13.02.

2021 / SATURDAY #39938388GHY

MEDIA TODAY

UNEMPLOYMENT
THE BUDDING VIRUS

01
UNEMPLOYEMENT IN INDIA AFTER
PANDEMIC IS ONE OF THE MAJOR
PROBLEM THAT WE FACE 03 HOW GOVERNMENT HELPS TO ERADICATE
UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA THROUGH
VARIOUS POLICIES

VARIOUS REASONS BEHIND

UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA ALONG
WITH A TRUE STORY OF AN
UNEMPLOYEE
02 THE VITAL ROLE OF MEDIA IN
UNEMPLOYMENT
EXAMPLES
WITH VARIOUS
04
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UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA
All about How years of jobless growth have come
back to haunt India during Covid-19 pandemic!
This pandemic has brought a Current situation of
Unemployment in which the government of India has
mostly failed to recognize any employment problem in
the country. Two important statements have made
related to the economic situation in the country over
the last four days is that the Economic Survey and the
finance minister’s speech did not recognize, in any
manner, the fact that scores of millions of Indians lost
livelihoods in 2020-21. Most people found ways to
reduce their misery with or without help from the
government.

The Unemployment Rate in India' database provides Interestingly, the

estimates of the Unemployment Rate based on a panel size recovery of jobs is
of over 178,000 households. Estimations on Trailing 30 day’s complete in almost
data and Monthly data are recorded. The unemployment all other segments of
rate is generated every day for the Trailing 30 days. the services sectors.
Employment in the services sector increased from 140 Travel and tourism,
million in early 2017 to 157 million by the quarter of March which engaged 19.4
2020. But, unlike agriculture, it took a hit in the lockdown. million in 2019-20,
Employment fell to 128 million in the quarter of June 2020. It saw its employment
has recovered since then, but only partially. It is still short of fall by 5.5 million
the levels of March 2020 or even a year ago. In fact, during the severe
employment in the services sector is lower than it was in lockdown.
any quarter since 2018.

However, in the December 2020 quarter, it employed

20.7 million, which is 1.3 million more than it did in 2019-
20. Other services sectors have also seen an
improvement. As a result, while the services sector
saw a loss of 25.5 million jobs in the June 2020 quarter
on a base of 154 million, job losses were down to 8.3
million in the September quarter.
In contrast, recovery from job lsses in the
manufacturing sector has been modest. In the first
quarter, this dropped to 24.6 million, implying a loss of
over 15 million manufacturing jobs. It recovered to
27.1 million in the second quarter and then to 28.8
million in the December quarter. The shortfall is still
quite high at 11.4 million. More importantly, every major
manufacturing industry, except pharmaceuticals,
employed fewer people in all three quarters of 2020-
21 compared to the employment in 2019-20.
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REASONS BEHIND
There are several causes of unemployment. Most
of them create frictional unemployment. This
type of unemployment is when employees leave
their job to find a better one. Some causes
create structural unemployment. That is when
workers; skills or income requirements no longer
match the jobs available. Some causes lead to
cyclical unemployment. Demand deficit
unemployment is the biggest cause of
unemployment that typically happens during a
recession. Frictional and structural
unemployment occur even in a healthy
economy.

Large Population: Nations like India which have an
ever-growing population contribute heavenly to the
problem of unemployment. India's unemployment
rate rose sharply to 9.1 percent in December 2020,
the highest since the beginning of India's recovery
from the lockdown in June
Relocation: The mobility of labour in India is low. Due
to attachment to the family, people do not go too
far-off areas for jobs. Factors like language, religion,
and climate are also responsible for low mobility.
Newly Entering the Workplace: The number of
universities has increased rapidly. As a result of this
educated unemployment or white-collar
unemployment has increased. Moreover, companies
prefer hiring having professionals with work
experience rather than hiring freshers.
Poverty line: The magnitude of poverty is directly
linked to the unemployment situation. The present
employment conditions don't permit a
reasonable level of living causing poverty. The
lack of productive employment is mainly due to
problems of infrastructure, inputs, credit,
technology and marketing support.
Low wages of salary: Low-wage workers were
more than twice as likely to be unemployed, but
about half as likely to receive Unemployment
Insurance benefits. Even with similar work
tenures, unemployed low-wage workers were still
less likely to receive UI benefits
Advances in Technology: Advances in computers
and robots meant that firms could produce
manufactured goods with fewer workers.

AN UNEMPLOYEED YOUTH STORY

Pankaj Kumbhakarn, a 27-year-old Master of Computer Science
(MCS) graduate
"I did my Bachelor of Computer Science and I was
unemployed, hence thought of upgrading my career, I did
Masters so that I could have a better opportunity for my job. It's
been one whole year. These days I am very depressed. Now my
age of learning is also passing by. I need to get a job. Each and
every day is difficult to pass." (Image: Reuters)
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POLICIES FOR UNEMPLOYMENT

Even through all the disputes that targets the
government for unemployment, there are various
schemes that can help to eradicate unemployment.
Its up to people how they can utilise these schemes
in a better way.
Integrated rural development program
In the year 1978- 79, India introduced IRDP to create
full employment opportunities in rural areas. This has
ensured the development of forests, fisheries, small
and cottage industries, construction of roads and
canals, animal husbandry, and agriculture in all the
5111 development blocks.
Employment Assurance Scheme
The Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) was
launched in 1994 in 1752 backward blocks in the
country. The main objective was to provide 100 days
of unskilled manual work to the rural poor who are
seeking employment.
Employment Guarantee Scheme
This Scheme has been launched in states
such as Maharashtra, West Bengal, Kerala,
Rajasthan, etc. Under the scheme, unemployed
persons are given economic assistance.
Multinational Corporations of India
The New Industrial Policy 1991, removed the
restrictions of entry to MNCs through Various
concessions. The amendment of FERA in 1993
provided a further concession to MNCs in India.
Self-employment to Educated Unemployed Youth
In 1983, a scheme namely self-employment
of educated unemployed was initiated. Under this
scheme, loans up to Rs. 25,000 are given to those
educated unemployed who have no other
financial resources. The government will give 25
percent as a subsidy of the loans given by the
banks under this scheme.

INTERNATIONAL LABOR
ORGANIZATION SEMINAR
ILO seminar on youth employment and
unemployment was held in Indonesia on 26–27
February 2009. The main intention of the program
was to find out the main reasons for
unemployment and people getting sacked and to
find out the age group that is getting affected the
most. It mainly says that people living in rural
areas face more unemployment problems
than people living in urban areas.

In order to tackle the challenges of participation and job quality for the youth of India, policy interventions
should promote a better-quality education, on-the-job training, skill formation on the one hand, and productive
job creation on the other. For those who are in self-employment, credit assistance and marketing assistance can
be of enormous help.In the Indian context, significant emphasis has been placed on skills development. In this
regard, the National Skills Development Policy (2009) sets a target of training 500 million skilled individuals by
2022, which will be reached by expanding public institutions in rural areas; using innovative delivery models; using
skill development centers in rural areas to provide training information, guidance, and delivery.
13.02.2021 / SATURDAY #39938388GHY | 04

MEDIA INFLUENCE
In the corona crisis when the unemployment rate
soared to the highest rate in recent decades it
attracted huge coverage from different news media
houses. The valuation of the Media Industry is
expected to value at about 2.1 trillion U.S. dollars, as
in 2019. In India alone, it directly employs 1.1-1.2
million people. And as it is a highly unorganized
sector The whole employment generation through
this platform hasn’t been evaluated. Unemployment
occurs when a person who is actively searching for
employment is unable to find work. Unemployment is
often used as a measure of the health of the
economy.
Media plays important role in covering this subject
so that it grabs the attention of the public and also
creates pressure on ruling parties.
National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), an
organization under the Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation (MoSPI) measures
unemployment And Media publish the data
through various medium. Media also plays an
important role while creating awareness about
various govt programmes and incentives which
further helps the population to get employed
some of the Indian state-run programmes are
given below.

UNEMPLOYMENT THROUGH THE LENS OF SOCIAL MEDIA

A Platform for start-ups: Social media is overwhelmingly perceived
as an important tool for businesses in general, and specifically for
start-ups and social enterprises.
Perceptions of key Benefits: Across the region, the most beneficial
aspect of social media for businesses is deemed to be its
promotional and outreach capacity.
The Virtual Job Market: for those seeking employment, social media
is viewed as a facilitator to access customized information about
jobs and employment opportunities; information which otherwise
job seekers would have no way of Learning about - 71% of
respondents in the country that they would rely on social media to
find their next job.

Even if job opportunities are available, there is often a mismatch of necessary skills. Social media is perceived as
a facilitator for young talent to bridge the gap and improve attaining the required skills for different positions.
In the absence of available jobs, the youth, with the help of social media, now have the opportunity to create their
own enterprise, harnessing large customer bases and minimizing the costs and risks of starting a business. Thus,
Social Media is a powerful tool to create awareness about unemployment and eradicate it from the roots with the
help of the upcoming generations.

The advancement of Technology, Industrial civilizations, More home ground companies, and powerful
government policies with a good educational system can be the key source to India to overcome Unemployment

SOURCES FROM: https://www.unglobalpulse.org

https://www.aljazeera.com EDITION 76
https://www.thebalance.com EST. 1900

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