AJIMA3OBPHJVINAHTOBbIA KOMIMIEKC POCCHH — BYEPA, CETOAHA, 3ABTPA A.A. Ppudman, J.P. Toanexcnuxoe, O./1. Beuepuna Avwaso6pusumantopsiit Kommuexc (ABK) crpa- Hit cchopmuposasien rioce orkpstrua B CCCP B 60-x rogax MpouLIoro BeKa MPOMBIILIeHHBIX Me- cTopoxteHiit aiMas0e 1110 pauly NpHMH Noro BpeMsl OcTaBALTC OMHOH H3 CAMBIX 3aKPHITEIX OT oGulectBa Mes02KOHOMHUeCKUX CHCTeM'. Poccnifickite 2kOHOMMCTSI, 3aHMMaroUINeCA mpoGiemamn pasBuTHA Me309KOHOMUKH, BBI- nensoT TPM KpynHBIx sTara opwuposanna Honoit 9koHOMMKH PoccnH c Kontua 1980-x roo XX peKa 10 pitHaricon0-oKOHOMUIeCKOTO KPH3H- cca 2008-2009 rr. Teppsiii otan — otam nemonTaxa xosnit- cTpertHoro Mexarii3Ma WerpaTH30BaHHo yrpas- " Mesooxonownra — nicezezonanne dynkyuonupoeanua ‘yacTH 9konoMuecKoil cucment« Ha YDOBHE OTDAcieft WIM CeK- ‘TopoR SKOHOMMKH. TloHSTHE «4e209KOHOMIEKA» BODHITTO 5 MupoBolt SKoHOMHYeCKOM mMTeparype B cepemtitHe 80-X roo XX b. kak oSosHavenme criemiieckolt npexMerHo!t oGiacTH HIceenOBAHl, PacttosOXCHHOIt B OKOHOMIICCKOM npocrpaverse Mexity MaKPO- it MisKpoyponuisit. B oToit Cobepe HaxonsTox OTpacslt, PHIHKH, PerHOH, KPYTBIE Me~ >XOTPACHEBHIE SKOHOMHMMECKHE KOMILICKCH, COBOKYMHOCTHL TPeHUPHATHA, CrPyTIMpOBAHHIX TO HHEIM MpH3HaKaM. B 2001 r. Guo ony6uKonao neppoe B PoceHu HaysHoe oaHHe, eMHKOM TlocRAMeHHOe Me209KoHOMNKe, — MoHOrpadust «MesooxoHoMMKa MepexomHoro mepHosa: PHHKH, OTpact, npeampusTHse (M.: Hayka, 2001), nox ToTontenHoe KONTeKTHBOM coTpyauMKos LMM PAH nom peaked IB. Knetisepa, B 2011 r. msimuxa eme oma KomteKTHBHA MoHOrpAbNs, OGOOMtaIOUIAL oTpaciteBoe asairTHe cTpaHBt 3a TepBoe jecsTHUIeTHe XXI BeKa. CM: Mesoakoniomnka paspurus / Komexrupian Monorpadrin nox pea. w1.-xopp. PAH TB. Kneitnepa, M.: Hayka, 2011 (xonosarseckas Hayxa cospemeHHoHt Poccit) *BoencHme // MesooKonomnxa pasnimns. / Koniextio- ‘Has Moworpadia ton peu. ut.-kopp. PAH TB. Kneitepa. M. Hayxa, 2011; Ca. raxxe: Keetinep [:B. M3003xK0HOMIMKa paSBHTH: OT KPHSHCA K aHaGaaucy // SkoHOMMKa, Haxorn. Tipapo. 2011, Ne. 5. B oroit crarse cxaro ccbopMy.mponaHes OCHOBHBIC LETH H CONepxaHMe BBIIIeyKATAHHO; MoHO- Tpabun. Anwaavan nna Poccnn sixeMolt SKOHOMMKH (KoHeNt 1980-x — cepenMHa 1990-x rr.). FB. Kneiiep xapaxtepusyer ator 97aM KaK «97a pacuHCTKM> WIM «oTaM HeMH- CTHTYATNSALMH, yKasKIBas, HTO HMEHHO Tora TponsoUIeN paspEIB MEXIly MaKPO- H MUKpoypon- HSIMH poccHtficKOit 9KOHOMHKI; Bropofi stan — onsiTkH cosmaHMs CHCTeMEI HHCTHTYTOB MaKPOOKOHOMHYeCKOTO perysIMpO- pans (cepenuna 1990-x — Haano 2000-x rr.). B oror nepuon («makpooKoHOMH¥eckHit TaN») yeunus peopmaropos GBuIH Harpanenst Ha craGWTH3aNKHO SKOHOMMMECKOTO cbyHKIHOHH- POBAHHS CHCTeMBI B LLeOM Ha Gase YnpaBeHHA WHCTHTYTAMM, ONHAKO 9TH HANEKIIBI B UCIOM He onpannancn;* Tpeuit sta — npeaxpusucHoe pasBuTHe POCcHitcKoi SKOHOMHKH («MHKPOSKOHOMHTYe- cxuit stan»), Kora lesleBoik chepoik BEICTyTIATO KoprlopaTHBHoe yrpaBieHHe H pyre rIpoGsteMbt MHKPOYPOBHA. Tlockossky KpH3He MIpemMecTAyIOMIeTo TlepHo- Jia, cTalla o4eBMIHOM , KOTOPOE «BO3MOXHO TOKO Ha M€309KOHOMH- eCKOM: ypopne>®, ABTOPEI HaCTOsUe#i CTATSH, 1a H3 KOTOPEIX YWACTBOBAIM BO BTOPOH KONIEKTHBHO! MOHO- rpadbun («Mes09KoHOMuKa pasBHTus»)®, pas- Henssl Ce OCHOBHEIe TEOPETHYECKHE MOOXEHHS, » Kaeiinep [-B. Boexenne // M2s09KoHOMHKa pasBHTHA, C7, *Tascxe, * Tame. C. 5. © @puduan A.A., Teanescnuxos J.P. AnmasoGpwuman- ‘Tosaa orpacts Poccuu: ucropus, Hacroauice, Gynyutee... // ‘Mesoaxonommka paspirisa. C. 162246. n 139CuHTaWT, YTO HeBO3MOXKHO paccmaTpHBaTS HcTOpMi0 pasBUTHs aTMasoqOGEIBaIoUelt Mpo- MBIDIEHHOCTH PoccHH, 10 HelaBHero BpeMeHHt MOHOMOMBHO MpeACTABIEHHYIO LesATeMbHOCTHIO eIMHCTBeHHOH KpyrHOit poccHiicKoit KoMMaHiH AK , movepHsis KoMmaHus OAO «lyKoiut>. B Ipymmy «AJIPOCA» axons 4 anmasoq0681- Baroume KoMnanun — AK , OAO «Cesepammas» OAO . TocaesHelt, B cB010 ovepents, npuHamtexnT 100% axuutit OAO «Hinx- He-JTencKoe>. 7 Anwasbi //OcocTosHin n HcnousopaHii MiTHepaTbHO- cbIpbeBBIx pecypcos PoccutficKoit PexepartnH 3a 2012 rox. MAL «Munepa» (TocynapcrenHitt 1oKzad, nonroToB- JeHHEII Ho 3aKa3y MUHMCTepCTBa MIPHPORHBIX PECYPCOB Ht konornu PO) (www.mineral.ru), ‘Anwaavan wenra PoconmANMA305PUMMAHTOBBIA KOMNMEKC POCCKM — BYEPA, CETOAHA, 3ABTPA ‘Ocnonnme pacnpenesenmste mectopoxtenns anwason PO* Ta6nuya 2 AK «AIPOCAv (OAO), PecrtyGnitka Caxa (SIxyriia) TpyGxa Yaawitan 152,2 69,0 17,5 147 372 ‘Tpy6xa Mup 1419 33 11,5 3,62 1,90 TpyOxa lOGunefinas 153,9 67 12,7 0.9 6,60 TpyOka Mirrepriaunonaisnas 39,9 27 [42 8,97 4,00 Tpy6xa Aitxan 27,3 10,1 3.0 495 2,95 TpyOxa 3apanua 25,0 26,6 40 0.4 0,20 Boopasitensibie ratewHnKn (p) 48 01 04 0,94 Kap/at 0,02 Topusiit yuactox (p) 3,2 0.0 0,2 0,4 Kap/e 0.16 { OAO , ApxaHrembckasl O6NACTS TpyGxa ww. B.TpwGa 70.6 146 67 125 0 * TocymapeTaeHHbiM GalaHcoM yTeHo 74 MecTopoxileHHs anMasos. B pacripeneseHHoM bore Hemp HaxonsiTes 45 065 extos, — Anwaset // O cocTosiiiit m HicrionsonanH Mintepatito-chipbesbix pecypcos PoccuitcKolt Deitepaumit 3a 2012 rox. MAL «Mutnepane. C. 248, Homowux. Ammasst // O cocTosiHH ¥ HeTOMESOBAHI MiHepATbHO-cEIPEEBDIX Pecypcon PoccrticKoit Penepautit 3a 2012 rox. MALL «Mutntepae. C. 248, ‘Tperseit aimasonoGbisarouteli Komraxneli Poc- cumsmasetes 3AO «YpasiaiMa3>, mponomKarourast goGEIYy aiMa30B 3 pocesinett JleBoGepexHEIe Teppacsi Bombie-[lyropeKoro MecropoxkieHHist M- p. Cropoxenoit B [epckom Kpae!. OGtem ee 10- Gp14H HesHaunreten: B 2012 r. — 48,2 TbIc. Kap. Beero 8 2012 r. poceniickHMn KoMMaHHsMH, Gsu10 noGurT0 34,9 Mur Kap anmasos. Hons Fpyn- nist «AJIPOCA> nipesiuiaer 99,9%. Huis c10- "Tipusiawieaurr «Jeeves Fpyn> (pavins). — Anas // 0 cocTosiinH i HeTOABIOBAHHH MHHepaTDHO-ChIpLEBEIX pecypcon Poceufickoii Destepauun 3a 2012 rox. MAL «Mu- Hepa». C. 249, 251, 252. amu, Ppyra «AJIPOCA» stanseres aGcomorHtEIM, MOHOTIOMHCTOM Ha PBIHKe poccHiicKoro aIMasHO- To CBIPBsI H YcToiiNHBO 3aHHMaeT MepBoe MecTO Ha MHPOBOM alIMa306pHLIHAHTOBOM PEHKe (MABP) no o6emam 06s14n. B 2012 r. Tpynna Mposaia aimasos Ha cyMMy 4,45 MoIpi, Or11., W3 KOTOpEIX 3,9 MIpA ONLI. GELIO IpoaHo Ha 9KC- opr. OcHoBHbie okynatemH amMaso8 — Bembrist (2433 man aomu1.), Mans (692 marx n0001.), OAD (129,3 mame nom), Aspawtb (414,2 van nom). ? AsMasbi //O cocrosnis 1 crioxss0BaHHM MIHepAsHO- cipsesuix pecypcos Pocenitcxoit Dexepaunt 32 2012 roa. MALL «Muntepane. C. 251 ‘Anmaavan xwura Pocewn n 141142 pudman AA, TonnemHunoe ML, Bevepuna 0.N. 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 ©2005 Kommueerso vanesuit, som wr. 2006 2007 2008 2009-2010 2011-2012 m= Macca uanenuti, 7 Puc. 1. Konnwectao M Macca sonoTbix H cepeGpalbix H3enMii, onpoGosanueix u saKnelimennesx TocyaapcrseHHoi wHcneKyneli npo6upHoro Haqsopa Vicmownux, Haeirarop lonenvpoli Toprosn, 2013. Ne 10 (128). C. 32. B Pocenu paGoraer HecKONIbKO KpYIIHBIX rpa~ HIUIHBIX IIpeANPHATHI, B OCHOBHOM OGpaGarbI- ‘BAIOUMIX CbIPbE MOBbIIEHHBIX Pa3MepHO-BECOBBIX xapakTepucTuk. HanGonee sHaqHMBIMH H3. HX apasotes CMomencKoe HO «Kpucrant>, 3AO «Pyn3 Jaiimon3», «STL Daiimona> 1 apma ; HecKombKHMHt ecaTKaNit TPaHWAbHBIX MpeAMpHATHIL, M3 KOTOPBIX KPyN- HBIMM SIBUISIOTCA 4 (Os1HO 13 HX CTPYKTYPHO AB- sisetes wacrb10 AK « 1955 Orxpnrra tpy6xa «Yazasntase 14.01.1957 Cosnaw Tpecr «Slxyranstas» 1957 ZHaxa nepaste npossiutesine a1\2361 060 Taruventbtas cbaopxa No 1 1958 Booger okcrutyaranto oSoraTHTerBHe haGpuxat Ne 4, Ne 2. 1959 CCCP (aepes BTO «Cowsnpomaxeropr) "Mpouia Ha MHpOBOM PHHKe TlepByIO rapTHHo 1960 Orxpsrra tpy6xa «Anca». Haunniaeres paa- paborku npiucKa Hpensx 1961 Cosnanne pyaiiuxa «Aibxa> 1960-63 BTO «Cowsnpomaxenopr» sakaiowaer Tepable KOHTpAKTHI O MpONAKe aiMa208 ¢ «dle Bupe» Cpasy mocae OTKpbITHA MPOMBILLICHHEIX MecTopoxeHHit ammason B SkyTHM B 1955 r., pocculickwe creumanucTsi MpoBesiM HCcHetoBa- His MAPOBOTO PBIHKa 21Ma30B H PCKOMCHOBATH MpaBHTesbCTBY CTpaHbt PeaTH3OBEIBATH OTeNe- CTBeHHBIe 1ORETMPHEIe ATMa3bI Ha SKCTIOPT KOP- nopaunn «le Bupe. Yenonus, mpentoxersute Kopriopauneit «le Bupc», ssirono onmmuannt TOCHEHIO! OT APYTHX areHTOB MMPOBOTO aIMas- HoTo pBIHKa, MOCKOABKY mpeslycMaTpHBAH: — 3akynku GonbUIMX NapTHit poccuiicKHx amMasoB; — HeMemienHyto ormiary B os1apax CLA; — cTaGWIbHBIe HeHBI Ha OcHOBe mpelicKy- paHron; — cOnT poccniicKHX amMa30B Ha MHpOBOM pBIHKe Yepes COLITOBBIe CTpyKTYpBI KOpropaluKt «lle Bupe>. Basopast CTOMMOCTE asIMa30106BI4H B CpeHeM e@XeroHO cocTapnsula Goree MMLIMApma NOILA~ pos. PextaGenbHocTs orpacan mpesbuiata 70%. B coataHHi u pasBuTHH oTevecTBeHHOrO ABK BbIaoMyioca por chirpan A.H. Kocsirun', " Koctirun Anekceit Hukostaesu (1904—1980). Bautaio- undies rocysaperseHHEt HM napriiiastit neste, XBAKIL Tepott Connamcrayeckoro Tpyaa (1964, 1974). Oxonsiet JTlenmnrpanexuit texcriutsustit muicTurryr (1935). Tpowen YT OT aMpexropa ¢aGpKn no mpemcenarena Conera Munnctpos CCCP. Ceirpax ssiaaioutyiocs poms 8 repo, Besxoii OrevecrseHHoit point (1941—1945 rr.) Bwoccra- ‘Anwaavian wotnra PocentANMA3OBPUAAMAHTOBBIA KOMNMEKC POCCHM — BYEPA, CETOAHA, 3ABTPA KYPHPOBABIIMit OCHOBHEIe BOMpockl ero (byHK- UMOHMpOBAHUS. Bropas cramua Havaiacb B cepemuue 1960-x rr. XapakTepH30Ballach PellleHMeM MpaBHTETbCTBA © pa3BUTHM TpaHWAbHOTO TIPOMSBONCTBA H 10Be- AIMpHOHt MpoMBULIeHHOcTH. Hama crpakta osBH- J1acb Ha MAPOBOM auIMa306pHLIHaHTOBOM PEIHKe (MABP) xe Tomko Kak almason0GzIBAaloMlas, HO M Kak aIMa30oOpabaTbIBalomlas 1ep:kaBa. B 1963 r. Hava paGorars CmoneHckuit sano «Kpucta (C3K). B Tom xe roy orpaHIIHk B.M. Topxopux orpanus Ha 3anone neppEtii oTevecTBeHHBIit OpWLIMaHT M3 SKYTCKHX amMa- 308; SKCHeprHad KOMHCCHA MpoMsBesia TepBy!O COPTHPOBKY H OLEHKY CMOMIeHCKUX OpHLIMAHTOB, OHH GeLIH GsICTpO MposaHBI. B 1967 r. 8 CMo- JeHCKe GbUI OTPAaHeH MILUIMOHHBIA 6pHLIHAHT. C Tex nop suca0 orpakeHHBix B CMomeHcKe alt- ‘Ma30B NepeBariiLTO 3a MHJLIMApH. Bcero » CCCP 6x10 noctpoexo cems rpa- HIUIbHBIX 3aBo08 «Kpuctani». M3 HUX TPH — B Poccu (CmosieHck, Mocksa, BapHay.), ba Ha Yxpanne (Kues, Buriiua), onus Beropyccum (Tomeab) 4 oH B ApMexuu (nog Epesaom). Orpanxy ammason nponsnomun Tacxe KycuHcKuit 3aBOl TOUHBIX TexHMyecKHX KamHelt'. B 1985 r. OGbeM MOCTaBOK Cbipbst Ha BHYTPEHHMH PBIHOK CO crapyisut 2,2 MJIH Kap. Chips Ha cyMMy 149,8 Nom JOM., BT.4. MO NPeANPUSTUSIM, PACTIONOKEHHBIM Ha Teppuropun PC@CP, — 1,2 Maw Kap. Ha cymmy 101,7 mama osur.? TpanMibHbte saponbt Men BOSMOXHOCTS BEIGOPA CBIpbA, HauGonee HOBIEHHH paspyuleHHoro BORHOM Xosaiicrea. C 1960 r. On Tan daxTit¥ecKHM PYKOBOMITTe:TEM Boett CHCTEMDT MPOMEI- JTeHHOTO MpowspoICTHA K TuIAMpORAHH B CCCP. ABrop ‘«Koctiriicatx pecbopM 8 SKOHOMHKE®, OPHEHTHPORARHED Ha Mepexom OT aIMHHHICTpaTHBHO-KOMAHAHBIX MeTOOB YiIpanTeHHs K MeTONAM SKOHOMIYECKOTO peryHPOBAHHA i eTHMymHponarA, Kora TMaBHBIM ToKaZaTeIeM PaGOTEt "Mpeampusrritsros-xeH 6811 crars He OGBeN MIpoHSHENeHHO!, apea#sonarHoit npoayknum. Fpentoxesusi AH, Koceiri= 1a 600TH oTpeprityrér napTiTitikIMt roteoTOraNH. Kycunickiit 340 TOXHEIX TeXHITHeCKHNX KaMHeHt (c 2000 r. OAO «Toxant») 6xu1 o6pasonant ene n 1943 r. BpawKax "Mporpanest 3paKyAllNH CTpaTerHecKOft MPOMBIMILIEHHOCTIX ‘eTpant Ha nocToK B moc. Kyca YensGuticKott oGacrnt 1a ase actu nepconana Yrmmuckoro (TTK-2) u Mereprod- ‘ekoTO 348008 TO'HEDK TexHHTHecKHX KaMtHeft (TTK-1).. 7 Tog makcuMambHoro pacuweTa rpaHvIbHOM OTpACsIH B ‘coperexitit Mepvou. ‘Anmaavan wira Pacer adbexrupuoro K orpaHKe. O6ulas 4HCIeHHOCTb MPOv3BO/ICTBEHHO-POMBILILIEHHOTO TlepcoHasia 8 1985 r. cocrannana 16 500 ve0BeK, H3 HX “HIC~ J@HHOCTS OrTpaHULMKOB — 3686 ye0BeK. Makcu- MaIbHBIH OGbEM MPOHSBONCTBA 6PHLIMAHTOB B CCCP 3a sce Bpemst cyniectBoRaHMA TpaHWIbHOMt orpacsm cocrapisn 570 Mam Non. TIpH OGbeMme Torpe6xenus chips Ha 9TH WeTH B 460 MAH domi. TakHM 06pa30M, MaKCHMallbHas 106aB- JEHHAs CTOUMOCTS, Hony¥eHHas poccuiicKoit TPaHWIbHO! MPOMBIILIEHHOCTbIO, cocTaBsA 110 vom nour. PparwrHas npompmurenHocrs BeerMa ABNATAC IKCMOPTHO-opHeHTHpOBAHHOt orpacabio. Ha BHemHHi PbIHOK MoOcTaBIAI0Ch 97% npowssomuMerx B crave 6pHutmantos. Bu- TYCKaeMBIe GPHLTMAHTbI OTIMYAIICb BICOKUM, YWaCTO SKCKIIO3MBHBIM Ka4eCTBOM, HO MIpHBO- AIWAIH K GONBIINM TOTepsM CbIPbs IPH OrpaHKe, BBIXON POMHOTO No cpaBHeHMIO c KpyTMHeHLNMMHL TPAHWIbHBIMM UeHTpaMH MHpa OBL JOBOTBHO HH3OK. B 1970 r. B pamkax cymecrayiomett rocynap- CTBCHHOM MOHONONHH Ha BHEUEHIOW TOproBTIO GbUIO O6pa30BaHO BHELLHETOPrOBoe OGbEMHEHHE , KOTO- pas HacunTsrparta 300 1opemMpHBIX MarasHHOB Ht 350 creunamH3HpoBaHHbix CeKIIMil YHHBEpMAroB. Kpone toro, memes pasmmuniste CeKLIMH B Crt cteMe notpeGKoonepannn H BoeHTopra, a TaKKKe pasiMMHBIe ynpaBAeHHA H OTHeMEI pabouero CHAOKCHMA B 3AKDBITHIX TOPOMAX H OTMATEHHBIX paiionax. K 1991 r. o6bem Topropam socTar 8270 Man py6., H3 HHX MponaxkH 10BeTHpHEIX wanemuit ¢ GpwuIMaHTamn cocranasiH 992 vot pyG. IOnenmpHas npomnumenHocth B 1991 r. mepepaGaripasta 47,8 T 3on0Ta (999°). Citpoc Ha lopempHtste H3/leHs, ocobeHHO Ha uaieans c OpuAHaHTamH, TlocTosHHO omepe- 2xall MpeluioxeHe, CopeTeKasi Be MpHas T1pO- MBILIDICHHOCTb MIpakTH¥eckH Bcersa paGoTasia B YCTOBHSX PBIHKa, TO TOSBOMHO efi AOCTATOMHO GuicTpo MepectpOHTHCA B HOBEIX YCIOBHIIX, Ha BHeUIHeM pBIHKe 9KCMOpT 1opemMpHBIX vsnenmit c GpwWIMaHTaMH OcyulecTBAAT TaK- xe AIO9, omHaKo OGbeMEI 9KCHOpTHpyeMolt JoseAMPHOH MponyKUMH Boerna OBLIM HesHaH- TENBHBIMH, DTO OOLACHSTOCK, B TepByIO O4e- Peab, MPOTeKUMOHMCTCKHMH GapbepaMu ApyTHX CTpaH, 3alMUalouMX CBOMX NpoMsBoLMTENeH 1 BHyTpertHmit puinoK. Kpome Toro, copetcKyio JOBeTMPHYI MPOMBILLUTIEHHOCTS BCera OTANYATO ‘@pudman A.A, TonnennuKos /1.0, Bevepuna 0... cTpeMmenue K KONMYecTREHHBIM oKasaTensM B yulep6 KaxecTBy, 470 OcoGeHHO HeraTHBHO cKasbIBalOch Ha TAKOM SKCKIIOSHBHOM Oporo- cTosiieM ToBape KaK JOBeNTHpHBIe ykpaMeHH ¢ Spiumartamn. OrpuuaTenbHo cKaSKIBAaCh H GeHocTh npewaraemoro accoptumexta. B To BpeMst Kak KpyTIHefiuIHe MponsBOAMTeAH 1oBe- SMpHEX Hone, HanpuMep, Mami, TpaTHTH SHANHTENbHBIe YeHMA Ha paspa6oTKy HOBOTO suisaiitia M accopTHMeHTa HaleNHit, Hama mpo- MBILILIEHHOCTS 13 rota B TO MPOHSBONHIA OHH H Te2ke He TlOTESyIOUIMecs cTIpOCOM MojteMTH. TakxKe HHKOTIa CepbesHO He H3y¥aTHch MoTpeGuTeAb- ckHe MpenMO¥TeHHA B Toi WIM HHO CTpaHe, He MPOBOAWTHCh CKONSKO-HUGYiAb SHAYUTETBHEIC MapKeTHHTOBBIe HCCmeOBAHH. 1963 Costar CaoneHcxutt rpaniutsieitt 34800 1965 Tloctarosnenue Mpasitrensetsa CCCP 0 cosnanint 8 CCCP paspitroft ronennpHort powstuutesHocrH 1966 Cosnan Beecowstniit Hayso-necnenona~ Tembckntt HHICTHTYT 1OBeNMPHOM MPOMBII- aennocTu (BHMMiosemupnpomt) 1966 Cnana n oxonayaranio oGoratirerbHas ‘aGputxa Ne 3 Br. MupHom. 1967 Cosnanue mpunicxa 1976 Breen 6 3Kcrityaranitio MepBas O¥epe ms TopHo-oGoratHTensHOrO KOMGUHaTa Ha ‘pyOKe «Vaasa 1979 Cosnaxt Yaasnsnicknt ropHo-oGorarieren- Hult KoMOunar 1986 Cosnan Aitxamscxstit ropHo-oGoratirexs- Hui KoMGunar. Hayarst ocpoenue TpyOxH ‘«lOGuseitHas» « crpouTenscTao (baGpu- HN 14 i 146 ‘Anmaavan wnra PoconnANMA305PMAAMAHTOBBIA KOMNNEKC POCCMM — BYEPA, CETOAHR, 3ABTPA Takum o6pasom, K Konny 80-x rr. B Co- BeTcKom Cowse 651M cosmaHbI YHHKATbHBIe YouOBHA UIs (POPMHPOBAHHA eMHOTO ATMA3HO- SpwumanToBore Komrulexca (ABK), He HMcI0- lero aHATOTOB HH B OHOMt crpaxe Mupa. Bee TosoTpacaM YcnelHo pasBuBamich, MpHeM Be 13 HX — aTMaso06BI4a H TOReAMpHAs TIpo- MBILLICHHOcT — OTAMYATMC 3HAYHTeEMbHO! peHTaGenbHOCTHIO, HAMHOTO MpeBocxonAMIcit cpeatine moKasaTerH peHra6enbHOCTH 114 pO MBILLIEHHOCTH B L1es1OM. Onnako » Te >e romp BeTeACTRMe 3HAH- TeABHOTO YBeNHYEHH! OGBEMOB AIMAI01OOBI4H Pe3KO YXYsIINHIHCh FOpHO-TeosIOrH4eckHe Yo10- BUS SKCILIYATALLHH OCHOBHBIX MecTOpoxe Hit BCKPBILIHEIe paGoTHI, OGecriewMBaroUIMe pacumH- PeHHOe BOCTIPOHSBONICTBO, MPOUSBORHINCH B He OcTaTOUHDIX OG be Max. O6pasOBAHHIO KOMIUIEKC Tpeni#TeTHOBAsIA HecOrMaCoBAHHOCTs HHTepecoB KpYMIHBIx FOCymapCTBEHHTEIX BeLOMCTB, KYPUPYIO- ux oTaenbHBIe cocrapimiomme ABK, — Mutt- upetwera CCCP, MurnpuGopa CCCP, Muncbu- wa CCCP, MBT CCCP, Mustopra CCCP 1 ap. ‘Tperba H nocienHad craqua pasBHTHs coBeT- ckoti amaso6pwuTHaHTOBOH MPOMBILLIEHHOCTH Havaach B 1988 r. nocae NpHHSTHS MpaBuTerb- cTpom pees o costanun TocysapcrBeHHoro YIpABIeHHs 1parolleHHBIX MeTALIOR 1 ATMax0B np Cosere Munwetpos CCCP — Tnananas- sonoro CCCP wt oxonmaace B 1991 r. B cRAaH C pacniatom CCCP. OcHopHsimn satan 9Toro Anwaavan xuwra Pocean KomuTera GbuIH onpeseneHDt WeH- ‘TpaH3OBAHHOe yrIpaBTeHHe 10ObI- eit mparoueHisix Meraton (30107 M MeTanoB MaTHHOBOI rpynmbt) Hf aIMa3oB, a TAKE rpaHWIbHOH MH JosesIMpHOit OTpactsMH TIpOMBILLTeH- HOCTH H OMTOBOIt Topronmtell MMH KaK BHYTPH CTpaHBI, TAK Mt 3a py6eKOM (kpome sonora). Brepsste Osia TpenMpHHsTa MactrraGHast MOmsITKa coe;tMHeHH Bcex OTpactelt aMaz0- 6prtHaTOBOTO KOMTUTeKCa, aTAKKE SOTOTOROGHIIH H 1OReTHpHOI Mpo- MBILWICHHOCTH MO STH10H OLHOTO Munucrepersa, Mpenttonaraitock, 40 OGbeRMHEHHe aIMasHOTO H 3OTOTOTO TPOMBIILIEHHEIX CeKTOPOR B OHY cHIcTeMy Tox emHHBIM yrpABIeHHeM OysleT crio- coScrBOBaTb Hx pasBHTHIO. KpoMe Toro, BrepBbIe Gsura cbakTMeckH HapyuieHa MoHOTIONMa BHeLI- Heit ToproBH, MpOBOMLHMas B KH Muttitcrep- cTBOM BHeMIHel TopropmH CCCP, nockoabKy A1O9 rakxe poutes B cocrap «F'anatMa3s0s10TA>. Tlepabim pykonomitesem HoBolt cTpykTypHI cra B.B. PyzaKon, sHaenue m4HocTH KoTOpoTO B PA3BUTHH COBETCKOTO H TloTOM poccuiicKoro ABK HeBO3MOXHO TlepeouleHHTE’. Takum oGpasom, CCCP nonsrraies coanars CTPYKTYpY, BAOGBIBAIOMLe!K 4ACTH BHeM-TO aHa10- THuHyIo KoHTOsOMepary «Je Bupe> (aimasb1) — “AHTNO-AMepHK9H> (307070 Ht TLIaTHHa). 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[ostomy “Hu alle Bupes, it «Anrn0-AMepukoH» HNKoraa He MpepepHUMpoRA CHO OHSHECHI B OGpaGaTEBAIOUIYTO npomtimmtensiocrs, Hanporun, crennanucret «fe Bape» MHOTOKpaTHO NYOAHYHO IasIRLAIK O HesIOTYCTHMOCTH PAIBHTHA TpAHILTEHOTO GusHeca ATMas0IOGUIBAIOLIHIMH KOMTIaHSIMIC Kak H3-38 ONEBHIHOTO Kon IuKTa UNTepECOB, ‘TaK HMO MPHYHHE conepUleHHO pasnHNOrO MeHTaNUTETA CcHeUMATHCTOR B aMasoOGKINe M O”paHKe. ‘Orserv, 170 oGpasonapuiascs 82012 r. wa Gase TOKyT- ki atwazoq06niBaloutero GuaHeca «Bu-Bit4-Tu/Bus.urroH> crapelimelt p orpacaH oBeMMpHOH KOMMaHMet «Papp Yunicrox zaitMona» Kommanus no¥ri cpasy mponiata nce GHSHeCH, CBASAKHEIE © TponapoAcTHOM H PeaTHGAULHeM ¥ACOB H }OBeTHPHEIX Hae JM — HMeHHO 193-38 HeBOSMOKHOCTH YerleUINOTO pasBHTTHs! 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Butcrpo Hapacraioumit 8 CCCP counano- OKOHOMMYeCKHit KPH3Me Mopasiut Bee Ges Hc- KMOWEHHA OTPACTH SKOHOMMKH, BKMOYAA HL HanGoslee Gnaronoay4Hbte, H MpHBeN K TOMY, 4TO ONOTOBAMIOTHHIe PesepBEI TOcymaperBa (B TOM uHeHe H anMasét) pacnponaBamvich — B T10- TIBITKaX COXpaHHTs cyutecTByIoNMTt cTpolt — Ha CIOMMHYTHBIe HYAME, Ges yueTa TONIMHHEIX jonrocpoyHsrx notpeHocreti crpanbr’. C pacria- som CCCP, paspyienment Bceit aKOHOMMeCKOIt (CHCTeMBI CTpaH H HaXiasioM mepexomla K PEIN Holi 9KOHOMHKe OTpacitb B eTOM OKagaIaCh B xpaiinie TaKeIOM MOTOXKeHHH. Paspurne cobsrrati n poccuiicxom ABK. Yersep- Tas crasuat Havatace B 1992 r. u nponowKaracy 310 1995 r., Kora HeTeK CpoK ocueHeTO Corsa ureHsc «Jle Bupe>, sakmouennoro ene B.B. Py- JaKOBBIM Kak raBoit Prapamassonoro CCCP. B pesyaprate auKeviauun Paapanmaszonora PoccHiickHe amMasHO-GpHLUTHAHTOBAA, S010TO- JOGEIBAIOUIAN H 1OBEMMPHaA OTPacmH TIPOMBIL- 1991 ? MaxcumyM sonoToro samtaca 3a ace routy cyutecTBOna- nus CCCP Gnu gocrurnyr 6 1953 r. cocrasiut 2048,9 r. B Havare 1991 r. sonoroft sanac coctasit1 TombKo 484,6 1. Tloxpobxiee cx.: Conpeenntit psitoK sonora / Ton pez. 3.9.8. BM. Bykaro, 11.9.4. M.X. Jlamutyca, M.: Dunarics: u crarueTika, 2004. C. 220. Hao otwetiT, ¥T0 307070 HenOAbsOBUIOCe KAK CTPATETHMECKH pesepB BEICLINM PY- KOBOCTBOM CTpan, HauuHas c KoHUA 50-X rostoB, [lane (06 9TOM, HaCKOBKO HaM H3HeCTHO, BItepBaIe Gb oMyGH- opal B kititre: Tluxos P.P. ConeteKuit Coos: ncropust acti 1945-1991. M.: PAC, 1998. C. 370, Anmaanan xnura PoccinANMA3OBPHAAMAHTOBBIA KOMMAEKC POCCHM — BYEPA, CETOAHA, 3ABTPA JeHHOCTH OcTaTHICh Ges sfiexTHBHO! exMHOT KOOpAMHUpyioutelt opraHW3aulMH, BTO Xe BPEMsL Koorlepallna Mexily HUMH ObuIa SaTpyaHeHa WK, ‘acTHIHO paspymieHa H3-3a OGUIeTO CHIDKEHHs OKOHOMHMECKOH AKTHBHOCTH B cTpare. Kpome Toro, B cTpane Hayates nepenen coGCTBEHHOCTH, M BIACTHBIX NOMHOMONHH, B TOM YHCMe MEKIY perHonaMn 1 LeHTpoM. 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Kak H3BecTHO, Mocue nponesenus npuBa- THBAIMH B 3010TOLOGHIBAIOUelt OTpacmH GBLTO o6pasoBaHo Gonee 600 1opunMYecKHx aH, KO- Topble NONY'YHAM AWLEHSHM Ha MpaBo NOsIb30- BaHHsl Heapamu'. CormacHo noxnany CuerHoit Tlanarsi, 3a 1992 rox 4 I xeapran 1993 r. 6bum TpHBaTHSMpOBAHE! Bee MpeANPUsATHs OBEMPHO! TPOMBILLICHHOCTH H 1aCT 30NOTOOGKIBAIOULHX oGbeKTOB”. Beero aa 1992-2002 rr. Gwin0 Bbutano 4,2 Tate. ueH- suit Ha aparouerite MeTaUIb4 H AparoLleHHBte KaMHut. B CO- ompetcraui en. 19 Tlonoxerts o nopsuike suueHsHponaHns HOMs0RAHHS HempaMit, YrBePALeHHOTO NOCTAHOBTEHHEM Bepxontioro Conera PoccuiicKoit Pexepauuu or 15 worst 1992,rona Ne 3314-1 amen mpegocrapnsmucs Beem He Iportonsa0BaTes1AM Ge3 KONKYDCA. ? Avamits mpotteccon npusatusauuu rocyaapeTseHHort coGcrsennocri B Pocemiickoit Denepauun 3a nepHoa 19932003 roms (akcneprHo-aHammruveckoe MeponpHs- tue) / Pyxonomirests paGovelt rpynnsi — Tpencenarens (Cyerioit naxaris Pocenttexoit Dexepanuen C.B. Creniann. M.: Manatemscrao «Onuras, 2004 (http://rusref.nm.ru/ privo0.htm). 4.01.1992 AIOD nepeaant B nomunHenNe Munibunry Po OGpasonana axuvonepHaa KoMTaHA «Ast- Masbt Poccnm—Caxa» Ospasonant Komstrer P® no parouersnim MeraiuiaM H sparolleHHBIM KaMHaM TIHO «SIxyranwas» ynpasuiieno, Erompeen- utkom crata AK «AJIPOCA», pacnooxeH- xiag pr. Mupiiowtc npecranirresiscTBastit 8 Sixyroxe Mockse ‘@opwmponastne rpynnit «AIPOCAS vepes yyuacTute KoMmaHK B npouecce Mpmnarisa- ust» Pocent Wecrek epox nocneanero cormamenns c «Te Bupe> Kpone Toro, Ha orpacit B 1e10M, GesycOBHO, BosmelcTBOBATM MOLIHBIe HeHTpobexkHBIe TeH- JHMM, MposBHBUMMecs c pacnanom CCCP. Tak, okasailiicb BHe IopHCAMKUMH PO 4 us 7 rpaHwn- HEIX 34807108. OcHOBOM masleHH OGbeMOB MpOH3- BoscTRa Ha OCTABINXes Ha TeppHTopuH PoccuHt aanomtax «K pica cTao 6BicTpoe YMeHBIIeHHe OGoporHEIX cpelCTB, NPUYHHOH KOTOPOTO ABUEIACE kak nH(bnsnia pyGna 10 oTHOMIeHHIO K OILIApY, TaK H CHCTeMa HalorooGNOKEHUA, MIpHBeNIast K H3bATHIO OGOPOTHBIX cpexcTB MpesnpusATHit B BHIe HaOTOR, a TAK HeMOMTOTOBNEHHOCT PYKOBOJICTBA 3ABO/1OB K PLIHOMHBIM YCTOBHSIM XO- aniicTaonaHns.. Kpusvic MeHespkMertTa eule Goce YCWIMIUICH OTCYTCTBKEM HaaxKeHHOit COBITOBOH (CeTH, MOCKONBKY 3aBONBI MPONOIDKALIH TIPOH3BO- JIMTs KCHOpTHO-OpHeHTHpOBAHHY! NPONYKLWIO, Ho He HMeIH OMBITa paGoTsI B YCTOBHAX OCTpOIt KOHKYPeHILMH cei OTPaHUMKOB Ha MHPOBOM PBIHKe 6pHUTHAHTOB. He ynaocs coxpanurb euHoe ynpanienne sonoToqoGniYell, pacriapmieiics Ha pal MenKUX MacTHBIX MpeaMpusTHit, KOTOPEIe B YCHOBHEX ‘TOTANLHOTO KOHTPOMA TOcysapeTBa 3 3O.OTBIM 3amacoM, HO TIpH OTCYTCTBHH CpenCTB B 61010Ke- Te Ha eT MloKynky, Bce Goslee NepemenLatHich B ccbepy TeHeBOH 9KOHOMUKH. B 10 xe BpeMsl MOAHOCTHIO NpUBATHSHpOBAH- asi JOBETMpHas MPOMBIILUIeHHOCT He TONDKO BEI- 2XXWIa, HOM HHTEHCHBHO pasBHBasACb, TABHEIM OGpasom, 3a CHET MHTEHCHBHOTO cO3slaHHiA He- GombUIHX bupM c OTeMECTHEHHTEIM H CMeIIAHHLIM KamlHTasIOM, KOTOPbIe OKA3ATHCb 3HAYHTEHO Gosee MOGIIBHBI B YCHOBHAX PEIHOHO! 9KO- Homuku. B 1994-96 rr. 8 posHusHoit ToproBie 19.02.1992 30.09.1992 01.01.1993 1993-96 1995 ‘Anwaanan xuwra Pocenn 149