Karl Marx:

Exploitation, class conflict, capitalism, labor and revolution are the most
fundamental things that have been heard while reading Karl Marx. A proper way
and peculiar mechanism have been developed by capitalist to exploit a particular
class to create dominance and manipulation over them. A new lens has been
conferred by Marx to see the specialty in social stratification. These are some
basic premises of Marx’s theory on which his whole discourse is placed. No doubt
Marx has been an influential figure among the history. Although, he faced a
gigantic criticism but still impacts of his theory and critique on Capitalism can
never be underestimated. When Marx rose from his childhood, he saw a scenario
in which capitalism developed and it had had affect his mindset. So, in this sense
he lambasted the rise of capitalism. In the book Marx: A Short Introduction, Peter
Singer conferred that the influence of Marx on the human history is no less than
the influence of Jesus. Also, he is considered as a sociologist and there are two
most important theories which he represented.
1- Social Stratification: Economic factor
2- Rise of capitalism: Class conflict and exploitation

Max Weber:
Ideas, religion, protestant, and capitalism are the most important ideologies that
have been come across while reading the Max weber. In the understanding Max
Weber, we often see another perspective that how capitalism have developed.
When there was a huge influence of Marx’s theory, Weber came and gave a
shocking but a great insightful analysis on the development of Capitalism. If we
carefully see the historical background, we come to know that the Weber is
luckier than Marx because he completely see the development of capitalism. It is
also true that Marx see urbanization, industrialization, and rise of capitalism but
Weber analyze it a step ahead than Marx. In the case of Weber, we would analyze
two basic theories that are common in case of Marx but with a different
perpective.
1- Social stratification: Power, Prestige Debate
2- Rise of capitalism: Ideas based analysis
Rise of Capitalism
Theory of Karl Marx:
Theory of Karl Marx is based on economy. Before going on let’s define what
capitalism actually means. Capitalism is an economic system in which workers
work to produce commodity for the capitalist who own commodity, means of
production and human labor through wages. His theory profess that capitalism is
not only an economic system but a political system where manipulation and
exploitation are the key values. Despite indulging or plunging into the whole
discourse, check some points and try to sum it up.
Marx said that the commodity is a source of alienation because it separate human
potential from the workers. This has two aspects use value and exchange value.
Eventually it leads us toward fetishism of commodity which according Marx is a
phenomena in which worker worships that he has made by himself. Marx also
considered it as mysterious phenomena. But analysis of debate of commodity can
be describe as
In non-capitalist system
Commodity-Money-Commodity
In capitalist system
Money-Commodity-Money
It means that capitalist system is based on profit and this profit is often get
through the process of exploitation, exploitation of worker. Let’s take an example,
we know at the time of corona, there was a huge competition among the
companies to produce masks. So, in this sense they develop a different type of
mask by simply making some designs and hallucinations on it. So, for making
more money they simply use human potential or labor on the same wage. In this
type capitalist make more money by just exploiting the working class.
Marx explained that there would become two classes working and capitalist. This
exploitation eventually leads toward class conflict and this is how capitalism rise.
In his next systemic discourse he gave his procedural form which conferred that at
least working class would rise and eliminate the capitalist class.
Theory of Max Weber:
To understand the Weber, we need to understand the historical context. Karl
Marx gave his theory but at that time urbanization, industrialization and
capitalism were a step back as compare to the Weber, when he propagated his
ideas above mentioned things were a step ahead than Marx. So, Weber has a
time to see things by his view.
In contrast to Marx, Weber consider that only economy is not the factor to
determine rise of capitalism. He stressed that there was something different that
lied behind the rise of capitalism and he conferred it ideas. In this rise he
considers that the some ides lie behind it especially religious set of ideas.

some ideas
Rise of particularly religious
capiatalism ideas lie behind it,
basically calvinism.

concept of hard
work
Predestination god dislikes time
off.
all work is holly.

there is no magic.
everything should
Rationality be in raeson.
it aparts tradition.