Business Enterprise Skills Syllabus: Forms 5 - 6

ZIMBABWE
MINISTRY OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
BUSINESS ENTERPRISE
SKILLS SYLLABUS
FORMS 5 - 6
2015 - 2022
Curriculum Development and Technical Services

P. O. Box MP 133
Mount Pleasant
Harare
© All Rrights Reserved

2015
Business Enterprise Skills Syllabus Forms 5 - 6
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education would like to acknowledge the following:
• The National Business Enterprise Skills Syllabus Panel

• Zimbabwe School Examinations Council (ZIMSEC)
• Polytechnic and Teacher Training Institutions Representatives
• Universities Representatives
• Department of Psychomotor Activities in Education
• United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
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CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..........................................................................................................................i
CONTENTS................................................................................................................................................ii
1.0 PREAMBLE.........................................................................................................................................1
2.0 PRESENTATION OF SYLLABUS.......................................................................................................1
3.0 AIMS.....................................................................................................................................................1
4.0 SYLLABUS OBJECTIVES..................................................................................................................2
5.0 METHODOLOGY AND TIME ALLOCATION.......................................................................................2
6.0 TOPICS................................................................................................................................................2
7.0 SCOPE AND SEQUENCE...................................................................................................................3
8.0 COMPETENCY MATRIX......................................................................................................................7
8.1 FORM 5................................................................................................................................................7
8.2 FORM 6................................................................................................................................................21
9.0 ASSESSMENT.....................................................................................................................................32
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1.0 PREAMBLE 1.4 Assumptions

It is assumed that learners:
1.1 Introduction
• have a desire to run their own enterprises
The Business Enterprise skills syllabus is a two – year • desire to contribute meaningfully to community
learning area covering Forms 5 – 6. The syllabus and the nation at large
intends to develop in learners problem solving, resource • have access to some means of production
management, decision making, enterprise, leadership • are constantly participating in and interacting with
and technological skills in an indigenised economy. This business enterprise activities
syllabus will enable learners to more readily adapt to the • are aware of the prevailing business environment
dynamic environment, through the use of their learned • Interact with Information Communication Technol-
skills, competencies and knowledge, thus promoting ogies (ICTs).
internationally competitive businesses.
1.5 Cross - cutting themes
1.2 Rationale
The teaching and learning of Business Enterprise Skills
will encompass the following cross cutting themes:
The study of Business Enterprise Skills equips learners
of diverse needs with practical enterprise skills and busi-
• Information Communication Technologies (ICTs)
ness related competencies that promote sustainable use
• Environmental issues
of resources, employment creation, value addition and
• Collaboration
beneficiation. This will enable them to operate successful
• Disaster risk management
enterprises in the changing global, socio – economic,
• Financial literacy
cultural, political, ecological, legal and technological
• Heritage
environment. It promotes self-reliance for the enhance-
• Unhu/Ubuntu/Vumunhu
ment of economic growth through the ownership/access
and utilisation of means of production.
2.0 PRESENTATION OF
The Business Enterprise skills syllabus enables learners
to develop skills such as:
SYLLABUS
The syllabus is presented as a single document catering
• Leadership
for Forms 5 – 6.
• Critical thinking
• Creativity and innovation
• Value addition and beneficiation 3.0 AIMS
• Communication
• Decision making The syllabus enables learners to:
• Team building
• Problem solving • develop an appreciation of the environment within
• Self-management which business enterprise activities take place
• develop knowledge and understanding of busi-
1.3 Summary of Content ness enterprise concepts and activities
• encourage learners to consider new venture cre-
This syllabus intends to provide a theoretical and ation and self-employment
practical knowledge base for learners, with diverse • develop knowledge and understanding of stake-
needs, in Business Enterprise Skills in areas such as holders within and outside business and consider
the enterprising environment, business formulation and ways in which they are able to influence business
growth, business planning, operations management, objectives
enterprise finance and accounting and people in busi- • acquire lifelong skills, personal development and
ness enterprises. self–efficacy, allowing them to contribute to local
and national economic development
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4.0 SYLLABUS OBJECTIVES 5.1.2 Time Allocation

By the end of two years of secondary education, learners To enable adequate coverage of the content, Form 5 to 6
should be able to: Business Enterprise Skills should be allocated at least 8
forty minute lessons per week.
Learners should participate in at least one educational
• analyse the environment in which business enter-
tour per year and one seminar per term.
prise activities take place
• demonstrate knowledge and understanding of
Learners/group of learners should undertake at least one
facts, terms, concepts, functions of the business
enterprising project on continuous assessment at A-level.
enterprise skills
• demonstrate business culture and ethics in enter-
prising
• apply knowledge and skills to make accurate deci- 6.0 TOPICS
sions in business situations
• apply ICTs in business activities The syllabus topics are as follows:
• communicate business information in a coherent
and logical manner 6.1 The Enterprising Environment
• apply skills of numeracy, literacy, inquiry and use 6.2 Enterprise formulation and growth
relevant sources of information to present and 6.3 Business Planning
interpret business data 6.4 Enterprise Finance and Accounting
6.5 People in Business Enterprises
6.6 Markets and Marketing
6.7 Operations Management
5.0 METHODOLOGY AND TIME
ALLOCATION
5.1 Methodology
The syllabus encourages learner-centred methods and

approaches.
The need to impart enterprising skills, to promote sus-

tainable use of resources, employment creation, value
addition and beneficiation, should influence the choice
of teaching and learning methods in Business Enterprise
Skills.
The following methods are suggested.
• Presentations
• Debates
• Case studies
• Group work
• Research
• Problem solving
• Demonstrations
• Educational tours
• School on the shop floor
• Guided discovery
• Seminars
• Project work
• Shadowing
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7.0 SCOPE AND SEQUENCE
7.1
7.0 TOPIC
SCOPE AND THE ENTERPRISING
1: SEQUENCE ENVIRONMENT
7.1 TOPIC 1: THE ENTERPRISING ENVIRONMENT
FORM 5 FORM 6
 Economic Systems  Ways of enterprising

 Overview of enterprising  Enterprise opportunities and risks
 The internal and external environment  Enterprise constraints and ethical issues
 Multinational corporations  Acquiring and sustainable use of resources
 Globalization and the business enterprise
 Economic integration
 Resources and capabilities
 Business stakeholders
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7.2 TOPIC 2: ENTERPRISE FORMULATION AND GROWTH

7.2 TOPIC 2: ENTERPRISE FORMULATION AND GROWTH
FORM 5 FORM 6
 Forms of business enterprises  Measurement of business size

 Main features of business enterprises  Small to Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
 Privatisation  Survival and growth strategies of a business enterprise
 Assistance to new enterprise start-ups  Strategies of breaking into foreign markets
7.3 TOPIC 3: BUSINESS PLANNING

7.3 TOPIC 3: BUSINESS PLANNING
FORM 5 FORM 6
 Business enterprise objectives  Managing growing business enterprise

 Business plan  Laws and regulations governing business enterprises start-up and
 Designing and implementation of business plans operations
 Enterprise project  Enterprise project
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7.4 TOPIC 4: ENTERPRISE FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING

7.4 TOPIC 4: ENTERPRISE FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING
FORM 5 FORM 6
 Enterprise finance  Ratio analysis

 Sources of finance for an enterprise  Investment appraisal techniques
 Accounting concepts  Decision Trees
 Users of accounting information  Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)
 Financial statements  Budgeting
 Depreciation
 Stock valuation
7.5 TOPIC 5 : PEOPLE IN BUSINESS ENTERPRISES

7.5 TOPIC 5 : PEOPLE IN BUSINESS ENTERPRISES
FORM 5 FORM 6
 Management  Human Resource management(HRM)

 Motivation
 Leadership
 Organizational structure
 Communication in business enterprise
7.6 TOPIC 6: MARKETS AND MARKETING

7.6 TOPIC 6: MARKETS AND MARKETING
FORM 5 FORM 6
 Purpose of marketing for an enterprise  Marketing mix

 Enterprise and markets  Product portfolio planning
 Demand concepts  E-business and the enterprise
 Market research
 Market segmentation
 Marketing strategies
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7.7 TOPIC 7: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
7.7 TOPIC 7: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
FORM 5 FORM 6
 Nature of Production  Inventory management

 Costing  Quality control and quality assurance
 Production and productivity  Critical Path Analysis
 Production methods  Work Study
 Capital vs Labour intensity
 Scale of operation
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8.0 COMPETENCY MATRIX

8.0 COMPETENCY MATRIX
8.1 FORM 5
8.1 FORM 5
8.1.1 THE ENTERPRISING ENVIRONMENT
TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CONTENT (Skills, attitudes SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES AND SUGGESTED
learners should be able to: and knowledge) NOTES RESOURCES
Economic  identify the types of economic  Types of economic  Evaluating the different types of  Recommended
systems systems systems: economic systems and their textbooks
- command implications to business enterprise  Case studies
- free market  ICT tools: internet
- mixed  Newspaper cuttings
 explain the economic  Economic philosophies  Matching philosophies to the economic  JAWS
philosophies associated with such as capitalism, system  Resource person
each economic system socialism, communism,  Relevant statutory
indigenisation instruments
 Charts
 Overview of enterprising  Discussing the concept of enterprising
Overview of  explain the concept of  Meaning of:  Discussing different ways of
Enterprising enterprising - Enterprising, enterprising
- Enterprising person,  Assessing enterprising activities that
- Enterprise learners may practice at school and at
home
 demonstrate a culture of  A culture of enterprising  Developing a culture of enterprising in

enterprising learners
 discuss the desirable  Characteristics of a  Evaluating the characteristics of

characteristics of successful successful enterpriser successful business enterprisers
enterpriser
 explain the benefits and  Benefits and drawbacks of  Discussing the benefits and  Brochures
drawbacks of enterprising enterprising drawbacks of enterprising giving  ICT tools
practical examples Sample of trade
 Describing the internal and external agreements
The internal  analyse the internal and external  The internal and external environment components
and external
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environment environment environment (SWOT,  Discussing the impact of internal and

 apply the environmental PESTEL and Porter’s five external environment
scanning tools to a local forces model)  Undertaking a SWOT, PESTEL, five
business enterprise forces analysis on a local business
enterprise
Multinational  describe objectives MNCs  Objectives of MNCs  Outlining objectives of MNCs

Companies  explain challenges faced by  Challenges faced by MNCs  Discussing challenges faced by MNCs
(MNCs) MNCs  Benefits & drawbacks of in host countries
 evaluate the impact of MNCs on MNCs  Debating on the benefits and
host countries drawbacks
Globalisation  evaluate the effects of  Effects of globalisation on  Analyzing the effects of globalization
and the globalisation to an enterprise an enterprise on an enterprise
business
enterprise
 Concept and forms of
integration such as bi-
lateral, multi-lateral,
regional
 discuss the concept of economic  Importance of economic  Explaining the concept of economic  Recommended
Economic integration integration integration text books
integration  ICT tools
 Local businesses
 evaluate the importance of  Debating the benefits and
economic integration for drawbacks of economic integration
enterprises
 identify the internal and external  The internal and external  Describing the internal and external
Business stakeholders
stakeholders of an enterprise stakeholders
stakeholders
 explain the role of each internal  Roles of internal and  Discussing the roles of internal and
and external stakeholder external stakeholders external stakeholders
 distinguish between resources  Difference between  Discussing the differences between

Resources
and capabilities resources and capabilities resources and capabilities
and
capabilities
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 explain the need for resources in  The need for resources  Explaining the need for resources in
an enterprise and capabilities an enterprise
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8.1.2 ENTERPRISE FORMULATION AND GROWTH

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVE CONTENT (Knowledge, SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES AND SUGGESTED

learners should be able to: skills and attitude) NOTES RESOURCES
Forms of business  describe the forms of business  Forms of enterprises  Identifying the different forms of  Recommended
enterprises enterprises and how to start them business enterprises and how to textbooks
start them  Case studies
 ICT tools: internet
Main features of a  explain the main features of a  Features of business  Discussing the main features of  Newspaper
business business enterprise enterprises business enterprises cuttings
enterprise  evaluate the different forms of - private sector  Evaluating the different forms of  JAWS
business enterprises - public sector business enterprises  Resource person
- unincorporated and  Relevant statutory
incorporated instruments
businesses  Charts
- limited liability
- separate legal
personality
- continuity
 explain forms of privatisation  Privatisation,  Discussing concepts of

Privatisation  evaluate the impact of privatisation Commercialisation and privatisation, commercialisation and
 evaluate the concepts of Nationalisation nationalisation
commercialisation and
nationalization  Problems faced by
 explain the problems faced by business start-ups
business start-ups
Assistance to  Forms of assistance to  Identifying problems faced by
 identify the forms of assistance to
business start-ups business start-ups business start-ups
business start-ups
 Describing the forms of assistance

to business startups
 Touring potential sources of
assistance and researching on the
form of assistance that can be
offered
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8.1.3 BUSINESS PLANNING


Business  analyse business enterprise  Enterprise objectives  Discussing business enterprise  Recommended
enterprise objectives such as : objectives textbooks
objectives  evaluate the importance of - growth  Case studies
objectives in a business enterprise - profit  ICT tools: internet
- survival  Newspaper cuttings
-  JAWS
Business plan  explain the purpose of a business  Business plan concept,  Discussing the business plan  Resource person
plan purpose and concept, purpose and evaluation  Relevant statutory
evaluation instruments
Designing and  describe the processes involved in  Discussing the processes involved  Charts
implementation of designing and implementation of  Stages in designing in designing and implementation  Samples of business
business plans business plans and implementation of of business plans plans
business plans
 design a business plan  Drafting a business plan and
 Key components of a implementation scheme for the
business plan enterprise project
Enterprise project  carry out an enterprise project  Business plan and  Undertaking an enterprise project
implementation
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8.1.4 ENTERPRISING FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING
8.1.4 ENTERPRISING FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING

Enterprise finance  analyse the need for finance in an  Need for finance such  Discussing the need for finance in  Recommended
enterprise as: an enterprise textbooks
 assess the ways of managing - revenue  Explaining revenue expenditure  Local business
working capital expenditure and capital expenditure enterprises
- capital expenditure  Assessing the ways of proper
- operational management of working capital
expenditure
 Ways of managing
working capital
Sources of finance  assess various sources of finance  Internal sources and  Discussing sources of finance  Recommended
for an enterprise  distinguish between internal and external sources  Evaluating the various sources of textbooks
external sources of finance  Factors influencing the finance  Local business
 discuss the factors to consider choice of finance  Touring financial institutions enterprises
when choosing sources of finance sources  ICT Tools
Accounting  describe accounting concepts  Accounting concepts  Discussing various accounting  Recommended
concepts - double entry concepts textbooks
- accruals  Local business
- money enterprises
measurement  Newspapers
- prudence
- realisation
- business entity
Users of  evaluate the usefulness of  Users of Accounting  Identifying users of accounting

Accounting accounting information to different Information such as information
Information users - managers
- banks  Debating on the usefulness of
- creditors accounting information different
- employees users
- government
- customers
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Financial  explain the importance of keeping  Financial statement  Preparing financial statements  Financial bulletins
statements accurate financial records - Income statement  Interpreting information from  Recommended
 prepare financial statements of an - Statement of financial statements textbooks
enterprise financial position  Making decisions using information  Newspapers
from financial statements
 Preparing financial statements for

the running project
Depreciation  explain the concepts of  Provision for  Discussing the concept of

depreciation and provision for depreciation depreciation
depreciation
 Methods of depreciation  Calculating depreciation using the
 describe methods of depreciation - Straight Line two methods
- Reducing balance
 evaluate each method of  Evaluating the appropriateness of
depreciation  Cash flow forecast depreciation methods in given
- Ways of improving situations
 discuss the importance of cash flow enterprise cashflow
forecast - debt factoring  Discussing the importance of cash
- leasing sale flow forecast
- lease back
- extended credit  Discussing ways of improving cash
- reduced debtors’ flow of the business
payment period
Stock Valuation  explain the method of stock  Stock valuation  Valuing stock using the three  Recommended
valuation methods methods text books
 evaluate the methods of stock - FIFO  ICT Tools
valuation - LIFO  Debating the advantages and  Local Businesses
- AVCO disadvantages of each method
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8.1.5 PEOPLE IN BUSINESS ENTERPRISES

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Knowledge, NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGESTED

Learners should be able to: skills and attitude) ACTIVITIES RESOURCES
Management  explain the concept of  Management concepts  Analysing the concept of  Charts
management in business management  ICT tools
management  Recommended
 describe functions of managers  Managerial functions such  Discussing the functions of textbooks
in a business enterprise as: managers  Resource person
- Planning  Local organisations
- Leading
- Organizing
- Controlling
 explain the role of managers  Managerial roles such as  Discussing the roles of managers
from Mintzberg  Researching on management
 Management theories theories
 evaluate the applicability of such as :  Assessing the applicability of
management theories in modern - scientific management theories to modern
business enterprises management business enterprises
- behavioural
- administrative
- bureaucratic
Motivation  explain the need for motivation  The concept of motivation  Explaining motivation concepts  Local business
 discuss theories of motivation  enterprises
 assess the appropriateness of  Motivation theories such  Discussing the theories of  ICT tools
motivation theories in modern as by Maslow; Herzberg; motivation  Charts
business circumstances Taylor; McGregor  Recommended
 Evaluate financial and non-  Examining the motivation methods textbooks
financial methods of motivating  Financial and non- being used by a local organization
employees financial methods of  Justifying and recommending the
motivation appropriate motivation method
Leadership  describe the concept of  Concept of leadership  Explaining leadership  ICT tools
leadership  Distinguishing between leadership  Charts
and management  Local business
enterprises
 explain the qualities of a good  Leadership qualities  Describing qualities of a good
leader leader
 discuss different leadership  Leadership styles: such
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styles as democratic, autocratic,  Evaluating the appropriateness of
 assess the relevance of laissez faire. different leadership styles
leadership theories  Leadership theories such  Role play exhibiting different styles
 evaluate the appropriateness of as McGregor’s theory X of leadership
leadership styles to different and Y, Mouton and  Discussing the applicability of
business circumstances Blake’s managerial grid leadership theories in modern day
business enterprises
 assess the role of informal  Formal and informal  Distinguishing between formal and
leadership in business enterprise leadership informal leadership
 Researching and presenting on the
leadership styles used by
managers of local business
enterprises
Organisational  explain the need for and nature  Need for an organizational  Discussing the importance of an  Sample of an
Structure of organizational structure structure organizational structure organisational
 illustrate organizational structure  Organisational chart  Drawing an organogram for a given chart
on a chart organization  Recommended
 evaluate different approaches to  Approaches to  Explaining conflict between line and textbooks
organizational structure organisational structures: staff managers  ICT tools
functional, divisional,  Evaluating the different approaches  Samples of
 distinguish between formal and matrix structure to organisational structures communication
informal organisations  Formal and informal  Differentiating between formal and media
 explain the features of formal organizations informal organizations
organisational structure  Features of formal  Discussing the features of formal
organisational structure organisational structures
 discuss the advantages and such as span of control,
disadvantages of informal hierarchy, chain of  Evaluating the importance of
organisations command, responsibility, informal organisations
authority delegation,
centralization,
decentralisation
Communication in  analyse the importance of  Importance of business  Discussing the significance of
Business enterprise communication in business communication business communication
 evaluate the internal and  Internal and external  Drafting communication media
external communication methods of such as : memos, e-mails,
methods used in an enterprise communication such as statements, letters, invoices
written, oral, electronic,
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 explain barriers to effective formal, informal  Debating on the advantages and
communication disadvantages of various
 suggest ways of reducing  Effective communication communication methods
barriers to effective business  Suggesting solutions to
communication communication barriers
 evaluate the lines of  Lines of communication  Researching on communication
communication in a business methods used in a local
enterprise organization
 justify the appropriateness of  Discussing the difference between
communication methods in given formal and informal
circumstances communication
 distinguish between formal and
informal communication in
business enterprises
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8.1.6 MARKETS AND MARKETING

Purpose of  explain the meaning of market  Meaning of :  Discussing the meaning of  ICT tools
marketing for an and marketing. - market market and marketing  Pamphlets
enterprise  analyse the role of marketing to a - marketing  Explaining the role of marketing  Resource person
business enterprise  Role of marketing to a business enterprise
Enterprise and  describe the various types of  Types of markets  Discussing advantages and  Recommended text
markets markets - Local ,regional , disadvantages of types of books
global markets  ICT tools
 evaluate benefits and challenges - physical and virtual  Describing types of markets i.e.  Local businesses
encountered in foreign markets markets virtual and physical markets
 discuss the importance of  Participating in virtual markets

physical and virtual markets through activities such as
viewing on line products and
requesting quotations
Market research  discuss market research  Market research  Evaluating market research  Recommended text
techniques techniques: techniques books
- qualitative  Newspapers
- quantitative  Magazines
 evaluate sources of data  Sources of data  Discussing sources of data  Sample questionnaire
- primary  Interview guide
- secondary  ICT Tools
 evaluate sampling techniques  Sampling techniques:  Analysing the appropriateness
- probability of different sampling techniques
 carry out a market survey on an - non-probability  Designing a research instrument
identifiable need  Instruments of data to address the identified need
gathering such as:  Conducting a survey
 present researched data using - questionnaires  Writing a report
various methods - interviews  Presenting data
- observation
- document review
 demonstrate ability to interpret  Data presentation  Analysing research data and

and use research findings in methods such as: making informed decisions
decision making - tables
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- pie charts
- graphs
 Data analysis and
interpretation
Market  evaluate basis for segmenting a  Basis for segmenting  Discussing basis for market  Software packages
segmentation market such as: segmentation such as :
 segment a market - Demographic  Subdividing markets into various - microsoft excel
- Geographic segments - publisher
- Psychographic
- behavioral
Marketing  identify various marketing  Marketing strategies such  Assessing various marketing  Recommended text
Strategies strategies that maybe used by as: strategies that may be used by books
enterprisers - Target marketing enterprises  Pamphlets
- Product positioning  Researching from marketing  ICT tools such
- Differentiation strategies computers, internet
- Mass marketing  Resource persons
- Niche marketing  Smartphone
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8.1.7 OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

Nature of  explain the stages of production  Stages of production:  Explaining stages of production  Recommended text
production primary, secondary and  Illustrating the production process books
 discuss the production process tertiary on a diagram  ICT tools
 distinguish between value-addition  Production function:  Comparing and contrasting value  Local businesses
and beneficiation inputs, processes and addition and beneficiation  Individual projects
 explain the importance of product outputs  Discussing the importance of
value addition and beneficiation to the  Value addition and value addition an beneficiation to
business beneficiation a business enterprise
 discuss the factors influencing  Location and relocation  Discussing factors influencing the
production plant location and of production plant location and relocation of the
relocation production plant
 classify the different types of  Production costs:  Distinguishing different production
production costs - Fixed, variable and costs
Costing  exemplify the different types of marginal
production - Direct and indirect
 discuss different approaches to  Approaches to costing:  Describing approaches to costing
costing - Absorption costing  Discussing the advantages and
 evaluate the appropriateness of each - Contribution costing disadvantages of different
costing approach approaches to costing.
 determine minimum level of production  Break-even analysis:  Calculating the break-even output
necessary using break-even chart - Break-even point using their projects
 identify the elements of a break-even - Margin of safety
chart - Profit/loss region  Illustrating break-even chart
 solve production problems using elements
break-even analysis
Production and  evaluate the importance of break-even  Measures of productivity:  Making informed decisions using  Recommended text
productivity analysis as a tool for decision making - Labour productivity information from a break-even books
 explain capital and labour productivity - capital productivity chart  ICT tools
 Discussing the significance of  Local businesses
break-even analysis in decision
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Production  suggest ways of improving productivity  Ways of improving making

methods in a business enterprise productivity  Describing measures of
productivity
 explain the method of production  Suggesting ways of improving  Recommended text
 Production methods productivity books
 evaluate the appropriateness of each - Job  Discussing methods of production  Local manufacturing
production method to different - Batch  Visiting local production units to businesses
situations - Flow assess the production methods  Charts
- Line used  ICT tools
 discuss effects of switching from one  Evaluating the appropriateness of
production methods to another each production method
 Discussing advantages and
disadvantages of switching from
one production method to another
Capital vs  explain the concepts of labour and  Capital intensity vs labour  Distinguishing between labour and
Labour intensity capital intensity intensity capital intensity
 discuss the benefits and limitations of  Evaluating the benefits and
labour intensive and capital intensive limitations of labour intensive and
production processes capital intensive production
 justify the appropriateness of each processes
method in a given situation Discussing the appropriateness
of each method in a given
situation
Scale of  discuss the advantages and  Scale of operation:  Explaining the advantages and
operation disadvantages of operating at a - Economies of scale disadvantages of operating at a
small or large scale Diseconomies of scale small or large scale
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8.2 FORM 6
8.2 FORM 6

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES: CONTENT (Knowledge, SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES AND SUGGESTED
Ways of discuss the various ways of  Business ventures such  Explaining the various ways of  Recommended
enterprising enterprising as bee farming, mushroom enterprising textbooks
farming, vending, software  Case studies
development  ICT tools: internet
 Newspaper
cuttings
Enterprise  discuss possible enterprise  Enterprise opportunities  Identifying opportunities and risks for  JAWS
opportunities opportunities and risks and risks any given business venture  Resource person
and risks  Analysing enterprise opportunities and  Relevant statutory
risks instruments
Enterprise  analyse enterprise constraints  Enterprise constraints  Discussing enterprise constraints  Charts
constraints and such as :
ethical issues - political, legal, social,
ecological, economic
 evaluate the importance of being  Business ethics  Outlining ethical issues in business
ethical in business  Evaluating the importance of ethical
issues in business
Acquiring and  explain ways of acquiring and  Means of acquiring  Discussing the ways of acquiring and
sustainable use sustainable use of resources resources such as; hire efficiently utilizing resources
of resources purchase, Built-Own-
Transfer, Built-Own-
Operate-Transfer,
 Efficient utilisation of
resource
26
21

Measurement of  identify criteria of measuring  Criterion to measure size of  Explaining criteria used to measure  Recommended
business size enterprise size enterprises enterprise size textbooks
 Case studies
Small to Medium  analyse the role of SMEs in the  Roles of SMEs in an  Evaluating the roles of SMEs in an  ICT tools: internet
sized Enterprises economy economy economy  Newspaper cuttings
(SMEs)  JAWS
 Resource person
Survival and growth  identify enterprises survival and  Enterprise survival and  Discussing survival and growth  Relevant statutory
strategies of a growth strategies growth strategies strategies of an enterprise instruments
business enterprise
 Charts
Strategies of  explain strategies that can be used  Foreign markets entry  Evaluating strategies that can be
breaking into by enterprises to break into foreign strategies used by an enterprises for foreign
foreign markets markets market entry
TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Knowledge, NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGETSED

Managing growing  describe ways of managing a  Strategies to cope with  Explaining strategies of managing  Recommended
business enterprise growing business enterprise growing business a growing business enterprise textbooks
enterprise  Case studies
 Discussing the laws and  ICT tools: internet
Laws and  analyse the laws and regulations  Laws and regulations regulations in place governing  Newspaper cuttings
regulations that govern business enterprise governing business business enterprise startup and  JAWS
governing startup and operations enterprise startup and operations  Resource person
enterprises startup operations  Relevant statutory
and operations instruments
 Charts
Enterprise project  apply practical skills in effective  Strategies to effectively  Discussing effective ways of
running of a business enterprise run a business enterprise running a business enterprise
22
27
8.2.4 ENTERPRISE FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING

8.2.4 ENTERPRISE FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING
TOPIC OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Attitudes, Skills NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGESTED

Learners should be able to: and Knowledge) ACTIVITIES RESOURCES
Ratio analysis  explain the different types of  Accounting ratios such  Discussing accounting ratios  Financial statements
accounting ratios as :  Recommended
 calculate ratios from given data -profitability ratio  Calculating accounting ratios textbooks
 evaluate the importance of ratio -liquidity ratio  Interpretation of ratios  Charts
analysis in enterprise -investment ratio  Applying accounting ratio  JAWS
-Capital structure ratio information in decision making  Newspapers
 ICT tool
Investment  calculate Payback Period (PP),  Investment Appraisal  Calculating PP, NPV and ARR  Recommended text
Appraisal Net Present Value (NPV) and Techniques books
Techniques Average Rate of Return (ARR) -Payback Period  Debating on the advantages and  ICT tools
 evaluate the appraisal methods -Net Present Value disadvantages of each
-Average Rate of Return techniques
 explain the influence of
qualitative factors on final  Discussing qualitative factors on
investment decisions. investment decisions
Decision Trees  draw decision trees  Decision Tree Diagram  Drawing a decision tree diagram  Recommended
 Making decisions using a tree textbooks
 calculate expected value - elements of a decision diagram  Charts
tree diagram  Newspapers
 make decision using decision - expected value  Discussing the importance of  ICT tools
tree diagrams - probability decision trees in businesses
 evaluate the importance of
decision trees to a business
decision
Cost-Benefit  describe the concept of cost-  Cost-Benefit Analysis  Debating the advantages and  Recommended
Analysis (CBA) benefit analysis - Economic and Social disadvantages of cost-benefit textbooks
benefits analysis  Charts
 evaluate the importance of cost- - economic and social  Applying CBA to local projects  Newspapers
benefit analysis in business costs  ICT tools
Budgeting  discuss the importance of  Importance of budgets to  Evaluating the importance of  Recommended
budgeting in enterprises budget textbooks
23
29
 explain different types of an enterprise  Discussing different types of  Charts

budgets budgets  JAWS
 Types of budgets such as :  Preparing a sample budget  Newspapers
 ICT tools
- cash budget
- sales budget
- purchases budget
- master budget
TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Knowledge, skills and NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGESTED
Learners should be able to: attitude) ACTIVITIES RESOURCES
Human  explain the purpose and functions  HRM functions such as human  Discussing the HRM functions in a  Recommended
Resources of HRM in a business enterprise resources planning, recruitment, business organization textbooks
Management selection, training and development,  Holding simulations such as :  Charts
(HRM) job evaluation, remuneration, interviews, training, performance  JAWS
performance appraisal reviews,  Newspapers
 ICT tools
 discuss the role of human resource  Human resources planning:
planning in a business enterprise - Determining job demand  Discussing the role of human
- Job advertisement resource managers in human
- Job description resource planning
- Job specification  Preparing Human Resources tools
- Employment contract such as job descriptions, job
- Discipline advertisements
30
24
TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Knowledge, skills and NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGESTED
Learners should be able to: attitude) ACTIVITIES RESOURCES
 explain the function of Human  Labour/management relations:  Explaining management function  Recommended
Resources managers in - Labour legislation in labour relations textbooks
labour/management relations - Collective bargaining  Holding simulations such as :  Charts
- Dispute settlement hearings, termination of contract,  ICT tools
- Promotion of cooperation grievance handling procedure
between management and work-
force
 Assessing the stages in the

 analyse the stages in the  Need for negotiation negotiation process
negotiation process Stages in the negotiation process:
- Preparation
- Establishing the negotiating
environment
- Exploring needs
- Testing understanding and
summarizing
- Negotiating your position
- Reaching agreement
 distinguish between training and  Training and development  Differentiating between training  Recommended
development and development text books
 evaluate the different training  Assessing the appropriateness of  ICT tools
methods the different training methods
 assess the importance of  Discussing the significance of
training in a business enterprise training in business enterprise
 discuss the significance of job  Job evaluation  Assessing the importance of job
evaluation to a business evaluation
enterprise
 Discussing role of HRM in health
 explain the role of HRM  Health and safety and safety
pertaining to health and safety at
the work place
32
25


Marketing Mix  Explain the components of  Components of marketing  Describing market mix variables  Charts
marketing mix mix (7Ps)  Recommended text
- product books
- price  Journals
- promotion  Newspapers
 describe a product and its - place
features - physical evidence
- people  Identifying features of a product
 outline the new product - processes
development(NPD) process
 Product  Designing and developing a new
 illustrate the product life cycle features product
(PLC) model - new product
development (NPD)  Discussing the importance of
 evaluate the importance of NPD, - product life NPD ,PLC, packaging and
PLC, packaging and branding cycle(PLC) branding
- packaging
- branding
 evaluate factors influencing  Debating factors influencing
pricing decisions  Price: pricing decisions
Factors influencing pricing
decisions
- costs
- competition
- demand
- market condition
- business objectives
 evaluate the appropriateness of  Pricing Strategies  Discussing appropriateness of
different pricing strategies - penetration price pricing strategies
strategy
- skimming price
strategy
- price discrimination
- competitive pricing
33
26

 evaluate various promotional  Promotion  Describing various promotional
tools promotional tools tools
- advertising
- sales promotion
- direct marketing
- personal selling
- interactive/internet
marketing
- public
relations/publicity
 explain factors influencing  Promotional budget  Discussing factors influencing

promotional budget promotional budget
 evaluate different promotional  Promotional media and  Preparing a promotional budget

media and advertising agencies agencies such as radio, using the running project
internet, newspapers
 Promoting a school function or
 describe various distribution  Place product using various media
channels factors influencing choice of
distribution channels
 evaluate factors influencing - nature of product  Discussing the factors influencing
choice of distribution channels - costs, nature of the choice of distribution channels
market and their
location
- present distribution
method of the firm
- methods adopted by
competitors
segments of the market
served
 Assess the impact of each  Market diffusion and
marketing mix variables business product control
enterprise
 People
- recruitment of right
 Explain the importance of each staff  Evaluating the impact of market
34
27

marketing mix variable (7 Ps) - training of staff mix variable
- internal marketing
 Processes
- service delivery
procedures
- customer centredness
of procedures
 Physical Evidence
- ambience
- cleanliness
- signage
- structures
- equipment
 integrate the marketing mix  Integration of the  Discussing the interdependence

variables towards the success of marketing mix variables of the marketing mix variables
an enterprise
 Identify suitable market strategies
for a chosen local project
Product portfolio  explain the term product portfolio  Product portfolio planning  Discussing product portfolio  Charts
planning planning  Product portfolio planning planning  Recommended text
 evaluate the usefulness of models such as:  Analyzing Boston Matrix and books
product portfolio planning models - Boston matrix Ansoff Matrix  Journals
 apply product portfolio planning - Ansoff matrix  Implementing Boston Matrix and  Newspapers
models on enterprises Ansoff Matrix on enterprises
35
28

E-business and the  explain the concept of e-  E-commerce  Discussing the concept of e-  Charts
enterprise business - Business models such business  Recommended text
as B2B, B2C,B2G books
 evaluate the importance of e-  E-marketing  Describing with the aid of  ICT tools
business for an enterprise such as website, social examples e-marketing and e-
media, electronic media commerce
 conduct business online  Discussing the pros and cons of
conducting business online
36
29

Inventory  explain the role and purpose of  role and purpose of stock  Discussing the role and purpose  Recommended text
Management stock control within business control of stock control books
 ICT tools
 Local business
 identify the benefits and costs of  Stock holding benefits and  Discussing the benefits and cost of  Recommended text
holding stock and not holding costs holding stock and not holding stock books
stock  ICT tools
 Suggesting ways of reducing stock  Local businesses
 explain ways of reducing stock holding costs whilst minimising the
holding costs whilst minimising the risk of stock-out
risk of stock-out
 evaluate the different methods of  Stock control methods  Discussing the different methods of
stock control - Just in time stock control
 explain the use of stock control - Economic order  Managing project stock using
chart in inventory management quantity appropriate stock control methods
- Stock control chart
 examine the factors that influence  Factors determining level of  Researching and presenting on
the level of stock held by a stock held factors influencing the level of stock
business at any given point held by a business at any given
point
Quality control and  distinguish between quality control  Differences between quality  Differentiating quality control from  Recommended text
assurance and quality assurance control and quality quality assurance books
 discuss the importance of quality assurance  Discussing the advantages and 
control and quality assurance in  Importance of quality disadvantages of quality control in  ICT tools
production control production
 evaluate methods of quality control  Methods of quality control  Discussing the methods of quality  Local businesses
and quality assurance and quality assurance such control and quality assurance
as:  Visiting local manufacturing  Standards
Total quality management businesses Association of
- Quality assurance Zimbabwe
standards
37
30

- Benchmarking
- Training and
development
- Inspection and testing
- Quality circles
 Kaizen (continuous
improvement)
Critical Path  explain the main features of a  Features of network  Identifying elements of network  Recommended text
Analysis (CPA) network diagram diagram diagram books
- node  Explaining the elements of a  Local construction
- activity network diagram companies
- dummy  ICT tools
 calculate minimum project duration - critical activities  Calculating minimum
using given diagrams - non-critical activities project duration using given
- critical path diagrams
- float
 evaluate the significance of CPA  Discussing the usefulness of CPA
in an enterprise
Work study  explain the concept work study  Method study  Discussing concepts of method  Recommended text
 Time/Measurement study study and time/measurement study books
 evaluate the importance of work  ICT tools
study  Carrying out the studies local
business ventures
 Debating the significance of work

study in an enterprise
38
31
9.0 ASSESSMENT
9.1 ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES
Learners will be assessed on their ability to:

9.0 ASSESSMENT
• explain relevant terms used in Business and Enterprise Skills
9.1 ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES
• demonstrate knowledge of principles, techniques and ideas in Business and Enterprise Skills
• interpret information through numeracy and literacy
Learners will be assessed on their ability to:
• explain factors
analysesignificant relevanttoterms used
consider in in Business
business and
and Enterprise
enterprise Skills
situations
•  demonstrate knowledge of principles, techniques and ideas
apply knowledge , critical understanding and enterprising skills to business in Business and Enterprise Skills
situations
•  interpret information through
make informed decisions on enterprising issues numeracy and literacy
 analyse significant factors to consider in business and enterprise situations
• communicate business information in a logical and coherent manner
 apply knowledge , critical understanding and enterprising skills to business situations
• executeacquired
make enterprising skills inon
informed decisions business projects
enterprising in an ethical manner
issues
 communicate business information in a logical and coherent manner
9.2 SCHEME OF ASSESSMENT
 execute acquired enterprising skills in business projects in an ethical manner
The syllabus scheme of assessment is grounded on the principle of inclusivity. Arrangements, accommodations and
9.2 SCHEME OF ASSESSMENT
modifications should be visible in both continuous and summative assessment to enable learners with special needs
to access The
assessment.
syllabus scheme of assessment is grounded on the principle of inclusivity. Arrangements, accommodations and mo
continuous and summative assessment to enable learners with special needs to access assessment.
Continuous and summative assessment will be done in the theory, assignment and practical components of the
Continuous and summative assessment will be done in the theory, assignment and practical components of the syllabus
syllabus. Weighting
as follows:of the components are as follows:
Continuous
Continuous Assessment
Assessment 40% 40%
Summative Assessment
Summative Assessment 60% 60%
9.2.1 SPECIFICATION GRID
Paper Knowledge with Application % Analysis % Evaluation % Total

Understanding % %
1 10 10 6 4 30
2 10 8 7 5 30
Total 20 18 13 9 60
9.2.2 CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT

Continuous Assessment will comprise theory tests, projects and assignments as illustrated below:
Terms 1 2 3 4 5 6 Weighting %
Theory Tests 1 1 1 1 - 10
Assignments 1 1 1 1 1 - 10
Practical Projects 1 (20%) 20
TOTAL 40
9.3 SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

9.3 SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
Paper 1: Case Study
Paper 1: Case Study
The paper
The paperconsists of of
consists 2 sections
2 sections
Section
Section A: A:
Structured
Structured questions 40 marks
questions 40 marks
Section
Section B: B: 2 Case studies
2 Case studies 60 marks 60 marks
Time: 3 hours
Time:3 hours
Weighting: 30%
Paper 2: Essays 32
4 essays out of 10 will be answered 100 marks

The paper consists of 2 sections
Section A: Structured questions 40 marks
Section B: 2 Case studies 60 marks
Time: 3 hours
Weighting: 30%
Weighting: 30%
Paper 2: Essays
Paper 2: Essays
4 4essays
essaysout
outofof1010will
willbebeanswered
answered100 marks 100 marks
Time: 3 hours
Time: 3 hours
Weighting: 30%
Weighting: 30%
9.4 EXAMINATIONS
Title Duration Marks Weighting (%)
Paper 1 – Case Study 3 hours 100 30

Paper 2 – Essays 3 hours 100 30
33
9.5 ASSESSMENT MODEL
Business Enterprise Skills learning area will be assessed through continuous and summative assessment
Assessment of learner performance in Business Enterprise Skills 100%
Continuous assessment 40% Summative Assessment 60%
Profiling Theory Assignments Practical Paper 1: Paper 2:

Tests 10% 10% Projects 30% 30%
20%
Profile
Continuous assessment 40% Summative Assessment 60%
Exit
Profile
FINAL MARKS
Business Enterprise Skills100%
34

Business Enterprise Skills Syllabus: Forms 5 - 6

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Business Enterprise Skills Syllabus: Forms 5 - 6

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ZIMBABWE

MINISTRY OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION

Curriculum Development and Technical Services

© All Rrights Reserved

• The National Business Enterprise Skills Syllabus Panel

2.0 PRESENTATION OF SYLLABUS.......................................................................................................1

4.0 SYLLABUS OBJECTIVES..................................................................................................................2

5.0 METHODOLOGY AND TIME ALLOCATION.......................................................................................2

7.0 SCOPE AND SEQUENCE...................................................................................................................3

8.0 COMPETENCY MATRIX......................................................................................................................7

8.1 FORM 5................................................................................................................................................7

8.2 FORM 6................................................................................................................................................21

1.0 PREAMBLE 1.4 Assumptions

4.0 SYLLABUS OBJECTIVES 5.1.2 Time Allocation

The syllabus encourages learner-centred methods and

The need to impart enterprising skills, to promote sus-

The following methods are suggested.

7.0 SCOPE AND SEQUENCE

 Economic Systems  Ways of enterprising

7.2 TOPIC 2: ENTERPRISE FORMULATION AND GROWTH

 Forms of business enterprises  Measurement of business size

7.3 TOPIC 3: BUSINESS PLANNING

 Business enterprise objectives  Managing growing business enterprise

7.4 TOPIC 4: ENTERPRISE FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING

 Enterprise finance  Ratio analysis

7.5 TOPIC 5 : PEOPLE IN BUSINESS ENTERPRISES

 Management  Human Resource management(HRM)

7.6 TOPIC 6: MARKETS AND MARKETING

 Purpose of marketing for an enterprise  Marketing mix

7.7 TOPIC 7: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

7.7 TOPIC 7: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

 Nature of Production  Inventory management

8.0 COMPETENCY MATRIX

 demonstrate a culture of  A culture of enterprising  Developing a culture of enterprising in

 discuss the desirable  Characteristics of a  Evaluating the characteristics of

environment environment environment (SWOT,  Discussing the impact of internal and

Multinational  describe objectives MNCs  Objectives of MNCs  Outlining objectives of MNCs

 distinguish between resources  Difference between  Discussing the differences between

8.1.2 ENTERPRISE FORMULATION AND GROWTH

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVE CONTENT (Knowledge, SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES AND SUGGESTED

 explain forms of privatisation  Privatisation,  Discussing concepts of

 Describing the forms of assistance

8.1.3 BUSINESS PLANNING

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVE CONTENT (Knowledge, SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES AND SUGGESTED

8.1.4 ENTERPRISING FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING

8.1.4 ENTERPRISING FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVE CONTENT (Knowledge, SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES AND SUGGESTED

Users of  evaluate the usefulness of  Users of Accounting  Identifying users of accounting

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVE CONTENT (Knowledge, SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES AND SUGGESTED

 Preparing financial statements for

Depreciation  explain the concepts of  Provision for  Discussing the concept of

8.1.5 PEOPLE IN BUSINESS ENTERPRISES

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Knowledge, NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGESTED

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Knowledge, NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGESTED

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Knowledge, NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGESTED

8.1.6 MARKETS AND MARKETING

8.1.6 MARKETS AND MARKETING

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Knowledge, NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGESTED

 discuss the importance of  Participating in virtual markets

 demonstrate ability to interpret  Data presentation  Analysing research data and

TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES CONTENT (Knowledge, NOTES AND SUGGESTED SUGGESTED

8.1.7 OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

8.1.7 OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT