Selecting with and without replacement

Dependent and independent events

Context

 Events that occur in succession or at the same time

 Dependent – the occurrence of one event affects the probability of another event occurring
o Picking cards out from a hat without replacement
o The occurrence of pulling one card from the hat affects the probability of all future
cards being pulled from the hat, if there is no replacement
o In this case, pulling cards from a hat is dependent on how many cards have been
pulled from the hat
 Independent – the occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of another event
occurring
o Tossing a coin twice – successive coin tosses are not affected by the outcomes of
previous coin tosses
Conditional probability