1.

Find the Critical Numbers and Critical Points of this

Equation.
(i) f(x) = 4x3 – 5x2 -8x + 20
(ii) f(x) = 2√(x) * (6- x)
Solution (i) :
f(x) = 4x3 – 5x2 -8x + 20
f’(x) = 12x2 – 10x – 8
now,
f’(x) = 0 ;
So, 12x2 – 10x – 8 = 0
→ 2(3x−4)(2x+1)=0
→ 3x−4=0 or 2x+1=0
x= 1.33 , -0.5 ; this is Critical Number
now , the value of x put in f(x).
f(1.33) = 4(1.33)3 – 5(1.33)2 -8(1.33) + 20
=9.926
F(-0.5) = 4(-.5)3 – 5(-.5)2 -8(-.5) + 20
= 22.25
So the Critical Points are (1.33,9.926) and (0-.5,22.25)

The GRAPH is given below.

 Fig : Critical Points

Solution (ii):
f(x) = 2√(x) * (6 - x)
f’(x) = 2 * d/dx{√x(6-x)}
= 2 * √x (-1) + (6-x) * (2√x)-1
= (6-3x)/√x
now,
f’(x) = 0 ;
(6-3x)/√x = 0
After calculating this equation we find x = 2
now , the value of x put in f(x).
f(2) = 2√(2) * (6 - 2)
= 8√2
= 11.313
So the Critical point of this equation is (2,11.313).
The GRAPH of this equation is given below :

Fig : Critical Points

 2.Find the Inflection point of this Function
(i) f(x) = 3x5 - 5x3 + 2
(ii) f(x) = x4 – 6x2
Solution (i) :
f(x) = 3x5 - 5x3 + 2
f’(x) = 15x4 – 15x2
f’’(x) = 60x3 – 30x
now , f’’(x) = 0
so , 60x3 – 30x = 0
or, 30x(2x2 – 1) = 0
so, x = 0.707, -.707, 0
f(0.707) = 3(0.707)5 – 5(0.707)3 + 2
= 0.7625
f(-0.707) = 3( - 0.707)5 – 5(-0.707)3 + 2
= 3.237
f(0) = 3(0)5 – 5(0)3 + 2
=2
So the inflection points are , (0.707,0.7625) , (0.2) , (-0.707,3.237)
Solution (ii) :
f(x) = x4 – 6x2
f’(x) = 4x3 – 12x
f’’(x) = 12x2 – 12
now , f’’(x) = 0
so , 12x2 – 12 = 0
or, x = +1, -1
f(+1) = 14 – 6(1)2
= -5
f(-1) = (-1)4 – 6(-1)2
= -5
So the inflection of this function is (1,-5) , (-1,-5)

3. Find the maximum & minimum value of this Function :

(i) f(x) = 2x3 + 3x2 - 36x + 10
(ii) f(x) = x5 – 5x4 + 5x3 -1
Solution (i) :
f(x) = 2x3 + 3x2 - 36x + 10
f’(x) = 6x2 + 6x – 36
f’’(x) = 12x + 6
for maximum and minimum number,
f’(x) = 0
so, 6x2 + 6x – 36 = 0
after solve this equation we get x = 2 , -3.
Now ,
f’’(2) = 12 * 2 + 6
= 30 ; we find here minimum value cause 30 > 0
f’’(-3) = 12 * (-3) + 6
= -30 ; we find here maximum value cause -36 < 0
So the maximum value is,
f(-3) = 2(-3)3 + 3(-3)2 – 36(-3) + 10
= 91
Minimum value ,
f(2) = 2(2)3 + 3(2)2 – 36(2) + 10
= -34

Solution (ii) :
f(x) = x5 – 5x4 + 5x3 -1
f’(x) = 5x4 – 20x3 + 15x2
f’’(x) = 20x3 – 60x2 + 30x
for maxmum and minimum number,
f’(x) = 0
so, 5x4 – 20x3 + 15x2 = 0
after solving this equation we get x = 0,1,3.for the 0 value we can not find any
maximum and minimum number.
f’’(3) = 20(3)3 – 60(3)2 + 30(3)
= 30 ; we find here minimum value cause 30 < 0
f’’(1) = 20x3 – 60x2 + 30x
= -10 ; we find here maximum value cause -10 < 0
 So maximum number is
f(x) = x5 – 5x4 + 5x3 -1
f(1) = 1 – 5(1) + 5(1) – 1
=0
Minimum value ,
f(3) = 35 – 5(3)4 + 5(3)3 – 1
= -28
𝑥2 + 1 , 𝑥 < 0
7. f(x) = { 𝑥, 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 1 }
1
,𝑥 ≥ 1
𝑥

Show that this function is discontinuous at x = 0 and continuous at x = 1.

Solution :
For x = 0,
L.H.L = lim 𝑥 2 + 1
𝑥→0−

=1
R.H.L = lim 𝑥
𝑥→0+

=0
L.H.L ≠ R.H.L
So the function is discontinuous at x = 0
For x = 1 ,
L.H.L = lim 𝑥
𝑥→1−

= 1
1
R.H.L = lim ( )
𝑥→1+ 𝑥

=1
L.H.L = R.H.L
So the function is continuous at x = 1.
 𝑥 2, 𝑥 ≤ 0
8. f(x) = {𝑥, 0 < 𝑥 < 1}
1
,𝑥 ≥ 1
𝑥

Show that this function is continuous at x = 0 and not differentiable at x = 1

Solution :
For x = 0
L.H.L = lim 𝑥
𝑥→0−

=0
R.H.L = lim 𝑥 2
𝑥→0+

=0
So the function is continuous at x = 0
For x = 1
𝑓(𝑥)−𝑓(1)
L.H.D = lim
𝑥→1− 𝑥−1

(1/𝑥)−1
= lim
𝑥→1− 𝑥−1

= -1
𝑓(𝑥)−𝑓(1)
R.H.D = lim
𝑥→1+ 𝑥−1
𝑥−1
= lim
𝑥→1− 𝑥−1

=1
L.H.D ≠ R.H.D
So the function is not differentiable at x = 1
[showed]
9. Verify Mean Value Theorem :
F(x) = 1/x ; [-1,1]
Solution :
The function is a polynomial in x. Since every polynomial is a continuous for every
value of x. so, f(x) is continuous in [-1,1].
f(x) = 1/x
f’(x) = -x-2
this does not become infinite or indeterminate for any value of x in the open
interval [-1,1]. So the function is derivable at [-1,1]
Hence, f(x) satisfies all condition of mean value theorem. Therefore by mean
value theorem
f(-1) = -1
f(1) = 1
𝑓(1) − 𝑓(−1)
= 𝑓 ′ (𝑐)
−1 − 1
1+1
Or, = −𝑐 −2
−1−1

Or, c2 = 1
Or, c = ±1
But c ∈ -1 [-1.1]
Hence the verification of mean value theorem.
10. Verify the Rolle’s theorem :
f(x) = |x| ; [-1,1]
solution :
The function is a polynomial in x. Since every polynomial is a continuous for every
value of x. so, f(x) is continuous in [-1,1].
The graph of f(x) = |x| is

Derivative check for x = 0

𝑓(0+ℎ)−𝑓(0)
R.H.D = lim+
ℎ→0 ℎ−0
ℎ−0
= lim+
ℎ→0 ℎ

=1
𝑓(0+ℎ)−𝑓(0)
L.H.D = lim−
ℎ→0 ℎ−0
−ℎ−0
= lim−
ℎ→0 ℎ

= -1
L.H.D ≠ R.H.D
f(x) is not derivate at x = 0
so, Rolle’s theorem is not applicable to this function .