MATHEMATICS 2. Find he supplementof each ofthe following angles: 154° » \ 10s \en / 0 w @ 3 Identify which ofthe following pairs of angles are complemtenary and which are supplementary. 65°, 115° Gi) 63°, 27 itl) 112°, 68° iv) 130%, 50”) 45%, 45" (vi) 80", 10° eee ert gage J Findthe angle which sequaltoissppplemen / & Inthe given igure, 21 and 22inesipplemense” =, angles. « LA — If Z1 is decreased, what changes should iake place in 22 so that both the-~angles,still remain supplementary, 7. Cantwoanglesbe supplementaty ifboth of them are: © acute? i) obtuse? i) ight? 8. Anangle is greater that 45°. Is its complementary angle greater than 45° orequal to 45° or ess than 45°? : Inthe adjoining figure: ~*~ © Is Zt adjacent 0 22? \1 7 i). Is ZAOC adjacent to ZAOE? (S242 Gi) Do ZCOE and ZEOD form a linear pait? 2 : Gy) Are BOD and ZDOA supplementary? a () Is Zl vertically opposite to 24? (i) Whatis the vertically opposite angle of 252? Indicate which pairs of angles are: (© Vertically opposite angles |) Linea pais. 9. 22021LINES AND ANGLES: 11. Inthe following figure, is /1 adjacent to 22? Give reasons. 1 2 12, Find the values of the angles x,y, and: in each ofthe following: x ssel> (25° z te @ o 13. _Fillinthe blanks: 8 Iftwo angles are complementary then the Sum of their measuresis (i) Iftwo angles are supplementary, then the Sum of their measures is, Gi) Two angles forming a linear pair are. 7 Gv)_Iftwoadjacent angles are supplementary, they form a @) two lines intersect at a point, then the Vertically opposite angles aroalways (\i)_ two ines intersect at a point, and if ne pair of vertically opposite angles are acute angles, then the other pairof vertically opposite angles are : 14, Inthe adjoining figure, name the following pairs of angles. (2) Obtuse vertically opposite angles te (i) Adjacent complementary angles A (ii) Equal supplementary angles | D (iv) Unequal supplementary angles B } * (v) Adjacent angles that do not forma linear pair é1. State the property that is used in each of the following statements? @ I all bethen 21 = 25. Gi) IFLA 26, then all b. i) If 24+ 25 = 180°, thena ld. 2. Inthe adjoining figure, identify (the pairs of corresponding angles. Gi the pairs of altemate interior angles. (Gi) the pairs of interior angles on the same side of the transversal. (iv) the vertically opposite angles. @ ntheadjoining figure, pg. Find the unknown, angles. 202021 LINES AND ANGLES: 4, Find the value of xin each of the following figures if il m. i I m toe 0 5. Inthe given figure, the arms of two angles are parallel. If ZABC=70?, then find @ 20GC (i) 2DEF 6. Inthe given figures below, decide whether! is parallel tm. ” aan ; 57° 722, fi 126° 78% 138 J " “sae m as 1 8° af o wi ii) ®1. InA POR, Dis the mid-point of QR a PM is . Ppis : 5 QM =MR? IsQM =MR’ oH} x 2. Drawrough sketches forthe following: (a) nAABC, BEisamedian, (b)_ In APQR, PQand PR are altitudes of the triangle, (©) MAXYZ, YLisanaltitude in the exterior ofthe triangle, @) Verify by drawing a diagram ifthe median and altitude ofan isosceles triangle canbe same:1. Find the valte of the unknown exterior angle.xin the following diagrams: 202021 THE TRIANGLE AND ITS PROPERTIES I 2. Find the value ofthe unknown interior angle vin the following figures: p Koo 100° Gy ‘Ls, /"\ 1205, cl A Aw A w)Exercise 6.3 1. Find the value of the unknown xin the following diagrams: J Q (vy ~d Ww) 2, Find the values of the unknowns.xand yin the following diagrams: 30, A A x [so ka Yes i hoe Ss “Ch _ 0 8 ® ‘ 202021 EEE itiemiancs D oi)|. Isit possible to have a triangle with the following sides? ‘ (@_2cm;3em, 5m (i) 3m, 6cm,7em Gi) 6 cm, 3em,2em_ R 2, Take any point O in the interior of atriangle PQR. Is () OP +0Q>PQ? c a Gi) 0Q+OR > QR? x i) OR+OP> RP? 3. AMisamedianof triangle ABC. IsAB +BC+CA>2AM? B. c (Consider the sides of triangles AABM and AAMC.) 4. ABCDisaquadrilateral IsAB+BC+CD+DA>AC+BD? 5, ABCD is quadrilateral. Is AB+BC+CD+DA<2(AC+BD)? 202021 THE TRIANGLE ANDO ITS PROPERT ES Si 7 @ ‘The lengths of two sides of a triangle are 12 cm and 15 em, Between what two ‘measures should the length of the third side fall?”1. PQRisatriangle, right-angled at P.IFPQ= 10cm and PR = 24cm, find QR. Q@avcisatriangle, right-angled at C.WAB =25 cemand AC =7 cm, find BC. 3. A115 mlong ladder reached a window 12 m high, from the ground on placing it against a wall ata distance a. Find the distance of the foot of the ladder from the wall. 4. Which of the following can be the sides of a right 7 triangle? @ 2.5.cmi,6.5 cm, 6 em. Gi) 2cmy 2cmy Sem. Gii)_)1.5 cm, .2cm)» 2.5 cm. In the case f tight-angled triangles, identify the right angles. 3. A tree is broken at aheight of 5 m from the ground and its top touches the ground at a distance of ‘12 m from the base of the tree. Find the original height of the tree. @] Angles Q and R of a APQR are 25° and 65°, Write which of the following is true: (@) PQ+QR* =RP? i) PQ’+RI QR? Gi) RP? + QR? = PQ? os OR 7. Find the perimeter of the rectangle whose length is 40 cm and a diagonal is 41 cm. (88) The ciagonals of rhombus measure 16m and 30 em, Findits perimeter Ismy 12m 2020.241. Complete the following statements: (a) Two line segments are congruent if (b) Among two congruent angles, one has a measure of 70°; the measure of the other angle is ‘ (©) When we write ZA = ZB, we actually mean, s Give any two real-life examples for congruent shapes. 3. If ABC = AFED under the correspondence ABC ¢+ FED, write all the ‘corresponding congruent parts of the triangles. 4, IfADEF = ABCA, write the part(s) of ABCA that correspond to @ ZB Gi) EF (il) ZF ) DF 2020-21202021 CONGRUENCE OF TRIANGLES GO) Explain. why D. FE AABC2AFED. SN Enrichment activity B F1. Got he algebraic expressions nthe following cases sing variables, constants and arithmetic operations, Subtractionof ftom. 1 G_One-halfof the sum of numbers.xandy. (i) Thenuimberz multiplied by itself, DP ev) Onesfounh ofthe produc of numbers p and g —~/— @Numbers.xand yboth squared and added, (i) Number 5 added to three times the product of numbers mand (ii). Product of numbers y and z subtracted from 10. (@ Sometounese nd sited om ipa 2. (i) Mentify the terms and their factorsin the following expressions Show the terms and factors by tree diagrams. (a) x3 () Deeb © y-y @ Suy°+ Tey ©) ab +2030 (dent terms and factors in the expressions given below: @ -4r+5 () ~4r+5y © sya @ y+ © meta © 12ab-24 64360 2020.21 | ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS I 31 @ 5x44 @) O1p+02g 3. Identify the numerical coefficients of terms (other than constants) in the following Gi) Vere eee Gi) x4 2p 43y Gv) 100m + 1000n (v) —p'g? +7pq Wi): 12a 4085 (i) 3.14 ii) 2140) (ix) OL y #0019" 4. (@)_ Identify terms which contain x and give the coefficient of x, @ yrty Gi 13y'=8yx Gi) YH? Gy) Stotex @) Dtxtay 12ay? +25 omens @ (b)_ Identify terms which contain and give the coefficient of @ 8" (i) S47 i), ey — 15K 7" 5. Classify into monomials, binomials and trinomials @ 4y-% iy Gyr yay Gv) 100 ©) ab-a-b (wi) S-34 (ii) 4p°q — 4p? vi). Tm (i) F-348 ® ah wi) BHF Gi) Teer 16, State whether a given pair of tem sof like or unlike terms, @ 1,100 i) 7x, 3x Gi) ~ 29x, - 299 Gv) ry, 2px) mip, dnp) Tee, 12 7. entity like temsin the folowing: (a) =a", Ayn", Be? 249° 7p, = Hx, ~ 1008, ~ Lyx, 2087y, = 6x3, y,2ay, 3 (©) 10pg. Tp. 8g. ~ pa", ~ Tap. ~ 100g, ~ 23, 124'p*, ~ 5p", 41, 2405p, 78ap. 13p*q, gp", 701p*|. Simplify combining like terms: @ 21b-3247b-20b Gi) —2 4132-52472) —15z x (i), p-(P-@-4- =P). o (iv) 3a~2b—ab—(a~b+ ab) +3ab+b—a a ‘ (sey — 512+ 3yx? — 3y? 4.22 — 92 + By? — 3? L | I (i) Gy" + 5y—4)—(8y-y-4) 2 Add: (@_3mn, — Smn, mn, — dnn Gi) 1-8tz, 3-2, 2-1 ii) —7mn + 5, 12mn + 2, 9mm — 8, — 2mn —3 (iv) a+b-3,b-a43,a—b43 () 14x41 12xy— 13, 18 — Tx 10y + 8xy, day (vi) Sm Tn, 3n—4m + 2, 2m —3mn —5 (Wil) dey, — 3xy*, Say", Sy 2020-21 MATHEMATICS @ ¢-499+5,- 09 ¢, 15 + 9pq + Tp'g (ix) ab—4a, 4b — ab, 4a ~4b @ #-y-1y'- 1-8, 1-2-y* 3. Subtract: @ —Sy* from y* Gi) 6xy from —12xy (iii) (a—b) from (a+b) Gv) a (b—5) from b (5 —a) (Wy) mn? + Smn from 4mm? —3mn + 8 @ -¥+ 10x —5 from Sx— 10 (il). Sa” — Jab + 5B? from 3ab ~ 2a? ~ 2 (vil) 4pq — Sq*- 3p? from Sp* + 3q*— pq 4, (a) What should be added to 2?+.xy + to obtain 2x? + Ixy? What should be subtracted from 2a + 8b+10 to get~3a-+7b+ 16? 5. What should be taken away from 3x? — 4y? + Sxy + 20 to obtain ~~ y+ 6xy + 207 6. (a) From the sum of 3x—y-+ 11 and= y—11, subtract 3x—y— 11. (opp From the sum of 4 + 3x and 5 — 4x + 2%, subtract the sum of 3x*— Sx and a + US.-b= —B=3x3x3-2K2x2=9xK3-4x2=27-8=19 1. Ifm=2, find the value of: @ m-2 (i) 3m-5 i) 95m Gv) 3m?-2m-7 wy) 5% 4 Ifp=~2, find the value of: @ 4p+7 @) —3p+4p+7 ii) S2p*— 3p? + 4p +7 Find the value of the following expressions, when x=—1: @ 2x-7 (i) — x42 Gi) P+ 2041 @v) 2x°-x-2 4, Ifa=2, 2, find the value of: @ a+r P hab+h ii) @-P a When a=0,b=~ 1, find the value of the given expressions: @) 2a+26 Gi) Ww4+P 41 (ii) 2a°b + 2ab? + ab (iv) @ +ab¥2 ‘Simplify the expressions and find the value if xis equal to 2 @ x474+4(x-5) Gil) 6x +5 (x-2) (i) 3 (+2) +5x-7 (vy) 4Qx—1) + 3x4 11 Simplify these expressions and find their values if 2 @ 3x-S-x49 Gi) 3a+5-8a4+1 @) 2a-2-4-S4a 8. (i) Ifz=10, find the value of z’ —3(z— 10). (i) Ifp=~10, find the value of p*~2p~ 100 What should be the value of a if the value of 2° +.x—a equals to 5, when x=0? e ‘Simplify the expression and find its value when a= 5 and b=—3, 2(@ + ab) +3-ab 3,a=-1, 2 @i) 2-8x+dr44 (iv) 10-3b-4-Sb 9. 2020-211. Observe the pattems of digits made from line ségments of equal length. You will find such segmented digits on the display of electronic watches orcalculators. » Lele ey FIs LE 6 1 16 21... (Sn +1) 4 7 10 1B... ntl)... 7 12 7 22. (Sn +2). Ifthe number of digits formed is taken to be, the number of segments required to form r digitsis given by the algebraic expression appearing on the right of each pattem. How many segments are required to form 5, 10, 100 digits of the kind 5,4 A 2020-21 ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS | 2, Userthe given algebraic expression to complete the table of number patterns. 1 @| x2 [5 | 8 ]ufa Gi) | ane [5 dv) | 7n+20_ | 27 [34 [ar] a8 =| 3. wm] wet 2 [5 fro] 7] -[ -[ - [ - | too] -Exencise 7.2