§ 4. H3Y4EHME MPOLW|ECCA PABOTBI K KOHCTPYKUMM MALUMH THITA 22 KII. TIM3 .HasHayenne MallnKH Mawuna 22-A xa. TIM3. Npemuasnavena fA BLINOMHEHHA pasHo- o6pasHHx onepauHii npH UsroTOBAeHHH GembA, MerKOTO TaTbA, BepXx- Hel OM@KAH H3 XOMYATOOYMAKHBIX, WeNKOBBIX TKaHel, TpHKOTAaK- HOO MOMOTHA H HEKOTOPbIX ApyrHx MaTepHaJioB. Crpouka mpsmomuHehnan, cocToallan M3 CTEKKOB YeNHOUHOTO nepenserenua. Mmeetca yctpoiicrBo Aa M3MeHeHHa HaNpaBeHHA 10 qauv Matepuada (HanpHMep, NpH 3akpenke BOB). Mattmua uMeer naockyio naathopmy. Tonoska MaumMHEI ycraHoB- neHa Ha paGouem crone, K HwkHei M1OcKOCTH KPBILIKH cTOma TPH: 68Kpenfen mpusof, coctostmi ua sAeKTpofButatena co BcTpoeHHoh paxunonnoi Myo. Ynpasrenne mpHBosoM nefambHOe. Kpome Mawwu 22-A xa., [logonpckui Mexanuuecku 3aBOf BEI- hyckaer elle culenyroulve BapHaHTb! Mallu Ha STOM xe Ga3e. Mawuna 22-6 xa. Tipenuasuavena 2a witha H3fenHit H3 TOHKEX TKaHei (COpOuKH, NaTbA, Senbe Hu T. J.). Baaroqapa HamM4nio Mexa- HH3M4 OTBOAKM UinynekepKatena 9Ta MalIMHa NO3BONAeT NOAYYATb CTPO¥KH C PaBHOMePHOM 3aTAKKON cTeKKOB, He 3aBHCAUeH OT CKO- pocru (uHca O6opoTos) MauIHHEI. Mauwuna 22-B xa. TipeqHasnauena 218 OXHOBpeMeHHOTO BHITIONHe- HHA AByX onepaunii—crayMBauua u OOpeskH Kpad wea. Mamnna HMeeT QONONHHTENBHO MeXaHH3M HOKAa M NPHMeHAeTCA MPH H3TOTOB- Je@HHH H3kenHh U3 TKAaHeH KOCTIOMHO MH MabTOBOH rpynn. Mawuna 22-E xa. lpequasnauena Aa BeInOAHeHHA AByX Mapan- JNbHLIX ONepaluuit—crawuBaHua HM OOpesKH Kpaa Reranel sy6uu- KaMH. OTH MAUIMHKI MpHMeHSIOT, HallpuMep, pH usroTOBIeHHH MaaTbeB W3 MawOOCHINaioulMxca TKanel (KpenmemMH, MaHOapxaT u ap.). Ucnomsopanne STHX M@UIHH MOSBOACT HCKJIIOYHTh Nociezyio- TaGauna 4 Texnmueckan xapaxTepuctaKa mamnH 22 Kaacess manu Tloxasatena 22-4, 2-5 2B 2k HanSomstuee sucao oGoporo® ragnuoro nana 8 amas Crewoe’ (iar nojjaaw watepal i 0+ JanGoibwaA TOAUBHA CLINBAeMBIX M: repaaaoD, 6 4 MM. Tlomnei npuxnwaiome nit 9 9 Hira: no TOCT 7322-65. . : Tuna 3-E Tuna 3-E M90 130 | Ne 90> Ewxocts umyapkn, © xaomaroSynancuunn surat Ne 30. 40 40 me Ne 40 60 > 60. 70 70 > 80 100 100 Buner pyvana, Mit. 260 aaMepht TMATOpMEs, MM Was ewe eet sees : 418 46 auapan 473 473 Macca (eee) rososxin wauinuts, Kr | 2 2 Paswepsi pasovero eroma, mut 1100 i100 650 650 780 + 990 780 + 980 | ‘BHCC 060] mRyTY | 1400 pacha Pepa aki clei bs: ie Brenan - " To me; jo’ sayrpentien ‘ami Sy6i = = opma syouoy ‘paBHoctopouuHe Tpeyron tur cropon Korepuie, seowen of Wara NORE a MATEDEO IA: a” ubeueih'ipbaicoe - - 3,75 + 6,00 Paceronune (sa20p) “eakay” auixieh’ xpowKon Homa H uronbHon TuacrHRKOR MPH BUITO- ‘YeHHOM MeXaHHSMe HO! . - 10 XOM WOM, MM. es = 9ilyio onepaliti0 nO OOMeTHIBAHHIO t1BOB Ha crautparoule-o6MeTOUHELX MallMnax. Texuwyueckad XapakTepucTHKa MauiMH 22 Ka. npuBemeHa B TAaO.. 4, Kparkoe OnnMcalhe KOHCTpyKWMkh MalKH Mauwuxa 22-A ka. B MalinHe HMeloTCA caelyloulMe OcHOBHBIE MeXaHH3MbI: Me€X@HH3M HPJAbl KPHBOUIHMHO-WaTYHHOrTO THMa, B KOTOPOM HIMOBOLUTENb ABAETCA TO/3YHOM; MeXaHH3M HHTENPHTATHBATeAA—MNO CrpyKType ABAA- eTCa YeTLIPeX3BEHHHKOM KPHBOUIHNHO-KOPOMBICOBOTO THNa, B KOTO- POM pbluar HHTeNpHTATHBaTeAA ABAAETCA WATYHOM; MexXaHH3M YeTHOKA HMeeT IBC ay6uaTble nlepewauv, NpH flo- MOULM KOTOPBIX YeNHOKY MepemaercA OT raBHOrO Bala paBHOMepHoe BpalileHve C nepegaTOuHbIM OTHOMeHHEM i= 1 : 2; MeX@HH3M ABUraTetA MaTepuada (Mogan) peeyHoro THA. Ha puc, 33 noka3aHa KOHCTpyKTHBHad CXeMa MaUIMHBI. Tnapubiit Ban J MalIHHbl NpHBOAHTCA BO BpalleHHe WIKHBOM 2, CBA3AHHEIM CO LUKHBOM IIpHBofa peMeHHon nepemayei. Ban umeet 1Bé ONOpbl CKOJbKeHHA — BTynkH 3 u 4. Ha nepemHeM KOHUe Basia 3a- kKpenlen kKpxBoumn 5 c npotuposecom. B KpHBouHne nocpeqcTBoM AByX BHHTOB KpenutTca “BowHOR mazex 6. Ha HapyxHoH meiike TlaJibiia WapHHPHO MoOCaxKeHa BepXHAA TOMOBKa WaTyHa 7 urao- BOnUTeJA. Hwxkuaa ronopka watyHa WapHHpHO coezMHeHa c nandoh nambya 8 urmosogutens, %*KeCTKO 3aKpenseHHOro Ha MrMOBOANTeTe 9 BUHTOM 10. Urnosogutenb copepuiaeT BOsBpaTHO-NOCTynaTeNbHOe ABHKeHHE c xonom H=2r, rae r—paccTomHue Mexkay OcbIO raBHorO Bawa Ocbio HapykHOrO Natbua AeTanu 6. HanpaBasiouMMH urAoBOAUTeAA cayxat Brymka // u 12. Ha konwe HraoBO_MTeMA MPH NOMOLLM BHHTAa 13 kpenutca uraogepxKatenb 14, npH MoMOLM KOTOporo 3a%KHMaeTCA uraa, Ppruar HHTCNPHTATHBATeAA 15 WaPHHPHO CBA3aH HH)KHHM M0Ca- HOUWHBIM OTBepcTHeM Cc BHYTPeHHel wefKoH nampa 6, a BepxXHHM c Kopombicuiom 16, KoHel, KOTOPoro WiapHHpHO MpHKpenseH K rosOBKe pyKaBa MauIHHBI. UYennounoe ycrpofictBo coctout 43 yenHoKa 1/7 (puc. 34), umyae- Repxatenn 18, wnyabHoro KomnauKa 19 n unyabKH 20, Ilnyabuplit KOmMaYOK BMeCTe CO LNYAbKOM BKMAaDbIBaIOT B WTyse- Repkateb, re OH yhepxKuBaeTcA cheuHanbHoh sauenkol. Unyae- HepKatedb MOMelleH BHYTPH BPalllaloujerocA yeTHOKA, HO He Bpallla- eTCa C HHM, TaK Kak YU@pKHBaeTCA YCTAHOBOYHEIM Nabem 21, KOTO- pblii HeMOABMXKHO NpHKpenen K naaTopMe MaLIHHEI. Ha vemHoke 3akperliena nmactuna 22, cayKalllad 2A HanpaBsjle- HHA NeTH B Mpolecce OGpasoBaHuA cTexKa, H NOMyKOMbUO 23, ymep- *KHBaloulee WINyekepKaTelb B YeNHOKe, HO NMOSBOIAIOMLee YeHOKy NoBepTbBaTbcA BOKpyr wnyvieqepxatensa. Ha wnybHoM koanauKe ycTaHoBieHa npyxkuHa 24 faA perymHpoBKH HaTMKeHHA HHDKHEM 70WL “iM y-3s MHHMeW eWexd weHEHLHAdLoHOYy ‘gE ‘ONGHHMTKH NpH MOMOWH BHHTa P. UenHoK 3akpenmeH Ha YeAHOUHOM Ba- aMKe TpeMA YCTaHOBOWHEIMH BAHTaMy. Uennounpii BanuK 25 (cM. pc. 33) nonyyaeT BpauleHHe MpoTuB qacoBoli cTpeiKH OT raaBHOTO Basa NOCpeACTBOM AByx Map KOHH¥e- cKHX sy6uaTbIx nepenay 26 n 27 u BanuKa 28 c O6mHM NepexaTOUHLIM oTHomennem 1:2. 3y6uarble Komeca nomeulensl B Kaptepst 29 u 30, sanonHennte ry- ¢cro# cMa3Kkoi. Beprukasbuplii Banuk 28 uMeeT Be ONOpHble BTyIKH 31 w 32. Uennounnii Banu onupaerca Ha BryaKu 33 u 34. Tipompwkewwe ckpenaaembx yeTasel ocyujecTBaserca mABuraTe- aleM MatepHaa 35, umelomlumM opmy sy6uaToH rpeGenku (peliku) 4 Puc. 34. Yennounoe ycrpoficrso mautmupi 22-A xa. TIM3 TlepeMeLLalOWIHMCA B popes HFOJIbHOM M1acTHHKH. Z[surarenb MaTe- pana sakpenaen Ha piyuare 36. Ipozonpubie mepemetlenva stor pbi- uar nosyuaeT OT Balla Nomadn 387, C KOTOPbIM OH WiaPpHHPHO CBA3aH TOcpeAcTBOM KOHYCHEIX KeHTPOBEIX BHHTOB 38. Tlogbem u onycKanne ppyara ‘OcyMecTBAAIOTCA KOPOMBICJIOM 39, YCTaHOBJIeCHHBIM Ha Bally noxpema 40, Ha Konlle KopoMbicaa saxpensena ocb. Ha Hee cBo6onHO HafeT pomHK, BXONAUMA Bas phluara WBHTaTenA MaTepHana. Tlosopotubie ABWXKeHHA Bal Nomyyaer oT matyHa 4/, ronoBKa KOTOpOrO OXBAaTbIBaeT NPaBylO YaCTb ABOHHOFO SKCWeHTpHKa 42, 3a- kpenienHoro Ha raaBHom Bay. Ha sesyio 4YacTb akcleutpHKa 42 Hafleta MaHxKera (nomsyH) 43, BxXO“sIad B BHIKY WaTyHa-KyMcpI 44, Hwxuwit Kowey, WaTyHa-KyJHCbI WapHHpHo COeMMHeH C KOPOMBICIOM 45, 3akpeneHHbiM Ha Bany nogaun 37, a B BepXHeM YacTH maTyH- kyauca 44 mwapHApHo cBa3aH Cc KOpoMbicaom 46, KOTOPOe B CBO ONe- Pexb nocpencTBOM wapHupa 47 mpucoenuHeHo K pbidary 48 perysa- Topa AAHHBI cTexKKOB. Yron NOBOpoTa Baa Noma, a Ce_oBaTeNbHO, H BeJIHUHHA NpOMObHOTO NepeMenleHHaA pbiuara ABMraTelA MaTepHana 3aBHCAT OT NoMOKeHHA OcH Waplupa 47: yeM G6ombUIe yron Mexny Kopombiciom 46 H OCbIO WaTyHa-KysNcb, TeM Gombe OceBbIe mepe- MeULCHHA WaTyHa-KyJIHChl, H CeQOBaTeJIbHO, yro NOBOpoTa Basa mO- 72au. [Monoxente mapnupa 4? onpeneanetca nosomentem puluana 48 u uKcHpyeTcA KOHUOM ycTaHoBouHOrO BHHTa peryAATOpa cTexK- kop 49. Paar peryaatopa crexKoB MOKeT NoBepTHBaTECA Ha Map- uupHoM BuHTe 50 nog gelicrBHeM pLluara Hepekmovenua HanpaBnenua nogaun 51. Tpyxkuna 62, naxumas wa BTopoe naeu0 piluara 5/, ymep- 2«uBaeT pbuar 48 B Kpaiiuem meBOM NOm0%«KeHUH, Tipu nopopote pi- yara 51 B Kpalivee HwxKHee NonomeHHe puuar 48 mepeMecTuTes.. B kpaikee npaBoe nowoxKenke, a wapHup 47 saiimer npu 3TOM MOMO- 2keHHe 0 Apyry1 cTOpony oT OcH WaTyHa KysHCbI, G2aronapa YeMy U3MEHHTCA Halpaplenue NoMaw MaTepHana (puc. 35). B ucxoqHoe nlosioxkenue phar 5/ Bosppaua- eTcd NOX AeHcTBHeEM NpyxXHHbI - 52 (cm. puc. 33). Ha xkonye ycratosoynoro Bunta 49 2xecTKO sakpensen AuCK CO UWIKanoH, NO KoTOpoH ycTavaBauBaloT Tpe6yemylo AnH- Hy crexka. Koney punta 49, OnMpasch B BBICTYNbI ronOBKH pbiuara 48, duxcupyet Kpaiiune mojoxKeuns pbyara, CooTBeTcT- Byloulwe onpexeneHHIM moN0- 2KeHHAM wapHupa 47, ®opma BBICTYNOB Ha PONOBKe pbluara 48 oGecneuuBaeT coxpaHeHHe AWH- Hbl CTeKKa Mp mepemeHe Ha- mpapaenua Tozaun. TipwkuMuaa Janka mpuKpen- dlewa K crepxHi0 53 (cM. puc. 33). Bepxnaa HanpaBasiomlad crepx- Puc, 35, Cxema mexaHH3ma nogaun MaTepHana MauiMuss 22-A Ka, TIM3: @—upH o6patHoA nogaye; 6 —npx mpamom nonave HA BEINOMHeHa B BAe BHHTa 54, HWKHHH KOHL, KOTOporo ynH- paetca B npyxkuny 55. Bropok konen npyXHHbI ONMpaeTca Ha HanpaB- amowHi Kymayox 56 crepKuA sank. TaxuM o6pa3om, NocpezcTsom sunTa 54 MoxKHO peryupoBaTh aBmeHHe manku Ha Matepuan. Jaa nogbema Jlanku cayxuT piuar 57. Kpome Toro, nox cTomOM MalMHbL yctaHosjex ppruar 58; npu HaxkaTHH KOJeHOM Ha ero TapeaKy OH MOBO- paunpaetca, uw ynop 59 noBopayuBaer yrnoBok pbiuar 60, cBasaHHblit ¢ ppiuarom 61. Jlesnii Kone pbruara mocpezcTBOM cepbra 62 nofHH- MaeT Kponuitelin 63, KoToppli ynupaetca B kyaayoK 56 H NoqHHMaeT cTep2keHb Wanku. B MallHHe MPHMeHsAeTCA WaPHHpHad Janka, YTO NO3BONAeT o6pa- GaTbIBaTh WEbI C YTOMMEHMAMH, He NPHNOAHHMad TaNKH. Ha nepeqvem KoHDe AankH OOLIHHO HMeeTCA MpemOxpaHHTenb OT Mpokosa nasbues. . Tas PeryJHpOBKH HaTAKeHHA BepxHeit HHTKH CAYKHT CMeWHab- Hoe yctpolictso (puc. 36), cocrosmee 43 nol BUHTOBOH wnMeKH J, AByX wai6 “2, Mexmy KOTOPBIMH MpOXOAHT HHTKa, WH HapyrXuoli mai6n 3. Hapyxuaa wak6a umeer nepempuky w npwaKHMaeTcA , 3K BHyTpenHei waitGe 2 npyxnuoi 4, Ha KOTOpyl0 HaxKHMaeT pefryH- posoynan raiika 5, BuyTpH wmuabkw nomeuleH TOHKHH cTep>xKeHb 6, yNmpaouiica ORHHM KOHIOM B MepeMbIYKy HapyXHOH wail, a Mpy- THM B BePTHKaIbHoe Meyo pbluara 7, nocueqHu nerko noBOpayH- BaeTcA Mp MOMbeMe MaNKA MW MOcpeAcTBOM cTepxKHA 6 oTKHMaeT wmai6y, ocBo6oxnaa HuTKy. Ha TOM xe ycTpolicTBe 3akpenena Mmpy- xuHa 8, BbIGUPalolad H36bITOK BepXHei HHTKH pH ONyckaHHH HUTe- 2 3 a4 g Ay See Mie SN Puc. 36. Peryantop wataxkenua BepxHel HuTKH Mauuubt 22-A xa. I, nputsrupatena. [IpH ABWKeHHH HTeNPWTArHBaTeMA BBepx 9Ta Npy- oKwHa BCNencTBHe ynpyrol AedopMaluu KOMMeHCHpyeT HemocTaTOK AJIMHbI HHTKH. Mawuna 22-B xa. Jlauvaa Mauna oTavyaeTca oT MauIHHbt 22-A KM, TOAbKO HasM4HeM QONOAHNTebHOTO MeXaHH3Ma OTBOAKH umnyegepxatens. Ha puc. 37 noKa3aHa KOHCTPYKTHBHAaA CxXeMa STOTO Mexanu3Ma. Ha sBany nognema / mp MOMOMIH BHHTa 3aKpenmeHo Kopombico 2, KoTOpoe Yepe3 COeMHHUTeIbHOe 3BeHO 3 nepenaeT BOSBPaTHO-NOCTYMaTeIbHble JBHKEHHA KopoMbicay 4, 3aKpeneHHoMy Ha Banuxe 5. Ha BropoM KoHUe 9TOrO BaAHKa 2KeCTKO NpH NOMONIN wmunbku (uTHpta) 3aKpenseH oOTBOAYHK 6, HOCHK KOTOPOrO BXOQHT 14B BHpes GopTHKa WinyenepxatenA WH NOBopawwpaet ero Ha HeOOMb- Wok yrom HaBCTpe¥y ABHXKeHHIO YeETHOKA B Te MOMeHTHI, KOrAa NeTAA HrOMbHOH HATKH BBITATHBaeTCA HUTENPHTATHBaTeMeM H MIpOXOAHT Me- XY ycTaHOBOYHBIM TabueM w NpaBol CTeHKOH ma3a wnyseqepxa- teqa. OOpa3yiollviicn NpH 9TOM 3a30p NO3BOMAeT HUTKe MPOXOLHTb > 6e3 MOMOAHHTEADHBIX CONPOTHBNeHHH, YTO COCO6cTByeT HOPMaJIbHOMY HepensereHHio HHTOK B CTeKKe NPH Pas/IM4HbIx pexKHMaX pa6orsr MaLIHHLI. Heo6xoiumMaa cHHpasHocTb paGoTbl MexaHH3MOB OTBOAKH H 4es- HOKa MOCTHraeTCA COOTBETCTBY!OWeH ycTaHOBKOH KOpoMbIcia 2 Ha Basly mogpema I, Puc. 37. Cxema mMexaHi3Ma OTBOAKH unynenepmatera Maummnst 22-B xa, TIM3 Tlpapuabioe nonoxkenve HOCHKa OTBOMYHKa OTHOCHTeAbHO wWINyse- Repxatena o6ecneynBaetca cooTBeTcTBylolleh ycTaHOBKol BanHkKa 5 OTHOCHTeIbHO KopoMuicaa 4, CnenyeT WMeTb B BHAY, YTO HabwyullMe ycnOBNA AMA Mmpoxona HeTAH OKOO YcTaHOBOYHOTO Maybia cosmaloTCA Tora, KOrAa MEI) naqbueM H 1a30M wnywegepxKateia OyXeT OMHHAKOBBIH 3a30p Cc TO! W apyrol cropount. B cBa3v C TeM, ¥TO epxatetb 7 BryzKH 8, B KOTOpEI noMeleH Banuk 5, KpenuTca K MviaTopMe, HH2KHAA MOCKOCTh ee NPHAHBa o6paGorana. Stum naathopMa Mawuub 22-B ka. ormmyaetca OT maT- popme: Mammusi 22-A ka. Mawuna 22-B xa. Jlannan Mawmua otmwuaetca oT MauMHel 22-A KJ, HaHUWeM JONOAHHTeMbHOrO MexaHH3Ma—HOMKa aa oOpeskn Kpasl Matepnasa. Ha pac. 38 noka3aHa KOHCTpykKTHBHaA cxXeMa 9TOTO MeXaHHaMa. ‘Kpwsoumn c npotupopecom / c npasoi croponbi uMeet o6pa6oran- HY!O UMAMHAPHYECKy!O MOBEPXHOCTb, PaCNONOXKeHHy!O SKCHEHTPHYHO lO OTHOUWeHHIO K OCH raBHOTO Basa. Ha sty wiwuapuueckyio yacth KpHsowmna (9KCUeHTPHK) HageTa MaHXKeTKa 2, KoTOpyio OXBaTbIBaeT BuKa (Kysmuca) 3, %KeCTKO 3a- KpelvieHHaa Ha BaquKe 4, ycTaHoBsenHoM B Kponuiteline 5. Ha apy- TOM KOHUe BaluKa MocpexCTBOM BUHTa 6 3aKpenseH pbluar nombeMa wrtanrH 7, Ha KoHue SsToro pbiyara ycTaHoBseHa nognpy2kHHeHHaA minuabKa 8, KxoTopan Moa felicrBHem mpy:xwHEI 9 npwxKHMaerca k uTanre /0 Homa, Ha HapyXHbii Konel STO WIMMADKH HaBepHyTa . Brafika 11, yepxKuBaloulad WNWABKYy OT BLINaqanHa HM cAyKallan Aa OTTATHBAHHA LWINHIBKH MPH BHIKMIOYeHHH LITAHTH Hoa. B pa6ouem nonoxKeHHH, T. e. IPH BKIIOUeHHOM HOxe, mpaBbili Ko- Hey WnHALKH 8 BXOAUT B BepXHHH KOPOTKHH BbIpes WITAHTH HOKAa u TIpH MOBOPOTHBIX ABHKeHHAX PbIMara 3acTaBAReT ONycKaTBCA HM Nog- Puc 38. Mexanu3m Hoxwa Maun 22-B ka. TIM3: @—Hox BKaONCH; 6 —RepxHee mMonoKeHHe HOKa, @— HOK BRIKAIOWEH HHMATECA UWITAHTy, KOTOpam MepeMelllaetca B HanpaBsaioulem nasy TONOBKH PyKaBa MallHHBt. Ha HwkHeM KoHue UITaHrH AByMa BuHTaMH 1/2 KpenHTca mepxKa- ten 13, k KoTopomy BuHTamu 1/4 u mai6oH 15 Kpenutca nox 16, HywxkuuM HoxKOM caykut macruuka 17, KoTOpad KpeNHTCA Ha Hrosb- HoH nuactunke 18. C apyroh cropoubl HoxKa Ha HTOMbHOH nacTHHKe Kpenutca 3aqBMxKHad naactHnka 19, HMelOUaA HaKMOHHyw noBepx- HOCTb Ait COpacbiBaHua OOpesKoB TKaHH. K xepxatemo Hoa BAHTOM Kpenutca pyyka 20, caymxamlaa nan OnycKaHHA UITaKTH MpH BKJIOVeHHH HOKa H AIA MepeMetlenua nep- 2KaTeiA Mp peryupopKe NonoxKenua Howa. Bunt 2/, ppepHytelit 76 'B mepxaTenb, CBOHM KOHIOM ymHpaeTCA B HOK H STHM o6ecnewHBaeT ero npuxatie K MWlacTHHKe 17, Tipu BEKmoueHHH Hoa wnHnDKa 8 OTTATHBaeTCH BuIeBO. Tipx 9TOM WiTaHra HOKa Nox AelicrsvemM mpyxunbl 22, Hanetok Ha HampaB- Jiniouuit cTepkeHb 23, nomHHMaeTCA BBepX. Puc. 39. Mexanw3m Hoxka Mauuup 22-E xa. TIM3 7aa BkmovenHA HOKa B padoTy HaxuMaloT Ha pyyKy 20 H ony- cKalOT UlTahry oO Tex NOp, NOKa KONE, WMHJbKH He Nolaet B BepXx- HHA KOPOTKHA BbIpes MITAHTH. Tipu BKJIOUCHHOM HOKE MalHHa MOKET pa6otaTb c nogzayeit MaTepHasa TOKO B IPAMOM JIHHeMHOM HanpaBeHHH, OMHaKO 3a- KpeNky B KOHUe CTPOYKH MOXKHO BEINOAHATb H MPH BKMIOYeHHOM HOKE. 7aA usmenenna paccTonHHa Mexy cTpo¥Ko M e3BHeM HOA HYKHO CMeHHTb nviacTHHKy /7 (kK MallMHe mpHaarawTca Ape Ma- CTHHKH C paccronHHem 3 v5 MM). Tlocne samenst naacranxu /7 nyxHo nepegBHHYyTb M 3aQBHAKHYIO naactuHKy 19 Tak, yToObl OHa NAOTHO NpHxKHMaNacb K nuactuHKe J7, : 7SatemM Hy2KHO MpaBHABHO ycTaHOBHTb HOR B MonepewHoM HanpaBse- HHH OTHOCHTeMbHO MaactHHKH 17, Jina storo cayxaT BuHTEI 12. Tina peryauposku nono%KeHHA HOxKa NO BbICoTe culemyeT OCBOGO- AUT. BHHTEI 14, BXOZAMIMe B MpOpesb HOKAa H CMECTHTh HOMK OTHOCH- TeMbHO Repxatena 13, Tlpu npapiabHok ycraHoBke BKNOYeHHEI HOR, 3aHHMaA BepxHee TMOMOKeHHe, CBOHM HH2KHHM BBICTYNOM CjlerKa NMepeKpbiBaeT perkKy- ulylo KpoMKy maactunkn 7. Mawuna 22-E xa. Koucrpykiua MeXaHu3MoB HIJbl, HATeMpHTArH- BaTeA, YeNHOKa M Noa MaTepHasa B STOH MalMHe He OTAMYAeTCH OT aHaJOrHYHbIX MeXaHH3MOB MaliuHbt 22-A kn. MexaHH3M OTBORKK uimny sleep aTerA ToT Ke, YTO H B MalMHe 22-B Ka. OcoGeHHocTbIo KOHCTPyKUHH MallHHbl 22-E ka. aBaeTca HamMaHe Me€XaHH3Ma HOMKA JJIA BbICCUKH 3y6u0B NO Cpe3aM_CTauHBaeMbIx WeTa- ae. Ha puc. 39 moka3aHa KOHCTpyKTHBHad CxXeMa MeXaHH3Ma HOKa. Or raapHoro Basa J yepe3s napy BHHTOBLIX 3yOuaTbIx Konec 2 nu 3 ¢ MepeqaTOuHbIM OTHOWeHHeM i=3:1 Bpaulenve nepenaetca BamuKy 4, Ha KOTOPOM X%ecTKO sakpeneH KyaayoK 5. Otot kymayoK nepemaet ApuxkenHe pbluary 6, ORHH KOHeM KOTOPOTO WapHHpHO NpHcoeRHHeH K KOpnycy MallHHbI, a KO BTOPOMY KOHILy WapHApHO KpenHtca ceppra 7, BBHHYeHHaA B HOX-nomsyH 8, nepeMemalomuiica B HaNpaB/AIOWIHX. Hox TpexrpaHHbti, KoHel ero BXOAHT B TpeyrombHOe OTBepcTHe TWIaCTHHKH, ABMAIOWeHCA HHKHHM HOXKOM. Hywxuaa naacTHHka nox RelicraveM MIpyXXHHbI BCerfa IpHXKMMaeTCA K PexXyMMM rpalaM Bepx- Hero HOKAa, YTO OGecMeyHBaeT AMHTebHyIO paboTy HOxKek 6e3 3a- TOUKH. Hox AeaaeT OHO ABH2KeHHE BHH3 H BBEPX 3a TPH OOopoTa r1aB- Horo Bawa MawuHbI. [pops kynauKa 5 paccuntaH TakHM OOpasom, uTo paGount XoM HORA NMPOHCXOMHT 3a BpeMs, Kora MaTepHas He- nogsmKex. [pwxenve BBepx pbtuar 6 copepulaer nog AelicrBHem mpy- 2KHH 9. [laa BbIKMIOueHHA Homa cAyKUT pyKoaTKa 10, nocpeacTBOM KOTOpol H3MeHAeTCA NOMOmeHHe pomuKa 1] oTHOCHTembHO pblyara 6, Sanpapka HXTOK B MawMHe Y scex MauluH 22 Ka. 3anpaBKy HUTKH NpPOH3BOMAT OMHHAaKOBO. Bepxui0w HHTKY C KaTYUIKH HAH GOOHHH 3anpaBaAOT B uTTy B caenylomem mopsaKe: 1) B Kaxkoe H3 Tpex OTBepCTHH HHTeHaNpaBuTenA Ha pyKaBe MalHHbI, HaYHHaA CBepXy; 2) BHM3 c MpaBoH cCTOpoHb! MexAy walOamu peryinTopa HaTA- 2KeHUA; 3) K mpy2xkHHe HaTaxKeHHA BepxHeli HUTKH (KOMNeHCaTOpHaa mpy- oKuHa), OrHOas ee CBepxy; 4) nog pbiuar HuTeHanpaBuTena; 5) BBepx yepes HUTeNpemOxpaHuTenb; 6) cnpaBa Hayeso yepe3 riasoK HUTeNpHTArHBaTeAA; 7) BHM3 Yepe3 HUTeHANpaBATeNb Ha PPOHTOBOM MocKe; 8) uepes HMKHHA HHTeHANpaBUTeRb Ha CpOHTOBOM MocKe;9) yepes HHTeHANpAaBHtenD fom HfAOMeprKaTeneM; 10) cepa HaMpaBo 4epes yuiKo Hrabt. Kowel, HHTKH AaMHOH oxon0 100 MM OTBOA_AT NOx NpwxKHMHYyIO aanky. Hts 2k 1 1010 HHTKY MpeqBapvTeMbHO HaMaTHIBalOT Ha LINYy.JbKy, ‘KoTopyl0 3aT€M BKJaNbIBaOT B LINYAbHbIM KOMaYOK H BMecTe C HAM ycraHaBuHBaloT B Unynexepxarene. Hamorky HHTOK Ha UlnyibKy MpOH3BOAAT Ha cnelHanbHOh MO- Taqke, KOTOpad ycTaHOBNeHa c MpaBo CTOpOHbL Ha cTOAe MaLIHHEI, non MaxosHKom. 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Hamorannyl0 WNybKy ycTaHaBAMBaIoT B LINYAbHBI KOAMAaYOK H SanpaBaAloT HUTKY Yepes Mpopesb KOMMayKa NOM NpyxXHAy HaTAKe- Hua, OObINHO WIMybKa yCTaHaBJIMBaeTCA TaKHM O6pa30M, 4TOOLI Ha- Mpapsene ee BpallleHHA Obi10 MpOTHBOMOAOKHO HaNpaBeHHio cMa- THBaHHA, Mpouece o6pazopanns YenHouHOro creKKa B o6pasopanuu yenHouHOro cremKa yyacTByIOT CHexyiollnHe pa6o- ane HHCTpyMeHTEI: urda, ClyKalllad Wa mpoKona MaTepHana H MpoBenenua yepes Hero BepxHeh (MPOABHOH) HUTKH; YeNHOK, ClyKalHh Aa 3axBaTa NeTAH MFOMbHOM HUTKH, pac- mupeHua ee 4 O6BOMa NeTaM BOKpyr UinyabKH c HaMOTaHHOK HHxK- Hef (YeRHOWHOM) HUTKON; HHTeCNPHTATHBATEeAb, HEOOXOLMMbIA Aa NOLAay HFOMbHOM HATKH B Mpolecce O6pasoBaHna cTexKa; ABuraTeab MaTepHada, cayKauW AAA MepHogzuyeckoro NepeMellleHua MaTepHasa B MOMeHT, KOrfa Hraa HaXOAMTCA Ha MaTe pHa; Wank a, NpwxKAMalollad MaTepHan K OBHFaTeTI0 MaTepHana B MO- MeHTbL NepeMellleHHA HM yiep%XHBaloulad MaTepHas NP BbIXOAe HB Hero HIvIbI. Bsanmogelicraue STHxX pa6ouvxX HHCTpyMeHTOB BHAHO H3 paHee paccMOTpeHHo wHKsorpammbEr (cm. pc. 6 Ha Il crp.), mpem- CTABIAIOWH COBMelleHHbIe rpaduKn mepemewenuhk pa6ounx HHCTpy- MECHTOB MALIHHBI 34 OHH KHHEMATHYeCKH WK (OHH OGOpoT riaB- - Horo Bana). Ha puc. 40 noxasaHbl noaomenua pa6oynx opraHoB B mpouecce o6pasopanug crexKa. Tlpokoniop MatepHad # ONycTHBUIHCb B KpaliHee HKHee Mos0%Ke- uve, Hla MomHHMaeTca Ha BemHYMHy AZ H CO CTOPOHbI YeMHOKa Ha ne OOpasyerca neTaA-HaNyCk, B KOTOpy!0 BXOAMT HOCHK YeNHOKa (3a- xBaT Nev, puc. 40, a). [lpa manpHelimem nosopote yemHoKa ero HOCHK PaCllupseT NeTMIO, 3aXBaTHIBaeT ee H HadHHaeT OOBOAUTS BO- Kpy? Unytenepxatena HW BAOMKeHHOTO B Hero UINyAbHOTO KOMNAyKa co lNybKoH (puc. 40 6, 4). ‘79