SINGAPORE STANDARD SS 553 : 2009 (ics 91.140.30) CODE OF PRACTICE FOR Air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation in buildings (Formerly CP 13) All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part ofthis Singapore Standard may be reproduced or utllsed In any form orby any means, ‘lctronieor mechanical, rluding photocopying and micrfiming, without ‘permission n writing from SPRING Singapore atthe address below: Head Standardisation Department SPRING Singapore 2 Bukit Merah Gent Singaper Telephone mall etn@pring gov ISBN 978-981-4278-30-0$5 553: 2009 Contents Page Forewerd 7 cuauses Section One ~ General 1 Seope e 2 Nermatvereferercee 8 3 Defaitons _ ° 4 Rules and regulators 2 Section Two —Airconteriag system 5 Design consiseratins 8 6 Ventilation rates “ 7 Catulaton of 20tn9 ead and vention ose _ 6 8 Contt 8 9 Airhanding unite —— 2 10 Pants _ 11 Noise and vation 2 12 Enetgy recovery 2 ‘Section Thee ~ Mechanical venation system 13 Ventiaionrates 14 Fangystoms 5 ‘Section Four Ausiiny equgment 18 Ductwork and ther ar passages a 18 Pipowork —_ 8 17 Thermal inauaton 36 18 Elect! works 38 Section Fie Operation ané maintenance 19 Testing and commissioning a 20 Maintenance in 21 ergy aud _ ANNEXES: A Syma ae B Exchange of ifommeton —_ sa © _contiteation of ppeinas (tour code) —__ 1 Attoatictbe cleaning sytem for shell and behest exchangers srSINGAPORE STANDARD SS 553 : 2009 (ICS 91.140.30) CODE OF PRACTICE FOR Air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation in buildings (Formerly CP 13) All ights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no par ofthis Singapore ‘Standard may be reproduced or uted in any form or by any moane, ‘lectronie or mechanical, reluding photocopying and micrfiming, without ‘permission n writing trom SPRING Singapore atthe address below: Standardisation Department SPRING Singapore 2Bukit Merah Central Singapore 15863 Telephone: 62786666 Toteax: 62795667 Email: stn@espring.gov.sg ISBN 978-981-4278-30-08S 653: 2000 “This Singapore Standard was approved by Buisng and Conetneton Standards Commtseon bolt ote Standards Couel of Srgapore on 18 October 2008. Fest published as GP 13,1980 Frat revision, 1909, ‘Second reiion and renumbeing as $5 £83, 2000 The Bulding and Consirution Standards Commitee appointed by the Standards Counc consis of the following mambors Name Capacity Charman: str Goh Peng Teng Momber, Standards Counc Spathal = arLee chin Seng Member, Standards Counc Spawhan’ = MeTan Tan Chong Member, Standards Counc Secretary: ‘MrstaesChoo Sou Yong “SPRING Singapore Members ‘Mr Boo Gzok Kwang Singapore Givi Defence Force Et Chan Ewe Jin Insttuion of Engineers Singapore Me Chan Yew Kwong Misty of Manpower Ne Paul Fo {Land Transport Autry Ne Goh Nan Heng Singapore Insitute of Suveyers and Valurs Me Anse Gonsaves atonal Envtonment Agency Me Desmera Hl Singacore Contractors Association Limited Me Benadct Lee Knee Chong Singapore inte of Architects Ms AnasisLeong Buiing and Construction Authority /soe PolLecng Eng Choon Nanyang Technological Unters Dr Lim Lan Yuan The Associaton of Property and Facity ‘Managers MeMeDorald Low Fea Estate Developers Association of Singapore Mr Lary Ng tye Hock Urnan RecevelopmentAuthanty ‘Assoc Pre Gary Ong Khim Chye Netra University of Singapore ‘Mr Davis Ong Wee Choon ‘Singapore Manufacturers Federation Ez ShumChee Hoong Housing & Development Board Or TanGuan ‘Associaton of Consulog Engineers, Singapore Me Tang Pei Luen JTC Cerperation fiembers Prof Choc Yoo Sang National University of Singapore De Tam Crat Tem Individual Copacty$5 553 : 2000 ‘The Technical Commitee on Sulting Maintenance end Management appointed bythe Buin and Constrecton Standards Conmitine and respons fr the pesarstion of is standards eonaists of repracontawves trom he faving organisations Name Chairman: DrLim Lan Yuan BAaithan Er Tang ei tuen Secretary: MrJames Choo Sou Yorg Members = lrAndrew thar Mr Abdul Rashi bin rahi IMrChue Fook Chee IMeFan Foo Wat Drang Kok Hin IMekua S00 Chong ‘Mr Kuang Kim Yew MrLee Vise Keong ‘MeL Gneng Yeng Tan Jay Pah, Roland ‘Assoc Prot Wong Yew Wah ie Yan Kum Seng Capacity Member, Buiting and Construction Standards ‘Commitee 76 Corporation SPRING Sinogpore Tho Assodaton of Property and Facity ‘Managers Energy MarkotAuthoty (ONA Group Ld Housing & Development Board PG Corporation Pre Lit El Sonveas Pre Les ube ties Bosra ‘Singapore Cit Defence Free ung and Carsration Autry National University af Singapore Insituion of Engineers, Singapore ‘Nanyang Technologies Unversty Singapore inet of Bulg Lined ‘The Werking Group appointed by the Technical Commitee to asset In the preparation of this sandard comprises te ebolng experts who contibu Inthe Insalcopaaty. Members ‘Assoc Prt Wong Yew Wah Dr Bong Tet Yin Drdimm Chen Er. Chorg Bak Peng Me Tromes Goh Me Vlayarainam Karuppaish Me-vrcant Low DrNg Erg Hong ‘Assoc Prt Chanera Sekhar ‘Tne organisalons in which the experts ofthe Working Group are involved re ‘American Society af Heating Reigeratig and Alccondionng Enginoer, Singapore Chapter ‘ung ona Consrueson Auton Insttuion of Engineers Singapore Nanyang Technological Unnersty atonal University of Singepore Singapore Civ Defoe Forse ‘Sustainable Erorgy Assoeiaien of Sngapore188.555 2008 (blank page)88 553 2009 ———————— Contents, Page Foewors cuauses Section One ~ General + Scope _ 8 2 Normative eteences| - 8 3 Detiiions —_ 8 4 Rules and eguttons 8 Section Two Ai-condiening system 5 Design consderatons __ 13 6 Vertitonrates 7 Cakulaton of cotng iad and vention ead 16 8 Conta 8 8 Aangingunts fo Pte 2 {1 Noise andvibraten 12 nergy recovery 2 Secton Tee ~ Mechanical vention syst 13° Vontlaon rates Py 14 Fan systems ‘Seetion Four— Aula equipment 18 Ductwork and othe a passages 1 16 Pipewore 6 17 Thermal insulation 6 18 Elcticl works —_ 8 Section Five Operation and maintenance 18 Testing and commissoning ” 20° Mantenance a 24 nergy auc —— 4“ 1EXES A Symbols 2 8 Exchange of formation a © denifcation of pipelines (e20ureote) —_ a 1D. Automate clearing system fr shell and tube heat exchangers ea8.565: 2009 TaaLes 1 Outdoors sup eguiement for comfort a-condning _ ___ 2 Fan power lintatonnae-condioing systems ——_ a 3 Hot gas by-pa5sintton _ _ 2 4 Recontmended sntient sound evel _ 2 5 Outdoor air suppiy fr mechanical ventlaten In non ai-condtoned bulings or parts of buildings th no natural vention 25 6 Mode of vetaten er aboveground carpark 8 7 Mode of ventilation for basement carpark —_ 2 8 Fan power limit n mechanical vention systems — 2 9 Ductwork eal equrements _ 3s 10 Minimam ductinstalaon Reales for cooing on: supply end return ducts —_ 38 "11 Miriam pipe inauaton thickness for hosing and cooling systems _ 7 12 Supply energy soure twesnolés as 13. Subsystem enegyuse treshoits 6‘98 553 : 2009 Foreword ‘This Singapore Standard Cato of Practice was prepared by the Working Group under the dection of the Technical Commies or Bulding Wainenanee and Management “The Technical Comite f Under the purview of the Suking and Canstucton Standards Comets. This code ls 2revison of (CP 151090 and ha been v-numbered as SS 553: 2008 ‘Te purpose ofthis revisions to Keep sbreast of tematonal standards nthe dosign, constuction, Ineaiaton tering and commissioning, cperston and maintenance of asconsoning srl mechanical ‘entation systems (ACM) mall commercial, ofceandinstutonal buldngs excor hospi ‘nis code represents a stad of good practve for a-condtoning and mechani! venslaton systems with porter empress on indoor a gusty, energy eftaoncy, tre safely snd mattanablly. Sore graphical symbols releing fo ACM are von in Annex A. ‘The changes incu: ©) Grovping of clausas ini the main secons of ai-condtoning sytem, mechanical vetaon ‘System eu equpment and operation and maintenance, 1») Algning general qutsnce on energy eficiency requirement for ACM systems wih national {2d inematonal standards In partcular, new clause on general guidance in energy ‘Facovary for ACM eytems (Clause 12} has been introduced ©) Expanding he requiements for maintenance ‘This code ' ntondod to complement SIngopore Standard ‘Code of practive for indoor ale quay for sirconstoned blige (38 54) “The valuosin Tables 1 to 13 ths Singapore Standard are based onthe folowing ASHRAE standards 8) ANSUASHRAGIIESNA Standard 90.1 : 2007 ‘Energy standard for bulangs capt lowes ‘esiderialbuidings (5 ation, »)_ANSUASHRAE 62.1: 2007 Venilaton fr acceptable indoor ar quay ©) BSRIASHRAG/USGSCIESNA Stands 189° ‘Proposes standard forthe design ef high- perermance gree Euldings except wise resident bung (© 2008, Ameccan Socioy of Heating, Retigaratng ond Ar-Condtoning Engineers, Inc {wwashrao org) Rept by permission fom ASHRAE Standard 8012007, ASHAE Standard 82.1 2007 and ASHRAE {307 Tho mates may not Se copied nor dstibuted In eltherpapar OF Sal form witout ASHRAPs person Attn js drum to the posibty tht some ofthe elements of his Singapore Standard may be the Subject af patent ight.” SPRING Singapore shal not be hei rexponsii for entyng any ora of such patent ts | % Smgspor standors a sujet © pare review fo hep abou of teckel changes and new | Se eames of hota Starrh ours sgh ee oer | 2 compliance win a Sngane Standard does act exempt uses fom eal obits38.553 2000 Code of practice for air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation in buildings Section One ~ General 1 Scope 1.4. This code of prac provides gonersl guidance inthe design, construcon, instalation, testing Ei commissioning cperaton end maintenance of a-coaoning and mechanical venison systems in eae afice ant insional buldings except Rospals The pupose of tis code 5s to 2. Sianminmun equrenents in machaial venation ard ar-condtioning engineering ractce such Fae abi igor netalenvfonment canbe ataned na energy ecient manner wih general Conatlertion forthe indoor ually (AC), and mainainably of he eauement 4.2 This cove does nol adress specie indoor ai quelty concerns for minimizing potential Neath {2arss" User shuld eft he 88 S04 fr epic) more compile IAG requirement guernes 113. This code does nct adress he design requtements of re protection, Users shoud fer tothe be of Mactce for Fe Precaons. n Buldings for the purpose of design requremants of fre ‘rtecons,ncusing sake purging stem. 41d. This cove does nt address healing nsaations as the majoiy of mechanical venation an Aienattonag systems Ir Singapore do nat require any fm of heath. 41.5 ‘Ths code does mt apply to industrial vertation In contol of specs sir contaminants site vranglaca at such requrements ae separatay covered bya dierent set f regulations. Mere tse ce he cevcpnent sid use of new ioroved © unsial mafriss, dag of metode of Ser to enon it cave bys cos. Newari te ev Ds is code lapping oo Ca er of alco amotien ary dopa Wer hs ode wil equre Be space east apy aur f's god prac hel lparies ved inte pact ried oWDh sPecteec ofeachange finan. The sommes prosscue can be endin Armes. Nore 2~ Nomar ne coe ror Singapore Sadr SS St proses scent cal requemers or More Mem, Stoung, ASHREE 61 207 may be refered of smoxing zones are reson or ere oe 2 Normative references “Te folonng documents are referenced for he aplication ofthis code, For dated references, oxy Te Ghicn Siossopies Fo undated references, to latest aon ofthe referenced document {eesiding any mencinets) apples 4. AR Standard 1080 Rating alstoair energy recovery vention heat ceochangers 2 ASHRAESS:2004 ‘Thema envionment! eendilns for human occupancy 8, ASHRAG62.1:2007 Ventiaton for acceptable indoor ar quality 4 ASHRAE.0.1:2007 Energy sander for bugings except owsite restentil bularge88.555 : 2000 © ASHRAE TI : 2008, Pracoes for moaswrement, testing, adjusting, end Balnoing “ot “buldings, heating,” voninion, aie ondoning ar retigeraon systems 6 ASHRAE 189° Proposed standard for the design cf high performance {fen bultings except ow-iso resent buldings 1 ASHRAE IS Safety standard for retigeation systems © ASHRAE GudeineD:2008 The commissioning process 8, ASHRAE Guidaine’.1:2007 The HVAC commissioning process 40, aS.476: Pans: 1909 Method oftst for ontabity m ssors Cove of practoe for etecical istalatons 12, $8212:2007 Speeieations for aluminum aly windows 13, 8200 Fire resistant cables: Performance requterents for cables requled to mainan ckeut miogry under fre condtons 14 $8590; 2008 Cede of Practice for energy ecioncy standard for buling Services an equipment 18 8886# 2008 Indooe sr quality for a-condtioned bultings 18 Cadet pace fer fre precautions In bulngs 17, Guide to setig upa childcare corre 2008 18. Code ot practce or envionment est 2008, 3 Definitions Fortne purpose ofthis code, he follwing definitons apn 34 Activated carbon ‘A form of carton made povous by special treatment by which iis capable of adsorbing various ‘hour, anesthatos and oer vapours 32 Air, ambient ‘Gunoraly speaking, th ar surounding an ject, 33 Airchanges ‘A metodo exposing he ‘ate ofa elec or eavng 8708 by naa or mechanic means in terms ofthe number of vole othe sosce. ” 3.4 Ale-conditioning ‘The press of vatng as a to cont simutaneusy ts tamperatre, mui, canines and ) Anoccupant sensor tat is capabie of shuting the sytem off when no cecupat is sansed for 'petod of upto 80 minutes. ©) An imerock to sscurty syste that shuts the sytem of when the eecurty system ie sewed 3.6 The follwing systems ar example tom automat shutdown requirement gen n 8 2) Systems serving hots! guestrooms: ») Systems intended to operate continuous: and ©) Systems having cocing capaci less than 4.6 KW that ro equipped with readly access manual enoft eons, 3.7. Ar handlers suppiyeg § mils o mere of ai should have an optimum start contol. The ono algo should a fast take ite account the dileence between te temperature of the Space and ts soipoint and te length ote prior he scheduled occupancy 8 Zones that are intense o operate or be occupied non-smuitanecusly shouldbe grouped into Solan areas, wih each oeton aes not sxceedng 2300 of or area rane for powaod that 2) Conralsystoms and plants serving these zones are povided with contols and devices that fable stable sys and equpmentoperaton fran lang ot ne whue serving ery the ‘Sale oiaton area an ») The systems serving each isolation area, besides meeting the raqurements of 86 for aubmate shutdown ae also equipped with solaton devices and contels tat can isle them om he supp af outdoor a andthe exhaust system. 8.9 The folowing are examted am lection devices and controls requrements given in 8.) 3) Exhaust a and auto a connections to eoaton zones when the fan este to which hey fe comected is 2.4nms and smaller 5) Exautsiflow tom a single lsoletion zone of les than 10% ofthe design airfow ofthe exhaust eystom to whicn they connect. and £) Zone intended to operate continously or intended o be operated cnly when ll other zones 8.40 The dangers used in all outdoor supoly air and exhaust systems serving air-conditioned Spaces should shutoff autoracaly when te spaces ae natn use 8.41 Dung the pre-cccopancy bulking caotdown, the outdor air dampors should shut! sitomateay. 12. Their dampers shel have « maximum leakage rate cf 100 Us damper area at 250 Pa, 8.13. Fans win motor geter than 05 KW used inthe syst should have automate conto, whieh comly wih 85, 0 shut ther of when their series are not equred188,553 : 2009 8.14 Systeme wit design outdoor aint erator han 1.4 ms soning areas wth sn average ‘enn ovcupancy density ereneding 1 persovin shall inde means to automaticaly reduce Sutdor a intake below the Seen vate, when spaces are partly occupied. Venlaion conros hat be mn complance ith $8 854 8.16 contol ot indoor thermal envionment by reheating hear shal not be aflowed except for energy cute from ste-reooered eneay (acuding condenser Neal) or she-solr energy. 8.46 _A minimum of oe of he fotowing contol echroogies sal be recuired in hot! quest coms Wil over 60 guest reams such tata the power to the Iights and swiched outs Ine hotel quest oom would be turned of whan the eosupat isnot n te foom andthe apace torperture woud ‘sutomatieaty setup by no less than 30: Contras that are acvated by the roam accupant via the primary room access metod-Ke, ‘ir, ead, 8) Occupancy sensor consos that ae activated by the cccupants presence Inthe room, 9 Airhandling units 8.1.4 Ai hanes should te equipped with contol davies that are appropriate forthe intended fenitl ofndoor herman envinament 8:12 Fined cos used In an airhandlr shoulé not be mare than @ow deep. When more number tt ows are requred in the treatment process, more Ban one cooing col can be used, each Separated by a stance auficent fr Ceanng. 9:13. The condensate fom the cooing eal shall be provided wth a U-bend on faving the ir Randle ond here snow be an ale Gra Bobrosn the condensate dra ppe 2 the oor ap. 9.44 nar hander shouldbe contri an lstaled such thatthe condensate ftom the cooing olcan be compotly rane aftr he fan's swiched of 9.4.5 Nocti water ehous continue tobe supped othe eoaling col ater the fon issued ot. 94.6 The |nner sutaes faichanding Uns shale 285 ocean and abrasion resistant 8:17 Aichandlng unit rooms shal ot be used for storage and enall nt house instaatons ot bala wi fhe a-conining stem, 8.8 Design and operaton fai handing units sssocstd wt Fre safely requirements sh comp}y withthe oquiements of he Code of Pracioe for Fre Preeautons nGulags 92 Fan system design criteria 9.24 Airconditioning syste having a ola fan system power exceeding 4 Ki shal comply with ot 92.44. Fan poworinitations ‘The rao of he fan system fower to the supply fan at flow rate (min fan ofeach ai condoning {stem at deslgn concltone Sal rol exceed the sloweble fan sytem power shown Tale 2y 85 553 : 2009 “Table 2- Fan power limitation in airconditioning systems ‘Alowable nameplate motor power ‘Constant volume LT RW 9:22 Variable air volume fan control ‘Vaile air vous (VAY) fan cont, incuting sytem using seis fn power boxes shall comply vwin022, 9229 and 9223 9.22.4 Part load fan power liitation Inia VAV fan with rots 11 KW and ager shall mest one of te folowing requirements: 8) Be-ven by « mechanial or eectica variable sped sive or the fan shal be a vane-aal fan wih vane pitch des 1) Have other contol and desies forthe fan that wil su in fan mator demand of loss than 30% of design wattago 80% of design a volume When stale eressueseiport equa one ‘tnd ofthe eal dain sit presoure based on manutacuer’ ord fan Sata 9.2.22 Statle pressure sersor location xcept for systems with zone reset contol comping wth 9223. static pressure sensors wed 10 foil varabie ae volume lane shall be ploced in’ poaton euch iat he eontoler setpoint © 20 fester an ono the tal design fan stat proseure. I this results in be sensor beng cated flownstream of major duc sels, multiple sensors shal be iste in each mor branch to ensure that tte preseure ean be maintained i each 9.223 Setpoint reset, For systoms wih arect dpi contl of ndvdual zane boxes reporting tothe cerca contol panel, ‘Hate pressure seipant shal be eset bad the zone requsing the ost aessws, mr eg ont ie rector nt ota sone dames nety wide opan. 10 Plants 4041 Equipment used in a-sondtiening and vention shall have minimum performance in sceardance wh Singapore Sandaca SS 590, 410.2 The design of the ciled water sytem should ensure thatthe cilers wil be able to operato Properly ovr the fl ange a lng demand thal ca be expectes and sippy ce water to De Baling ate gure tena. te surg of Foner saring ard sorb oP compressors 410.3 The oigerant usedin chiers shoud be nen-CFC. 104 The safely requirements on the use of refigrant in a plant room can be refer to in ASHRAE Standard 16.188.555: 2000 40.5 Pumping systom design criteria, 4054 Hydronie System Design and Control ‘Alccondtloning hyctonc systems having total pun system power exceeding 75 KW shal comply wir t0s 110542, 1081 3end 105.14 10544 Hydrontev bla Flow Systoms “Tne pune power itaton for hid water systems shall be 349 kW, The pump power imtston foccondensing water syste 301 Kn otrsexcessing 15 KW shal have conrls andor devices (Sich as variable speod conto) hat wil reeutin pump meter detranda no mare har 30% of design Watlage at S0% of design watr Tow. 1054.2 Pump isolation ‘when 9 cid water plantindudes moro than one chile, provisions shall be made so hat he flow in the aha plant canbe euonatialrosuced coreeponangy whan cite! I hut driers feferes tin tis cause when connected in sets fr the purpoce of inceased temperate Ciferentl shale coneired 3s one chile 10.541.3 Chilled water tmgerature reset controls Colles water systems with dasign capecty exceeding €8 IV eupsying chiles water to comfort Cenctioning system shall Inde convo tat automaticaly eset supely water tomearatures by Fepresertatve bulling ads incising retun waler lempeatue) oy ouocr alr temperature. 4054.4. The folowing systons are exempted om the requirements given in 1051 3. 8) Where the supply fmpecture reset contols cannot be implemented without causing improper operation ofcotng, dhuii¥ing systems, and 1b) Hyctoni ystems auc a those tat use valle flow reduce pumping ener. 10.8 Hot gas by-pass limitation cooing system shal aot use hot gas bypaa crater evaporator pressure contol systems ules the Sate if ceslned wth mise tops of unloading or contnuous capacty modulalon The capacity of the hot goa bypass shal be ime as in Table 3th the excopton of unary packages sytem Wah ‘holng capaci not greater than 26. KN, ‘Table 3 Hot gas by-pass limitation Fated eapacty | Wasa hot gan bypase capaciy (rot eapcty) zon 0% S70KW 28% 44 Noise and vibration Noise and vibration in mechanical vention and ai-onstoning systems arse fom machanicl and ‘Satical equpment, anc Fon the flow of water Uvoughplpes ang te flow ofr through ducts end ‘iles Table 4 ges the recommended design crtela for guidance only) to asst desgner Providing acousioa envrenment witha sceuped spaces In bugs comatbie wih the acavles End areas mantoned, and ls itended for uae inthe eacton of the a-conining and vention Blantand equipment tobe used In these spaces,ne th ‘85 553 : 2009 Table 4 Recommended ambient sound lve fea Tow dBA Average dBA | —Wigh dBA as, Teas 3 o [Pri eco ype oe % ® 6 Gel oie ose craensziae | yg . a" Chama om % = @ ‘A-conditioned classrooms: | 45 | Ee [Hott bedoors | 6 Paces cfpbic rosin ae wo 3 Ceiaton aes eg arses, other ar | 60 = 0 rae 42 Energy recovery 124 Energy recovery ‘rom conditioned space exhaust alr Exhaust a of 26 mils © roar rom conditioned space in a single fostion chal have energy tecovery system wih a last 80% rover efechvenses, 60% recovery eflecivoross shall moan 2 Change of enbalpy ofthe atdoor ar sippy equal fo 60% af he ciference between te oudoor ait 56 etur a at design condos wen tested under ARI Standard 1060 12:11 The folowing systons are exempted rem the energy recovery requerents gan in 124 4 > 422 Laboratory systems; ‘Systoms ehausting tl, fammabi, pant or corove umes and dust; Exhaust hoods 122.1 Kitchen hoods Individual Kechen exhaust ods larger an 2.5 ms shal be provided with makeup ar izod atleast 50% ofexhaet a vole at has nat been cooled mesnanicaly except when ext! vention it ‘Rat would have hruise existed or Been erases by oe Tan systems 1222 Fume hoods Budings wih tum hood sisters having 4 total exhaust rate greater than 75 miso I inctde st least ore othe falowng features a » ° arable a vole hood extaust and oom supply systems capable of reducing exhaust and makeup a volume 9 50% or lars of sign values Direct makeup or suply equal oat east 75% ofthe exhaust ae thats cooled to no lower ‘han 2°6 above room span and that na resheatng forts a upp Heat recovery systems to prcendton makaup i from fume hoods exhaust in accordance88.853: 2000 Section Three ~ Mechanical ventilation systom 43° Ventilation rates, 181 Design considerations ‘Tha purpose of providing vertation to 2 room er occupied space within a bulding i to remove heat ‘fom tha space and aio posible coamnanis, suchas the products of respraton,bacta, dours, [roduet of combuston eta. eo tat an accoplablendoct a qualiy can be mamained. The al fom fe" space sould be contmously ‘itharawn and replaced by outdoor nr awn fom extemal 43.2 General requirements 43.241 Allrooms and ocsiped spaces which are not natualy vetiated or airconditioned shall be ‘ear design inthe archtocral drawings tobe mechanealy versie, 13.22. Tere hallbe no srmkng in mechancaly ventlated spaces, exceptin designated areas. 43 Outdoor alr supply 43:34 Toe quanty of oudcr a supply for mechanical vetiaon for any room o: floorspace in 3 buidng shal be bated on fs voli and elermined aceon tote ates ven in Table 5 12:32 Tha rates of venison avon in Table 5 apply to normal ypes of bulings wh normal heat {ain rom occupants and actites, When sbrermal condone preal the vention rate may De fered to prevent undue conceriraon 0! body odour, batria-caying pares, gas, vapour OF ‘dastand to provent undue acsomulaton of eafben oxide endo remove sous f combustion 12:33. A retigeraton machrery room under normal eparation shoul be vetised when occupied viva least25 res per scend ef ape: square more of achine room are. 1234 it oacecsary fo operator comfort the ventilation rate shoul be such tha the heat preducing Irachinery inthe oom doee rt aioe the tomperstre Bayon 8°C above the ablant 1336 For any typeof rear of foor space ot specified n this secon the vetlton rte shall be doiemined by the sualieg person subject ete approval ofthe reevant author5 853 2009 Table 5 Outdoor ar supply fr mechanical ventilation in non air-conditioned buildings ‘orparts of buldings with no natural ventilation, Type bua ‘Minimum outdoor at ‘Orcupancy Supply archangel Orcas é Sree T 6 Worksiops factories e Chesroors ® Toles, batroors 10 aT obbles concourea condor, eases and ex 4 Kichens (ConenerGa nsuonal an nds yee he eting heghtonnese 2. tae cnage rat ibe clases based on 25m ca he "(bie ofarea of 10 ra ar eared om big mechanical verted Tw upp may be esate 10 mr-ctangeh when fe Hchan Rood exhaust et open. 14 Fan systems 141 Car parks tis eau to vena te car paring area 2 bulding In order to rma carbon manaxide and cer combuston products fom te aoas 14:44. Except whore natural ventaton is avalabe as described in 14°17, a mechanea ventason ‘jem incorporating supe part and an exhaust pat and capa of providing sb ae changes per hours requted for car paring areas na bulng 14.1.2 The mechanical venation system i commercial earparks may be operated at lower at at Smee ow occupancy subject othe condon thatthe carbon monoxide concentration s mantained below the permite level of spprodstay 25 ppm averaged over a one-hour period 14:13 The mechanical verdlaton syst in residantl car raking areas may be swiched fff be ‘arton monovale coreenvato Is bow 25 ppm averaged over an Rou period 14.14 For he extaust part ofthe ventiaion syst, at lost 50% of the exhaust at shall b= cxtracte at ow level not exceecing 850 mm above the fished Toor, 2s meacured fom the op ofthe silt the ished oor 14:15 The supply ar sal ba dau croty tom the exairand it nak shal not be loss than 5m trom any exhaust sosarge openings Outlets fr the supay ai shal be adequately stated over the carpark area.188 553 : 2009 M8 The discharge pointe ofthe exaust venation syst 2) Shal be aranged to dscharge dea to the exter and shall rot be lass than § m auay ‘fom any Iniaxe opeangs, doorways or apertures fo prevent te re-enty of cbjectonabie ‘Sous oe ammabie pour nt the promees, ana 1b) Shal not fae or enarge Inthe rection a ny ejacentresidontal bung ‘4.47 Aboveground car park 14.4274. For aboveground ex atk, no mecharial veriatlon i equed for any pat ofthe car pare Whore natural veneaton opening of not les than 15% ef fe toor area served = provided. The ‘naturally verdad part of theca" par sha be within 12m Wom the vention opening except where ‘ross-vetabon fs provide, When smoke pursing system for aboveground car parks is requed, it shall comply wih the requremont ofthe Code of Practice fer Fre Precautions In Bulcings. 14:72 For aboveground carpark without eros vention, hare edional natal vention pening of not less than TE% ofthe eas beyond 12 m of the opening is provided, a reduces ‘Mechanical vetlatoneyeemin te for of fe exrazt may be prove to these areas a olows 8) Thaexvact system sabe able prove 1.2 alrchangos per hour, 1b) The supey pat canbe omit ane ©) The extract points shall be whely loaled at low level not excooding 650 mm above the Ainlsec foo ae messed rom the topo ne pil tthe renee foot 1447.3 Where rata vetlaton opening equivalent to not fs than 2% of the mechanically Ventiated ata s proved supply pat may de ome. 144.74 In lrge car park, combinaton of natural and mecharical vetlation may be provid as tated in Tab ‘Table 6— Mail of ventilation fr aboveground carpark ‘Size of ventlation psning ‘ods of ventilation tbe provided (Chottioor area) (Natural "NV Mechanical MN, or fume extract) Zonet Zone® Tora am ote WW Fume exact Si ofA + 2863 NY TV whut Sup5%) 15H ofA NV Mv, PhofAs Pore WV without ump | WV wehout soppy Beta MV whut supply mv Zone’ refrs a pao a ork win 12m of natura ventlaon opening “Zone roforstopart fea ark beyond 12 m of natural vention opening 235.553 2009 14:48 Basement car park 16.4.8 For basemont car sar the mechanical veilaton system shal be designed sucha way that {he quanty of replacement a shia not excees that a he exhaust a Thisrequrament is neceesry 0 ‘hat he cat park can be maitainod under nega pressure tall ines lo provost fe spread of roxous Gases Ilo adiacert occupied areas. In edton the sytem sha beso designed that can be operied intwo or mare sectons conforming othe folowing requremens 8) The capaci of each section sha be such that in the event of treakcown the remaining sections shoul at eset be ale to provide na the ota requvedalar he warey ») The sections may operate trough acomman duct wrk; ©) Each secon of he entation aystem shal beso contrlledthatin the event of falure of one econ he otter shai continue fo operat 4) The exhaust and suply parts ofeach secon shal be electrically introcked such tht furs of ery Seaton of tis exaust pat shal stomatal shut doom the coresponding section of tho spel part ©) tho-exhaust an supply pats shal be such tha they can continue te run automaticly nthe vent af aailze ne pina source of elects supply 14:18. For basement car ark xcooding one lve, the supply and exhaust pars shall be designed sch a way 2s fo minimise lntrmbang ofa between the detent levels 14:18. For cat park oat onthe at basement evel where come dagee of natural vention _svalabie, the mechanical vertatinrequoments a epctiod n 1417.1 may be modfed as flows 8) Where natural venation opening equivalent to not less than 2% of the mechanlealy ‘ventate area is previded, the supply part may be omits ») Ware the natural entiation opening provided isnot less than 15% ofthe car pack ama ‘served, a reduced mechanical vertiaton system inthe form of ume exvac a describ 4.4.7.2 ay be pried 14.424 Ina arg basomant carpark, 9 combination of diferent modes of mechanical vetiaon ‘may be provided as shown Table? ‘Table 7 —Mode of ventilation for basement carpark ‘Size of ventilation opening ‘Mode of ventilation to be provided (Chet oor area (Wechanical MV" or fume extract) 15% OfA+ 18% OB Fume Extract Fume extract 1S ofA 2% of Fone Brae Dv without upp) CE Sho Fome Brac mv hota 2h otb TV without supply TMV whut soppy BofA NV without supply wy, Zone’ refers to part car park within 12m of natural venlaion opening “Zane refers part of ea park beyond 2m of ara ventiaton opening38.553: 2009 (3855322008 4144.9. Smoke purging systems for basement carparks “smoke pursing systems for baserant car parks shal comply wit the requirements ofthe Code of Prats oF Precautions Bulrgs. 44:4.40 Were cars are pared and retaved with the engines of, the verlton requirement shall be detzmined by the relevant ator. 142 Fan systems fan power limitations Mechanical vendlatonsystms having a taal fan system power exceeding 4 KW shall comply with Tequremants given 1427 and "4.22, 44.24. Fan power intations ‘The rao ofthe fan system power to the Supply fan ai lw ate (main fn) of each si-contonng {stom at design conlions shal nt exceed the algae fan sytem power shown i Table 8. ‘able 8 Fan power imitation in mechanical ventilation systems ‘ilowablo nameplate motor Pow Constant volume Variabie volume 17kMns | 24 eos 142.2 Variable aie volume (VAV) fan control ‘aril volume fan contr! shal comply wth 14.2.2. 1422.4 Part load fan power limitation nual VAV fans wih rots 11 KW and arger shall meet one of he folowing requirements 2) Be tiven by a mectanical er elecrcal variable speed ctve or te fan shall be s vane-axal fan wih vate pitch Hades, 1b) Have other cons and devi forthe fan that wil resut in fan motor demand of ls than ows of dsign wattage at 50% of dalgn a vlume whon tac pressure setpoint equa one thir the total design stati pressure based on manutacture’s ere fan data 143. Kitchens: 143.4 Mecnanicaly ventiazd Kichens shal be cesigned for avert rate of not less than 20, Siresanges per hour as ghen in Teble § When Kishen hoods are operation, the exnsust ir rough te noods can be cowedered as cortroung to he emaust requrement for venation, 4432 Kitchen exhaust Exhausts fom hoods designed to capture smoke andor greaseaden vapour produced by 2 coking ows, inorpoatec wih feed grease removal daveas and fresuppression equpment shall be fected auey ror reo ard bung susacee, Exhaust docharge gl not mypnge on obstacles Such as parapets, avemange ang oterequpment and higher parts of buldngs. 4433 Mechanical exhaust sysiem forthe cooking area ofa kichen in @ hol, restaurant, cotes fouse oe he sal be Independent ofthese serng her pars offre buling.85 553 : 2008 1434 Sutflent makeup a shal be provided and negative pressure in he kien area shal be ‘ansined when the chen hood i in operation. Whether of rat the Ktchen foe ln operation, ‘he klchen shat ba proved wih vention n accordance wi Table 8 143.6 Kitonan exhaust none chal be nsalod above epplances of heating capacity greater than lev and key to gonerte pease vapour (eg ranges, yrs. barbecues), Whar groase Is presen, chen hoods incorporating ease ites shal be used 14:36 For appliances requing a kchen exhaust hood, the exhaust flow rte fs] shall not be lose than that gven inthe folowing formula, tls an lane” hood a= cave 2 WIRE CCaptre veocty which shall note las than 0:20 mis for commercial ype itehens Length of cokig surface, m Wid of cookin sutace, Distance of hoo to emtingsutace, 1.0 for heavy duly high terperatve, grease buming, deep-at tying cooking wih equipment suchas woke, Bodo, char boders normaly aseocated with sold og fl fing equipment 07 for fight duty, medium and low temperature cooking with equipment such as ovens, steamers range, grads a yore For wal-rounted hood, an be consitere as pat oan island ype hod composed of actual hood {nde mirorimage inthe wal. Thus the above forma ca leo be apled sn corrected, 143.7 Design considerations 143.7. Tne hood and dus forthe exhaust shall have a clearance of 600 mm fom unprotected Combustole mata, 1427.2 Tho exhaust shalbe dicharged dec to the exterior and away from the habitable areas tha bug, shal nt be les than Sm rom any aint opening, 142.7. Winere the extauat duct runs ouside the chon shal ether be enclosed in suc of Be constucad to gve at es! the sae fre rating a8 tha xicnen or that ofthe rom nrough which traverses, whiehower i higter. The rating shal appl to fro exposure rom both the internal and frtem par of tha cuct or arucure Where te dust eer le requred fobs enctced in & masomy ‘hat I shall be conparmertalsed tom te resto he shat space containing cher ducts or Servces insiaiatone 143.74 Fe dampo shall not be ites in chon exaust ducts 1438 ducts 163841 Kichen-oshaust cucts and shafts shall be sized and iste forthe flow rata of air necessary to remove te eon 143.82. Ducts fing prtof a kichen exhaust system shall be manufactured fom 5) Mid steel of hekness nt ess than 4.2 m,or ») Stans sto! of nstness not ess han 0.9 mm, or ©) Oterspproved mati