module X1, IA, IB, IC and IN outputs of testing instrument are
connected to terminals X1-a1, X1-a2, X1-a3 and X1-a4 of the IED, input rated current
and three-phase symmetry voltage 50 via a11, a10, b10 and b11 of X1 respectively,
each phase voltage leads each phase current phase angle 60°respectively, check
LCD loop display or enter into Main Menu—Status—measure to view, phase
difference of A-, B-, and C-phase voltage must be 120°, and phase difference of A-,
B-, and C-phase current must be 120°. One phase current must lag the
corresponding phase voltage 60°(angle error ≤ 3°). Otherwise, check the IED of AC
module connection.
Input three-phase symmetry voltage 50V, and rated current only to phase A which
lags phase A voltage 60°, observe the display of amplitude and angle of 3I0 which
must be the same as IA, otherwise, check the IED of AC module connection.
-98-
9.10 Checking before operation

9.10.1 After turning on DC power supply, the LED <Run> is lit steadily in green, rest of the
LEDs should be extinguished.
9.10.2 In normal operation condition, the information, ―year-month-day, hour : minute :

second, magnitude and angle of analog quantities, channel state, current setting
group: 01, should be scrolling displayed on the LCD.
9.10.3 After setting the date and time of IED, turn on and off the DC power supply of five
times in short time, and then check the tolerance of the date and time is limited in
permissive scope.
9.10.4 Make sure the active setting group is correct.
9.10.5 Check, record and print (if a printer is connected) the protection settings item by item
of each group which are possibly employed in the actual operating modes.
9.10.6 Check and record the state of all binary inputs. Particularly ensure that the IED is not
in test mode, meaning there is not a hand type icon displayed at the upright corner of
the LCD, and the binary input, relay test, is not present.
9.10.7 Inject system currents (load current must be larger than 0.08In) and voltages into the
IED, and then check whether the magnitude, phase angle, polarity and phase
sequence of each measuring analog value are correct or not.
9.10.8 Print information and operating condition with the ‖version‖ shortcut key if the IED
have been connected with a printer.
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10 Maintenance
WARNING
Never disconnect the secondary connection of a current
transformer circuit without short-circuiting the transformer’s
secondary winding. Operating a current transformer with the
secondary winding open will cause a massive potential build up
that may damage the transformer and may cause injuries to
humans.
CAUTION
Never connect or disconnect a wire and/or a connector to or from
a IED during normal service. Hazardous voltages and currents are
present that may be lethal. Operation may be disrupted and IED
and measuring circuitry may be damaged.
NOTE
Instructions from the power network company and other
maintenance directives valid for maintenance of the power
system must be followed. The following items are only for
reference.
NOTE
a) During operation, these manual operations listed below are
forbidden:
 Touch the live parts of the IED
 Insert in or draw out the modules
 Some manual operations in the menu of HMI, they are:
 Test contacts of output relay;

 Modify setting
 Write setting;
 Set system parameters
 Change the IED address in the communication network.
b) If the whole IED need be out of service, Switch off all external
tripping linkers firstly, and then turn off the DC power supply of
the IED.
c) If only some functions need be disenabled, switch off the
relative function linkers only.
d) If the DC power supply is shut down accidently during
operation, switch off all external tripping linkers at first.
-100-
e) If the LED “Alarm” is flashing, the IED should be out of service,

and the key “Reset” is forbidden to press, the engineer who is
responsible for the IED should be informed immediately.
f) If the LED “Alarm” is lit steadily, the engineer who is
responsible for the IED should be informed immediately.
10.1 Routine check

 Check the state of LEDs;
 Check the information scrolling displayed on the LCD;
 Check the active setting group number;
10.2 Periodical test

 Verify zero drift and scale of measuring value of analogue input;
 Check operating setting;
 Measure output voltages of DC power supply module;
 Check alarm circuits;
 Check binary inputs;
 Check the complete tripping and closing circuits;
 Check the printer;
 Insulation resistance test
10.3 Fault tracing

If an internal fault has occurred, the local HMI displays information.
10.4 Repair instructions

CAUTION
Most electronic components are sensitive to electrostatic
discharge and latent damage may occur. Please observe usual
procedures for handling electronics and also use an ESD wrist
strap. A semi-conducting layer must be placed on the workbench
and connected to earth.
CAUTION
When a printed circuit board is sent to Sifang, it must always be
placed in a metallic, ESD-proof, protection bag.
The IED is self-supervised. It is easy to identify the faulty module according the alarm
-101-
messenger.
When a module is in fault, It should be replaced with the backup module. And send
the faulty module to Sifang for repair.
The user can purchase separate replacement modules.
10.5 Operation after software updating or module

Replacing
10.5.1 Operation after CPU module software updating or CPU module replacing
The following steps should be done:
10.5.1.1 Firstly, confirm the address jumper to be right on CPU module, input and write setting.
10.5.1.2 Check the version and CRC code of CPU module software;
10.5.1.3 After updating or replacing, if alarm ―setting zone error― or ―setting error― is present,
the setting should be written again and the active setting group should be set again.
10.5.1.4 After updating or replacing, if alarm ―logical Linker error― or ―linker error― is present,
the setting should be written again and the active setting group should be set again.
10.5.1.5 Check zero drift and scale of all analogue inputs;
10.5.1.6 Test all binary inputs and outputs;
10.5.1.7 Test according the user‘s site operating guideline.
10.5.2 Operation after communication module software updating or communication

module replacing
10.5.2.1 Check the following details at first
 Version of the new COMMUNICATION module and version of new software
 Communication parameters, protocol option etc.
10.5.2.2 Configure again according to the former configuration, or write the former
configuration of MASTER again.
10.5.2.3 Set the following parameters
 attribution of setting, mode of linkers and mode of communication.
 Clock of the IED.
 Network address of the IED.
10.5.2.4 Check the information scrolling displayed is correct,
10.5.2.5 Print and check any reports and disturbance record reports
10.5.2.6 Test some binary inputs or outputs to confirm the menu operation can be done well.
-102-
10.5.3 Operation after replacing input or output module
 Check whether the address jumper of module is right or not firstly.
 Test all inputs or outputs on the module and relative external secondary
circuits before IED in service.
10.5.4 Operation after replacing transformer input module
 The magnitude and polarity of all analogue inputs must be verified.
10.5.5 Operation after replacing power supply module
 Check the accuracy of output voltages must be checked.
 Test contacts of output relays
 Test binary inputs
10.6 Relacing the back-up battery

Battery is used to supply power to chips for storing data, record fault and inner clock
in case the Auxiliary power supply is off.
 Battery is checked by the module periodically, module will alarm once it is

disabled.
 The back-up battery should be replaced after ten years of operation or after
alarm signal was sent out.
 Recommended battery: Lithium battery CR1/2AA, 3V/1Ah.
10.7 Others
 There are one test male connector at the up left corner of rear plate, The
connector can be used to test 24V(output), ±12V 、 5V and perform
auto-testing by connection with the internal CAN net.
 There are three ways to input settings：(1) Keypad on front panel, (2) employ
CSPC software tool (3) Substation automation system.
 Method to select active setting group：Use the functional keys, ―＋‖, ―－‖, to
select and switch active setting group.
 There are three ways to print:
 Use LON net to connect printer via the CSN 010 interface case（the terminal
wiring of printer and cable must be changed）.
 Connect printer directly with the print series ports of the IED through special
printer cable. If several equipments (the maximum is 4) need use one printer in
common, a CSN-4 interface case is needed.
 Via substation automation system.
Except AC terminals, all the other rear plate terminals are located on the female
-103-
connectors. If it is necessary to modify their wires，the female connector must be draw

out, then modify the wire of terminals on the connector. Except AC terminal, prohibit
inserting or withdrawing terminal wires without pulling out the female connector, in
order to prevent connecting wires from bad connection.
-104-
11 Rear Terminals of IED

11.1 Wiring diagram of current and voltage circuits
Fig. 25 as below is wring diagram of current and voltage circuits of CSC-326B. The
polar terminals of current and voltage of the IED ought to be respectively connected
to corresponding polar terminals.
11.2 Explanations of CSC-326B terminals

11.2.1 Terminals of CSC-326B
The distribution scheme of backboard of CSC-326B is shown in appendix; the

following tables are described detailed according to Fig. 25. X1, X2 and X3 are the
terminal of AC module at rear panel, X4 is the terminal of COMMUNICATION and
HMI at rear panel, X6 is the terminal of digital input module at rear panel, X8 is the
terminals of output module 1 at rear panel, X9 is the terminal of output module 2 at
rear panel, X10 is the terminal of output module 3 at rear panel, X11 is the terminal of
signal module at rear panel, X12 is the terminal of DC power supply at rear panel.
11.2.1.1 Terminal groups of X1 – inputs of analog quantities is shown in Table

36-1.
Table 36-1
Terminal mark object remark
a1-b1 Current of phase IHV1A,IHV1A polar terminal, Analog
IHV1A‘ not quantities input,
a2-b2 Current of phase IHV1B,IHV1B polar terminal, practical wiring
IHV1B‘ not diagram is
a3-b3 Current of phase IHV1C,IHV1C polar terminal, shown in Fig. 26
IHV1C‘ not and Fig. 27
a4-b4 Current of phase IHV2A,IHV2A polar terminal,
IHV2A‘ not
a5-b5 Current of phase IHV2B,IHV2B polar terminal,
IHV2B‘ not
a6-b6 Current of phase IHV2C,IHV2C polar terminal,
IHV2C‘ not
a7-b7 Neutral current in high voltage side or common
winding, IREFHV polar terminal,IREFHV‘ not
a10 Voltage of phase UHVB, UHVB input
b10 Voltage of phase UHVC, UHVC input
a11 Voltage of phase UHVA, UHVA input
ba12 Shielded grounding, connected to X10-ca32 inside
equipment, need not to be wired again.

36-2.
Table 36-2
Terminal mark Object Remark
a1-b1 Current of phase IMV1A,IMV1A polar terminal, Analog
IMV1A‘ not quantities input,
-105-
a2-b2 Current of phase IMV1B,IMV1B polar terminal, practical wiring

IMV1B‘ not diagram is
a3-b3 Current of phase IMV1C,IMV1C polar terminal, shown in Fig. 26
IMV1C‘ not and Fig. 27
a4-b4 Current of phase IMV2A,IMV2A polar terminal,
IMV2A‘ not
a5-b5 Current of phase IMV2B,IMV2B polar terminal,
IMV2B‘ not
a6-b6 Current of phase IMV2C,IMV2C polar terminal,
IMV2C‘ not
a10 Voltage of phase UMVB, UMVB input
b10 Voltage of phase UMVC, UMVC input
a11 Voltage of phase UMVA, UMVA input
ba12 Shielded grounding, connected to X10-ca32 inside
equipment, need not to be wired again.

36-3.
Table 36-3
a1-b1 Current of phase ILVA,ILVA polar terminal, ILVA‘ Analog
not quantities
a2-b2 Current of phase ILVB,ILVB polar terminal, input, practical
ILVB‘ not wiring diagram
a3-b3 Current of phase ILVC,ILVC polar terminal, is shown in
ILVC‘ not Fig. 26 and
a10 Voltage of phase ULVB, ULVB input Fig. 27
b10 Voltage of phase ULVC, ULVC input
a11 Voltage of phase ULVA, ULVA input
ba12 Shielded grounding, connected to X10-ca32
inside equipment, need not to be wired again.
11.2.1.4 X4 of COMMUNICATION and HMI is shown in Table 36-4.
Table 36-4
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X3(MASTER) A group terminal of GPS time synchronization,

Not Uesd 1 two group terminals of 485, two group terminals of
Print Transmit 2
Lon Works, series print terminal, two group terminals
Print Receive 3
of electric Ethernet（two group terminals of optic
Print GND 4
485-2B 5 Ethernet）. Configure the above according to user
485-2A 6 requirements.
Ethernet
485-1B 7
485-1A 8
GPS 9
GPSGND 10
LON-2A 11
LON-2B 12
LONGND 13
LON-1A 14
LON-1B 15
Not Used 16
11.2.1.5 Terminal groups of X6 – input terminals are shown in Table 36-5.
Table 36-5
Terminal mark Object
a2、a28 The a2 has been already installed an input of 24V at the interior of the
IED, and a28 has been already installed an input of 24V earthing. So the
connection exterior is not allowed.
a4 Remote access block-on：When the input is 24V, the controls must be on
site. That means only the local commands can be executed. All the
non-local commands will not be executed, such as the remote switching
connector, setting group, and writing the settings.
a6 Relay test：The relays will be test, when signal DI is given into this
terminal. When test the protections, the IED won‘t send the report, and
won‘t execute the remote commands. While the IED operating, the input
of this terminal must be cancel.
a8 Signal reset：used to reset the signal of flash on the front panel
a12 ―DIFF PROT EN‖. The differential protection is enabled or disabled, it is
125V input.
a14 ―REF PROT EN‖. The REF protection is enabled or disabled, it is 125V
input.
c2、c28 Wirings of these terminals are not allowed for equipment with supply
125V.
c14,c16, c18 Connect separately with DI1~3 trip DO.
11.2.1.6 Terminal groups of X8 – output terminals are shown in Table 36-6.
Table 36-6
c2-a2 3-Phase Trip 1-1 Fast output
c4-a4 3-Phase Trip 1-2
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c18-a18 DIFF OPTD-1
c20-a20 DIFF OPTD-2
c22-a22 REF HV OPTD-1
c24-a24 REF HV OPTD-2
c26-a26 OVFLX HV OPTD-1
c28-a28 OVFLX HV OPTD-2
c30-a30 OVFLX MV OPTD-1
c32-a32 OVFLX MV OPTD-2
Note：
Output tripping contacts, pickup breaker failure contacts and protection operation
output contacts are all instantaneous operating contacts withdrawn after breaker has
opened.
Table 36-7
c2-a2 3-Phase Trip 2-1 Fast output
c18-a18 HV BU OPTD-1
c20-a20 HV BU OPTD-2
c22-a22 MV BU OPTD-1
c24-a24 MV BU OPTD-2
c26-a26 LV BU OPTD-1
c28-a28 LV BU OPTD-2
c30-a30 THERMAL O/L OPTD-1
c32-a32 THERMAL O/L OPTD-2
Table 36-8
a2 Signal common terminal 1(+)
c2 Signal common terminal 2(+) Positive supply
a10 Signal common terminal 3(+) output
c10 Signal common terminal 4(+)
a4, a12 DIFF OPTD Signal
a6, a14 REF OPTD
c4, c12 OV/FLUX OPTD
c6, c8 NEU DISP ALM
c8, c16 THERM OC ALM
c18-a18, DO CONFIG DI1 Fast output
c20-a20
c22-a22, DO CONFIG DI2
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c24-a24
c26-a26, DO CONFIG DI3
c28-a28
11.2.1.9 Terminal groups of X11 – output Terminals are shown in Table 36-9.
Table 36-9
a2, c2 Center signal common terminal (+)
Positive supply
a12, c12 Remote signal common terminal (+)
output
a22, c22 Record signal common terminal (+)
a4, a14, a24 CT FAIL Signal
a6, a16, a26 VT FAIL
c6, c16, c26 OVER LOAD
c8, c18, c28 RUN ALARM
c10, c20, c30 RELAY ALARM
11.2.1.10 Terminal groups of X12 – terminals of power supply are shown in Table
36-10.
Table 36-10
ca2, ca4 24V+ output terminal
ca8, ca10, ca12 24V- output terminal
c14-a14 Contact of DC input Signal of DC input
c16-a16 Contact of loss of DC power supply Signal of loss power
c18-a18
ca20，ca22 1：input terminal of positive power Input for external
ca26，ca28 2：input terminal of negative power power supply
ca32 Shielded ground of equipment：Connected reliably
to the grounding of substation
-109-
12 Transportation and storage

12.1 Storage
If the IED is to be stored before installation, this must be done in the original transport
casing in a dry and dust free place. The packed IED should be stored in a waterproof
and snow proof place without acid or alkaline or other corrosive gas and explosive
gas. The storage temperature is from -25℃ to +40℃, and the relative humidity does
not exceed 80%. Observe the environmental requirements stated in the technical
data.
12.2 Transportation
The IED can be transported by all means of conveyance such as car, train and ship
etc, but ought to prevent it from rain, snow, vibration, Shock and bump, in order to
ensure perfect performance of the IED.
-110-
13 Ordering
 Manufactured type, name, and quantities
 Secondary value of the rated AC current: 5A or 1A
 Requirements for the communication interface: Network software, printer

interface option.
 Address and date for delivery.
 Requirements of panel color, dimension and appurtenances.
-111-
X6(DI MODULE) X4(MASTER MODULE)
X3(AI MODULE) X2(AI MODULE) X1(AI MODULE)
c a NOT USED 1
14
2 DC+ INPUT R24V+ INPUT
14.1
232-TRAN 2 b a b a b a
4 NOT USED REM ACCESS BLK
232-RECV 3 1 ILVA' ILVA 1 IMV1A' IMV1A 1 IHV1A' IHV1A
6 NOT USED RELAY TEST
232-GND 4 2 ILVB' IMV1B' IMV1B IHV1B'
8 NOT USED RESET ILVB 2 2 IHV1B
485-2B 5
10 NOT USED 3 ILVC' ILVC 3 IMV1C' IMV1C 3 IHV1C' IHV1C
485-2A 6
12 NOT USED DIFF PROT EN 4 4 IMV2A' IMV2A 4 IHV2A' IHV2A
485-1B 7
14 DI1 REF PROT EN IMV2B'
485-1A 8 5 5 IMV2B 5 IHV2B' IHV2B
16 DI2 NOT USED
GPS 9 6 6 IMV2C' IMV2C 6 IHV2C' IHV2C
18 DI3 NOT USED
20 NOT USED NOT USED

GPSGND 10 7 7 7 IREFHV' IREFHV
22 NOT USED NOT USED LON-2A 11 8 8 8
24 NOT USED NOT USED LON-2B 12 9 9 9
Appendix
26 NOT USED LONGND 13 10 ULVC ULVB 10 UMVC UMVB 10 UHVC UHVB

28 DC- INPUT R24V- INPUT LON-1A 14
NOT USED
11 ULVN ULVA 11 UMVN UMVA 11 UHVN UHVA
30 LON-1B 15
32 NOT USED NOT USED NOT USED 16 12 12 12
Terminal diagrams
112
X12(POWER) X11(DO MODULE) X10(DO MODULE) X9(DO MODULE) X8(DO MODULE)
c a c a c a c a c a
2 2 CENTER(COM+) CENTER(COM+) 2 SIG-2(COM+) SIG-1(COM+) 2 3-PHASE TRIP 2-1 2 3-PHASE TRIP 1-1
R24V+ OUT
4 4 PROT ACT CT FAIL 4 OV/FLUX OPTD DIFF OPTD 4 3-PHASE TRIP 2-2 4 3-PHASE TRIP 1-2
6 6 OVER LOAD VT FAIL 6 NEU DISP ALM REF OPTD 6 3-PHASE TRIP 2-3 6 3-PHASE TRIP 1-3
8 8 RUN ALARM NOT USED 8 THERM OC ALM NOT USED 8 3-PHASE TRIP 2-4 8 3-PHASE TRIP 1-4
10 R24V- OUT 10 RELAY ALARM NOT USED 10 SIG-4(COM+) SIG-3(COM+) 10 3-PHASE TRIP 2-5 10 3-PHASE TRIP 1-5
12 12 REMOTE(COM+) REMOTE(COM+) 12 OV/FLUX OPTD DIFF OPTD 12 3-PHASE TRIP 2-6 12 3-PHASE TRIP 1-6
14 DC FAILURE 14 PROT ACT CT FAIL 14 NEU DISP ALM REF OPTD 14 3-PHASE TRIP 2-7 14 3-PHASE TRIP 1-7
16 DC FAILURE 16 OVER LOAD VT FAIL 16 THERM OC ALM NOT USED 16 3-PHASE TRIP 2-8 16 3-PHASE TRIP 1-8
18 18 RUN ALARM NOT USED 18 DO CONFIG DI1 18 HV BU OPTD-1 18 DIFF OPTD-1
Fig. 25 CSC-326B Terminal diagram on the rear board

20 20 RELAY ALARM NOT USED 20 DO CONFIG DI1 20 HV BU OPTD-2 20 DIFF OPTD-2
DC+ INPUT
22 22 RECORD(COM+) RECORD(COM+) 22 DO CONFIG DI2 22 MV BU OPTD-1 22 REF HV OPTD-1
24 24 PROT ACT CT FAIL 24 DO CONFIG DI2 24 MV BU OPTD-2 24 REF HV OPTD-2

information available in a CSC-326 equipped with all options are provided.
26 26 OVER LOAD VT FAIL 26 DO CONFIG DI3 26 LV BU OPTD-1 26 OVFLX HV OPTD-1

DC- INPUT
28 28 RUN ALARM NOT USED 28 DO CONFIG DI3 28 LV BU OPTD-2 28 OVFLX HV OPTD-2
included. Connection examples show the proper connections of the device to
This appendix is primarily a reference for the experienced user. General
primary equipment in typical power system configurations. Tables with all

diagrams indicating the terminal connections of the CSC326 models are
30 30 RELAY ALARM NOT USED 30 NOT USED 30 THERMAL O/L OPTD-1 30 OVFLX MV OPTD-1
32 32 NOT USED 32 NOT USED 32 THERMAL O/L OPTD-2 32 OVFLX MV OPTD-2

14.2 Connection examples
Figure 30 illustrates the recommended standard connection for two-winding
transformers. Figure 31 illustrates the recommended standard connection for
three-winding transformers.
Differential protection embraces protection of the high voltage side and low
voltage side of the transformer cable. The permissible cable length and the CT
design (permissible load) are mutually dependent. Recalculation is advisable as
for lengths of more than 100m.
 Typical connection 1
A
B Transformer
C module AI1
UHVA 11a
UHVB 10a
UHVC 10b
UHVN 11b
UHV0 9a
9b
UHV0N
1a 1b
IHVA
IHVB 2a 2b
IHVC 3a 3b
IREFHV 7a 7b
8a 8b
INBKHV
Transformer
module AI3
1a 1b
ILVA
2a 2b
ILVB
3a 3b
ILVC
ULVA 11a
ULVB 10a
ULVC 10b
A ULVN 11b
B
C
Fig. 26 Typical connection example for two-winding transformer
113
 Typical connection 2
A
B Transformer
C module AI1
UHA 11a
UHB 10a
UHC 10b
UHN 11b
UH0 9a
UH0N 9b
IHA 1a 1b
IHB 2a 2b
IHC 3a 3b
A
B
Transformer C
module AI2
IH0
4a 4b
IHJX
5a 5b
Transformer
module AI2
IMA 1a 1b
IMB 2a 2b
IMC 3a 3b
IM0 6a 6b
IMJ 7a 7b
11a
UMA
10a
UMB
10b
UMC
11b
UMN
9a
UM0
9b
UM0N
Transformer
module AI3
1a 1b
IL1A
2a 2b
IL1B
3a 3b
IL1C
UL1A 11a
UL1B 10a
UL1C 10b
A UL1N 11b
B
C
Fig. 27 Typical connection example for three-winding transformer
114
14.3 Communication protocol
Table 37 Communication protocol
Front port for communication

Connection type electric COM port
Communication protocol Interior communication protocol
Type of connector DB9 pin connector
Speed of communication 9600 bps
Rear port for local / only local communication
remote communication
Connection type RS-232;Ethernet;RS-485
Communication protocol CSC2000
Medium of connection electric
Type of connector RS-232:DB25 connector;Ethernet:RJ45;RS-485:twisted-pair
RS-232:9600bps; Ethernet:10/100Mbps adaptable;
Speed of communication
RS-485:9600bps~38400bps
Isolation yes
Dielectric level III
Maximum cable length RS-232:10m;Ethernet:110m ;RS-485:1.2km
Type of port required at PC Ethernet:RJ45;RS-485:COM port
end
Functions supported by this RS-232:Print setting, fault report, waveform report
port Ethernet&RS-485:see above 12 m)
Rear port for substation automation
Connection type 2 Ethernet port;2 RS-485
Ethernet：IEC-61850
Communication protocol
RS485：IEC 60870-5-103
Medium of connection Ethernet port: optics/electric ;RS-485:electric;
Ethernet port:(SC/ST)/RJ45 ; RS-485:twisted-pair;
Type of connector
twisted-pair
Speed of communication Ethernet port:10/100Mbps adaptable ; RS-85:9600bps;
Maximum cable length Ethernet port(optics/electric):110m/2km ; RS-485: 1.2km;

Optical wavelength 850nm;1300nm
Permissible line attenuation 15dB
Type of port required at PC Ethernet port; COM port
end
Standard IEC 60870-5-103 ;IEC 61850
115
14.4 CSC-326 IEC 61850 communication
14.4.1 Overview
This port introduces the data modeling, communication principles that are used
in the IEDs. The purpose of supporting IEC61850 series is to provide
interoperability between devices from different venders.
For some advanced applications, the reader should have intensive knowledge
about IEC61850.
14.4.2 Communication profile
The communication between substation level and bay level uses mainstream
technology, which is an ISO/OSI stack consisting of Ethernet (layers 1 and 2),
TCP/IP (layers 3 and 4) and MMS (layers 5-7). The object models and their
communication services are mapped to the application layer of MMS (layer 7).
The communication between substation level and bay level is of
connection-oriented type. The communication services to access and retrieve
the data are mostly of client/server type.
Note:
MMS: Manufacturing Message Specification.
Table 38-1 Association specification

Description Value / Clarification
Maximum number of clients that can set-up 12
an association simultaneously
Is authentication supported N
What association parameters are necessary Transport selector Y for called selector, N for
for successful association calling selector
Session selector Y for called selector, N for
calling selector
Presentation selector Y for called selector, N
for calling selector.
AP Title N for calling and called AP Title
AE Qualifier N for calling and called AE Title
If association parameters are necessary for Transport selector 00 01
association, describe the correct values e.g. Session selector 00 01
Presentation selector 00 00 00 01
AP Title 1 3 9999 33
AE Qualifier 33
What is the typical startup time after a power 60 seconds
supply interrupt
Table 38-2 Reporting specification
The supported trigger conditions are integrity
data change
quality change
data update
GENERAL
INTERROGATION
The supported optional fields are sequence-number
report-time-stamp
reason-for-inclusion
data-set-name
116
data-reference
buffer-overflow only for BRCB
entryID only for BRCB
conf-rev
segmentation
Can the server send segmented reports Y
Pre-configured RCB attributes that cannot be N
changed online when RptEna = FALSE
(see also the ICD report settings)
Table 38-3 Control specification
What control modes status-only
are supported SBO-with-enhanced-security
What service error ACCESS-NOT-ALLOWED-IN-CURRENT-STATE
types are supported PARAMETER-VALUE-INAPPROPRIATE
CONTROL-MUST-BE-SELECTED
FAILED-DUE-TO-SERVER-CONSTRAINT
What additional cause BLOCKED-BY-SWITCHING-HIERARCHY
diagnosis are SELECT-FAILED
supported POSITION-REACHED
PARAMETER-CHANGE-IN-EXECUTION
ABORTION-BY-CANCEL
TIME-LIMIT-OVER
Which origin categories Bay-control, station-control, remote-control, automatic-bay,
are supported? What automatic-station, automatic-remote, maintenance, process.
happens if the orCat is When orCat is not supported response failure.
not supported?
Select timeout 60 SECONDS
Operate timeout 30 SECONDS
Table 38-4 Setting group control specification
What is the number of supported setting As configured in ICD file.
groups for each logical device
What is the effect of when and how the Display setting data and saved information on
non-volatile storage is updated the LCD of IED.
(compare IEC 61850-8-1 $16.2.4)
Table 38-5 File transfer specification
What is structure of files and directories? Directory name is COMTRADE.
Directory names are separated from the file ―/‖
name by
The maximum file name size including path 255
(recommended 64 chars)
Are directory/file name case sensitive Case sensitive
14.4.3 Data Model Profile
It is introduced in this part, the layout of the Logical Device, Logical Nodes and
Data Objects. The IEC61850 device model begins with a physical device. There
are several logical devices within each physical device. And there are at least 3
logical nodes within each logical device.
Note:
There are No vender specific Logical Node Class and Common Data Class in
CSC series devices.
117
Table 38-6 Logical Devices Model
LD Name Description Function
LD0 Device related LD Data about device: Self-checking, Alarm etc
PROT Protection LD Data about Protection: Protection Event, Setting
Group. etc
MEAS Measurement LD Data about Measurement
DREC Disturbance Record LD Data about Disturbance Record
Table 38-7 Data set model
What is the maximum number of data 800
elements in one data set
How many persistent data sets can be FOR ONE LD, THE SUM
created by one or more clients OF CONFIGURED DATE
SETS AND PERSISTENT
DATA SETS IS NO MORE
THAN 20.
14.4.4 ACSI conformance
Table 38-8 ACSI Basic Conformance

Client/ Server/ CSC Explanatio
subscrib publishe Series n
er r IED
Client-server roles
B11 Server side (of - C1 Y
TWO-PARTYAPPLICATION-
ASSOCIATION)
B12 Client side of C1 - N
(TWO-PARTYAPPLICATION-
ASSOCIATION)
SCSMs supported
B21 SCSM: IEC 61850-8-1 used N N Y
B22 SCSM: IEC 61850-9-1 used N N N
B23 SCSM: IEC 61850-9-2 used N N N
B24 SCSM: other N N N
Generic substation event model (GSE)
B31 Publisher side - O N
B32 Subscriber side O - N
Transmission of sampled value model (SVC)
B41 Publisher side - O N
B42 Subscriber side O - N
Table 38-9 ACSI models conformance
Client/ Server/ CSC Explanation
subscriber publisher Series
IED
If Server side (B11) supported
M1 Logical device C2 C2 Y
M2 Logical node C3 C3 Y
M3 Data C4 C4 Y
M4 Data set C5 C5 Y
M5 Substitution O O N
118
M6 Setting group control O O Y
Reporting
M7 Buffered report control O O Y
M7-1 sequence-number Y Y Y
M7-2 report-time-stamp Y Y Y
M7-3 reason-for-inclusion Y Y Y
M7-4 data-set-name Y Y Y
M7-5 data-reference Y Y Y
M7-6 buffer-overflow Y Y Y
M7-7 entryID Y Y Y
M7-8 BufTm Y Y Y
M7-9 IntgPd N Y Y
M7-10 GI Y Y Y
M8 Unbuffered report M M Y
control
M8-1 sequence-number Y Y Y
M8-2 report-time-stamp Y Y Y
M8-3 reason-for-inclusion Y Y Y
M8-4 data-set-name Y Y Y
M8-5 data-reference Y Y Y
M8-6 BufTm Y Y Y
M8-7 IntgPd N Y Y
M8-8 GI N Y Y
Logging
M9 Log control O O N
M9-1 IntgPd N N N
M10 Log O O N
GSE
M12 GOOSE O O N
M13 GSSE O O N
M14 Multicast SVC O O N
M15 Unicast SVC O O N
M16 Time M M Y
M17 File Transfer O O Y
Table 38-10 ACSI service conformance
Client/ Server/ CSC Explanation
subscriber publisher Series
IED
Server
S1 ServerDirectory - M Y
Application association
S2 Associate M M Y
S3 Abort M M Y
S4 Release M M Y
Logical device
S5 LogicalDeviceDirectory M M Y
Logical node
S6 LogicalNodeDirectory M M Y
S7 GetAllDataValues O M Y
Data
S8 GetDataValues M M Y
S9 SetDataValues O O Y
S10 GetDataDirectory O M Y
S11 GetDataDefinition O M Y
Data set
119
S12 GetDataSetValues O M Y
S13 SetDataSetValues O O Y
S14 CreateDataSet O O Y
S15 DeleteDataSet O O Y
S16 GetDataSetDirectory O O Y
Substitution
S17 SetDataValues M M N
Setting group control
S18 SelectActiveSG O O Y
S19 SelectEditSG O O Y
S20 SetSGValues O O Y
S21 ConfirmEditSGValues O O Y
S22 GetSGValues O O Y
S23 GetSGCBValues O O Y
Reporting
Buffered report control block (BRCB)
S24 Report C6 C6 Y
S24-1 data-change (dchg) C6 C6 Y
S24-2 qchg-change (qchg) C6 C6 Y
S24-3 data-update (dupd) C6 C6 Y
S25 GetBRCBValues C6 C6 Y
S26 SetBRCBValues C6 C6 Y
Unbuffered report control block (URCB)
S27 Report C6 C6 Y
S27-1 data-change (dchg) C6 C6 Y
S27-2 qchg-change (qchg) C6 C6 Y
S27-3 data-update (dupd) C6 C6 Y
S28 GetURCBValues C6 C6 Y
S29 SetURCBValues C6 C6 Y
c6 – shall declare support for at least one (BRCB or URCB)
Logging
Log control block
S30 GetLCBValues M M N
S31 SetLCBValues O M N
Log
S32 QueryLogByTime C7 M N
S33 QueryLogAfter C7 M N
S34 GetLogStatusValues M M N
c7 – shall declare support for at least one (QueryLogByTime or QueryLogAfter).
Generic substation event model (GSE)
GOOSE-CONTROL-BLOCK
S35 SendGOOSEMessage C8 C8 N
S36 GetGoReference O C9 N
S37 GetGOOSEElementNumber O C9 N
S38 GetGoCBValues O O N
S39 SetGoCBValues O O N
GSSE-CONTROL-BLOCK
S40 SendGSSEMessage C8 C8 N
S41 GetGsReference O C9 N
S42 GetGSSEElementNumber O C9 N
S43 GetGsCBValues O O N
S44 SetGsCBValues O O N
c8 – shall declare support for at least one (SendGOOSEMessage or SendGSSEMessage).
c9 – shall declare support if TP association is available.
Transmission of sampled value model (SVC)

S45 SendMSVMessage C10 C10 N
120
S46 GetMSVCBValues O O N
S47 SetMSVCBValues O O N
Unicast SVC
S48 SendUSVMessage C10 C10 N
S49 GetUSVCBValues O O N
S50 SetUSVCBValues O O N
c10 – shall declare support for at least one (SendMSVMessage or SendUSVMessage).
Control
S51 Select M M N
S52 SelectWithValue M M N
S53 Cancel O M N
S54 Operate M M Y
S55 Command-Termination M M N
S56 TimeActivated-Operate O O N
File transfer
S57 GetFile O M Y
S58 SetFile O O Y
S59 DeleteFile O O Y
S60 GetFileAttributeValues O M Y
Time
SNTP O
server
SNTP Y
client
T1 Time resolution of internal T1
clock
T2 Time accuracy of internal T0
clock
T3 Supported Timestamp 10
resolution
121
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Haidian District, Beijing, P.R.China
Zip： 100085
Tel： +8610-62961515,
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Fax： +8610-62981004
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E-mail: webinfo@sf-auto.com
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122

SF CSC-326 Transformer Protection IED Technical Manual (SIFANG)

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SF CSC-326 Transformer Protection IED Technical Manual (SIFANG)

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CSC-326 Transformer

This manual only caters to CSC-326.

testing, operation and maintenance with the protective relay.

Electrical equipment should be serviced and maintained only by qualified personnel.

device‘s operating and installation instructions before attempting to commission or

constitute a hazard for people and property.

and detection as well.

If any abnormity occurred in the equipment or unusual maintenance needed, please

promptly contact with the agents or our service hotline.

electrical codes concerning protective grounding of any device.

potential hazards or to call attention to information that clarifies or simplifies a

 Risk of electric shock

The addition of either symbol to a ―Danger‖ or ―Warning‖ safety label on a device

the instructions are not followed.

this symbol in the manual to avoid possible injury or death.

Other safety messages and notes

in death, serious injury or property damage.

result in death, serious injury or property damage.

result in minor or moderate injury or property damage.

functions or characteristics of the HW/SW.

Safety instructions ............................................................................ II

2.1 Basic data ................................................................................................ 5

3.1 Mechanical structure ............................................................................ 15

4 Protection functions ................................................................ 19

4.1 Differential protection (ANSI-87T) ........................................................ 19

4.2 Restricted earth fault protection(ANSI-87TN) ..................................... 36

5 Setting and calculation ............................................................ 60

5.1 Setting sheet ......................................................................................... 60

6.1 Overview ................................................................................................ 75

7 Disturbance record report........................................................ 82

7.1 Overview ................................................................................................ 82

8.1 Human-Machine Interface ( HMI ) ........................................................ 85

9 Installation and commissioning .............................................. 93

9.1 Unpacking and checking ...................................................................... 93

10 Maintenance ........................................................................... 100

10.1 Routine check...................................................................................... 101

11 Rear Terminals of IED ............................................................ 105

11.1 Wiring diagram of current and voltage circuits ................................ 105

12 Transportation and storage .................................................... 110

12.1 Storage ................................................................................................. 110

13 Ordering ................................................................................... 111

14 Appendix ................................................................................. 112

14.1 Terminal diagrams ............................................................................... 112

 The microprocessor combined 32 bits DSP with MCU, high performance

 Protective functions man-machine interface and also communications

 Internal module was intelligent designed so that a comprehensive real-time

 Double A/D sampling in analog circuit Acquisition, performing real time

 The equipment provides convenient automatic testing scheme in field, it can

faceplate in front of the equipment, and get information such as recorded

 Liquid crystal display with backlight: Application to display various messages

Table 1 Main function and arrangement

Functions and arrangement CSC-326B

Instantaneous differential protection √

Differential Inrush inhibit with 2nd harmonic

Overexcitation (definite and inverse ) for HV （24） 1 Definite Alarm Stage

Definite and IDMTL overcurrent protection(with selective 2 Definite Trip Stages

Functions and arrangement CSC-326B

direction) (50N,51N,67N) 1 Inverse Trip Stage

Thermal overload protection (49) √

Overload protection 1 Definite Alarm Stage

Backup protection in MV(middle voltage) side

Backup protection in LV(low voltage) side

Other auxiliary protection

 Differential protection (Including: Treble slope percent differential protection;