ESTER TBMASC3 HLYEAR - V SE! COURSE COD! ZARCH-1 CORE COURSE - XI - OPERATIONS RE! unit-1 Introduction — Origin and Development of O.R - Nature and features of OR Scientific Method in O.R. ~ Modelling in O.R. ~ Advantages and Limitations of Models General solution methods of O.R. models — Applications of Operations Research ~ Linear Programming problem — Mathematical formulation of the problem — Illustration on Mathematical formulation of linear programming problems ~ Graphical solution method Some exceptional cases - General linear programming problem — Canonical and Standard forms of L.P.P ~ Simplex method unit -11 Use of Artificial variables (Big M method ~ Two Phase method) Duality in linear 1 primal and dual pair ~ Formulating a Dual problem ~ Primal ~ Dual heorems — Complementary Slackness Theorem — Duality and programming ~ Ger pair in matrix form ~ Duality Simplex method ~ Dual simplex method, Unit - 11 Introduction - L.P. formulation of T.P. - Existence of solution in T.P. - The Transportation table - Loops in T.P. — Solution of a Transportation problem ~ Finding an initial basic - feasible solution (NWCM ~ LCM - VAM) — Degeneracy in TP - Transportation Algorithm (MODI Method) ~ Unbalanced T-P ~ Maximization T.P. Unit -1V Assignment problem — Test for optimality by using Hungarian met Introduction — Mathematical formulation of the problem — hod — Maximization case in Assignment problem. Unit-V Sequencing problem Sequencing—n jobs to be operate machines-problems-Two jobs to ~ Introduction — problem of sequencing ~ Basic terms used in .d on two machines — problems ~n jobs to be operated on K be operated on K machines (Graphical method)-problems. Text Book: 1. Operations Research (14" edition) by KantiSwarup, P.K.Gupta and Man Mohan, Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi, 2008. Unit! Chapter Isections 1.1 to 1.7, 1.10 Chapter 2 sections 2.1 to 2.4 Chapter 3 sections 3.1 to 3.5 Chapter 4 sections 4.1 to 4.3 | Unit Il | Chapter 4 sections 4.4 | Chapter 5 sections 5.1 to 5.7, 5.9 Unit H1__| Chapter 10 sections 10.1 to 10.3, 10.5. 10.6, 10.8, 10.9, 10.12, 10.13, 10.1 Unit IV__| Chapter 11 sections 11.1 to 11.4 | Unit V__| Chapter 12 sections 12.1 to 12.6 ] Books for Reference: 1. P.K.Gupta and D.S.Hira, Operations Research, 2" Edition, S.Chand& Co.. New Delhi, 2004. 2. Taha H.A.,Operations Research—-An Introduction.S" edition,Pearson Prentice Hall B.Sc. Mathemanies\ = — ORT : b ¢ fe . a | Likeas Pregnant ng problem , matharnodical formulation (af he. prdlars: | Shp 4 © aL ak Be jor Study Ae given Gituation to find the 4 decisions to be mode. chop % - esit f : nigh Tdantigy tha . 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Pa Mat. ©) dG $a,| 4. a, rf ve Es eta? -1o mee nf OY Sania % a > ans 5 A+ cexl ~SN-8 r|O : Ae, = F © wheat em Base Be ast 7 o te oe A] oe Pig Maer a 4G | 7a (So Ae SU Pee TR % Ws he Ye HE, Yeh, ea ws) Ya O° Me ant wa ce EEK eb eti cde 5 a ee oe es og ME 6) Saya VS Ua See vate Be, “9ea Ye eM UEKI, (Poy? Mo he Ve Me % Me EZ iMag, Mee Wear” a 4 yp, Me RK Oy 9 SRE ib i} Sy ATA, YE Vw Ma OZ he Me A %, sof = 2c. eit oS ee ‘ . Zeno ae j Lt seine Ae a z\e . piri, | aero e™ ee ee A ts NM oe re AML ty : NN . Leta a brie a its 1a wy eet ye Ned Bin ea, OA fT eo a4 2 actH yamSinnplet okhod - Twor pha se Sim use Jao phase simpler mebhed be gubseck bo Fhe . io Lig matimite FSI TNS 5 Py t ir Conskan InkS - 24 Mot, pHa = O - Atte TA, % WS BLA, " . Sele Ta. = fs PA ‘ max z= Bua, 85, P8a ’ ELA : Ata may 84) 20 i RAR Sa He, =O, 41 Ss nt ‘ [Phase as. © se ~)| 1 ,o.o 4} | (49 4 A ee a Al1h®o! 2 © ’ 5h, Pe | Lt Km 0 8 - 1:0 BK Yee) 2 Ya, (a0) %, Ya) a apt ee at ie ° oO oO oO oo a) o 0 8 9 8 4 ° Phase - 24 pn BAIT Kay FEIT EATS ©hoe % Je to Spe Sle Maps j.gubsed: fe conshruch. PT eT meta. ze ~ 85 Ge on > Segk § Oo iim 29S Se BEV EF wl. ack. o f oea: Consider the Ler -et man bt =m raha, AY%S 4 gubjeck ko a tEatts = 4 ae att Oy =8 om, ta Te MHA OP A abel as ‘he choke) van able ey using ts and 44 “ | ane others Yolle 1S giver by ere julien | & eA Basis Be \ “4 2) sy fA 4 | *> Aah Xa, w vy 4 a 9 @ Ss £ \b : . ips) selukion Vaal problem and pind t | urito Pre Jd - smal fable +» ia Ee OPEN eu i Fe 50 See Muah proba 35 | min Z= HM, BWA, eubsek be ws, +a EH “wy FHwa 24 w, ZY wa 27S shook 5 ~iporkenod ible — oer | dual consraink associated | on a htng atneed a4, tcl.-y20 WatS = | wy ey [2 Wa, = 6 min z= 414) 4+80d mines! =, Le = Max = & | mats ZL HSE AULA S Ke , | gubosetk fo sitatatts a, STAs Lag | Tyre 24s | ghere aay as are conshanks Fey specirit yolus OF a, Ax AS Hrs opkivms Solukien ‘is ae Basis Boldbiaw | oF, Yeates ea me Fy | wo on ene | wy Xo, | | a} da A ee ae | | | : me ha oe. | bs Bi oF AE | ' vee0! 4] oa ce 1 Ce % «Veen os j ap | odbermine =x | iD whe volua OF. a) Ae 05 Ehale gi etd kha Sivan opkium salubion : i) the values OF bi Balog and teats join Be opbiure i) The op haihae rtualboodion fe z “eclus =i bl, Ip | a 2 °o ! 10? ,jaac\fal. | ow ° ie . \ ) as Ao yaar -% aq =leo Fa ay = OS HAA HAA TAG AMO | Also : z+0B%g =I550 | IB50 = HC GtHOO | BCgt+HOO H!'S50 aS 7b 26 PHB Coy . sl) BbOT Reo Ba, = BO %*% Ao, =4Co n 3 | 46, Dex Yee = 10m | oe Pac % cai oo+ TS AY = Risky p | £0, byso) tH bOAAS = % _ goo tee 445 aes | aye oe $A% face Ag t ROPHOO xOWw zo a yea Ty bo cette | | jrrabrPbse™] fo yg | Sababbsey 2 by 4 ECB yy ~ Oy CSls pF yl Pe By\-071 Coy = UB y,. ~ Cis ah t Yan 2 HN edel= gear: LE Sty TU ABs HOST HOSAHOSS, Rit atar ts TS EHBO° BI) Oka, AAI, +Say'sybo AHA e+ Sey | ¥ ISH ao Sa tos oragshive, .- 5rr) 4 Vo ists) up — yee 1 om N 2 2 ae my 0 1 0 Ka ow we Po © 00, “Mx ~o \ Ko 30Go, =, Om BO | | | lorpo!= duck profalenn Vs min z peer wo ts on | | sugeek bo ton | w, E BEats SS Seay pours vies. ro Cha Wy Fado be 28 = imal Aeviahie | %y [re | dud conskraints wine | aS | s | a 7 ae = f | Co, RM, 0 E> iar bor 2m oO - Sere ex ep Hol O OR | opium | dwole > solvbi on us , min z= aw, Fosrw a, © Aymod\ Ay box O., i hee =4S5°0 +1 %0 2 \e5o -TT wt — cormplele Theoret: ° wo easraton oud oF he pal rie hhalprimal . | xset “kd primal der be ae gcd = =m sub ko AXZb : Xzro ibs duol \s given i) ie) dipn | pain FOND = = btw | sub FO | plrweee Ur Lhe dual is given by lena ‘Canonical. porn OF | . | mae zie fwd =- BT gub ko. mh ge plwe ~& é - wee | panied abe ddl orskh aluck is giver by win RL? = eed'y leub bo poye (eet B22 ayy” Dy Maz hY? _ ae sib fo -py =-b yzefe) rae hy sey” gab bo Ay 24, “2 gaa qhis Lipp ksh Vs the duck oF the duc problem +5 game as the primal problem _Hanet abe nasil om” bation RS — Poroblem Een oe) : 10%9-| | pckionah ot I cornpars) gnc? hes ¥ reo. | ve Finenies and Feu depoks qransporatdlio Cosh por bon capa cibies and sessions : ot are given below, —_ | 2 [of pos ts capaciky long) } {. & |- 6 [ a. te Lte. 408 — ky | 8 | & | wl Heo gl | Bee \y lo. A —fe is + Ault sl Teo | | Boo i Hoo iT ig _ Dekeaming op iti “abiecohion’ OF dh pla. solubion ee : .meas ask Cormay Webhosd Dri Doo Gee. Py \gool soot | | iE ' Ry Boy si | Ao too - 100= 50? ool |se0f | \ , Ra, 8 {4 6 | by wht yoontee-see Bist BET oe <8 | | Oo ee + Rs ol lo | A= | 3 00 600 1Q00 tho-se0. Soo qQo00 shore exnisks % Lolakion Zaj =é.b) c J Feasible solujion Le he prane™ lpr FOB woke col aly ood = _ io col Cray gixsk allocation is mada ty = min ror or ‘second allocation is made in King = pepodpen a00,he07) = boo shivd olbocakion ig) wade iw Hho od 6797 Feo, 5 min (600506, 4400) Rats Fourth allocabvon: is. made in the cell (a,6> mie Sos = (Hoo- We:, poo) fee viele alle cabion is rade in He coh bs,5> Kes = min (Tee—s00 goo). = 400 Sixth alLocab-ion “Ws rade in thn ath t5143 ! Boy emi ( Boo -ho0 00) = Hoo => F Neiremin x = xx 00+ TX 00 + Gxidoh 4x SOO 4 Axyoo tlnx%4oo = 1000-4 B59004 booy }%e0F SlOOH Hy ,, min, L epeee heask. cask - ebhod ope oe et | R, Beg) [aes | cl Ao | oor %Oos {Ray 8 A, in basil l ae |. Heo les | meat Teal | i tf | Rs} ta] 16s aby | gos E 1129; G00 Too oo Ae sf mab QO |) ° wh >teoo ait aa 190° Aedes tol (1d The = ablocakion 2h wader in he al Bip Leaiw (Hoop %ooD) = ROO (La > %qyq emin (690-400, 500) = 202 = Boo (41.39 —> %as, + (Hoo,-200) 00) (2,0) = Ian = (Heo, too) = 429° (Sisdz leu = Coe, 899D= Too (5,4) = i 2 eal °, a an? =\oo Pile von z= Btn 4 tx2X G04 [ox S004 Lxyoor a= C o5%y Al F904 x00 a 2 ony ea u | = an y ot, S88 2} A190. SPOT Hoo gop, 2 Ge < OOHRS oO. yoo! | Oban an initial basic foasible solukion bo the Following bvan sporakakion Problom using bho north -wesk comer rule’ + DEF Ge Available 4 Ws le ty 50 B 1G ‘8 14 10 Boo < om 15 10 400 Requine 00 2,25 OTS AHO —menk 1B | wl is | ‘She Fivsk albocakion is made in bho cath e119 | By zmin (450, %09-9 £409 F ' [the second atlocab ion iseemadg im he cll (a9 Ba, = min (a5o- 00, Bee Nz = BO Line thie ablecihion “is Made ‘in Phe cold (a) oa, = min (G00,%%5~50) = 175 | A | the yorukh ailocakion ts made in Hha cath tas Fare = MIN (BO0~175, 275 BASb the Sipbhalloakion i¢ made im Fhe coth Cs.y) Zag emin (y00, oT5-1%5) He The sink}, allocation. is mode in Fhe coll és,44 Tsy rmin Uyoo-tbo, 2450) +250 PN = Moe 20D FSBO F LEXINDE > 1905 In| + loxa6o = %%004 650451 504'T5O4 (950 +4506 = 12200 A. FDO -200= 56 Beo-awos Ke No. O11 cas feo %AB ATS 2%5O “bo hoThe irsk altecebion is made in the coff C1) Oy = min (%50, x00) = A000 The Seeond allocation is made in the coll (1.29 x Bs er 15 min (amo- yoo, e059 =o the hind aUocakion *s made in Hho colt (B,D Fao 2min ( Boo-aisop Cums) =50 “he Foullh ablocalion is male im bhe colllae | Naey min (950, SOO) = 2450 | = | The prpkh adlocakion i¢ made im khe call « a wes 2 (oor % 75) jt) EV HS 4 he elise she sizkh ‘allocation is mada in Fhe © 54 j Les = (yee, A135) ae ; cof 2.5007 2° L6e + Qeot _ rnHoor ; 4oetd 5 HEAT1005.) dekomins! 3! aaikiad “basic Feasible soln the Following branspotkabion 1) Mos gl wi ain Po |Om 2, Availabe lity | L fs | | |; 6 | s 6 2 ; 49 | 02, | y | 7 | 9 ’ BI | Pel s te. ey | Prasne| le le | 3) aS | Hos eda | Sdlukion + conan { _ North-west Comes Nicthod - a ae lig eS one FL 0 [Ms [a jin ° | 4 | ot fe res | STAB a0, Os 03 of al; 1a 54g sous (6 (ees Bye 5 “ea draere hi - | ; Fs 40 te Fish oftocalion is mada in the cath (1) | win . | Moe CA 16y 216, s2cend altncabion is made ta M | . 1 * 19-06 in Hho colt 4,9) PW) asThe ‘hired allocation ‘is mode in tho coth (1%? mit Fave. 2 AC SID =15 We Fowl alfecabiom ia mado in Hho call (+3? Fass n MoT 15, B) Dray The Fitth allocation ia meade iw the call (6/5? Senha. a Pym, =) =4q The dekh allocation is made in tha call (4) ey = min (34-4, 25) = 205 . . (4 o é min es. NOX 4 5x8 4 MBIT HG UE UXT EBM = GO+44105-4 1994 65 4 las [+ eb80.main we exiled XG FIM H KA \EXS+ Trip =54 46 Host ue 4+HS 4126 . = byVv Or! dekerimine an ahikial bakic yoasi ble sol bo he Following Jans porkakion vestinakion 1 la ls 4 Zai = Zb5 » Bayo | in Khe @Ue, he Fivsk lallocakion is made in Cue) | | at, ,2 min U4, 607 =e. | [re second. allecakion ig; wade im Rha cath (1.9 I | cya, = mint ie060, aes =} The “third athopa Etre, aoeade in khe all @3? t | Teen (be-4yo cee Jano ]eee (The Fourkh alleckion is mode in Khe aft (2,x) | Tos = min (BOAO, TOD 210 The FIFKR aWecakion is manda in the cold Ca. 4) Xo =min Cqo-1e, 0? =be im kha oll The sitkh allocation is made '™ Hl 4) Fay =min Mo- 60, Ho) 25° Oy TXb | main ae mBaeeek Hee MAO Soe + \BxB° | = 1x004 S864 SYOF FO FYACG TSO | min x =5680 Jonst Cook - Mahod | ‘ p, Pa Ps Dy | | 7 wa £ ht WN / Iyo- WO =O 4 ao 5 , Jo =s0=4o Ga ay 7, aby! aay 5, BO-10=HOmi - ; R Zs %oxi6+ yxo-} auf xyod x BO + BARO7STAYO + = Roop yyod FOO 4 ATOF S*OF \yso = B6TO poasibl 2 solu bo dolormine on tnifiak Gate ye Fallowing : [rans portabion Shores wore house F DT Dw availability A 5 \ Bt By mW tho Bust so S 5 4 J ciety cq . Bes OH a ay Ri weil Terateo ays lai” Rosudvonont tat Pi Ge—Pl) pans per a5AN Newt wet Commer - dhe - Tide Al nr CE k A | ¢ BAW = os c 12, D 1g- 5 | aj = Fb = Bo Tha Firs: ablocakion is made in the blO1: Ty = min C84, AD Bae Second altombion ja made in khe aah Cua: ra =min (sy- 21 RED = ot sie “Wied altocohion is made in r cal (A, | Fag = in (A545, 19) = (a [The “Fourth aloabion ig moda ‘m bhe call Ca,s> %eg=min Cisse, ia) =s ie igh Altea ion is Finale ‘m the colk ¢s,5) | Pes = Gan, 14) Eloy The. Si5e Lh allocakion is made in Hho cold O45) | ot irs Ce He 141). = Oy [Thee ea AojcakFow j5 mado in Mie alt. Ur) | c& So Bpemin (909057 i 9 o te howe, aANZ SBA AIRS + eS BAS Ft (y+ YxOrd 1x9, TWF IS 4 sh ai5 tye} Toy pmin ze < 259 » Seast Cock - 1ethodd - G5 yw DT Varia ye laa 7 rere ae 5 Bi, By OF ABTIT =I! | | || min Ze 1X* B+ SKA NXE } OXY Boepq Z + yx alas \ t 1 bb Koga exe ES TET 45 | £195 miry& = Comin et xb esxite Sxl 1BeS+ bxbo-+ brs + mg + 2 645,47 55+45+ aor 18+ (9) | Fachories a Wig, tiers py Wi | | i _ 0 ae Sea, 5B fo 5. | 2 © | Fy 4g Be Ye HHO Ne loo Fs| North = weet mw yp SE es Wy Ne - ae | ag |oay 35 je Gin Tbe | Tse[-— 7 | oe 48 1° BG yo | 4H | HE | joo O78? is keeles Be st : ANG r 48 | 150-40 -IS", | > Bo -4s as Toe 50 yo yO sHO eB | Zar eb5 =Boow | tu Ite Hesh _alleaion 13 made ii khs call 1) om =min (50,100) =e | i eg Padactin Ehe alt (2019 |The second allecakion tg Yada in © Oe, = min (\00-be,;\00) HO [me thind altecakion jis. made in Ho alk (2,49 Raa =mMin (100 -BO; To) = HO : I Forth allsakion is made in the alt (5, %7 t 3 soe ain C=O; 150) Had |The Fipth allocakion ig made fn the a (5,59 =20) | tes =min (Be, 55) Lye [we Siotth allocabion ig mado in Fhe coll ¢s,H9 «50-8 o %sy =min (ge,90) =4o { The. seventh abtocaiox (3 made invthe call tod) sip = min (s0-He, Ho) =yomin = borg,04 boxyer vox wed %OX 5H bo, a \ % 4B xo + HOXHE 20} = Bb) =s00 = (9004 KHOOH FOO + OO FNOOY Bog, | 1920 = 2OXBO + sberjo +HYXBOPSOXH OF 4235 0+ HH] + HBKHO ef Ax Joebo Pry ge My supply “Fi 4 ba efanitdmeVo ABR Fa Wes Ir oes) B Fred iis 4 y lost Laws! Liawso° ty 4 ea, Is (s boo = 1000F A5ROFIS HOH ITHOPINOOHT OF EH| eeek ee 6148 0 o)-10 0 Fb = =). 05024991! ee = apo" 34 ° ip Boo 0 MgB 75 } adlocolion i ay > min (500, 2597 =*5 0 Bye > wenin (Dor AOD See ae ayo 122) ci aac" Cee zee caoortaer overt eP 2 earn ee* Bae ol" (vase on Ha hi 89918 So (agg ree 9 00 59° oo) BO? ite isis | Lawl ot JB | 4 afi yoo dD 200 225 AIH 250 a mw 1 3. - ‘te | ROD (1) ROO 59 BAG. AH by ot oD 3 & | 260 (9 soy | SH | ‘t | HOO-IS0. (4) inh tid. 250 Ibo 25 45 PLLC i = b 2550-228 (2 af ASO ta) cw Vie ASO| Wy Wwe | Sk BG. Bo ca) ie 91 | Fo WE as. top-40 | | ly / Fs up heZaig7, 82 C13) ho =O a) (23) as cy die) “OY | SO Ce) | oy 60 (u) _ 85) 56] 22) us ts -us) eos 40 50 i 230 | | os 55 22, “vel 150 C13) BO ib BO | U2) 4 flay 41) fara Ss us! IS -5o = 10° € 80 -/ ~/ 10 60 wel We wel he | “pe. te is > Ro Pl Kar + Peas | Mik Z= Ho KRS 45° KAG—L.Le ack ASenqattponehs. set +10XB5 xq ,~bo- |\1-5 1% (oD a vqxt-id + 152s + Ux EEX EH ITRE TES Fla xXS zal}HI? (M02! | TRAINS PRATATON AklwoEH on 12D! Voll | Given yo Uniks , My = 2° WKS %a)2 25 uni | ‘ 555 Uni Ney HBO unibs text ® Mathed ) ww bs and Ssh 2 5un bi pimal solkion bo bho eran sperbal;, lik 16 an ope | Avoilatele uns tb 1. a -Bi ine \V eh F a tom te 4. D4? |peyiemt sp BBE AB von > ; yy | b modigy is to obdain a Later feowdh | iy no 152) hart Ss \aqo 4 BB. -Ho, go us ae Ve 3 y Ew ro fta| al 7 py 2 7] va oS The equation Witvy Uy assume Pink usee us+Va, = Osa O4+Veq, = (ey O ay ONE ey My E18) Yat =Cs) — ealShope wy dvse Us uy + { PF Vpeley a. BC yeeny [ota ¥y 59) Wat s uactio =I ~y Ms 9 U,ss-T ve > 44 re 3) 0] okep-+ zij~ GY eurayy oC : zy —ty ey SU =-ytie b =0 © Za Ue eM Vn Say = TN beet Coy meinen ba, SENET ° “| Zia peta, eects 025 tae EN Zam — eee boy F LETS of =° - Cony 2 ual Vy Lotis- 7 ts Zes-Cus =terve a since hk Hd Ae Je. ealubion 1S ne The -cunven pati = ft “padre peasibAll non basic ss nok 2° ao ‘S is\Fo° 6e0.we For Loop @emin {05 95 23 . ape? + Mpa uptyg =U TF a Ny = uw Nye 4 ao ty = Sa} the + Me coy aydors Uo hor HB. 5 - Usto 5a Tes | -| ypoaeey wey yaw rare YyAsek Vv =b-s, (Wes nS 2, Ves 87 sn - ease AWa sr) Vegits = C35 Vet t= hy gNs eyo t y Ws isa Zijc as Bai 5 |Zz a Gat ¥ a EME Var Goa 2 Ba) ET Zao, — C9. % ea, tVa, Oe ee-5e =o Zany Soy cua +4 ~Couy = eto-8 2 =o BH leg fly Ms ~ os ays yso 254 —Csy sey OY | eq+o-t The opnem go\n Aye = *5 1 yy 248? egy = BO ABO? Teyebs ' sa = SS, min = sou) U5 CDT ABLID ysc2t Sotedt eB =\q1eFind Lhe skashing in ao: rallawing s ion maki _bransporaki on Problem wy svegad' 3 apres “wnablod . ee piso. cheatin th opkium $° suphly Do, Dy, we % 64 s, 3 q : 7 a Soy 4 . & 7 * s Ss s . 3 pomand SI Seg OO se VN \ “2 Yj 1a ‘te —- Ma, | ee, y Fs \5 jure Ys VEZ a a Bets | oy Wy tyHM 45 WH) o . Ya Ms My ups C121, % 32 yj C3 1 mB UPANS = Sad } Vy to L alsa,meer htt | Skop- ENS 2Cyy | e. sty = Sosy W4My =, YatNy = 9ey ho cuy : Ug4to=% Rs tor b wre = y % Vay 1 Ve Crivan u, ugand us valuese oF MI Ya Vs Can be yada caleulalad 2s shown below | wey = Oy Mat Vs Sas UstVarG, | Y4V, 25 WANS O4Va= = Vn = Wz 5-4 'S = 3-2 Va, 23 a5 V5 =a The nek evalubions For each oF the wnoscupied calls ave now dha berrninad~ aij - Gj curty - cj Zia, — Gar = 4 Va, = Ga, = fay Bey = 44