. ‫ اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن‬:‫ ﺷﺮح‬. ‫ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ‬:‫ ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‬.

‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬

. ‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ‬
َ‫ﺤ‬َ ‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ‬
َ ‫ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ‬.‫ د‬:‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‬
www.almahatwary.org

 
 
    
           :‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‬
   
    
   :‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺂﺀ‬
    
 
    :‫ﻭﲦﺮﺗﻪ‬

              
  
 
     
  
     
   
  
    
  
  
   
        
  

       

      
  
   
 z{
 
(١)
 . ‫ اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن‬:‫ ﺷﺮح‬. ‫ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ‬:‫ ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‬. ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬
. ‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ‬
َ‫ﺤ‬َ ‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ‬
َ ‫ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ‬.‫ د‬:‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‬
www.almahatwary.org

  
  
 
 
 

 
z{   
   
 
‫ﻗــﺎﻝ‬$
(١)
    
 -       
        
            
    
  

    
 
                 
      
 
  ‫ﺮﺝ‬
 ‫ﺃﺧ‬
   $
 
   
 
  
    
- ‫ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ ﺯﻳﺪ ﺍﶈﻄﻮﺭﻱ‬.‫ ﺩ‬:‫ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬-‫ﻡ‬٢٠٠٢-‫ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬.١٥٥-١٥٤ ‫( ﺹ‬١))
.‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬

(٢)
 . ‫ اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن‬:‫ ﺷﺮح‬. ‫ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ‬:‫ ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‬. ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬
. ‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ‬
َ‫ﺤ‬َ ‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ‬
َ ‫ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ‬.‫ د‬:‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‬
www.almahatwary.org

        

&   
  ^
:‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻑ‬:‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬:‫ﻓﺎﻻﺳﻢ‬


 
  
        
            
‫ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺝ‬
$         
 
 
 
^
 
 & 
$        
   
    

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 . ‫ اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن‬:‫ ﺷﺮح‬. ‫ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ‬:‫ ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‬. ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬
. ‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ‬
َ‫ﺤ‬َ ‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ‬
َ ‫ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ‬.‫ د‬:‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‬
www.almahatwary.org

  
           
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   
   
      
        
 
 
             
  
   
      
  
     
  
      
      
     

   
  $$
   
     
  
 
  

.‫ﺎ ِﺭ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﻦ ﺍﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﺑ‬‫ﻪ ﺍ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫( ﺃﺧ‬١)

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 . ‫ اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن‬:‫ ﺷﺮح‬. ‫ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ‬:‫ ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‬. ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬
. ‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ‬
َ‫ﺤ‬َ ‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ‬
َ ‫ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ‬.‫ د‬:‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‬
www.almahatwary.org

 
:‫ﻴ ـ ِﺔ‬‫ـﱳ ﺍﻵﺟﺮﻭﻣ‬ ‫ـﻒ ﻣـ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﻟـ‬
 -
      -
    
 
      
      

            
            
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    
:‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﺡ‬
     
             
      
.٣٣/٧ ‫ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ ﻟﻠﺰﺭﻛﻠﻲ‬،٦٤١/٣ ‫( ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻔﲔ ﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺭﺿﺎ ﻛﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬١)

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 . ‫ اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن‬:‫ ﺷﺮح‬. ‫ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ‬:‫ ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‬. ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬
. ‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ‬
َ‫ﺤ‬َ ‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ‬
َ ‫ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ‬.‫ د‬:‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‬
www.almahatwary.org

        

  
       
   ‫ﻭﻟﺪ‬
    ‫ﻟﻪ‬
 
      --
-–   --    
-–    -–  
    

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  
 
   
 
 

.١٢٩/١ ‫ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻼﻡ ﻟﻠﺰﺭﻛﻠﻲ‬،١٤٣/١ ‫( ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻔﲔ ﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺭﺿﺎ ﻛﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬١)

(٦)
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻼﻡ‪ :‬ﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟﱠﻠـﻔﹾـﻆﹸ ﺍﻟﹾـﻤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ﱠﻛـﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾـﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻔﻴـﺪ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻮﺿ‪‬ـ ِﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾـ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬

‫ﻆ‪...‬‬ ‫ﺤ ِﻮﻳﲔ ﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﹾﻔ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻔﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻮﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻊ(‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻆ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﻛﱠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻔﹾ ﹸ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻮﺕ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠﺂِﺋﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﻛـ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﺪ؛ ﹶﻓِﺈﻧ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍ ِﳍ ‪‬‬
‫ﳊ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﺾﺍ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺸ‪‬ﺘ ِﻤ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ِ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﳌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻆ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟﺼ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺇﱃ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﱠﻠ ﹾﻔ ﹸ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻄ‪‬ﺒ ِﻞ‪ -‬ﻓﹶـﻼ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﻮ ِ‬‫ﻑ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ِ‬‫ﺾ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﺸ‪‬ﺘ ِﻤ ﹾﻞ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ِ‬ ‫ﻱ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ِﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬‫ﺍ ‪‬ﺷ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﺍ ِ‬
‫ﻆ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ِﻔﻴ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻟ ﹾﻔ ﹰﻈﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ِﻹ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ِﻜ‪‬ﺘﺎ‪‬ﺑ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻘ ِﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺝ ﺑـ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﹾﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺨ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﹶﻟ ﹾﻔ ﹰﻈﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺐ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻛِﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ﹾﻛﹶﺜ ‪‬ﺮ‪ .‬ﻛــ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ﱠﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺎ ِﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬ﺮﻛﱠـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﹶﻛﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ِﻋﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﻓﻼ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ِﳌﺜﹶـﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍ َﻷ ﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛ ﱡﻞ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞٍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ِﳌﺜﹶـﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﱠـﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘﺪﺃﹲ‬
‫ﺐ‪ -‬ﺍ ﹸﳌ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪‬‬
‫ﺝ ﺑـ ﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬ﺮ ﱠﻛ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛ ﱡﻞ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪٍﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻻ‪‬ﺑِﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺁ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛ ﱡﻞ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ٍﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎ ﹸﳌ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘﺪِﺇ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺤﺎ ِﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺍ ﹸﳌ ِﻔﻴـ ‪‬ﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃ ﹶﻓﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﹶﻓﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﺪ ﹰﺓ ﳛﺴ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼﻡ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺎ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺰﻳ ٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬
‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ـ ﹸﻜﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﺃﻓﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﹶﻓﺂِﺋﺪ ﹰﺓ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍ ﹸﳌ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ِﻣﻊِ‪ ،‬ﻛـ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﱠﻥ ﹸﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘﻈِـ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ ﹸﳌ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ِﻣﻊِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ ﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﺧﺒﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺑ ِﻘ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﻡ ‪‬ﺯﻳ ٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣﻊ‪ ‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ﹶﺫﻟِـ ‪‬‬
‫ﺝ ﺑــ‪ :‬ﺍ ﹸﳌ ِﻔﻴـﺪ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍ ﹸﳌ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﺳ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﳛ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺷ‪‬ﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﺁ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘﻮ ﱠﻗﻒ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ِ ،‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ِﺇﺳ‪‬ﻨﺎ ِﺩ ‪‬ﺷﻲ‪ٍ ‬ﺀ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻗـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬؛ ﹶﻓِﺈ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺗﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻏ ‪‬ﲑ ﺍ ﹸﳌ ِﻔﻴ ِﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮ ﱠﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﻣﹰﺎ ِﻋ‪‬ﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ـﺎ ِﺓ‪.‬‬‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﹸﻛﻞﱞ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ ِﳌﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ ﹶﻛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﺸ‪ ‬ﺮﻁِ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ِﺫ ﹾﻛ ِﺮ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪ ِﺓ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻮﱠﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎِﺋ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ِﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬
‫ﺼﻮﺩِ‪ ،‬ﹶﻛ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺝ ﹶﻏﲑ‪ ‬ﺍ ﹶﳌ ﹾﻘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ِﺪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ِ :‬ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺿ‪‬ﻊِ‪ -‬ﹶﻓﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﻀ‪‬ﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻛﺄﻥ ﻳﺘﻔﻖ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻚ ﺃﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺿﻊ ﺃﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﳌﻦ ﺳﺒﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺧﻴﻂ ﰲ ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺼﺐ‪ ‬ﻋﻮﺩٍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ﺳﺒﻖ ﻣﺜﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﻗﺪ ﺳﺒﻘﺖ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻛﻼﻣ‪‬ﺎ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺒﲑ‪ ‬ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﻝِ ﻻ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺃﻱ ﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﺜﺎﻝﹸ‪ :‬ﺇِﻥﹾ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ‪‬؛ ﻷﻥﱠ "ﺇِﻥﹾ" ﺷﺮﻃﻴﺔﹲ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺇِﱃ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﱂ ﻳ‪‬ﺬﹶﺭِ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻼ ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓﹶ ﺣﱴ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻛﱠﺒ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٧‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻻﺳ‪‬ـﻢ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﻑ‪‬‬‫ﻼﹶﺛ ﹲﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻌ‪ ‬ﹲﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺮ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴﺎﻣ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻗﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ‪:‬‬
‫ﺨـﻔـْ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣ‪‬ـﺮ‪‬ﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺾ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻮﻳ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﻮ ِﻝ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺝ ﹶﻛﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺠ‪‬ـ ِﻢ ﻛﹶـﺎﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻙ‬ ‫ﺨ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬‫ﺤﺎ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﻀ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻓﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ِﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺿ‪‬ﻊِ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮِﺑﻲ‪‬؛ ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ِﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﹶﻛ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ ِﺓ‪ِ .‬ﻣﹶﺜﺎ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍ ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻘ‪‬ﻴﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪‬ـ ﹸﺔ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﹶﻛﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ِﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ِﺮ؛ ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬
‫ﲔ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ﹾﻔﻆﹲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﱠﻛﺐ‪ ‬ﻣ ِﻔﻴﺪ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻗﺎِﺋﻢ‪‬؛ ﹶﻓﺎ ﹶﳌِﺜﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛﻞﱞ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ ِﳌﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ ِ‬
‫ﻒ‬ ‫ﻑ( ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﺰﺁ َﺀ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘﹶﺄﱠﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛ ﹲﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻌ‪ ‬ﹲﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺮ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼﻡ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻗﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺿ‪‬ﻊِ؛ ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻛ ﹶ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺘ ِﺮ ﹾﻥ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻣ ٍﻦ ‪‬ﻭﺿ‪ ‬ﻌﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﺎ ٍﻡ‪ :‬ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻻ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻛِﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺔﹲ ﺩ‪‬ﱠﻟﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﲎ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺛﹶ ﹶ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ﹾﻗ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻧﺖ‪ ‬ﺑِـ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻣ ٍﻦ‬ ‫ﻛـ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ﹶﺬﺍ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺜﱠـﺎِﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ـ ﹸﻞ‪ :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻛِﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺔﹲ ﺩ‪‬ﱠﻟﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﲎ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺽ ﹶﻓ ِﻬ ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍ ﹶﳌﺎﺿِﻲ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﺩ‪‬ﱠﻟﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻣ ٍﻦ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺿ‪ ‬ﻌﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﹶـِﺈ ﹾﻥ ﺩ‪‬ﱠﻟﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺗﹾﻠﻚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜِﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸُﺔ ‪‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻣ ٍﻦ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺐ ﺷ‪‬ـﻲ‪ٍ ‬ﺀ ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺩﱠﻟﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﻃﹾﻠ ِ‬ ‫ﳊﺎ ﹶَﻝ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒﺎ ﹶﻝ ﹶﻓ ِﻬﻲ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤِﺘ ِﻤ ﹸﻞ ﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻑ‪ :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻛِﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺔﹲ ﺩ‪‬ﱠﻟﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﲎ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ﹶﻏ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳊ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺚ‪ :‬ﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﹸﻗ ‪‬ﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻟ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ِﻞ ﹶﻓ ِﻬﻲ ِﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪ِ ،‬ﺇﻻﱠ‬
‫ﻒ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻑ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺩ‪ ‬ﺧﻞﹲ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄِﻟﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ﹾﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ .‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) :‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﲎ‪ ،‬ﻛـ ‪‬ﻫ ﹾﻞ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻫ ﹾﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘ ﹾﻔﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﹾﻔﻲ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺯﺍﻱ ) ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ( ﻭﻳﺂﺋﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺩﺍِﻟ ِﻪ؛ ﹶﻓِﺈ ﱠﻥ ﹸﻛ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﳌ‪‬ﺒﺎِﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺮﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻡ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﲎ‪ ‬ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺧ ﹸﻞ ِﻓﻲ َ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻛﻴ ِ‬
‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟـﻼﱠ ِﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺾ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻮﻳ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧﻮ ِﻝ ﺍ َﻷﻟِـ ِ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻌ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺭﺕ ﺑﺰﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺾ(‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘﻤﻴ‪ ‬ﺰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﳋﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ِ‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﺪٍ ﻭﺭﺟﻞٍ‪ ،‬ﻓﺰﻳﺪ‪‬‬ ‫ﺾ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳ ِﻦ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺯﻳﺪ ؛ ﻓـ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ٍ‬ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭ ِﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺂﺀ ﻭﻏﻼﻡ ﺍﲰﺎﻥ؛ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩِ ﺍﳋﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺟﻞﹲ ﻛﻞﹲ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ‪‬؛ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨـﻮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻧﻮﻥﹲ ﺳﺎﻛﻨﺔﹲ ﺗﻠﺤﻖ ﺍﻵ ِﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ﻟﻔ ﹰﻈﺎ ﻻﺧﻄ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﻢ؛ ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ"ﹶﺃﹾﻟـ" ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﺃﹶﻥﱠ ﻭﺍﺿﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔِ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ‪ -‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‪ -‬ﱂ ﻳﻀﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﻘﺘﺮﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻓﻊ‪ :‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺪٍ ﺑﺎﳉﺮ‪ :‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻜﺎﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺲ ﺃﻳﻨﻤﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٨‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒ‪‬ـﺂ ِﺀُ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺎﻑ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ِ :‬ﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﹶﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂﺀُ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﺂﺀُ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ﻞﹸ ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻘ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺤﺮ‪‬ﻑ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺼ‪‬ﻠﹸﺢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎ ِﻛ‪‬ﻨ ِﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺚ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﺄﹾِﻧﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﻮ‪ ‬‬ ‫ِﺑ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻪ‪ ‬ﺩِﻟﻴﻞﹸ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺩِﻟﻴﻞﹸ ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺾ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺭﺕ ﺑﺰﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺟﻞٍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ‪ ‬ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳋﻔﺾ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒـﺂﺀ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﳋﻔـ ِ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺮﻭ ِ‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﺳﺮﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺼـﺮ ِﺓ ِﺇﻟﹶـﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ‪ .‬ﰒ ﺫﻛـﺮ ﲨﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳋﻔﺾ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ ) :‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ِ :‬ﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﹶﻟﻰ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﻓ ِﺔ ﺍﺳﻢ‪ ‬ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ " ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ" ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﺇﱃ" ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ‪ ).‬ﻭﻋ‪‬ـﻦ‪(‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻓ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﱞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪:‬ﺭﻣﻴﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺱِ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻘﻮﺱ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ‪ ‬ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ " ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ" ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ( ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﻛﺒـﺖ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﳌﺂﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﻮ ِﺯ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻜﻮ ‪‬ﺯ‪ :‬ﺍﺳـﻢ ﻟـﺪﺧﻮﻝ "ﰲ"‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻔﺮﺱ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ " ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ" ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭِﻓﻲ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﻣـﺮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺏ‪ (‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺏ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻛﺮﱘ ﻟﻘﻴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺟﻞﹲ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ "ﺭﺏ" ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ‪‬ﺒﺂ ُﺀ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻟﺒـﺪ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺒـﺪﺭ‪ :‬ﺍﺳـﻢ ﻟـﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ "ﺍﻟﺒﺂﺀ" ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻘﺴ‪‬ـ ِﻢ(‬
‫"ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ" ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻼﱠ ‪‬ﻡ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﻟﺰﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ "ﺍﻟﻼﻡ" ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﻢ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ‪‬ﺒﺂ ُﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ـﺂ ُﺀ(‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻮ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﷲِ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻠﺔ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳋﻔﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻤﹶﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ِﺑﻘﹶـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ـﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻳﻌ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﷲِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺎﷲِ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﻟﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ‪ ‬ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺑﺪﺧﻮ ِﻝ "ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ" ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗـﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺚ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ِﻛ‪‬ﻨ ِﺔ( ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻳﺘﻤﻴ‪‬ﺰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺳ ِﻢ ﻭﺍﳊﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺄﹾِﻧﻴ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﻮ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﱞ ِﻣﻦ ﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻓﻌﻞﹲ؛ ﻟـﺪﺧﻮ ِﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻗﺪ ﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉِ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﺳﻴﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ؛ ﻓـ ﻳﻘـﻮﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌـﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴﲔ ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﳜﺘﺼ‪‬ﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ؛ ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﲔ ﻭﺳﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺂﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴـﺚ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﲣﺘﺺ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓــ‬
‫ﺢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺩِﻟﻴ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺩِﻟﻴ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ(‪ ،‬ﻳﻌـﲏ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺼ‪ ‬ﹸﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺮ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻟﻠﺤﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺂﺀ ﻟﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ِﻞ‬
‫ﻼﻣﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻻﺳ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺷ‪‬ﻴﺌﹰﺎ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﻴ‪ ‬ﺰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺳ ِﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌ ِﻞ ﺑﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻻﹶ ﻳﻘﺒ ﹶﻞ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻟﻼﺳﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻛـ‪ :‬ﻫﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ‪ ،‬ﻭﱂ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ‪‬ﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﻼﻣﺘﻪ ﻋﺪﻡ ﻗﺒﻮ ِﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎ ِ‬

‫)‪(٩‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻣ ِﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻼ ِ‬
‫ﺍ ِﻹﻋ‪ ‬ﺮﺍﺏ‪ :‬ﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺗﻐ‪ِ‬ﻴﲑ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﺧ ِﺮ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ِﻠ ِﻢ‪ِ ،‬ﻻﺧ‪ِ‬ﺘ ﹶ‬
‫ﻟﻔﻈﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﺍ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮﻱ ﰲ ﻣﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‪:‬‬

‫‪ ‬ﹶﻓ ِﻘـﺲ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠ ـﻰ ﹶﻗـ ‪‬ﻮِﻟﻲ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜ ـ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻋ ﱠ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ـ ﹾﺔ‬ ‫ﻼﻣ‪‬ـ ﹾﺔ‬
‫ﻑ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﺴ‪‬ـﺖ‪ ‬ﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻼﻣﺔﹲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓﹲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻋﻼﻣ‪‬ﺘﻪ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪ ِﻣﻴ‪‬ﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺍﳉﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳋﺂﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳊـﺂﺀ ؛‬
‫ﻓﺎﳉﻴﻢ ﻋﻼﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﺔﹲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻔﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳋﺂﺀ ﻋﻼﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻼﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳊﺂﺀ ﻋﻼﻣﺘـﻬﺎ ﻋ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩِ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﻔﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻋﻼﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻣ ِﻞ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺧ ﹶﻠ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ(‪ .‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﻋـﺮﺍﺏ‪:‬‬
‫ﻼ ِ‬
‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺗﻐ‪ِ‬ﻴﲑ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﺧ ِﺮ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ِﻠ ِﻢ‪ِ ،‬ﻻﺧ‪ِ‬ﺘ ﹶ‬
‫)ﺍ ِﻹﻋ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﺃﺣﻮﺍ ِﻝ ﺃﻭﺍﺧ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻠ ِﻢ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓِﺈﻧ‪‬ـﻪ ﹶﻗﺒ‪‬ـ ﹶﻞ‬
‫ﺩﺧﻮ ِﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻑ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻌﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﻻ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﻻﻣﺮﻓﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ﻭﻻ ﻏﲑﻩ؛ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺩﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣـﻞ؛‬
‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪‬؛ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻓـﺈﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﺭﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟﺂﺀَ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻓﺎﻋ ﹰ‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﳓـﻮ‪:‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ﺑـ ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﻄﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺂﺀَ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﹸﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺭﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓِﺈ ﱠﻥ ﺭﺃﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺑﺰﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒ‪‬ـﺂ ِﺀ ؛ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻐ‪‬ـِﻴﲑ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﳉﺮ‪ ‬ﺟ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺂ ِﺀ ﰲ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺐٍ ﺃﻭ ﺟ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﺩﺧﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣـ ِﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﻮﻟـﻪ‪) :‬ﻟﻔﻈـﺎ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻵ ِﺧ ِﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﺍ( ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻵ ِﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ﻳﺘﻐﲑ ﻟﻔﻈﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻳ‪‬ﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍ ﹶﳌﺬﹾ ﹸﻛﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳـ ِﻢ‬
‫ﺤ ِﺮﻳ ﹸﻜﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ‬
‫ﻒ ﺍﻟﱠﻠﻴ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﺬﱠ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺁ ِﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﺃِﻟﻒ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻳﺂﺀٌ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(١٠‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﻚ‬
‫ﻸﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂﺀُ ِﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺫﹶِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﺰ‪ ‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﹶﻓ ِﻠ َ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﻔﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻣ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ﹲﺔ‪ :‬ﺭﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻗﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪:‬‬
‫ﻸﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎﻝﹸ ﻣِـﻦ‪ ‬ﺫﹶﻟِـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺟﺰ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﻓﻴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﻟ َ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹾﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪‬ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ ِﻓﻴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹾﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪‬ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺧﻔﹾ ‪‬‬

‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻣﻨِـ ‪‬ﻊ ﻣِـ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍ ِﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺬﱡ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟﺂﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﱴ؛ ﻓﺎﻟﻔﱴ ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﻀﻤﺔٍ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ٍﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻟ ِ‬
‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻣﻨِـ ‪‬ﻊ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﱴ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻔﱴ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺔٍ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ٍﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻟـ ِ‬ ‫ﻇﹸﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻌﺬﱡ ‪‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺃﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺮ ٍﺓ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ٍﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻟـﻒ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨـﻊ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﱴ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻔﱴ‪ :‬ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺂ ِﺀ ِﺑ ﹶﻜ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻌﺬﱡ ‪‬ﺭ‪ .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻇﻬﻮ ِﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻌﺬﱡ ‪‬ﺭ‪ .‬ﻭﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﻀﻤﺔٍ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ٍﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻣِﻨ ‪‬ﻊ ﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‪ :‬ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺂ ِﺀ ﺑﻜﺴﺮﺓٍ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ٍﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺎ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻊ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺕ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ﹶﻘﺎ ِ‬‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﱢ ﹶﻘ ﹸﻞ‪ .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ ﱠﻔ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓــ‬ ‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﱢ ﹶﻘ ﹸﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻣـﺎ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺐ ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ﹸﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺂ ِﺀ ﻟﻠ ِ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺔٍ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓٍ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮﻕ‪ ‬ﺑﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺁ ِﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﺃِﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻳﺂﺀٌ‪ -‬ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺁﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﺃﻟـﻒ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ ﹶﻘ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓﻌ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ـﺮ‪‬ﺍ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺁ ِﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻳﺂﺀٌ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻌﺬﱠﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻜﻨ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﺬﱠ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺇﻇﹾ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔﹲ‪ :‬ﺭﻓﹾـﻊ‪ ‬ﳓـﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﺰ‪ ‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻗﺴﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻹﻋـﺮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﻔﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ﹲﺔ‪ :‬ﺭﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪ ‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻗﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺰﻡ‪ ‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺾ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﻔﹾـ ٌ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪‬ـﺐ‪ ‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻓﻌـﻞﹲ ﻣﻀـﺎﺭﻉ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑـ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳـﺪ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟـﺚ‪ :‬ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺂﺀ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﺃﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒﺎ ٍﻝ؛ ﻷ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ٍﻲ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑـﻊ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺑﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬‫ﻭﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ٍﻲ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﺰﻡٍ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻗﹾﻠﺐٍ؛ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﻨﻔـﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌـ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬‬‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ﹰ‬
‫ﺼﲑ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹶﻞ ﻭﺗﻨﺼ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬‫ﻚ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻸﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ُﺀ ِﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺫﹶِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﲡ ِﺰ ‪‬ﻣﻪ ﻭﺗﻘﻠﺐ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻓﻴﺼﲑ ﻣﺎﺿ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓ ِﻠ َ‬
‫ﺐ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻳـﺖ‪ ‬ﺯﻳـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺟﺰ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﻓﻴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ َﺀ ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪،‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﻓﹾـ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻸﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ﹸﻝ ِﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺫﹶِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﺪﺧﹸﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﺰ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﻟ َ‬ ‫ﺾ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳋﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺾ ِﻓﻴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻳﺪﺧﹸﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﳓ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪ ‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺧﻔﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻙ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺾ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳉ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻡ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺪﺧﹸﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﳋﻔ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﺃﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺑﺎﳉﺰ ِﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺨ ﹾﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺘﺺ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹸﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(١١‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬ﻤﺔﹸ‬
‫ﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪ ‬ﻤﺔﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷِﻟﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥﹸ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ِﻟﻠ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹾ ِﻊ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑﻊ‪ ‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ـ ِﻊ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟ ﱠﻠﺮﻓﹾ ِﻊ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺼﻞﹾ‬
‫ﺴﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉِ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﺘ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺚ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬ﺆ‪‬ﻧ ِ‬
‫ﺴِ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻜﹾ ِ‬
‫ِﺑﺂ ِﺧ ِﺮﻩ ‪‬ﺷﻲﺀٌ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(               ‬‬

‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥﹸ(‪ .‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﻳﻌ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ ‬ﹸﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫)ِﻟﻠﺮ‪‬ﻓﹾ ِﻊ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺍﺣﺪٍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺑﻊِ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕٍ‪ِ ،‬ﺇﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺔ ُﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ـﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ِﻭ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋـﻞﹲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪ .‬ﹶﺃ ِﻭ ﺍﻟﻨـﻮ ﹸﻥ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬ ‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ‪ ،‬ﺃ ِﻭ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ِﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺜﺒﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮ ِﻥ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ ‬ﹸﺔ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺚ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ـﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆﻧ‪‬ـ ِ‬ ‫ﺴِ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻜﹾ ِ‬ ‫ِﻟﻠﱠﺮﻓﹾ ِﻊ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻞﹾ ِﺑﺂ ِﺧ ِﺮﻩ ‪‬ﺷﻲﺀٌ(‪ .‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ ‬ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﻋﻼﻣ ﹰﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﻓﻊِ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉِ ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﺘ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ـﺂﺀَ‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺟﻮﺩِ ﺍﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﻟﻔﻈﹰﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﻊ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﱴ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ِﺓ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ُﻷﺳ‪‬ﺎﺭﻯ‪ ، ‬ﻓــ‬ ‫ِﻟﻠﺘ‪ ‬ﻌﺬﱡ ِﺭ‪ .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﹾﻜ ﺴِـ ِﲑ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻐﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ِﺑ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ ِﻩ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﺭﻯ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪ‪‬ﺭ ِﺓ ﻟﻠﺘ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ـﺬﱡ ِﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺕ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﹾﻟﻬِ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﹾﻟﻬِ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ِ‬
‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺂ ٍﺀ ‪‬ﻣ ِﺰﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺚِ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺟ‪ِ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ِﺑﹶﺄِﻟ ٍ‬

‫)‪(١٢‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ـ ِﻊ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ـﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ‬

‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ﻟﻠ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹾ ِﻊ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣﻮ‪ِ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍﻭ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ‪ :‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ ﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺧ‪‬ـﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﻤ‪‬ـﻮﻙِ‪،‬‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻓﹸﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﹸﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍﻝ‪.‬‬

‫ﺸﻰ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻣﻲ‬

‫ﺨ‪‬‬‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸﻰ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ِﺓ‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺑ ﹾﻜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘ‪ ‬ﻌﺬﱡ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺮﻣﻲ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ِﺓ ﻟﻠﺜﱢ ﹶﻘ ِﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﺘ‪‬ﺼِـ ﹾﻞ ﺑِـﺂ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﺎﻋ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ﹶﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺛ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﺷﻲ‪‬ﺀٌ(‪ -‬ﺍﺣﺘـﺮﺍ ﺯ‪ ‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ِﻥ‬
‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻓﻊ‪ِ ‬ﺑﹸﺜ‪‬ﺒﻮ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻳﺂﺀُ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﹶﺜ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻴ ﹾﺄِﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﺣﺘِـ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ﺯ‪ ‬ﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﺫﹶﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻮﻛﻴـ ِﺪ ﺍﳋﻔﻴﻔـ ِﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻠـ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬
‫&‪]^‬ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‪ ،[٣٢ :‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﺃ ِﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﻠﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﻧـﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺓ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪]^‬ﺍﻟﺒﻘـﺮﺓ‪ ،[٣٣٢ :‬ﻓِﺈﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ﻟﻠﺮ‪‬ﻓﹾ ِﻊ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫&‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ‪ :‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﻤ‪‬ـﻮﻙِ‪،‬‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹶﻛﱠ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻮ‪ِ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹸﻓﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﹸﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍﻝ(‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﲨﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﲰﺂ َﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩِ ﺍﻟـﻮﺍ ِﻭ‬
‫ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋ ﹰﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ﲜﻤـ ِﻊ ﺍﳌـ ﹶﺬ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎ ِﱂ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺁ ﱡﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﹶ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻌﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻭﺍﳉﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ِ‬
‫ِﺑ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ٍﻭ ﻭ‪‬ﻧﻮﻥٍ ِﻓﻲ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊِ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺂﺀٍ ﻭﻧﻮﻥٍ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺣﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑﺎﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ :‬ﻋﻮﺽ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳ ِﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﲰﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴ ِﺔ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﻮﻙ‪ ‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻮﻙ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﻤ‪‬ـﻮﻙِ‬
‫ﻭ ﹸﺫﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍﻝ‪ ،‬ﹸﻓ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻞ ‪‬ﻭﺍﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﻞﱞ ﻣﻦ ﲨﻊِ ﺍﳌﺬﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﱂِ‬
‫ﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻄﻮ‪‬ﻻﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍ َﻷﲰﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴ ِﺔ ﻟﻪ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺗﻄﻠ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(١٣‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺻﺔﹰ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﻮﻥﹸ‬

‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹾ ِﻊ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺗﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﺧﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍ َﻷِﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺿ ِﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺗﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ٍﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ﹶﻞ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹾ ِﻊ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉِ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﺍ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺿ ِﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬ﺆ‪‬ﻧﺜﹶ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺿﻤ‪‬ﲑ‪ ‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ﻊٍ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬‬

‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﺮ‪‬ﻓﹾ ِﻊ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺗﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﺧﺎﺻ‪‬ﺔﹰ(‪ .‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺩ‪ِ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺗﺜﻨﻴـ ِﺔ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ‬
‫ﻒ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ِﻣﻨ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺩ‪ ‬ﱠﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺛﻨﲔ ﺑﺄﻟﻒ ﻭﻧﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺂﺀ ﻭﻧـﻮﻥ ﰲ‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑﺎﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺪﺍ ِﻥ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻭﺍﳉﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟ‪‬ﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺼ ِ‬
‫ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪:‬ﺟﺂﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﺍ ِﻥ ‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺭﻓﻌ ِﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔـﺮﻕ ﺑـﲔ‬
‫ﺐ ﻭﺍﳉﺮ‪-‬ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀَ ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺜﲎ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﹶﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺴـﻮﺭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺜﲎ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟ‪‬ﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺼ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻊِ ﻣﻜﺴﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﹶﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻮﺽ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳـ ِﻢ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﺮ‪‬ﻓﹾ ِﻊ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ـﺎ ِﺭﻉِ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ﰲ ﻛﻞﱟ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴ ِﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻊِ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥﹸ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠﻮ ﹶﻥ )ﹶﺃﻭ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﻤ‪‬ﲑ‪ ‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ﻊٍ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻥ )ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻥ ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺗﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ٍﺔ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺼ ﹶﻞ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﺗ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎ ﹶﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﹸﻥ‬
‫ﲔ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻭﺯﺍ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌِﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆﻧ‪‬ﺜﹶ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮ ِﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ـﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻘـﻮ ﹸﻝ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ِﻌ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ِﻬ ‪‬ﻲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔﹲ ﺑﺜﺒﻮ ِ‬
‫ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ﰲ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮ ِﻥ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﺍ‪ :‬ﺃﻧﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪‬ـ ِﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ِﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﺍ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻳﻀﺮﺑﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺜﺒﻮ ِ‬
‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜ ﱡﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋـﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣـ ﹸﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻢ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﺖِ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﻷﻭ ِﻝ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑـﻊ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋـﻞﹲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﻓ ِﻌﻬﺎ ﺛﺒﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀُ ﰲ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲِ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(١٤‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺤﺔﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷِﻟﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻴ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ‪،‬‬

‫ﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺘ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﺧﻤ‪‬ﺲ‪ ‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬ﻭِﻟﻠ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ‪:‬‬
‫ﻼﹶﺛ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺔﹸ ِﻟﻠ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺤ ﹶﺔ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺬﹾﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥِ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺘ‪ ‬‬
‫ﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉِ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺴِ‬
‫ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻜﹾ ِ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪‬ـ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻞﹾ ِﺑﺂ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ ‪‬ﺷﻲ‪‬ﺀٌ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍ َﻷِﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺻﺐ‪ ‬ﻭﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﻙ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﺎ ‪‬ﻙ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ِﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺚ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬ﺆ‪‬ﻧ ِ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬

‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥِ( ﻋﻼﻣـﺎ ‪‬‬

‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮﺓﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ‪‬ﻴﺂ ُﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺬﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ﹸﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷِﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺘ‪ ‬‬‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬‫ﺐ ‪‬ﺧﻤ‪‬ﺲ‪ ‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭِﻟﻠﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔﹲ ﻧﺎﺋﺒﺔﹲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺐ ﲬﺲ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓﹲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼ ِ‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴـﺂﺀ ﳓـﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻳـﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰﻳـ ‪‬ﺪﻳ ِﻦ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺃﺑﺎﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴـﺮﺓﹸ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟـ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﺛﹶـ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺐ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ِﻟﻠﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪ِ ‬‬‫ﺤ ﹶﺔ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣـﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻨـﻮﻥ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺘ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺐ‬‫ﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉِ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪‬ـ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻧﺎﺻِـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴِ‬‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻜﹾ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻮ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤـ ِﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼ‪‬ﺒﺖ‪ ‬ﺗ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛ ﹶﺔ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﻧ ِ‬ ‫ﺼﻞﹾ ِﺑﺂ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ ‪‬ﺷﻲ‪‬ﺀٌ(‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﺘ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺯﻳﺪﺍ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﲨـ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺴـ ِﲑ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌـﻞﹲ‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺃﺿﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﺩ‪ ‬ﺧ ﹶﻞ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﻪ ﻧﺎﺻﺐ‪ ‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬‫ﺐ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﻒ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑ ﹰﺔ‬ ‫ﺼ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ(‪ .‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻷﲰﺂﺀَ ﺍﳋﻤﺴ ﹶﺔ ﺗﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﻙ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﺎ ‪‬ﻙ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ِﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺃﺑﺎﻙ‪ ‬ﻭﺃﺧﺎﻙ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷﺒﻪ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ ﺣ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ‪‬ﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﱡﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔﹲ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑﺔﹲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ‪) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺃﹶﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﹾﻜﹶﺴ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺓﹸ ﻓﹶﺘ‪‬ﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ﻋ‪‬ﻼﹶﻣ‪‬ﺔﹰ ﻟِﻠﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ـﺐِ‬
‫ﺕ^]ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ‪ ،[٤٤ :‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺧﻠﹶـﻖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻓِﻲ ﺟ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻊِ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺚِ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎﻟِﻢِ( ﳓﻮ‪ & :‬ﺧﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻖ ﺍ ُ‬
‫ﷲ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﻟ ِﺔ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻔ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫)‪(١٥‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺐ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ﺣ‪‬ـﺬﹾﻑ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂﺀُ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺕ‬‫ﺴ ِﺔ ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ‪‬ﺭﻓﹾﻌ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﺑﹶﺜﺒ‪‬ـﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻝ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥِ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺤﺔﹸ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺕ(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮﺓﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ‪‬ﻴﺂﺀُ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺘ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬‫ﻼﺙﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺾ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥِ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺾ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺴﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺚ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬ﺆ‪‬ﻧ ِ‬ ‫ﺼ ِﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﲑ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴِ‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻜﹾ ِ‬ ‫ﺼ ِﺮ ِ‬‫ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬‬

‫ﺐ ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪ِ ‬‬‫ﺚ ‪‬ﺳﺎِﻟﻢ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ُﺀ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ؛ َﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪ٍ ‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮ ِﺓ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ِﻦ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺎ َﻷ ﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ‪‬ﺘﻮﺡِ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﹶﻠﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻮ ِﺭ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻫﺎ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻮ ِﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ‪‬ﺘﻮﺡِ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥِ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻫﺎ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻮﺽ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻨﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺣﺬﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ِﻥ ﻳﻜـﻮ ﹸﻥ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥِ( ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﱠِﺘﻲ ‪‬ﺭﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﺑﹶﺜ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻝ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹸـﻮﺍ‪،‬‬‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬
‫ﺐ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎ ِﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ِ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣ ﹰﺔ ﻟﻠﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ـﻮ ِﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌِﻠﻲ‪ .‬ﻓﻜ ﱡﻞ ‪‬ﻭﺍﺣ ٍﺪ ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﻫﺬِ ِﻩ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﻧﺼﺒ ِﻪ ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚِ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑـﻊِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴـﺎﺀُ‬
‫ﺕ‬‫ﺕ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮﺓﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻴ‪‬ـﺂ ُﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺘ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ـ ﹸﺔ(‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻣـﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻼﺙﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺾ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﰲ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲِ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ ٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺛﻨﺎ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻧﺂِﺋﺒﺎ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ ﺛﻼﺙﹲ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓﹲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔﹲ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﹸﺓ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺕ ﺑِـِﺈ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺮﺍﻫﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳ ‪‬ﺪِﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ِﺑﹶﺄ ِﺧﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀُ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ـ ِﻊ‬ ‫ﺼ ِﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺾ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳـ ٍﺪ ‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻔﺘ‪‬ـﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺚ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ِﻢ( ﻓﺎﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆﻧ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺼ ِﺮ ِ‬‫ﲑ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺴِ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻜﹾ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺭﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﺎ ِﻝ ﻭﺍ َﻷﺳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭﻯ ﻭﺍ ﹸﳍ‪‬ﻨﻮﺩِ‪ ،‬ﻭﲨ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺚِ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ـﺎِﻟ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﹾﻜ ﺴِـ ِﲑ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ .‬ﻭِﻟﻸﲰـﺂ ِﺀ‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪ :‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﺼ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺼﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟﻬِﻨﺪﺍ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻄﻮ‪‬ﻻ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﹾﻄﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(١٦‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ‪ :‬ﻓِـﻲ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ‬

‫ﻼﹶﺛ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺾ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬
‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂﺀُ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺾ‬
‫ﺨﻔﹾـ ِ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺔﹸ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺘ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ِﺮﻑ‪.‬‬
‫ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻨ‪ ‬‬

‫ﺨﻤ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ‪ :‬ﻓِـﻲ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺾ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ُﺀ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺾ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎﺑ‪‬ـ ﹰﺔ ﻋـﻦ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﱠﺜﻼﺛﹶ ﹶﺔ ﺗﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀُ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻣ ﹶﺔ ﺍﳋﻔـ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻊ(‪ .‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻫ ِﺬﻩ ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻱ ﻣـﺎﻝٍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻴـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ِﻤﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ِﺧﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ِﺑﹶﺄِﺑﻴ ِ‬‫ﳋ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ـ ﹸﺔ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ِﺓ ﹶﻓﺎ َﻷﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤﺂﺀُ ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﻓﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﳎﺮﻭﺭﺓﹲ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺂﺀ ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﳉﺮ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀُ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ِﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﹾﺜِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﺔ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺍﳌـﺜﲎ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻴ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ ﺍﳌﻔﺘـﻮﺡ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺕ ِﺑﺎﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻳ ِﻦ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻥ ِﻋ ‪‬ﻮﺽ‪ ‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻨﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳ ِﻢ ﺍﳌﻔـﺮﺩِ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤـ ‪‬ﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻮ ِﺭ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹸﻠﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟ‪‬ﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻩ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂﺀُ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻜ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑﺎﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ‪‬ﺘﻮﺡِ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻮﺽ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﺮ ِﺩ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺘ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ـ ﹸﺔ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﻜﹸـﻮ ﹸﻥ‬
‫ﻑ ِﺇﻧ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‬‫ﻑ(‪ .‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﱠـﺬِﻱ ﻻﹶ ﻳﻨﺼـ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺾ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺤ‪‬ـ ِﺔ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎﺑ‪‬ـ ﹰﺔ ﻋ‪‬ـ ِﻦ‬
‫ﺾ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨ ﹾﻔ ِ‬‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﻔﻀ‪ ‬ﻪ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺎﻣ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺑﺄﲪ ‪‬ﺪ ﻭِﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻼﻣ‪‬ـ ﹸﺔ ﺟ‪‬ـﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤـ ﹸﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻱ‪ :‬ﻻ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﻮ‪ ‬ﹸﻥ؛ َﻷ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﺼ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬‫ﺼ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ِﺓ؛ َﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻣِـ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻄﻠﹶـ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﹶﻛِﺜ ‪‬ﲑﺓﹲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‪ ‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ِﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭِﻟﻼﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ‪ ‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻩ ِﺇﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻄﻮ‪‬ﻻﺕ؛ ﻓِﺈ ﱠﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺉ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻔﻴﻪ ﰲ ﺃﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣ ِﺮ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻑ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﱠﺘﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺗﺮﺟﻊ ﺇﺣﺪﺍﳘﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆِ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷُﺧ‪‬ﺮﻯ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﲎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻋﻠﱠ ﹲﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﹲﺓ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﻣﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﱠﺘﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔﹸ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝُ ﻛـ ﹸﺛﻼﹶﺙﹶ‬
‫ﻭﺭ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔﹸ ﻭﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻛـ ﺃﻓﻀﻞﹶ ﻭﺃﺧﻀﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴ‪‬ﺔﹸ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﻥِ ﻛـ ﺳﻜﺮﺍﻥﹶ‬
‫=‬
‫)‪(١٧‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫)ﻭ‪‬ﻟِﻠﹾﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻡِ ﻋ‪‬ﻼﹶﻣ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺎﻥِ(‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﹾﺤ‪‬ﺬﹾﻑ‪ .‬ﻓﹶﺄﹶﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ﻓﹶﻴ‪‬ﻜﹸـﻮﻥﹸ‬

‫ﻋ‪‬ﻼﹶ ﻣ‪‬ﺔﹰ ﻟِﻠﹾﺠ‪ ‬ﺰ‪‬ﻡِ ﻓِﻲ ﺍﻟ ﻔِﻌ‪‬ﻞِ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎﺭِﻉِ ﺍﻟﺼ‪‬ﺤِﻴﺢِ ﺍﻵﺧِﺮِ‪ .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺃﹶﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﹾﺤ‪‬ﺬﹾﻑ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﹶﻴ‪‬ﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ﻋ‪‬ﻼﹶﻣ‪‬ـﺔﹰ ﻟِﻠﹾﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻡِ ﻓِﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﻔِ ﻌ‪‬ـﻞِ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎﺭِﻉِ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ـﻞﱢ ﺍﻵﺧِـﺮِ‪،‬‬

‫ﻑ( ﻓﺎﻟﺴﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﻋﻼﻣﺔﹲ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔﹲ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ‬ ‫ﺤﺬﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭِﻟﻠﹾﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪ِ ‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﻑ ﻳﻨﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻮ ِﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟﺰ ِﻣ ِﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳊﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺶ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﺠﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟﺰﻣـ ِﻪ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﱂ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻷﻟـﻒِ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺨﺶ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟ‪ ‬ﺰ ِﻣ ِﻪ ﺣـﺬ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﺢ ﺍﻵﺧِـ ِﺮ( ﺍﳌـﺮﺍﺩ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺼ‪‬ـﺤﻴﺢِ‬ ‫ﺤﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﹾﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪ِ ‬ﻡ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉِ ﺍﻟﺼ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺸﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻋﻮ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﻣِـﻲ‪ِ ،‬ﻣﺜﹶـﺎ ﹸﻝ‬‫ﺨ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻵﺧ ِﺮ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮ ﹶﻥ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮ ِﻩ ﺃﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ ﻭﺍﻭ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻳﺂﺀٌ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ـ ِﺮﺏ‪‬‬‫ﺤﻴ ِﺢ ﺍﻵﺧِـ ِﺮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﻞ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﻪ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﳎﺰﻭﻣﹰﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜﻮ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼ‪‬ـ ِ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹰﺔ ِﻟﻠﹾﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪ِ ‬ﻡ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉِ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ﺘﻞﱢ ﺍﻵ ِﺧ ِﺮ( ﳓـﻮ‪ :‬ﻟﹾـ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﻑ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬‫ﺤﺬﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻷﻟﻒِ ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋـﻦ‬ ‫ﺨﺶ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟﺰ ِﻣ ِﻪ ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺶ‪ ‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ﹸﺔ ﻗﺒﹶﻠﻬﺎ ﺩﻟﻴﻞﹲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳ ﺪ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻉ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻳ‪‬ﺪ‪ ‬ﻉ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭ ﻉ‪‬‬

‫ﻭﻏﻀﺒﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔﹸ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝﹸ ﻛـ ﻋ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ﻠﹶﻤِﻴ‪‬ﺔﹸ ﻭﻭﺯﻥﹸ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞِ ﻛـ ﺃﲪﺪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔﹸ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺰﺟ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﻛـ ﺑ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻠﹶﺒ‪‬ﻚ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ﻠﹶﻤِﻴ‪‬ﺔﹸ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚﹸ ﻛـ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔﹶ ﻭﺯﻳﻨﺐ‪ ‬ﻭﻃﻠﺤﺔﹶ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡٍ‪ :‬ﺛﻼﺙﹲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺘﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴ‪‬ﺔﹸ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴ‪‬ﺔﹸ ﺗﺮﺟﻊ ﻛﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓﹸ ﺍﻷﻟﻒِ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﻥِ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺠﻤﺔﹸ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚﹸ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠ ﹲﺔ ﺗﺮﺟﻊ‪ ‬ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﺎ ﳝﺘﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﺔٍ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺘﲔ ﻓﻬﻤﺎ ﺷﻴﺌﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺘ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﳉﻤﻮﻉِ ﻛـ ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﺍﳌﻤﺪﻭﺩﺓﹸ ﻛـ‬
‫ﺻﺤﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻛـ ‪‬ﺣﺒ‪‬ﻠﹶﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻧﻈﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺭ‪‬ﻛﱢﺐ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﺯِﺩ‪ ‬ﻋ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺔﹰ ﻓﹶﺎﻟﻮ‪‬ﺻ‪‬ـﻒ‪ ‬ﻗﹶـﺪ‪ ‬ﻛﹶﻤ‪‬ـﻼ‬ ‫ﺇ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ــﻊ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﺯِﻥﹾ ﻋ‪‬ــﺎﺩﻻﹰ ﺃﻧ‪‬ــﺚﹾ ﺑِﻤ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺮِﻓﹶــ ٍﺔ‬

‫)‪(١٨‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥِ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻝ ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ‪‬ﺭﻓﹾﻌ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﺑﹶﺜ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻢ ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛﺎ ِ‬‫) ‪ :(‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻌ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎﺕ‪ِ ‬ﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻢ ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾـ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺕ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺔﹸ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻑ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﺎﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺑﺎﻟﹾﺤ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭ ِ‬
‫ﺴﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ﻞﹸ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀِﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ِﻟﻢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺚ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬ﺆ‪‬ﻧ ِ‬
‫ﺴِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻜﹾ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔﺾ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺐ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺘ‪ ‬‬‫ﺼﻞﹾ ِﺑﺂ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ ‪‬ﺷﻲ‪‬ﺀٌ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﹸﻠﱡﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺗ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﻊ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬‬‫‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ِ‬
‫ِﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴ‪‬ﻜﹸﻮﻥِ‪،‬‬

‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ ‬ﹸﺔ ﻗﺒﹶﻠﻬﺎ ﺩﻟﻴﻞﹲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳـﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟﺰﻣ ِﻪ ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ِﺀ ِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹰﺔ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟﺰﻣ ِﻪ ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ﻳﺮ ِﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ـﻮﻥِ(‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﹸﺓ ﻗﺒﹶﻠﻬﺎ ﺩﻟﻴﻞﹲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻝ ﺍﻟﱠِﺘﻲ ‪‬ﺭﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﺑﹶﺜ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻮ ِﻥ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪‬ـ ِﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴ ﹸﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﻋﻼﻣ ﹶﺔ ﺍﳉﺰ ِﻡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺣ‪‬ﺬﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ـ ِﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺰﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ِﻥ ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟ‪ ‬ﺰ ِﻣ ِﻬ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮِﺑﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﺠ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺰﻭﻡ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﳎﺰﻭﻣﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟ‪‬ﺰ ِﻣﻬِ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌـﺎﱃ ﺃﻋﻠـ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ( ) .‬ﻫـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬ ‫ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟﺰﻣ ِﻪ ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼـﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼ ﹸﻞ ﻳﺬﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﲨﻴﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪ ‪‬ﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏِ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖِ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏِ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖِ ﺫﹶ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻔﺼ‪ ‬ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ ﲤﺮﻳﻨ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﰒ ‪‬ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻭﻧﻪ ‪‬ﻣﺠﻤ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﲔ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﺃﻭﻻﹰ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻔﺼ‪ ‬ﹰ‬ ‫ﺫِ ﹾﻛﺮﻩ ﻫﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺠﻤ ﹰ‬
‫ﺕ( ﻳﻌـﲏ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮﻛﹶـﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺏ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺘﺪﺉ ﻓﻴﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﻛﺎﳉﻤﻊِ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳊﺴﺎﺏِ‪) .‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎﺕ‪ِ ‬ﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻌ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ( ﻳﻌـﲏ ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﺏ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ ‬ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﹶﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻠﺤﻖ‪ ‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻌ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺕ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪‬ـ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺏ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀَ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﹶﻥ ﻭﻳﻠﺤﻖ ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﳊﺬﻑ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳﻌ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺚ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ِﻢ( ﻛــ ﺍﳍﻨـﺪﺍﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﲑ( ﻙ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆﻧ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺴِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ( ﻛـ ﺯﻳﺪٍ ) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻜﹾ ِ‬
‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻞﹾ ِﺑﺂ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ ‪‬ﺷﻲ‪‬ﺀٌ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀﺮﺏ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹸﻛﻠﱡﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﺮ‪‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ِﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀِﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ِﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﺘ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺚِ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺾ ِﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﺑﺎﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮﻥِ( ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺘ‪ ‬‬
‫)‪(١٩‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺚ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ـﺎِﻟ ِﻢ ﻳ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ـﺐ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛﺔﹸ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ـﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬ﺆﻧ‪‬ـ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬‫ﺝ ‪‬ﻋﻦ‪ ‬ﺫﹶِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ِﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﺨ‪‬ﻔﹶـﺾ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔﺘ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ـﻞﹸ‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺁﺧِـ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠـﺬِﻱ ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺘﻞﱡ ﺍﻵ ِﺧ ِﺮ ﻳ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺤ‪‬ـﺬﹾ ِ‬
‫ﺴﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤﺂﺀُ‬
‫ﻉ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴﺔﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺔﹸ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ٍ‬
‫ِﺑﺎﻟﹾﺤ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭ ِ‬
‫ﻼ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹸـﻮﻥﹶ‪،‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﻳﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎﻝﹸ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ‪.‬‬‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹸﻮﻥﹶ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻠ ‪‬‬

‫ﻑ ِﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟ ِﺔ ﺍﳉﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺘ ﱡﻞ ﺍﻵ ِﺧ ِﺮ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟ ِﺔ ﺍﳉـﺰ ِﻡ‪.‬‬‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺼﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀـﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﻓـﻮﻉ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺜﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﻓ ِﻊ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﺫ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮﻩ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎ ﹸﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﻟﻦ‬‫ﺕ ﻛﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺜـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺼـ ِ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎ ﹸﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺿﺮﺏ ﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎ ﹶﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺃﺿﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋـ ﹸﻞ ﻣﺴـ‪‬ﺘِﺘﺮ‪ ‬ﻭﺟﻮﺑ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﺕ ﺑﺰﻳـﺪٍ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺃﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻛﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻔﺾ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﺛﹶـ ﹸﺔ‬‫ﻚ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬
‫ﺝ ﻋ‪‬ـﻦ‪ ‬ﺫﹶﻟِـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﹲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﺮ‪ ‬ﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎ ِﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺎ ِ‬
‫‪]^‬ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒـﻮﺕ‪،[٤٤ :‬‬ ‫‪   ‬‬
‫‪  ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ﹶﻜﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﺓ( ﳓﻮ‪  & :‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺚ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻨ‪ ‬‬‫ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﺟﻤ‪ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆﻧ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﻟﺔ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ‪) .‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑﹶﺄﺣ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ﺘﻞﱡ ﺍﻵ ِﺧ ِﺮ‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺾ ِﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔﺘ‪ ‬‬‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻳﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻒ‪،‬‬‫ﻑ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬ ‫ﺤﺬﹾ ِ‬‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺰﻭﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺶ‪ ،‬ﻭﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺎ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺬﹾ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ( ﺃﻋـﲏ ﺍﻟـﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ِ‬ ‫ﺏ ﺑِـﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻴﺂ ِﺀ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳﻌ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺚ‪ :‬ﲝﺬ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟـ ﹸ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﲝﺬ ِ‬
‫ﻉ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﺔ( ﻳﻌﲏ ﺍﳌﺜﲎ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹶﻛﱠ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀَ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻠﺤﻖ‪ ‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﹸﻥ )ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ٍ‬
‫ﻼ ِﻥ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﹸﳌﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ـﺎ ِﺓ‬
‫ﻼ ِﻥ(‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﹸﳌﹶﺜﻨ‪ِ‬ﺎ ِﺓ ﲢﺖ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﻳﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ُﺀ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ( ﺑﺎ ﹸﳌﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﺎ ِﺓ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻻ ﻏﲑ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻮﻕ‪) ،‬ﻭﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮﻥ( ﺑﺎ ﹸﳌﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﺎ ِﺓ ﲢﺖ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻠﻮﻥﹶ( ﺑﺎ ﹸﳌﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﺎ ِﺓ ﻓﻮﻕ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻠ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٢٠‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺼﺐ‪ ‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔﺾ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻴ‪‬ـﺂ ِﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ـﻊ‪‬‬

‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴﺔﹸ ﹶﻓﺘ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﻊ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺐ‪ ‬ﻭﻳ‪‬ﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔﺾ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ِﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂﺀُ‬
‫ﺴﺎِﻟ ِﻢ ﹶﻓﻴ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﻊ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﺨ‪‬ﻔﹶـﺾ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾﻴ‪‬ـﺎ ِﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﺼﺐ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ ﹶﻓﺘ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﻊ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺬﹾ ِﻓ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼﺐ‪ ‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ ﹶﻓﺘ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﻊ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥِ ‪‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍ َﻷ ﹶﻓﻌ‪‬ﺎﻝﹸ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬

‫ﺾ ِﺑﺎﻟﻴ‪‬ـﺂ ِﺀ( ﳓـﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻳـﺖ‪‬‬

‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫) ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺜﹾِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﺔ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ِﺑﺎ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬
‫ﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻳ ِﻦ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪ ‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹶﻛﱠ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ِﻢ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ِﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻳ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑﺎﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ُﺀ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ ِﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ِﺀ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺃﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺾ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﺀ( ﳓﻮ‪:‬‬
‫ﻒ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﻙ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ِﺑﺎ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ِﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﻮﻙ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺔ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ِﺑﺎﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮﻥِ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀﺮﺑﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻀﺮﺑﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻀﺮﺑﻮ ﹶﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺨﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍ َﻷ ﹶﻓﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑﹶﺄِﺑﻴ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺬﹾ ِﻓ ‪‬ﻬﺎ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻀﺮﺑ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮِﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮِﺑﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﷲ ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٢١‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ـ ِﺮﺏ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪ ‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛ ﹲﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺍ َﻷﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎﻝﹸ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬
‫ﺿﻲ ‪‬ﻣﻔﹾﺘ‪‬ﻮﺡ‪ ‬ﺍﻵ ِﺧـ ِﺮ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﻣ‪‬ـﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﺠ‪‬ـﺰ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪،‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪‬؛ ﹶﻓﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِ‬

‫‪     ‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪  ‬‬
‫ﻀﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺘـﻪ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻳﻘﺒـ ﹶﻞ ﺗ‪‬ـﺂ َﺀ‬ ‫ﻀﻰ ﻭﺍﻧﻘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺙﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ( ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺩ‪ ‬ﱠﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺪ ٍ‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛ ﹲﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫)ﺍ َﻷﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ﹸﻝ ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬
‫ﺙ‬‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ،(‬ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺩ‪ ‬ﱠﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ٍ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺄﻧﻴﺚِ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ ﻓﻴـﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ﻭﺳ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬‬‫ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﳊﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎ ﹶﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺘﻪ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻳﻘﺒ ﹶﻞ ﺍﻟﺴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺙ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴـﺘﻘﺒﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ).‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪ ‬ﺮ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺩ‪ ‬ﱠﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ٍ‬ ‫ﺳ‪‬ﻴﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﺿـ ِﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘـﻮﻝ ﻓﻴـﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺘﻪ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻳﻘﺒ ﹶﻞ ﻳﺂﺀَ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺜ ِﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﹶ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺪ ﱡﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻄﻠ ِ‬
‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ،(‬ﺍﻷﻭ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺜﺎﻝﹲ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻟﻠﻤﻀـﺎﺭﻉِ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮِﺑﻲ‪).‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬‬
‫ﺏ‪،‬‬‫ﺡ ﺍﻵ ِﺧ ِﺮ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ( ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻟﻔ ﹰﻈﺎ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿﻲ ‪‬ﻣﻔﹾ‪‬ﺘﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻸﻣ ِﺮ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِ‬‫ﺚ‪ :‬ﻟ َ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟـ ﹸ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ‬ﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ﻟﻠﺘ‪ ‬ﻌﺬﱡ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻛﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻛﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﻇﻬﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢِ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﺬﱢ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ﻛﺮﺍﻫ ﹶﺔ ﺗﻮﺍﱄ ﺃﺭﺑﻊِ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺿﺮﺑﻮﺍ؛ ﻷ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ؛ ﻓﻀﻤ‪ ‬ﹸﺔ ﺍ ﹸﳌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ﲤﻨﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﻇﻬﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢِ؛ ﻓﻴﻘﺎ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘ ٍﺢ ﻣﻘﺪ‪‬ﺭٍ ﻣﻨـﻊ‪ ‬ﻣـﻦ‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﶈﻞﱢ ﲝﺮﻛ ِﺔ ﺍ ﹸﳌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﻣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ(‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺴـﻜﻮ ِﻥ‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠ ِﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺣﺮ ِ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﳉﹶﺰ ِﻡ؛ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺘﻼ‪ ‬ﺁ ِﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻴﺂ ِﺀ ﻳﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﻣﺒﻨﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺬ ِ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﺳﺎﻛﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻣﻊ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺒ ﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘﺢٍ ﻣ‪‬ﻘﹶﺪ‪‬ﺭٍ ﻣﻨﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻛﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻡ ﻣﻊ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘﺢٍ ﻣﻘﺪ‪‬ﺭٍ ﻣﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻩ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٢٢‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭِﻟ ِﻪ ِﺇﺣ‪ ‬ﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻭﺁِﺋ ِﺪ ﺍ َﻷﺭ‪‬ﺑ ِﻊ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠ‪ ‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﹸﻮﻟﹸﻚ‪:‬‬
‫ﺐ ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺟﺎ ِﺯ ‪‬ﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬‬
‫"ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﻴ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،"‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪‬ﻓﹸﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺘﻰ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪‬ﺧ‪ ‬ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬

‫ﺴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻻﺛﻨﲔ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀُ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﺧﺶ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺩﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺭ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﺿـﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺿـ ِﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍ ِﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋ ِﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺂﺀ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺜ ِﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒ ِﺔ ‪ -‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺣﺬﹾ ِ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺓ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒﻨ‪‬ـﻰ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿ ِﺮﰊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﻨ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﺇﱃ ﻧﻮ ِﻥ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍ ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﺮ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ِﻥ ﺍﺗﺼﻠﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢِ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ ﻳﺎِﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﻔﻴﻔ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻦ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮ ِﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻴﻠ ِﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺃﻭ‪‬ﻟِـ ِﻪ ِﺇﺣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﺋِـ ِﺪ‬
‫ﺍ َﻷﺭ‪‬ﺑ ِﻊ‪ ،‬ﻳﺠ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻗﻮﹸﻟﻚ‪" :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﻴ‪‬ﺖ‪ ("‬ﺑﺸﺮﻁِ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﻜﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺍﳍﻤﺰ ﹸﺓ ِﻟﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﳓـﻮ‪ :‬ﺃﻗـﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﻮ ﹸﻥ‬
‫ﺐ ﳓـﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻘﹸـﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺂﺀ‬
‫ﺴﻪ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀ ﻟﻠﻐﺂﺋِـ ِ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻜﻠ ِﻢ ﻭﻣﻌﻪ ﻏﲑﻩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻈﱢ ِﻢ ﻧﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﺗﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﹶﺜ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺂِﺋﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ِ :‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨﺪ‪ ‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﺮﺟﺖِ ﺍﳍﻤـﺰ ﹸﺓ ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻟﻴﺴـﺖ‬ ‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﻟﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‪،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻜﻠ ِﻢ ﻭﻣﻌﻪ ﻏﲑﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻈـ ِﻢ ﻧﻔﺴ‪‬ـﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻟﻴﺴـﺖ ﻟﻠﻐﺂﺋـﺐ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻧ ‪‬ﺮﺟ‪‬ﺲ‪ ‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺁﺀَ‪ِ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﻌ ﹶﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﺮﺟِﺲ‪ ‬ﻓِﺈﻧ‪‬ﻪ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﺤﻨ‪‬ﺂﺀُ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺮﺝ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺂﺀ‬ ‫ﻀ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮﻧ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ؛ ﻓِﺈﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮﻧ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ِ‬‫ﺐ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻧﹶﺄ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺸﻴ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻗﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻭﻧﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻭﻳﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺴﹶﺄﹶﻟ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺤ ِﻮ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺂﺀُ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻃﹶ ِ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻴ‪‬ﺔ؛ ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩِ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺃﻭﳍﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻋﲏ ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺂﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻴـﺂﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﺎ ِﺯ ِﻡ‬
‫ﺻ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﺟﺎ ِﺯ ‪‬ﻡ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺍﻓﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠﺮ‪‬ﺩ‪ ‬ﻩ ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺻ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪ ‬ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺧ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﺎﻣﻞﹲ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ‪ ‬ﻻ ﻟﻔﻈ ‪‬ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺩﺧ ﹶﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞﹲ ﻧﺎﺻﺐ‪ ‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻨﺼﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﳚﺰﻣﻪ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻧ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﻧﺎﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﺷ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺰ‪‬ﻛﺎﻡِ ﻭﺍﻟﺼ‪‬ﺪﺍﻉ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺹ ‪.٧٠٦‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺹ ‪.٧٣‬‬

‫)‪(٢٣‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹲ(‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻥﹾ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟـﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹶﺫﻥﹾ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻﻡ‪ ‬ﹶﻛﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺻﺐ‪ ‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫) ﹶﻓﺎﻟـ‪‬ﻨﻮﺍ ِ‬

‫ﺐ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﺄ ﹾﻥ‬
‫ﺴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺘ‪‬ﺔﹲ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺑﻨﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹲ(‪ ،‬ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔﹲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻﺐ‪‬‬
‫) ﹶﻓﺎﻟ‪‬ﻨﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜـﺎﻝ‬‫ﺐ ﺑﻨﻔ ِ‬‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﺯﺍ ) ‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻥﹾ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹶﺫﻥﹾ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛﻲ( ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺐ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌـ ﹸﻞ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺭﻱ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻌ ﺠِﺒ‪‬ﻨِـﻲ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫"ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ"‪ :‬ﻳﻌﺠﺒﲏ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﻀ ِﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒﻚ‪ ‬ﻣﻊ ﻣـﺎ ﺑﻌـ ‪‬ﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺭﻳ‪‬ﺎ؛ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻴﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ﹰﻓﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀـﺎﺭ ﻉ‪ :‬ﺗ ﻀ‪‬ـ ِﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ٍﺭ؛ ِﺇ ِﺫ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ﻳﻌﺠﺒﲏ ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻝ "ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ" ﻗﻮﻟـﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ﻳﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻟـﻦ‪ :‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔ ٍﻲ‬ ‫ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‬‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﰲ ﺟﻮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻝ "ِﺇ ﹶﺫ ﹾﻥ" ﻗﻮﻟـﻚ‪ِ :‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﹸﺃ ﹾﻛ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ﹰ‬
‫ﺼﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻧﺼﺐٍ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝٍ؛ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﻭﺟﺰﺁﺀٍ ﻭﻧﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﹸﺃ ﹾﻛ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺟﻮﺍ ٍ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ ﹶﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺃﺯﻭ ‪‬ﺭﻙ‪ ‬ﻏﹶ ‪‬ﺪﺍ؛ ﻓـ ِﺇ ﹶﺫ ﹾﻥ‪ :‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ؛ ﻟﻮﻗﻮﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﺰﺁﺀٍ؛ ﻷﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺟﺰﺁﺀٌ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺟﻮﺍ ٍ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑـ ِﺇ ﹶﺫ ﹾﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ﻤ‪‬ﻴ ﺖ‪ ‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺕ ‪.‬‬‫ﺐ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳌﻄـﻮ‪‬ﻻ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹶﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻨﺼﺒﻬﺎ ﺷﺮﻭﻁﹲ ﺗﻄﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ؛ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳌﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﺜﺎ ﹸﻝ "ﻛﻲ"‪ :‬ﺟﺌﺖ‪ ‬ﻛﻲ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗ ‪‬ﺮﹶﺃ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖِ ﺍﻟﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ﹰﺓ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﻟﻜﻲ ﺃﻗﺮﺃ؛ ﻓﺘﻜـﻮﻥ "ﻛـﻲ"‬
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻳ ﹰﺔ ﲟﻌﲎ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻗﺮﺃ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﻲ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴـﻞ ‪-‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺐ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‪ ).‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﻛﻲ‪ (‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻧﺎﺻﺒ ﹰﺔ ﺑﻨﻔﺴـﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ‬
‫ﺐ ﺑﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻫﺎ ﺟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﺯﺍ ﰲ ﻻ ِﻡ ﻛﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺜـﺎﻝ ﻻﻡ ﻛـﻲ‪ :‬ﺟﺌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺟ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻌـﻞ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﺟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﺯﺍ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﻗﻴﻞ ﳍﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻷﻗﺮﹶﺃ؛ ﻓـﺎﻟﻼﻡ‪ :‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻻﻡ ﻛﻲ؛ ﻹﻓﺎﺩ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴ ﹶﻞ ﻣﺜ ﹶﻞ ﻛﻲ؛ ﻭﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺪﺧ ﹸﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ "ﻛﻲ"‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟﺌﺖ‪ ‬ﻟﻜﻲ ﺃﻗﺮﺃ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺛﻼﺛﺔﹸ ﺷﺮﻭﻁٍ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻮ ‪‬ﺣﺪ‪‬ﺛﹶ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‬
‫ﺷﺨﺺ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﺇِ ﹶﺫﻥﹾ ﺑ‪‬ﺼﺪ‪‬ﻕ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺮ‪‬ﻓﻊِ؛ ﻷﻥﱠ ﻣ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺍﺩ‪‬ﻙ ﺍﳊﺎﻝﹸ ﻻ ﺍﻻ ‪‬ﺳﺘِﻘﹾﺒ‪‬ﺎﻝﹸ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚﹸ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳ‪‬ﻔﹾﺼِﻞﹶ ﺑﻴﻨ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﲔ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞِ ﻓﺎﺻِ ﹲﻞ ﻏﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻘﹶﺴ‪‬ﻢِ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺇِﺫﹶﻥ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺃﹸﻛﹾﺮِﻣ‪‬ﻚ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٢٤‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾـﺠ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ـﻮ ِﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣـ‪‬ﺘﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾـﺠ‪‬ـﻮﺍﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾـ ﹶﻔـﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾـ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ‪،‬‬

‫ﺴِﺒ ﹶﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺑـ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺿـﺎﺑﻄﹸ ﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻮ ِﺩ( ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﹾﻔﻲِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪& ،^& :‬‬
‫ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﻴ ﹸﺔ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜ ِﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﻔﻴ ﹸﺔ ِﺑﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﻭﻳﻐﻔـ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎ ِﻥ ِﺑﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻻ ِﻡ ﺍﳉﺤﻮﺩِ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ( ﺳﻮﺁﺀٌ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫‪^‬؛ ﻓﻴﻌﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﻜﺎﻓﺮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﺳ‪ِ‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﺣﱴ‬ ‫ﺤﻮ‪ ،^ & :‬ﺃﻭ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻻ ِﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴ ِﻞ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲟﻌﲎ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺗﺪﺧ ﹶﻞ ﺍﳉﻨ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ِﻟﺘﺪﺧ ﹶﻞ؛ ﻓـ ﻳﺮﺟـ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻭﺗ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﻞ ﻛﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪ‬
‫ﺏ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ( ﻳﻌﲏ ﺍﻟﻔﺂﺀَ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺘﲔ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﺂﺀُ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‪:‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺑﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﳘﹶﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌـﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﻮ ِﻋﻬِ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺻﺒﺘﲔ ﺑﺄﻧﻔﺴﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺼ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓـ‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ ِﺇﹶﻟﻴ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹸﻗﻮ ‪‬ﻋﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻊِ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌ ِﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭ ِﺓ ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗِﺒ ﹾﻞ ﹶﻓﹸﺄﺣ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ‪-‬‬‫ﺏ ﺍﻷﻣ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﻗﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﻭﹸﺃﺣ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌ ِﺔ ِﻓﻲ ﺟﻮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ِ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻌﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ؛ ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺼﺐ ﺑﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮﺓ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪:‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻳﻐﻀ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻀ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻐ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﻻ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴﻐ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﻬ‪ ‬ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺂﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺘﲔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟـﺚ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺂﺀُ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﻭﻓﱢ ﹾﻘﻨِـﻲ‬
‫ﳊﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺃﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺂ ِﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ‬ ‫ﳊﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﺻﺎ ﹰ‬
‫ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﺻﺎ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺘﲔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺂ ِﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﻣ ِﺮ‪ -‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻷﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﻃﻠﺐ‪ ‬ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﻠـﻰ ﺇﱃ ﺍ َﻷﺩﱏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪،‬‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﺂﺀَ ﻃﻠﺐ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻫﻞ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍ ِﺭ ﻓﺄﺫﻫ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺂﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺘﲔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺃﺫﻫ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﺫﹾ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺧﲑ‪‬ﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺗﺼﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺧﲑ‪‬ﺍ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ِ‬‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ﺽ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻻ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِﺰ ﹸﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﻓﺘﺼﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻀ ‪‬ﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺂ ِﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺘﲔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮﺽِ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻳ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ـﻼﹶ‬
‫ـﻲ‪ ‬ﻗﹶ ـﺪ‪ ‬ﻛﹶﻤ‪‬ـ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺗ‪‬ﻤ‪ ‬ـﻦ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﺭ‪‬ﺝ‪ ‬ﻛﹶ ـﺬﹶﺍﻙ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻔـ‬ ‫ﻣ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻧ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﺩ‪‬ﻉ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ـﻞﹾ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻋ‪‬ـﺮِﺽ‪ ‬ﻟِﺤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ـﻬِﻢ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٢٥‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ( ‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﹶﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻﻡ‪ ‬ﺍ َﻷﻣ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻭ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ِﺯﻡ‪ ‬ﹶﺛ ‪‬ﻤﺎِﻧ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬

‫ﺸ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻙ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻳﺸـﻜ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺸ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻙ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ﹶﻻ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺖ‪ ‬ﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬‫ﺾ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻀـﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ‪ -‬ﺃ ﱠﻥ‬ ‫ﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔـﺮﻕ‪ ‬ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮﺽِ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺂ ِﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺘﲔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺝ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺑﻊ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻤﻨِـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺚﱟ ‪‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺐ ِﺑ ‪‬‬‫ﺾ ﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻄﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِﺑ ِﺮ ﹾﻓ ٍﻖ ‪‬ﻭِﻟ‪‬ﻴﻦٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻀﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮﺽ‪ ‬ﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ﱠﻄﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻟﻲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹰﻻ ﹶﻓﹶﺄﺣ‪‬ﺞ‪ِ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﺣ‪‬ﺞ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣﺞ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔـﺂ ِﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟـﻮﺍ ِﻭ‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﻴﺦ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹾﻔﻬِ ‪‬ﻤِﻨﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔﻬِ ‪‬ﻤﻨِـﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢ ‪‬ﻲ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﺟﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺘﲔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﲏ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻣﻦ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﺮﺟ‪‬ـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓـ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔﻬِـ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺂﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺘﲔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺟﻲ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳـﻊ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻔﹾـ ‪‬ﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤ َﺪ‪‬ﹶﺛ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺂ ِﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟـﻮﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺤﺪ‪‬ﹶﺛ‪‬ﻨﺎ؛ ﻓـ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺪ‪‬ﹶﺛ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﺄﺗﻴﻨﺎ ﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻟﻠﻔﻌ ِﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉِ "ﺃﻭ"‪ ،‬ﹶﻟ ِﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮﺑـﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺘﲔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻭ‪ (‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺻ ِ‬
‫ﺴِﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻳﺴ‪‬ـِﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟ‪‬ﻮﺑ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺴِﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‪ِ :‬ﺇﻻﱠ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪َ :‬ﻷ ﹾﻗ‪‬ﺘﹶﻠﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ُ :‬ﻷﹾﻟ ِﺰ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘﻀِـ‪‬ﻴِﻨﻲ ‪‬ﺣﻘﱢـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‪ِ :‬ﺇﻟﹶـﻰ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ "ﺃﻭ" ﺍﻟﱵ ﲟﻌﲎ ِﺇﻻﱠ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺇﱃ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘﻀِ‪‬ﻴِﻨﻲ ‪‬ﺣﻘﱢﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﺗﻘﻀـ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮ ﹰﺓ ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ "ﺃﻭ" ﺍﻟﱵ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﺇﱃ‪.‬‬
‫ﺠ ِﺰ ‪‬ﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺪﺃ ﺑﺎﻟ ِﻘﺴ‪‬ـ ِﻢ ﺍﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‪ :‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ﻭﺍﺣ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭِﻗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﳚﺰﻡ ﻓﻌ ﹰ‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ( ِﻗ ‪‬‬‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ِﺯ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺛ ‪‬ﻤﺎِﻧ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌـﻞﹲ‬ ‫ﻑ ﻧﻔ ٍﻲ ﻭﺟﺰﻡٍ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻗﻠﹾـﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ـﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﱂ ﻳﻀﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ‪:‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ ) :‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﻟﻢ‪ (‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﻧﻔـﻲ؛ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﻨﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹶﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟـﺰﻡٍ؛ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺑﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﻤ‪‬ﻴﺖ‪ ‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﻧﻔـ ٍﻲ ﻭﺟـﺰﻡٍ‬ ‫ﺼﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﻣﺎﺿ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﲟﻌﲎ ﱂ‪ :‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ِﺰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻠـﺐ؛ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘِﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ ،^ & :‬ﻓـ ﻳـﺬﻭﻗﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟﺰﻣِـ ِﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﹶﻗﹾﻠﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻮ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪ ).‬ﻭﹶﺃﹶﻟﻢ‪ ، (‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ِﺇﻻﱠ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪‬ﻤـﺰ ِﺓ ﺍﻻﺳـﺘﻔﻬﺎ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﳓـﻮ‪& :‬‬ ‫ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﻧﻔ ٍﻲ ﻭﺟﺰﻡٍ ﻭﻗﻠﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺸ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﺡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀـﺎﺭﻉ‪‬‬ ‫‪ ،^‬ﻓﺎﳍﻤﺰﺓ‪ :‬ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻢ‪ :‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺎﳍﻤﺰﺓﹸ‪:‬‬ ‫ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺑﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ).‬ﻭﹶﺃﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ ِﺇﻻﱠ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪‬ﻤﺰ ِﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﺃﺣ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﻲ ﻭﺟﺰﻡ ﻭﻗﻠﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺣﺴِـ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑــ ﳌـﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻻ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻷﻣ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﻔِـﻖ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑﻼ ِﻡ ﺍ َﻷﻣـ ِﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍ َﻷﻣ‪ِ ‬ﺮ( ﳓﻮ‪ ^ & :‬ﻓﺎﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﻭ ﹸﺫﻭ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻭ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺂﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻌ ٍﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮ ِﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٢٦‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ـﺂﺀِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪"‬ﻻﹶ" ﻓِﻲ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ــﻬ‪‬ﻲِ ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟـﺪ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ــ ﺂﺀِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺇِﻥﹾ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ــﺎ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ـ ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ـﻬ‪‬ـﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺇِﺫﹾﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺃﹶﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺘ‪‬ـﻰ‪،‬‬

‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﺂ ُﺀ( ﻻ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺂ ِﺀ ﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﻻ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍ َﻷﻣ ِﺮ ِﺇﻻﱠ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ؛ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺴ‪‬ـﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟـﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﺂ ِﺀ‬
‫ﺾ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎـﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑـﻼ ِﻡ‬ ‫‪‬ﺗﹶﺄﺩ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ ، ^& :‬ﻓﺎﻟﻼﻡ‪ :‬ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻘ ِ‬
‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﹸﺓ ﻗﺒﹶﻠﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺩﻟﻴﻞﹲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺣﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﻋﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺣﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑﻼ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟـﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﺂ ِﺀ(‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻬ‪ِ ‬ﻲ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﻒ‪ ،‬ﻓــ ﻻ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﻫﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﺨ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬
‫"ﻻ" ﺍﻟﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﺂِﺋﻴ‪ ‬ﹸﺔ‪ :‬ﻫﻲ "ﻻ" ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴ ﹸﺔ‪ِ ،‬ﺇﻻﱠ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ ،^& :‬ﻓـ‬
‫‪‬ﺗﺆ‪‬ﺍ ِﺧ ﹾﺬ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺑﻼ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺂِﺋﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ .‬ﺇﱃ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﳚﺰﻡ ﻓﻌﻼ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍ‪ .‬ﺛﹸـ ﻢ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﺬ ﻳﺘﻜﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﳚﺰ ‪‬ﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ ) :‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﻲ‪ :‬ﺣﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﳚـﺰ ‪‬ﻡ ﻓﻌﻠـﲔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﻓﻌـ ﹸﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﺟﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟﺰﺁ ‪‬ﺅ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻳ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻳﻘﹸـ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـﺈﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜـﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﺰﺁﺅ‪‬ﻩ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻞ‬
‫ﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ‬ﳚﺰ ‪‬ﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﻓﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﺟﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟـﺰﺁﺅ‪‬ﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻣـﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍ‬
‫ﻓـ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺃﻳ ﻀ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﻮﺍﺑ‪‬ـﻪ‬
‫ﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ‬ﳚﺰ ‪‬ﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓــ ﻳﻘـﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺰﺁﺅﻩ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻦ‪ (‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃﹸﻗ ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﻌﻪ؛ ﻓــ ﻣـﻦ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﻮﺍﺑ‪‬ـﻪ ﻭﺟـﺰﺁﺅ‪‬ﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻔﻌـﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ ‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻞ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻪ ﻓﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﺰﺁﺅ‪‬ﻩ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﺫﹾ ‪‬ﻣﺎ( ﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﺣـﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﻣﺜـﻞ ِﺇ ﹾﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻱ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﳓﻮ‪ِ :‬ﺇﺫﹾ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻳ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑﻪ ﻛِﺈﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﻭﻗﺪ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ‪ ).‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ِﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺷـﺮﻃ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺑ‪‬ـﻪ ﻭﺟـﺰﺁﺅ‪‬ﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪‬؛ ﹶﻓ ﹶﺄﻳ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍ‬
‫ﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻩ ﺷﺮﻃ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟﺰﺁ ‪‬ﺅﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘﻰ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘﻰ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄ ﹸﻛ ﹾﻞ ﺁ ﹸﻛ ﹾﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻣﱴ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍ‬

‫)‪(٢٧‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺻﺔﹰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺸﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺧﺂ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺎﻥﹶ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻳ‪ ‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﻴ‪‬ﺜﹸ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛﻴ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﺫﹾﺍ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬

‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺎﻥﹶ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗﻌ ِﺪ ﹾﻝ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋ ِﺪ ﹾﻝ؛ ﻓـ ﺃﻳـﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍ‬

‫ﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣـﺎ‪ :‬ﺯﺁﺋـﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻃﹸ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟﺰﺁ ‪‬ﺅ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻳ‪ ‬ﻦ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِﺰ ﹾﻝ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ِﺰ ﹾﻝ؛ ﻓــ ﺃﻳـﻦ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺟـﺎﺯﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣـﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘ ِﻘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺢ‪ ،‬ﻓــ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ـﻰ‪ :‬ﺍﺳـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺯﺁﺋﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪﻩ ﺷﺮﻃﹸ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟﺰﺁ ‪‬ﺅﻩ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﻰ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﷲ‬
‫ﻚﺍ ُ‬ ‫ﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪﻩ ﺷﺮﻃﹸﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﺰﺁﺅ‪‬ﻩ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﻴ‪‬ﺜﹸ ‪‬ﻤﺎ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺣ‪‬ﻴﹸﺜ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘ ِﻘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ﹶﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮ ٍ‬
‫ﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺴ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺘ ِﻘ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻓﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻘﹶـﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ‪ :‬ﺟﻮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟـﺰﺁ ‪‬ﺅ ‪‬ﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺠﺎ ‪‬ﺣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓــ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻴﹸﺜ ﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍ‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠِﻠﺲ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﺟ‪ِ‬ﻠﺲ‪‬؛ ﹶﻓـ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛﻴ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻤﺎ( ﺍﳉﺰﻡ ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻓﻴﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﻳﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﹶﻛ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻁ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪﻩ ﺷﺮﻃﹸ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺟﺰﺁ ‪‬ﺅ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸ‪‬ﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺧﺂﺻ‪‬ﺔﹰ( ﻫﺬﺍ ﺯﺁﺋـﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺷﺮ ٍ‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﳉﺰ ‪‬ﻡ ﺑِﺈﺫﹶﺍ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸ‪ ‬ﻌ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﹶﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﹾﺜ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﺸ‪‬ﺎ ِﻋ ‪‬ﺮ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﱠﺜ ‪‬ﻤﺎِﻧ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ــ ِﻞ‬
‫ﺼﺎﺻ‪‬ــﺔﹲ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺗﺼِــ‪‬ﺒﻚ‪ ‬ﺧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻞ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪ِ ‬ﻞ‪ :‬ﺟﻮﺍ‪‬ﺑﻪ؛ ﹶﻓﺎﻟ ﹶﻔﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔﹲ ﻟﻠﺠﻮﺍﺏِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﻓﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﺸ‪ ‬ﺮﻁِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﹶﻠ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺒ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻓـ ‪‬ﺗ ِ‬
‫ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻜﻮﻥٍ ﻣﻘﺪ‪‬ﺭٍ‪ ،‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻇﹸﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﺭ ِﻩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﶈﻞﱢ ﲝﺮﻛ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻭﻱ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺻ‪‬ــﺪ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﻩ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﺳ‪‬ــﺘ‪ ‬ﻐﻦِ ﻣ‪‬ــﺂ ﺃﹶ ﹾﻏﻨ‪‬ــﺎﻙ‪ ‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ــﻚ‪ ‬ﺑِــﺎﻟ ِﻐﻨ‪‬ﻰ‬
‫ﻭ‪"‬ﺗ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻞ" ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺗ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭﻯ ﺑﺎﳉﻴﻢ " ﻓﹶﺘ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻞِ"‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٢٨‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻠﹸـﻪ‪،‬‬‫ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﻓﹸﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺳﺒ‪ ‬ﻌ ﹲﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋﻞﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾﻌ‪‬ﻮ ِﻝ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘﺪﺃﹸ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍﺗ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍﺗ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ـﺎِﺑﻊ‪‬‬
‫ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﻓﹸﻮﻉِ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺔﹸ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻄﹾﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻛﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹸ‪.‬‬

‫‪     ‬‬

‫‪     ‬‬
‫‪  ‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺯﻳـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔـﱴ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﻼﻣـﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪ ‬ﹸﻓﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺳﺒ‪ ‬ﻌ ﹲﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ﹸﻞ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻀﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﻤﺮﻭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ِﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫)ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺒ‪‬ﺘﺪﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﱴ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﻏﻼﻣﻲ ﻗﺂﺋﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻒ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎﺿِ ﹸﻞ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻄﹾ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺎِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪ ‬ﹸﻓﻮﻉِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،(‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﺧ‪‬ـﻮﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﹸﻛﱡﻠﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓﹲ ﻫﻨﺎ ِﺇﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳ‪‬ﻴﺬﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ﻛ ﱡﻞ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪٍ ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺑـﺎ ٍ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻔﺼ‪‬ﹶﻠ ﹰﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٢٩‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋﻞﹸ‪ :‬ﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﻓﹸﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹾﻛﹸﻮﺭ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﺒ‪ ‬ﹶﻠﻪ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻌ‪‬ﻠﹸﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻘﹸﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﹶﻇﺎ ِﻫﺮٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ٍﺮ؛ ﹶﻓﺎﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫﺮ‪ ‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻘﹸﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻭﻥﹶ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻘﹸﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻭﻥﹶ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺟﺎﻝﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻘﹸﻮﻡ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺟﺎﻝﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻫﻨ‪ ‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻡ‪ِ ‬ﻫﻨ‪ ‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺖِ ﺍﻟﹾﻬِﻨ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻬِﻨ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪،‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ِﻣﺖِ ﺍﻟﹾﻬِﻨ‪ ‬ﺪﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻬِﻨ‪ ‬ﺪﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺖِ ﺍﻟﹾﻬ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻬ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻮﺩ‪،‬‬

‫‪     ‬‬‫‪  ‬‬

‫ﻉ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹾ ﹸﻛﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻗﺒ‪ ‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ِﻓﻌ‪ ‬ﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ﹸﻞ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﹸﻓﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻩ ﺑﻼ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﻴﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻛـ‪:‬ﺯﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ٍ ‬ﻞ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ٍﺮ( ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﱠﻝ‬ ‫ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻇﹶﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ( ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺩﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻘـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺃﻭ ﻏﺂِﺋﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻛﹶﺄ‪‬ﻧﺎ ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺖ‪ ‬ﻭﻫﻮ‪ ).‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ٍ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ٍﻢ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘ ٍﺢ ﻇﺎﻫﺮٍ ﰲ ﺁﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳـﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ( ﻓﻴﻘـﻮﻡ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﳉﺎ ِﺯ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋـﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓـﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ـﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭﻗﹶـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﺻ ِ‬ ‫ﺠﺮ‪‬ﺩِ ِﻩ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ؛ ِﻟ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ‪‬ﻣﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﻰ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻘﹸـﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ( ﻓﻘﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ( ﻓﻴﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﻭﻥﹶ( ﻓﻘـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌـﻞﹲ‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﲨﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ‪‬ﺳﺎِﻟﻢ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﻭﻥﹶ(‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻘـﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺪﻭﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﺟﺎ ﹸﻝ( ﻓﺎﻟﺮﺟـﺎ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﲨﻊ‪ ‬ﺗﻜﺴ ٍﲑ ﻓﺎﻋـ ﹸﻞ ﻗـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‪،‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﺟﺎ ﹸﻝ( ﻓﺎﻟﺮﺟﺎ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋ ﹸﻞ ﻳﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻫﻨ‪ ‬ﺪ( ﻓﻘﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ِﻫﻨ‪ ‬ﺪ( ﻓﺘﻘﻮﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨـﺪ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺖِ ﺍﻟﹾﻬِﻨ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ( ﻓﻘـﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌـﻞﹲ‬ ‫ٌ‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳍﻨﺪﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﻬِﻨ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ( ﻓﺘﻘـﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳍﻨـﺪﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻠﹸـﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎﻣ‪‬ـﺖ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳍﻨـﻮ ‪‬ﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳍﻨـﺪﺍﺕ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺖِ ﺍﻟﹾﻬ‪‬ﻨﻮ ‪‬ﺩ( ﻓﻘـﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣـﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﹾﻬِﻨ‪ ‬ﺪﺍﺕ‪ (‬ﻓﻘـﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﲨﻊ ﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﲨﻊ ﺗﻜﺴﲑ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﹾﻬ‪‬ﻨﻮ ‪‬ﺩ( ﻓﺘﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳍﻨﻮ ‪‬ﺩ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٣٠‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﻭ‪‬ﻗﹶـﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﺃﹶﺧ‪‬ـﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻘﹸـﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺃﹶﺧ‪‬ـﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻗﹶـﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﻏﹸـﻼﹶﻣِﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻘﹸـﻮﻡ‪‬‬

‫ﻏﹸـﻼﹶﻣِﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﹶﺷ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﺫﹶﻟِﻚ‪ .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ ‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﺛﹾﻨ‪‬ـﺎ ﻋ‪‬ﺸ‪‬ـ ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﻗﹶﻮ‪‬ﻟِﻚ‪:‬‬
‫ﺿ‪‬ـﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺿ‪‬ـﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺿ‪‬ـﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺿ‪‬ـﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺖِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺿ‪‬ـﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪،‬‬

‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺧ‪‬ـﻮ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ؛ َﻷﻧ‪‬ﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺂﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜـﺎﻑ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻮﻙ‪ (‬ﻓﻘﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻼ ِﻣﻲ( ﻓﻘـﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌـﻞﹲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺧـﻮﻙ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻮﻙ‪ (‬ﻓﻴﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪،‬‬
‫ﻀﻤ‪‬ﺔٍ ﻣﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ٍﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒ ِﻞ ﻳﺎ ِﺀ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣِﻨ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﻇﹸﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﺍﺷـﺘﻐﺎ ﹸﻝ‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﻼﻣـﻲ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏـﻼﻡ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳـﺂﺀ ﺍﳌـﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ِﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ(‪ .‬ﻭﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻠﹶـ ﹸﺔ ﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻣﻲ( ﻓﻴﻘـﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﻼﻣـﻲ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺟﺮ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬
‫ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ِﻋﺸ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ﹶﻥ ِﻣﺜﺎ ﹰﻻ‪ ،‬ﻋﺸﺮﺓﹲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺸﺮﺓﹲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉِ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﱡﻠﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫ ِﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﳌـﺎ ﹶﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ‪ -‬ﺃﺧﺬ ﻳﺘﻜﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻀﻤ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﺛﻨﺎ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺿﻤﲑ‪‬ﺍ‪ ،‬ﺳـﺒﻌﺔﹲ‪ :‬ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺿـ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﲬﺴـﺔﹲ‪:‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ (‬ﺑﻔﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ﻭﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘـﺂ ِﺀ ِﻟﻠﻤ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺎ ﹶﻝ‪ ) :‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﺛﹾ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﺂﺋ ِ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﻨﺎ(‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺂﺀ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺿﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺽ‪،‬‬‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﻏ ‪‬ﲑ ‪‬ﻩ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑـﻪ‪ :‬ﺿـﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣـﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺘ ِﺢ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ﻭﺳ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂ ِﺀ ِﻟﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻈﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑـﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎﻃﹶـ ِ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ (‬ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻧﺎ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢِ ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖِ(‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿـﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺂﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺜ ِﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒـ ِﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺽ‪ُ ،‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻃﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺿﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ( ﺑﻔﺘ ِﺢ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ﻭﺿـﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘـﺂ ِﺀ ﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ـﻰ ﺍﹾﻟﻤ‪‬ـﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴ ِﺮ ِﻓﻲ ﳏﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺂﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺘﲔ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺚِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺿﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻴﻢ‪ :‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻤﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺩﺁﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻟﻴ‪‬ﺂﺀ‪ :‬ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﺴﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﹶﺒ‪‬ﻠﹶﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٣١‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪ ‬ﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘ‪ ‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‪،‬‬ ‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺿـﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣـﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘﻢ‪ (‬ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ﻭﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻴﻢ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﲨـﻊِ ﺍﻟـﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺂﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﰲ ﳏ ِﻞ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪ُ ،‬‬
‫ﺽ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘﻦ‪ (‬ﺑﻔﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩِ ﻭﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﺂ ِﺀ ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺿﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣـﺎ ٍ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﲨﻊِ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺏ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ ﻣﺜﻼ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬‫ﺐ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪ ) :‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﺷـﺎﺭ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻣﺜﻠ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋ ِ‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋـ ﹸﻞ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ "ﻫﻮ"‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠـﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ِﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺒﺘ‪‬ـﺪﺇ‪.‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ (‬ﺑﺴﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ﻟﻠﻐﺂﺋﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﻫﻨﺪ‪ ‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑـﻪ‪ :‬ﻫﻨـﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺂﺀ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﺎﻋﻠـﻪ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ﺖ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ(‬‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ "ﻫﻲ"‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ِﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ِﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓﻊِ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ ﺍ ﹸﳌ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪِﺇ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺜﲎ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋﺐ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ ﻣﺜﻼ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺪﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ‬
‫ﺽ‪،‬‬‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺜﲎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻮﺽ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﱪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺇ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺜﲎ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋﺐ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﺮﺑﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺿﺮﺑﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑـﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﳍﻨـﺪﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ‬
‫ﳊ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛ ﹸﺔ‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚِ ﻭﺣ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻛﺖ‪ ‬ﻻﹾﻟِﺘ ﹶﻘﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ِﻛ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛﺎِﻧﺖِ ﺍ ﹶ‬‫ﻣﺜﲎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﱪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘـﺪﺇ‪.‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻒ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ﹰﺔ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬
‫ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ( ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋﺒﲔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ ﻣﺜﻼ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺰﻳـﺪﻭﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ؛ َﻷﻧ‪‬ﻪ ﲨﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺬ ﱠﻛﺮٍ ﺳ‪‬ﺎِﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ :‬ﻋﻮﺽ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳ ِﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘ ٍﺢ ﻣﻘﺪ‪‬ﺭٍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ ‪‬ﻣِﻨ ‪‬ﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻇﹸﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﺭ ِﻩ ﺍﺷﺘﻐﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺤ‪‬ـﻞﱢ‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﺮ ِﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺳِﺒ ِﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺧـﱪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘـﺪﺇ‪.‬‬ ‫ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑـﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﳍﻨـﺪﺍ ﺕ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ‬
‫ﻼ‪ :‬ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪ ‬ﻦ( ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺙ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢِ ﰲ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺧﱪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺇ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻟﻴ‪‬ﺂﺀ‪ :‬ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﺴﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﹶﺒ‪‬ﻠﹶﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٣٢‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺿ‪‬ﻴﺎ‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﻓﹸﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﺬﹾ ﹶﻛﺮ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻪ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻠﹸﻪ‪ .‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ﻞﹸ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺢ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺒ‪‬ﻞﹸ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ﺿ‪ ‬ﻢ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹸﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﻓﹸِﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ‪ ‬ﻢ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹸﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﻛﹸ ِ‬
‫ﹶﻗﺒ‪‬ﻞﹸ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻇﹶﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪               ‬‬
‫ﻉ ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﺬﹾ ﹶﻛﺮ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ﹸﻠﻪ‪ (‬ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﳌﻔﻌـﻮ ﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ِﻞ ) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪ ‬ﹸﻓﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﻧﺂِﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﻓﺎﻋِﻠﻪ ِﻓﻲ ﲨﻴ ِﻊ‬ ‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻧﺂِﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﱂ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻏﺮﺍﺽِ‪ ،‬ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌـﺎﱃ‪^   & :‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻟﻐﺮ ٍ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎ ِﻣ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ﺣﺬ ِ‬
‫ﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﻟ ِﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻟﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎ ﹶﻥ؛ ﺑﺮﻓﻊِ ﻟﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﷲ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫ﺍﻷﺻـﻞ‪ :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻖ ﺍ ُ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺇﻟﻴـﻪ؛ ﻓﹶـﹸﺄ ِﻗﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﻟ ِﺔ؛ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹸﻞ ﳏﺘﺎﺟ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ﹸﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻟﻔ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺤﺬِ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺑﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﰲ ﺍ ِﻹﺳ‪‬ﻨﺎ ِﺩ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹸﺄ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻄ ‪‬ﻰ ﲨﻴ ‪‬ﻊ ﺃﺣﻜﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ؛ ﻓﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ ﻣﺮﻓﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺼﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ؛ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﺒﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﺻﻮﺭ‪‬ﺗﻪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ؛ ﹶﻓﺎﺣ‪ِ‬ﺘﻴ ‪‬ﺞ ﺇﱃ ﲤﻴﻴﺰ ﺃﺣ ِﺪﳘﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻵ ‪‬ﺧ ِﺮ‪،‬‬
‫ﻆ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ِﻞ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻩ ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻧﺂِﺋﺐ‪ ‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ِﻞ؛ ﻓﺒﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌـ ﹸﻞ ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﲝﻴﺚ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ﻟﻔ ﹸ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻪ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﹸﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ ﻧﺂِﺋِﺒ ِﻪ‪ .‬ﺛﹸﻢ‪ ‬ﺑﻴ‪ ‬ﻦ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﻓﹶـِﺈﻥﹾ ﻛﹶـﺎ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺒ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ ﺁﺧِـ ِﺮ ِﻩ( ﳓـﻮ‪ ،^  & :‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑـﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪‬ﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ﹸﻛ ِ‬ ‫ﺿ‪‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺷﺌﺖ‪ ‬ﻗﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﲟﻌـﲎ ﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﳌﺎ ﱂ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺧﻠِـ ‪‬ﻖ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿـﻌﻴﻔﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺣﺎﻝﹲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﹶﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎ ﹸﻥ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ ﻭ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺢ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺒ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪‬ﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ﹸﻓِﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﺷﺌﺖ‪ ‬ﻗﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﻣـﺒﲏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﳌﺎ ﱂ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻞ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﲟﻌﲎ ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻧﺂِﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻇﹶﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﻧﻈﲑﻩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٣٣‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺏ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳ‪‬ﻀ‪ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﹸﻛﹾـ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ـﺮ ‪‬ﻭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓﺎﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫﺮ‪ ‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪‬ـ ِﺮﺑ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪،‬‬‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻳ‪‬ﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮﻡ‪ ‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻭ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪ ‬ﻤﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﺛﹾ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖِ‪،‬‬

‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ ) ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ( ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﹸﻗﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﺮ ‪‬‬

‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ‪ِ‬ﻟ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ِﺑ ‪‬‬‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬‬ ‫) ﹶﻓﺎﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺮﻓـﻮﻉ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ -‬ﺗﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ ﰲ ِﺇﻋﺮﺍِﺑ ِﻪ‪ :‬‬
‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ِ‬ﻟ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻞ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ ) ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ( ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﻗﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺏ( ِﺑ ‪‬‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎﻋِـ ِﻞ ﻣﺮﻓـﻮﻉ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻧﺂِﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﻳﻀ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒ ِﻞ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ ﹸﺃﻛﹾـ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌـﻞﹲ‬ ‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻞ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ِﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﹸﺃﻛﹾ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻭ( ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ـﺮ ‪‬ﻭ(‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ :‬ﻧﺂِﺋ ‪‬‬‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻞ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻞ ﺁ ِﺧ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﺒﲏ‪ِ ‬ﻟﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﺴ‪‬ـﻢ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﺛﹾ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻋﺸ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪‬ﻟِـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ :‬ﻧﺂِﺋ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻣـﺒﲏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣـﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ِ (‬ﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ِﺮﺑ‪‬ﻨﺎ( ِﺑﻀ‪‬ـﻢ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ِ ‬ﻟﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻈﱢ ِﻢ ﻧﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ِﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ِ (‬ﺑﻀ‪‬ـﻢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﻓﺎ ِﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ُ،‬ﻭﻧ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﻧﺂﺋﺐ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ﳏﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﺴ‪‬ـﻢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍ ﹸﳌﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ِﻟﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺿ‪‬ـ ِﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖِ( ِﺑﻀ‪‬ـﻢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﹸﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻠﹸـ ‪‬ﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ٍِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻃﺒ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﹶﺜ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺮ ِﻓﻲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﹶﺜ ِﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂﺀُ ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞﹸ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤﺎﺋﺮ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٣٤‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺑ‪ ‬ﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘ‪ ‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬

‫ﺐ ﻣﺬﻛ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﹰﺜﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ( ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ـﺂﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺘﲔ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ِﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘﻢ‪(‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﻋﻤﺎ ٍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻟـﻒ‪ :‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺩﺁﻝﱞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌـﻴﻢ‪ :‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﺽ‬‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃِﺒ ‪‬‬‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﻟﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ‪ِ ،‬ﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﳌﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ـﺂﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮ ِﺓ‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮﺑ‪‬ﺘﻦ‪ِ (‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﻤِـﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﳉﹶ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺂﺀ ﺿـﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﻮﺓ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ﻳﺴﻢ ﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﺮﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﲨﻊِ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﳊﺎﺻ ﹸﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﺗ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ـ ﹶﻞ ﺑِـ ِﻪ‪ :‬ﺣﺮﻭﻑ‪ ‬ﺩﺁﻟﺔﹲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺗﺜﻨﻴـﺔٍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺂﺀَ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ﻭﻓﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟﺒﺂ ِﺀ ﻟﻠﻤﺬﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋ ِ‬ ‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ( ِﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺚ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﲨ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺬﻛ ٍﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺄﻧﻴ ٍ‬
‫ﲎ‬ ‫ﺽ ﻣـﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣـﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳓﻮ ﹶﻗﻮِﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ـﺎﺩِ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ِ (‬ﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘِﺘﺮ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻪ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ "ﻫﻮ"‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋـ ِﻞ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺂﺋـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﺳ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ﻟﻠﻐﺂﺋﺒﺔ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺜﺔ ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ِ :‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨﺪ‪ ‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂﺀُ ﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺄﻧﻴﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﻫ‪‬ﻨ ﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ِﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ( ﺑﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭﻛﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺂﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‪ ‬ﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ "ﻫﻲ"‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﳌﺬ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ِﻓﻲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓـﻮﻉ‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻤﺜﲎ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞٍ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ‬ ‫ﻒ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺮ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ( ﺑﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚِ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺘﺎ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﺂﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ ﰲ ﻣﺜﲎ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋ ِ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﻟﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋﺒﲔ ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻭﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮ ِﻝ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘ ٍﺢ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪‬ﺭٍ ‪‬ﻣِﻨ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﻇﹸﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﺭ ِﻩ ﺍﺷ‪‬ﺘﻐ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﶈﻞﱢ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ِﺮﺑ‪ ‬ﻦ( ﺑﻀﻢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ِﻞ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲔ ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓﻊِ‪ :‬ﻧﺂﺋ ِ‬ ‫ﻀﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍ ﹸﳌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﲨﻊِ ﺍﻟﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺓ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮﺓﹸ‪:‬‬
‫ﺕ ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﺂِﺋﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺁ ِﺀ ِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﺎﺩِ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺿﻤﲑ ﲨﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﺮ ‪‬‬‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢِ ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺂﺋ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٣٥‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ـﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹸ‪ :‬ﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﻓﹸﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﺭﻱ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻣ ِﻞ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻠﻔﹾﻈِ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﻓﹸﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﻨﺪ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﻗﹸﻮِﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‬
‫ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻭﻥﹶ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻤ‪‬ﻮﻥﹶ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹸ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﹶﻇـﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻀ‪ ‬ﻤـ ‪‬ﺮ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﻈﱠـﺎ ِﻫﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻡ ِﺫﻛﹾﺮ‪‬ﻩ‪.‬‬

‫‪(          ‬‬

‫) ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻉ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﺭﻱ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻣ ِﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻔﹾﻈِﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ( ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻫـﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﻓـﻮﻉ‪‬‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﹸﺃ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﹸﻓﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎ ِﺭ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻫﻤ‪‬ـﺎ؛ ﻓﻜـﻞﱞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﻱ‪ :‬ﺃﻱ ﺍ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺩ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣ ِﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﺮﺝ ﺑﺎﻻﺳ ِﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ﹸﻞ ﻭﺍﳊﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ‪ :‬ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻭﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ﺑﻐﲑِ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑٍ ‪‬ﺯﺁﺋ ٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﻻ ﻳﻘـﻊ‪‬‬ ‫ﺝ ِﺑﺎﳌﺮﻓﻮ ِ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﻻ ﻳﻘﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹰﺃ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
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‫ﺝ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺍ ﹾﻗ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻥ ِﺑﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞﹲ ﹶﻟ ﹾﻔﻈِـ ‪‬ﻲ ﻛﺎﻟﻔﺎﻋـ ِﻞ ﻭﻧﺂﺋـ ِ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹰﺃ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺇﹶﻟﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻪ( ﻳﻌـﲏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳋـﱪ‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪ ‬ﹸﻓﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻛﻞﱞ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹰﺃ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫـﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺴﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ‪) ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹸﻗﻮِﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻢ( ﻫﺬﺍ ﲤﺜﻴﻞﹲ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﻭﺍﳋﱪِ ﺍﳌﻔـﺮﺩﻳ ِﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓـ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﳎﺮﺩ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣ ِﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﻴ ِﺔ؛ ﻓﻬـﻮ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻭﺭﺍﻓﻌ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺁﺀُ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﺎﻣﻞﹲ ﻣﻌﻨـﻮﻱ‪‬‬
‫ﻻ ﻟﻔﻈ ‪‬ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﻣﺴﻨﺪ‪ ‬ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ؛ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺍﻓﻌ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﹸﺃ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‬
‫ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ( ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺜﺎﻝﹲ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﻭﺍﳋ ِﱪ ﺍﳌﺜﻨﻴﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺘﺪﺁ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻷﻟـﻒ‪‬‬
‫ﲎ‪.‬‬‫ﻧﻴﺎﺑ ﹰﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ؛ ﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ﻣﺜﲎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺂﺋﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪‬؛ ﻷﱠ‪‬ﻧﻪ ﻣـﺜ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺬﹶ ﱠﻛﺮٍ ﺳ‪‬ـﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟ ﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ﻭ ﹶﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫ﳋ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋ ِ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﻭﻥﹶ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﻮﻥﹶ( ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺜﺎﻝﹲ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﻭﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﲨـﻊ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺬﹶ ﱠﻛﺮٍ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﹶـﺂﺋِ ‪‬ﻤ ﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ؛ ﻷ ﱠﻥ ﻛ ﹰ‬
‫ﺳ‪‬ﺎِﻟﻢ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﹸﺃ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﹶﻇﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ﹶﻞ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ‪ ‬ﻭﻣﻀﻤﺮ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﻈﱠـﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﺫﻛﹾ ‪‬ﺮﻩ( ﻳﻌﲏ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫ﻼ ﹶﻗ ِﺮﻳ‪‬ﻨﺔٍ‪.‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉِ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ِﺑ ﹶ‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﺎﻩ ﺑﻼ ﻗﺮﻳﻨﺔٍ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪‬؛ ﹶﻓِﺈﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ﱡﻝ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﱠﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺩ‪ ‬ﱠﻝ ﻟﻔﻈ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٣٦‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﺛﹾﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻋ‪‬ﺸ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻫِﻲ‪ :‬ﺃﹶﻧ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺃﹶﻧ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺃﹶﻧ‪‬ﺖِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺃﹶﻧ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭ‪‬ﺃﹶﻧ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺃﹶﻧ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻦ‪،‬‬

‫ﺏ ﹶﺃ ِﻭ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐ‪‬ﻴﺒ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﳋ ﹶﻄﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﻏﹶﺂِﺋﺐٍ ِﺑ ﹶﻘ ِﺮﻳ‪‬ﻨ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﹶﻜﱡﻠ ِﻢ ﹶﺃ ِﻭ ﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ٍ‬‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺩ‪ ‬ﱠﻝ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ٍﻢ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺎﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﺗ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ٍﻞ؛ ﹶﻓﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺘ‪‬ﺼِـ ﹸﻞ ﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﺼ ٍﻞ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬
‫ﳓﻮ‪) :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ(‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻨﻘﺴ ‪‬ﻢ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ‪ :‬ﻣﺘ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ِﻞ ِﻓﻲ ﻗﻮِﻟ ِﻪ‪ :‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ِﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻣِﻠ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ "ِﺇﻻﱠ" ﰲ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺑﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ...‬ﺇﱃ ﺁﺧ ِﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔﺼِـ ﹸﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﹸﺃ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ "ﺇﻻ" ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻻ ‪‬ﺧِﺘ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺎ( ﺍﻟﺪﺍ ﱡﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠ ِﻢ ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟـﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ﺑﻘﻮِﻟ ِﻪ‪ ) :‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﺛﹾ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ٍﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹸـﻮﻉ‪‬‬ ‫ﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﺄ‪‬ﻧﺎ ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟـﻚ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻀﻤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻦ( ﺍﻟﺪﺍ ﱡﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ﻭﻣﻌﻪ ﻏﲑ ‪‬ﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻈ ِﻢ ﻧﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻞﱢ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒﺘ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﹶـﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤ ﻮ ﹶﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺼ ٍﻞ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨﻲ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﰲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳓ ‪‬ﻦ ﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺤ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ﰲ ﳓﻮ‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﺧﱪ ‪‬ﻩ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ؛ ﻷﻧ‪‬ﻪ ﲨﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺬﹶ ﱠﻛﺮٍ ﺳ‪‬ﺎِﻟﻢ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﺖ‪ (‬ﺑﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝﱢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ٍﻞ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨﻲ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ﳏﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺂﺀُ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺖ‪ ‬ﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶـ ﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃﺒ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪِﺇ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫ ِﺮ ِﺓ‪ ).‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﺖِ( ِﺑ ﹶﻜ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺧﻄﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭﻓﹾـ ٍﻊ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍ ﹸﳌﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﹶﺜ ِﺔ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺖِ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶـﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞٍ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ﻤ‪‬ـﺔﹲ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ِﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ( ﻟﻠ ‪‬ﻤﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﻰ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺧﻄﺎ ٍ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘﺪﺃﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶـﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞٍ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘـﺪﺃﹲ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺁﺀٌ ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﹰﺜﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﳓﻮ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﻋﻤـﺎ ٍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﻟـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ِﳌﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﺣـﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺧﻄﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠﻤ‪‬ـﻊِ‬ ‫ﻒ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺜﲎ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺘﻢ‪ِ (‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩﺍﻝﱞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺜﻨﻴ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬
‫ﺼ ٍﻞ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﲔ ِﻓﻲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮِﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃِﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪِﺇ‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻊِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂﺋِ ‪‬ﻤ َ‬ ‫ﻑ ِﺧ ﹶﻄﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟِـﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺘﻦ‪‬‬ ‫ﺙ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ؛ ﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺬ ﱠﻛﺮٍ ﺳ‪‬ﺎِﻟﻢ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﺘﻦ‪ (‬ﳉﻤﻊِ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﺣـﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶـﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞٍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﰲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺕ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ :‬ﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﲨﻊِ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺎ ٍ‬

‫)‪(٣٧‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﻭ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻦ؛ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮِﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ـﺎ ﻗﹶـﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻦ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻔﹾـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻏﻴ‪‬ـﺮ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻔﹾـ ‪‬ﺮ ٍﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻤ‪‬ﻮﻥﹶ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻓﺎﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪ ‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻗﺎِﺋ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻭﻥﹶ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻤ‪‬ﻮﻥﹶ‪.‬‬

‫ﺼ ٍﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣـﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺐ ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮِﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ( ﻟﻠﻤﻔﺮ ِﺩ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋ ِ‬
‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ِﻓﻲ ﳏﻞ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺂﺋ ﻢ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ( ﻟﻠﻤﻔ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪ِ ‬ﺓ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ﰲ ﳓـ ِﻮ‬
‫ﻗﻮِﻟﻚ‪ِ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬـﻲ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞٍ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ِﻓﻲ ﳏﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺂﺋﻤـﺔﹲ‪:‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺁﺀٌ ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻣﺬ ﱠﻛ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﹰﺜﺎ ﰲ ﳓـﻮ‬ ‫ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻤﺎ( ﻟﻠﻤﺜﻨ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋ ِ‬
‫ﺼ ٍﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﰲ ﳏـﻞﱢ ﺭﻓـ ٍﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﻬ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬
‫ﲔ ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟـﻚ‪ :‬ﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺂﺋﻤـﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺜﲎ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﻢ‪ (‬ﻟﻠﺬﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺂﺋﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻢ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞٍ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂﺋِ ‪‬ﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﺧـﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ‬
‫ﺕ ﰲ ﳓﻮ ﻗﻮﻟـﻚ‪ :‬ﻫ‪‬ـﻦ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ؛ ﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ﲨ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻣﺬﹶ ﱠﻛﺮٍ ﺳ‪‬ﺎِﻟﻢ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﻦ‪ (‬ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙِ ﺍﻟﻐ‪‬ﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺼ ٍﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ِﻓﻲ ﳏﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ٍﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂﺋِﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ﺕ‪ :‬ﺧـﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻬـﻦ ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺭﻓ ٍﻊ ‪‬ﻣﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻗﺂﺋﻤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﱠ‬
‫ﻉ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻌﻀِﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‪ِ -‬ﺑ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮﻟِـ ِﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪‬ﻣﱠﺜ ﹶﻞ ﻟﻮﻗﻮ ِ‬‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ .‬ﺛﹸﻢ‪ ‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﳌﺼﻨﻒ‪ ‬ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍ ُ‬
‫ﻚ( ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺎ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻦ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﻮﻥﹶ( ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻟﲔ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫)‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻏﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ٍﺩ(‪ .‬ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ﺑﺎﳌﻔﺮ ِﺩ ﻫﻨـﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻟـﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻠﹶـ ﹰﺔ ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘ ِﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺷ‪‬ﺒﻬ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻣﺜﲎ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ﺑﻐـﲑ ﺍﳌﻔـﺮ ِﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﳉﻤﻠ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﻭ ِﺷ‪‬ﺒﻬ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠـ ﹸﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻜـﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻞٍ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻞٍ ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎﻋﻞٍ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭﺧﱪ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻗﺂﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬ﺮ ﱠﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮ ﱠﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃٍ ﻭﺧ ٍﱪ ‪‬ﻳﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﲨﻠ ﹰﺔ ﺍﲰﻴ ﹰﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻈﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺎﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻳﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﲨﻠ ﹰﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴ ﹰﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﺮ ﱠﻛ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺰﻳـﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺂﺋ ﻢ‪ :‬ﺧـﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳉﺂ ‪‬ﺭ ﻭﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﻴﺬ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻗﺎِﺋ ‪‬ﻢ(‪ٌ ،‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ( ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺰﻳـﺪﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎ َﻷﻟﻒِ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺜﲎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂﺋِ ﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ ﻣﺮﻓـﻮﻉ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻒِ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺜﲎ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺰ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﻭﻥﹶ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﻮﻥﹶ( ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺰﻳـﺪﻭﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﲨـﻊ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﺬ ﱠﻛﺮٍ ﺳﺎﱂﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺂﺋﻤﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﻭ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﲨﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺬ ﱠﻛﺮٍ ﺳﺎﱂﹲ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺎﳋ ‪‬ﱪ ﰲ ﻫـﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠ ِﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‪‬؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﲨﻠ ﹰﺔ ﻭﻻ ِﺷ‪‬ﺒﻬ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٣٨‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻏﻴ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺔﹸ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺠ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻈﱠﺮ‪‬ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ﻞﹸ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ِﻋﻨ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻙ‪،‬‬
‫ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ِﻠ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹸ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺟﺎ ِﺭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘﻪ‪ ‬ﺫﹶﺍ ِﻫ‪‬ﺒ ﹲﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻑ ﻭﺍﳉﺂﺭ‪ ‬ﻭﺍ‪‬ـﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠـ ﹸﺔ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻏﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ(؛ ﻷ ﱠﻥ ﺷﺒ‪ ‬ﻪ ﺍﳉﹸ ‪‬ﻤﻠﹶـ ِﺔ ﺷـﻴﺌﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻈﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺷ‪‬ـﻴﺌﹶﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﺍﳉﻤﻠ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻻﲰﻴ ﹸﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴ ﹸﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻴﺎ ِﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺠ‪ ‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻑ( ﹶﻓ ﹸﻜﻞﱞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﳉﻤﻠ ِﺔ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ِﻠ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ ِﻩ( ﻓﻜـﻞﱞ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻈﱠﺮ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺭ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﳎﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺭ( ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﺬﹶﺍ ﻣﺜﺎﻝﹲ ﻟﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﹶﻠ ﹰﺔ‪) ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢﻖ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻤﺤ‪‬ـﺬﹸﻭﻑٍ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟ ﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺭ‪ :‬ﺟﺂﺭ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻇﹶ ‪‬ﺮﹰﻓﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺍﹲ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﻛﺂِﺋﻦ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻭ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻘﺮ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ِﻋﻨ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻙ( ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺜﺎﻝﹲ ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥٍ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻓﻴ ِﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ‪ ‬ﲟﺤﺬﻭﻑٍ ‪‬ﺧﺒ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨـﺪ‪ :‬ﻇﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‪ :‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻴ ِﻪ ﻣـﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ﻛﺂِﺋﻦ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ِﻭ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻘﺮ‪ ‬ﻋﻨﺪﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻧ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﳉﹶـﺂﺭ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺠ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﳋﱪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻖ‪ ‬ﺍﶈﺬﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢِ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮ‪ -‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴ ِﻞ ﺍ ِﻹﺧﺒـﺎ ِﺭ‬ ‫ﻑ ﻓﻌ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺷﺒﻴﻬﲔ ﺑﺎﳉﻤﻠ ِﺔ؛ ﻷ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ﺍﶈﺬﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﳉﻤﻠ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﲰ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔﺮﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻛﺂﺋﻦ‪ -‬ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻴ ِﻞ ﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِﺭ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻜﹶﺄﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﺃﺧ‪‬ـ ﹶﺬﺍ‬
‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﲔ ﺑﺎﳌﻔﺮﺩِ ‪ -‬ﹶﻓﺤ‪‬ـﺬِ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲔ ﺑﺎﳉﻤﻠ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷﺒﻴﻬ ِ‬ ‫ﹶﻃ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹰﺎ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻃ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻤﻠ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺬﺍ ﻛﺎ‪‬ﻧﺎ ﺷﺒﻴﻬ ِ‬
‫ﻚ ﰲ ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﻛﺘﻔﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ‪ ^   & :‬ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﻗﹶـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﻮ ‪‬ﻩ( ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺜﺎﻝﹲ ﻟﻠﺨﱪِ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﲨﻠ ﹰﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴ ﹰﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺯﻳـﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﱠـﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ـ ﻮ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍ ِﻭ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺂﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴـ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺑـﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﻀـﺎﻑ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳍﺂﺀ‪ :‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻴ ِﻪ ﻣﺒﲏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﰲ ﳏﻞﱢ ﺟ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳉﻤﻠ ﹸﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌ ِﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋ ِﻞ ﰲ ﳏـﻞﱢ ﺭﻓـ ٍﻊ‬
‫ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺟﺎ ِﺭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ﺫﹶﺍ ِﻫ‪‬ﺒ ﹲﺔ( ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺜﺎﻝﹲ ﻟﻠﺨ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﲨﻠ ﹰﺔ ﺍﲰﻴ ﹰﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑـﻪ‪ :‬ﺯﻳـﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ‬
‫ﻭﺟﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳍﺂﺀُ‪:‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﺎﺭﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃﹲ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻟﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﺍﻫﺒـﺔﹲ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﷲ ﺃﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﹸﺃ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻭﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻩ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺍِﺑﻂﹸ ﺑﻴﻨﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﳍﺂﺀُ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﺭﻳﺘﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٣٩‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍﺗ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍﺗ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻇ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍﺗ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ﻛﹶـﺎ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ـﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍﺗ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ﹶﻓِﺈ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺤﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺿ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬

‫‪                  ‬‬‫‪  ‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﻌﻮﺍﻣ ِﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍ ِﺧﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ﻭﺍﳋﹶ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻐﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻨﺴﺦ‪ ‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﹾﻜ ‪‬ﻤﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎِﺑﻖ‪‬؛‬
‫‪‬ﻭِﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺬﺍ ‪‬ﺗﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﺍﺳﺦِ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ ) ،‬ﻭِﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ـﺎ(‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻇﹶ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻨﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻇﻦ‪ ‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪    ‬‬ ‫‪    ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺑﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ﺩﺧﻮِﻟﻬـﺎ ﺍﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫) ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻓِﺈﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ( ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﹰﺃ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ﺩﺧﻮِﻟﻬﺎ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﻫِـ ‪‬ﻲ( ﺃﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ( ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺧﱪ‪‬ﺍ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺘﺪِﺇ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ) ،‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ( ﳓﻮ‪ .^& :‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﻟـ ِﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ِﻌ ِﻪ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ ‬ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻔـ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﻏﻔﻮﺭ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﻧﺼِﺒ ِﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎ ِﻫﺮ ﹸﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺭ ِﺣﻴ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺧ ٍﱪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪‬‬
‫ِﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺳ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻴﺖ‪ ‬ﻫﺬ ِﻩ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎ ﹸﻝ ﻧﺎﻗﺼ ﹰﺔ؛ َﻷﻧ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻜﺘﻔﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﻓﻮﻉِ‪ ،‬ﺑ ﹾﻞ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳِﺘﻢ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ِﺇﻻﱠ‬
‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺴﻰ ‪‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻏﹶِﻨﻴ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺴ‪‬ـﻰ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺴﻰ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺼﻮ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻏِﻨﻴ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺢ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﱪﺩ‪ ‬ﺷﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﺻـﺒ‪‬ﺢ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟـﱪﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷـﺪﻳ ﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻈـﺎﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﱪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ِﺭﻋﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺃﺿـﺤﻰ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺤﻰ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﺿ‪ ‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﺿ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺭﻋ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٤٠‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ‪‬ﻡ‪،‬‬

‫ﺻﺎ ‪‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺯﺍ ﹶﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎﺍﻧ‪ ‬ﹶﻔﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎﹶﻓِﺘ ﹶﺊ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎِﺑ ِﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻇ ﱠﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳ‪‬ﺼ‪ِ‬ﺒﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺻ‪ِ‬ﺒﺢ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ِﻣﻨ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸﻮ‪‬ﻥﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﹸﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬

‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﻇ ﱠﻞ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻇﹶ ﱠﻞ ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻇﻞﱠ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ(‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻳـﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺻ‪‬ـﺂﺋِ ﻤ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳـﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺕ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺳ‪‬ﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺑ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳓ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻﺎ ‪‬ﺭ( ﳓـﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳ‪‬ـﺎ ِﻫ ﺮ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻌ ‪‬ﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺻ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﺭ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺻﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭﺧﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ﺲ‪ (‬ﳓـﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺧﻴﺼ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳـﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻴﺲ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺯﺍ ﹶﻝ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﺯﺍ ﹶﻝ‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺯﻳـﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ‪ :‬ﻧﺎﻓﻴﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﺍ ﹶﻝ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎﺍﻧ‪ ‬ﹶﻔﻚ‪ (‬ﳓﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﺎِﻟﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ﺪ‪‬‬ ‫ﺡ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺡ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ِﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ِﺮ ‪‬‬‫ﺤِ‬ ‫ﺴﺎ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻓِﺘ ﹶﺊ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻓِﺘ ﹶﺊ ‪‬ﺑ ﹾﻜﺮ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍ‪‬ﻧ ﹶﻔﻚ‪ ‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ‬ﺟ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﺒﻚ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺻ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊِ ﻣﺜ ﹸﻞ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏِ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺯﺍ ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﺯﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ‪‬ﻡ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻻﹶ ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻛ ِﺮ ‪‬ﳝﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻋـ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﻓﹶـﻊ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﺍ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻣـﺎ ﺩﺍﻡ ‪ -‬ﻣـﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻳﺔﹲ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺘ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪ ‬ﺩﺍ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ـﺎ ﻣﻨﺼـﻮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ـ ﻚ‪ :‬ﺟﺂﺭ‪ ‬ﻭﳎﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢ ‪‬ﻖ ﺑـ "ﻣﺘﺮﺩﺩﺍ" ﻭﺳ‪‬ـﻤ‪‬ﻴ ﺖ‪ " ‬ﻣﺎ" ﻫـ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﹶﻇ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻓﻴ‪‬ـ ﹰﺔ؛‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ٍﺭ؛ ِﺇ ِﺫ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﺓ ﺩﻭﺍ ِﻡ ﺯﻳـﺪٍ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺭﻳ‪ ‬ﹰﺔ؛ ﻷﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬‫ﻟﻨﻴﺎ‪‬ﺑِﺘ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻇﹶ ‪‬ﺮﻑٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻫ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﺍ َﻷ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻝ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻣﺎﺿِـﻴﻬ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﻑ ِﻣﻨ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗﺼ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﺩ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪) ، ‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛﻦ‪ ،(‬ﹶﻓﺎ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬‫ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻮِﻧ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺻ‪‬ـِﺒﺢ‪(‬‬ ‫ﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﺼ‪ِ‬ﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬‫ﺚ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﱡﻠﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟـ ﹸ‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜ ﹸﻞ ﺍ َﻷ ﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬

‫)‪(٤١‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻝﹸ‪ :‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ﺲ‪ ‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻭ ﺷ‪‬ﺎ ِﺧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﺗﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﳋﹶﺒ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫِـ ‪‬ﻲ‪ِ :‬ﺇﻥﱠ‪،‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ِﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍﺗ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ﹶﻓِﺈ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻥﱠ‪ ،‬ﻭِﻟ ِﻜ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛﹶﺄﻥﱠ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﱠﻞ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻝﹸ‪ِ :‬ﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻢ‪،‬‬

‫)‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ( ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻞ ﺍ ﹶﳌﺎﺿِﻲ‪ ) :‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ( ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉِ‪ :‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ‬
‫ﺕ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎﻗﺼ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻳﺮ ﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِ‬‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹰﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻳﻜﹸـﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻧﺎ ِﻗﺺ‪ِ ،‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﹶ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼـﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺤ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺕ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ‪‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِ‬‫ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻞ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣ ِﺮ‪ :‬ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻓﻌ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺮٍ ‪‬ﻧﺎِﻗﺺ‪ِ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘِﺘﺮ‪ ‬ﻭﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﱪ‪‬ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻤ ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎﻗﺼ ِﺔ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺮ‪‬ﻑ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ﺲ‪ ‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻭ ﺷ‪‬ﺎ ِﺧﺼ‪‬ـﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎ ِﻗﻲ‪ِ ‬ﻣﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻗ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﳋﹶ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ﻤ‪‬ـ ﺮﻭ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﻭﻳﻨﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻴﺲ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ"ﻟﻴﺲ" ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤ ﹸﻞ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺼﻴﻐ ِﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﳍﺎ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ِﺧﺼ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟﻜِـ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﻲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬‫ﺐ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﻀ‪‬ﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪﺭ‪‬؛ ‪‬ﻭِﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ﹶﺬﺍ ﹶﺫ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﻭﻻﹶ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪ ‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ﹰﺔ‪،‬‬‫ﺴﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨﺪ‪ ‬ﺟ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺚ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ِﻛ‪‬ﻨ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ؛ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﺗﺂ َﺀ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﹾﺄِﻧﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﺭ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺬﹾ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸِﺒ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻬ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ؛ ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ِﻣﹾﺜﹸﻠﻬ‪‬ـﺎ ﻓِـﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻤ‪‬ـ ِﻞ‬ ‫ﻚ( ‪ -‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﺟ ﹶﺔ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ﺍ ِﻹﻃﹶﺎﹶﻟ ِﺔ ِﺑ ﹶﻜﹾﺜ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﹶﻓ ِﻘ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ِ‬
‫‪    ‬‬ ‫‪   ‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ( ﺍﻟﱠـﺬِﻱ ﻛﹶـﺎ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ(‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﹰﺃ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺮ‪‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ِﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻓِﺈﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪِﺇ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ِ :‬ﺇﻥﱠ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻥﱠ‪ ،‬ﻭِﻟ ِﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛﹶﺄﻥﱠ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻞﱠ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ِ :‬ﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻢ( ﻭﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﱠـﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ٍﺪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺇ ﱠﻥ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻞ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ‪‬ﺘﻮﺣ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ :‬ﺑﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻐِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻄِﻠﻖ‪،‬‬

‫)‪(٤٢‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪‬ﻭﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ِﺧﺺ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻥﱠ‪ِ :‬ﻟﻠ‪‬ﺘﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻛﻴ ِﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ِﻜ ‪‬ﻦ‪ِ :‬ﻟﻼﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭﺍ ِﻙ‪،‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛﹶﺄﻥﱠ‪ِ :‬ﻟﻠ‪‬ﺘﺸ‪ِ‬ﺒﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻟﻠ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﱠﻞ‪ :‬ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺟﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﻳ ِﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﻓِـﻲ ‪‬ﻣﺤ‪‬ـ ﱢﻞ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺑﹶﻠ ﹶﻎ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺤ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ٍﺪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ‪:‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺪ ِﺭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ﹾﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﻄﹶﻠِـﻖ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧﹶﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄ ِﻭﻳ ِﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﻕ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻞ ﹶﻟﻜﻦ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻟﻜﻦ‪ ‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺟﺎِﻟﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺑﹶﻠ ﹶﻎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻘﹾـ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﺑﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻐِﻨﻲ ﺍ‪‬ﻧ ِﻄ ﹶ‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ـﺮ‪‬ﺍ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ٍﻙ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﹶـ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻜِـﻦ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ـﺎِﻟﺲ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ ﻓِـﻲ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ـ ِﻞ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﺸِﺒﻴ ٍﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻛﹶﺄ ﱠﻥ‪ :‬ﹶﻛﹶﺄ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﺃﺳ‪‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻛﹶـﹶﺄ ﱠﻥ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ( ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ـ ِﻞ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﺖ‪) :‬ﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ِﺧﺺ‪ ،(‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ـﺖ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪ ُ‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤﻦ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷ‪‬ـﺎ ِﺧﺺ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﹾﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﺝ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ٍ‬‫ﺐ ﹶﻗﺎ ِﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﹶﻟﻌ‪‬ـ ﱠﻞ‪ :‬ﺣﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤِﺒﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ِﻞ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﱠﻞ‪ :‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﱠﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﹶـﺎ ِﺩﻡ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ـﲎ ِﺇﻥﱠ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﺍﲰ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤِﺒﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪‬؛ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺗ ِﻔﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺬِﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ﰲ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋِﻨﻲ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ‪‬ﻣﹾﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻱ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻥﱠ‪ِ :‬ﻟﻠﺘ‪‬ﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻛﻴ ِﺪ(‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺮ ﹾﻓﻊِ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳﺘ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮﻫ‪ ‬ﻢ ﹸﺛ‪‬ﺒﻮﺗ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻔﻴـﻪ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﺣ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍ‪‬ﹶﺎ ِﺯ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﻟ ِﻜﻦ‪ِ ‬ﻟﻼﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭﺍ ِﻙ( ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﻮ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻘﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫)ﻭﻛﺄﻥ ﻟﻠﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ( ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻷﻣﺮ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪) .‬ﻭﻟﻴﺖ ﻟﻠﺘﻤﲏ( ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﻃﻠـﺐ ﻣـﺎ ﻻ‬
‫ﻃﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﺴﺮ‪).‬ﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺟﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ( ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺘﺮﺟﻲ‪ :‬ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﶈﺒـﻮﺏ ﳓـﻮ‪ :‬ﻟﻌـﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺒﻴﺐ ﻗﺎﺩﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻊ‪ :‬ﺍﻹﺷﻔﺎﻕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﺍﳋﻮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻜﺮﻭﻩ ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻟﻌﻞ ﺯﻳﺪﺍ ﻫﺎﻟﻚ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﲰﻴﺖ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ؛ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻮﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥﹸ ﻟﻘﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﺑ‪‬ﻠﹶﻐﲏ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶﺠِﻴﺊﹶ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﻥ؛ ﻟﺘ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﻤِﻞﹶَ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺴ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺓﹶ ﺍﳌﻨ‪‬ﺎ ِﺳﺒ‪‬ﺔﹶ ﻟِﻠﹾﻴ‪‬ﺎﺀِ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﺎﱂﹲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺘﻮﻫﻢ ﺛﺒﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺡ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻟﻜﻨ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﺳﻖ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺯﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ﻓﺎﺳﻖ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶﻴ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻧ‪‬ﺘِﻔﹶﺎﺀُ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﻋ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻟﹶﻜِﻨ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﹶﻣِﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٤٣‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‬‫ﺼﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪِﺃ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬

‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﻇﹶ‪‬ﻨﻨ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍﺗ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ﹶﻓِﺈ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺴﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺧﻠﹾﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ـﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻔﹾﻌ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻻﻥِ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﻇﹶ‪‬ﻨﻨ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ِ‬
‫ﺨﺬﹾﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹾﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ِﻤﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻝﹸ‪ :‬ﻇﹶ‪‬ﻨﻨ‪‬ـﺖ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻠﻤ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬‫ﺤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ﹶﻝ ﻵِﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬ﹶﻄ ِﻠ ﹰﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺧﻠﹾﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻬِ ﹶ‬

‫‪    ‬‬

‫‪  ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻣﻔﹾﻌ‪‬ـﻮ ﹶﻻﻥِ ﹶﻟﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫِـﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪِﺃ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻇﹶ‪‬ﻨﻨ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻓِﺈﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻇﹶ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻨﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻇﹶ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻨ ﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻇﹶ‪‬ﻨﻨ‪‬ﺖ‪ (‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺴِـﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺧﻠﹾـﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﹾﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﺛﹶﺎﻥٍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺬﹾﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹾﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ِﻤﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﹸـﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻇﹶ‪‬ﻨﻨ‪‬ـﺖ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻠﻤ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﺪ‪‬ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺗ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻚ(‪ ،‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ ﻣِـ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺑ ِﻘﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬‫ﺤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ﹶﻝ ﻵِﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪ ‬ﹶﻄ ِﻠ ﹰﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺧﻠﹾﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻬِ ﹶ‬
‫ﺐ ﹶﻗﺎ ِﺩﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤِﺒﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻ ِﺪﻳ ﹰﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺴِـ‪‬ﺒﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﺑ ﹾﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺎﺱ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻫ ﹶﺬ‪‬ﻳ ِﻦ ﺍ ِﳌﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ‪‬ﺑﻜﹾـ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻟ ِﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِﻓﻌ‪‬ـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺗ‪‬ﺨ‪‬ـﺬﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ‪‬ﺒﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠﻮﺩ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋِﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼ‪ ‬ﺪﻕ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺻ ِﺪﻳ ﹰﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻌﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻄﱢ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ِﺇ‪‬ﺑ ِﺮﻳ ﹰﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑﻪ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭﺁِﻟ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓـ "ﺳ‪‬ـ ِﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ﺖ‪ِ :"‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﱠﻠﻰ ﺍ ُ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ِﻣﺜﹶـﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺳ‪‬ـ ِﻤ ‪‬ﻊ‪ :‬ﺳ ِﻤ ‪‬ﻌﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ‬ﺒﻲ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘِﺘﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﺯﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﺠ‪ ‬ﻤﻠﹶـ ﹸﺔ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺒِﻲ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘ ﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻠﹸـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﻮ ‪‬ﻫ ﹶﺬﺍ ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﹶﺜﺎ ِﻝ‪ -‬ﺗ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﺪ‪‬ﻯ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝٍ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﺛﹶﺎﻥٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟـ ﺮ‪‬ﺍ ِﺟﺢ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﹶﻠﺔ ُﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﺣﺎﻝﹲ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٤٤‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﲑ ِﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺗﺎِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻮﺕِ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺭﻓﹾ ِﻌ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪ِ‬ﺒ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﻔﹾﻀِ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮﻳ ِﻔ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻝﹸ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻗﻞﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻗ ﹶﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪‬ﺕ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎﻗِـ ِﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﺔﹸ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪ ‬ﻤﺮ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ﹶﻓﺔﹸ( ‪‬ﺧﻤ‪ ‬‬

‫‪(‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬ ‫) ‪ ‬‬

‫ﲑ ِﻩ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﻌﺖ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺒﻊ‪‬‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺗﺎِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬ﻌﻮﺕِ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺭﻓﹾ ِﻌ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪ِ‬ﺒ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﻔﹾﻀِ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮﻳ ِﻔ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ِ‬
‫ﺨ ﹸﻔﻮﺿ‪‬ﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﻔﻀِ ِﻪ ِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼِﺒ ِﻪ ِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻌﻮ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻪ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ِﻌ ِﻪ ِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﳊ ِﻘﻴ ِﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺍِﻓﻊ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﻌﺖِ ﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﻳ ِﻔ ِﻪ ِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﹶﻓ ﹰﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ِﲑ ِﻩ ِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹸـﻮﻉ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‪) .‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻗ ﹸﻞ( ‪‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻀ ِﻤ ِﲑ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓﻌِـ ِﻪ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ـﻤ‪ ‬ﹸﺔ‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎﻗِـ ﹸﻞ‪ :‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻌﺖ‪ ‬ﻟـ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،ٍ‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻌﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉِ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﻒ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻗ ﹶﻞ( ‪‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ‬ ‫ﺕ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﹾﻓﻊِ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻌ ِﺮﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺗﺎِﺑﻊ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎﻗِـ ﹶﻞ‪ :‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻌﺖ‪ ‬ﻟـ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼِﺒ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﻳ ِﻔ ِﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪‬ﺕ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻗ ِﻞ( ‪‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ﺕ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗِﺒ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﹾﻟ ﹶﻜ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎﻗِـ ِﻞ‪ :‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻌﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺟ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂﺀُ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ؛ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗِﺒ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﻔﻀِ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﻳ ِﻔ ِﻪ‪ .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻘﹸـ ﻮ ﹸﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ِﲑ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻋﺎِﻗﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ـ ﹰ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ِﲑ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺮﺟ‪ٍ ‬ﻞ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ِﻗﻞٍ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻛﺎﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗِﺒ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻌﻮ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻪ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﺎ ِﻗ ﹰ‬
‫ﺴﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﹶﻓ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻜِـ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‬ ‫ﺼﻨ‪‬ﻒ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﻌﺖ‪ ‬ﺗﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﹰﺓ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮ ﹶﻓ ﹰﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﹰﺓ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ‪ -‬ﹶﺫ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ﹸﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻨ‪‬ﻒ‪ :‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ(‪ :‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﹶﻓ ﹸﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﱠﻝ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪‬ﻦٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﱠﻟ ِﺬﻱ ﹶﺫ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺎﻝ‪ ) :‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ﹶﻓ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﺧﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﻏﹶﺂِﺋﺐٍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ٍ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‪) :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ( ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﱠﻝ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ٍﻢ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ـﺖِ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﺖ‪ِ (‬ﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻦ‪ِ :‬ﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﺃ ِﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻈﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺎ( ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫)‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺙ‬ ‫ﺠﻤ‪‬ـﻊِ ﺍ ِﻹﻧ‪‬ـﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﹾﺃﻧ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺘﻦ‪ِ :‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﻟﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺨ‪‬ـﺎ ﹶﻃِﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ :‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ِ :‬ﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‪.‬‬‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﻦ‪ِ :‬ﻟﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ِ :‬ﻟﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ِ :‬ﻟﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ :‬ﻟﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺂِﺋِﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ِ :‬ﻟﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺂِﺋ ِ‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٤٥‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ﱠﻜ ﹶﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻫ‪‬ـ ﹶﺬﺍ ‪‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ـ ِﺬ ِﻩ‬
‫ﻼﻡ‪ .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺟ‪‬ﻞﹸ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻐ‪ ‬ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﺆ‪‬ﻵ ِﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺍ َﻷِﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﻒ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﺣﺪٍ ِﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻫ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﺍ َﻷﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ( ﻛﹸﻞﱡ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢٍ ﺷ‪‬ﺂﺋِﻊٍ ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻴ ‪‬‬‫ﺃﹸ ِ‬
‫ﺢ ﺩ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ـﻮﻝﹸ‬ ‫ﺻ ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺺ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ﺩ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻥﹶ ﺁ ‪‬ﺧ ٍﺮ؛ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻘﹾ ِﺮﻳﺒ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻛﹸﻞﱡ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﻪ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺨ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺟﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﻼﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺟ‪‬ﻞﹸ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻐ‪ ‬ﹶ‬
‫ﻒ ﻭﺍﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬

‫) ‪‬ﻭ( ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗﺴ‪‬ـﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﻓﹶـ ِﺔ‪) :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻜﱠ ﹶﺔ(‪ ،‬ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻋﹶﻠﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﻘِـ ﹾﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮ ﹶﻓ ِﺔ‪) :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺒ‪‬ﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻫ‪‬ـ ﹶﺬﺍ ‪‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ـ ِﺬ ِﻩ‬ ‫ﺚ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‪ِ :‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻦ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻘ ﹾﻞ‪ ).‬ﻭ( ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻟ ﹸ‬
‫ﺻﻮﹶﻟ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﱠـﺬِﻱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ﺟ‪ِ ‬ﻤﻴ ‪‬ﻊ ﹶﺃﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺆﻵ ِﺀ(‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫﺬﹶﺍ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﳊﺴ‪‬ـﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓِـﻲ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ‬ ‫ﲔ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺃﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺓ‪ِ ،‬ﺑﺎ ِﻹ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺓ ﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺼ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻌِﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﹶﻓ ِﺔ‪) :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﱠـﺬِﻱ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﻮ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ) .‬ﻭ( ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺍِﺑﻊ‪ِ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻﻮﹶﻟ ِﺔ‪ِ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﺼ‪‬ﹶﻠ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ ِﺇﻟﹶـﻰ‬ ‫ﺿﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳋﺎ ِﻣﺲ‪ِ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗﺴ‪‬ـﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﻓﹶـ ِﺔ‪ ) :‬ﻣﺎ ﹸﺃ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻭ( ﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻼﱠ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﺟ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻐ‪ ‬ﹶ‬ ‫ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﻡ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﻗﹶـﺎﻡ ﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﹸﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﻫﺬﹶﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﺣﺪٍ ِﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻫ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﺍ َﻷﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬
‫ﺴ ِﻪ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺨ‪‬ﺘﺺ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﻥﹶ ﺁ ‪‬ﺧ ٍﺮ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﻨِـﻲ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺟ‪ِ ‬ﻞ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ‪ :‬ﹸﻛﻞﱡ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢٍ ﺷ‪‬ﺂﺋِﻊٍ ِﻓﻲ ِﺟﻨ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﻏﹸ ﹶ‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﺘﺺ‪ ‬ﺑِـ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭﺍﺣِـﺪ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬‫ﻼ ٍﻡ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺟ‪ٍ ‬ﻞ ‪‬ﻭﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﺓ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬ﻮﺿ‪‬ﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ٍﺩ ﹶﻏ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪‬ﻦٍ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ(‪،‬‬‫ﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﱠ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ـ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻐ‪‬ـ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺢ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬ ‫ﺻ ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺩ‪ ‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ ﺁ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻘﹾ ِﺮﻳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹸﻛﻞﱡ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻕ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴﻬِ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ -‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺗﺎ ِﻥ؛ َﻷ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ ‬ﹰ‬ ‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻞ ﺩ‪ ‬ﺧﻮ ِﻝ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺟ‪ ‬ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻐ‪ ‬ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ‬‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟـ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺗﻌﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﺎ؛ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ‪‬ﺒﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬ ‫ﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹶﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺩ‪ ‬ﺧﹶﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴﻬِ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺍ َﻷِﻟﻒ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹸﻛﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ٍ ‬ﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ِﺬِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻼﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ِﲑ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٤٦‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺂﺀُ‪ ،‬ﻭﺛﹸ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺣ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻄﹾ ِ‬
‫ﺿ ِﻊ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻄﻔﹾﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ‬
‫ﺾ ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﻞﹾ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ِﻜﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺘﻰ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺽ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﻔﻀ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﺨ‪‬ﻔﹸﻮ ٍ‬
‫ﻉ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻓﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺏٍ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺮ‪‬ﻓﹸﻮ ٍ‬

‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬

‫ﻑ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻄﻒِ ﺍﻵِﺗﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺎِﺑﻊ‪ ‬ﺍ ﹸﳌ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻮﺳ‪‬ﻂﹸ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺒﻮ ِﻋ ِﻪ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻭ ِ‬
‫ﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺩ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ِﻪ‪ :‬ﻋ ﹾﻄﻒ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺽ‪،‬‬‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺟ‪‬ـﺂ َﺀ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻌ‪‬ـﻞﹲ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻒ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻄﹾ ِ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻄﻮﻑ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻋ ﹾﻄ ٍ‬‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ـﺮ ﻭ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ِﻓﻲ ِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮﺁﺀٌ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓﻌ‪‬ـﺎ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺒﻊ‪ ‬ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻄﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ؛ ﹶﻓﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻄﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ ).‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺂ ُﺀ(‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻤ‪‬ـﺮ ﻭ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻄﻮﻑ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻡ‪ (‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭﹸﺛﻢ‪ (‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺛﹸﻢ‪ ‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻭ‪ (‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ ،^ & :‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﻓِـ ‪‬ﺪﺁ ًﺀ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻄﻮﻑ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ـﺎﻃِﻒ‪:‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻣ‪‬ﺎ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨِﻴ ِﲑ‪ .‬ﻭﺍ ﹸﳌﺼ‪‬ـﻨ‪‬ﻒ‪ ‬ﺟ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺴﻴ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺧﹶﻠ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ "ِﺇﻣ‪‬ﺎ"‪ ،‬ﻭ"ِﺇﻣ‪‬ﺎ" ﹸﺃِﺗﻲ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺪ‪‬ﻻﹶﹶﻟ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﹾﻘ ِ‬
‫ﺿ ِﻌﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺍﺟِﺢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎﻃِﻒ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﻞﹾ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺟ‪‬ـﺂﺀَ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ "ِﺇﻣ‪‬ﺎ" ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎﻃِ ﹶﻔ ﹸﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﻟ ِﻜﻦ‪ (‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻟﻜِـ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ـﺮﻭ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ﹾﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﻣﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِﻊ( ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺾ ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹾﺃﺱ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻄﻮﻑ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﻤ ﹶﻜ ِﹶﺔ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻋ ﹾﻄ ٍ‬
‫ﺤﺘ‪‬ـﻰ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ﹶﻛ ﹾﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﻤ ﹶﻜ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﺣﺘ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﺭﹾﺃﺳ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ؛ ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﻬ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺏ‪ ‬ﺑ ِﻘﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣﹶﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﹶﻇﺎ ِﻫﺮ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻄﻔﹾﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ‬
‫ِﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺽ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﻔﻀ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻋـ ﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﺨ‪ ‬ﹸﻔﻮ ٍ‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏٍ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻓﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ (‬ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ‪) ،‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻋـ ﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺮ‪ ‬ﹸﻓﻮ ٍ‬

‫)‪(٤٧‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻭ ٍﻡ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﺰﻣ‪‬ﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻝﹸ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ‪،‬‬
‫) ‪(١‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪‬ﺕ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺮﻭٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﹸﻢ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻘﹾﻌ‪‬ﺪ‪. ‬‬

‫ﹶﺃﻭ‪ ‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻭ ٍﻡ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﺰﻣ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪‬ﺕ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺮﻭٍ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺏ‪ ‬ﹶﻇﺎ ِﻫﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻣﹶﺜﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻄﻒِ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻝ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻳ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻘ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻘﻌ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺰﻭﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻟﺚﹸ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻘ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ(‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﺎ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﰲ ﺍﻵ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪‬ﻭﻣﻴ‪‬ﺔِ‪ :‬ﻟﹶﻢ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﻘﹸﻢ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﻟﹶﻢ‪ ‬ﻳ‪ْ‬ﻘﹾﻌ‪‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑِﺘِﻜﹾﺮ‪‬ﺍﺭِ ﻟﹶﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷَﺻ‪‬ﺢ‪ ‬ﺣ‪‬ﺬﹾﻑ‪ ‬ﻟﹶﻢ‪‬؛ ﻟِﻴ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺰِﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺑِﻌ‪‬ﻄﹾﻔِﻪِ ﻋ‪‬ﻠﹶﻰ ﻣ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻭﻡٍ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﷲ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٤٨‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻛﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﺗﺎِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻟﻠﹾﻤ‪ ‬ﺆ ﱠﻛ ِﺪ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺭﻓﹾ ِﻌ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪ِ‬ﺒ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﻔﹾﻀِ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮﻳ ِﻔ ِﻪ‪ .‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ‬
‫ﻅ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹸﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺔٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﻔﹾﺲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﹸﻞﱡ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺑﻊ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫ِﺑﹶﺄﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺼﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪:‬ﹶﺃﻛﹾ‪‬ﺘﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ﺘﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺑ‪ ‬‬

‫‪     ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬

‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ ‪‬ﺗﻘﹾـ ِﺪﻳ ِﺮ‬ ‫ﺤ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺎِﺑﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺍ ِﻓﻊ‪ِ ‬ﻟﻼﺣ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻝ؛ ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﹾﻘ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ِﻛ‪‬ﺘﺎﺏ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ؛ ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ـﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ ‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﺴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ -‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺗﻔﹶـ ‪‬ﻊ‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﻀ‪‬ﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ؛ ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﻗﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ـﺂﺀَ ﺍﹾﻟﻘﹶـ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹸﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﻗﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ -‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﺴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﹸﻛﱡﻠﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ‪ -‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻻﺣ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹸﻝ‪) .‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗﺎِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺆﻛﱠ ِﺪ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺭﻓﹾ ِﻌ ِﻪ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﺴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉِ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪ِ‬ﺒ ِﻪ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‬‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﻔﹾﻀِ ِﻪ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏِ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍ ﹶﳌ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮﻳ ِﻔ ِﻪ(‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬‫ﺴ ِﻪ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍ ﹶﳌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠﺮ‪ُ‬ﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺒﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻅ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ِﺪ ﹸﻛﱠﻠﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘ ﹾﻞ‪ :‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ِﲑ ِﻩ؛ َﻷ ﱠﻥ ﹶﺃﹾﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ﹶ‬
‫ﺸﻬ‪ٍ ‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻮﺟِﺒ‪‬ـﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠﻮﺍ ﹸﻛﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﺷﻬ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ ﹶﻛﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻓﻴ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟﺎ ‪‬ﺯ ﺫﹶِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬‬ ‫ﻅ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪ ‬ﹸﻠﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺔٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻔﹾﺲ‪ِ (‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﱠﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻄﺎ‪‬ﺑ ﹶﻘِﺘ ِﻪ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ِﲑ‪ ).‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ِﺑﹶﺄﻟﹾ ﹶﻔﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﹸﻛﱡﻠﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ؛ ﻓــ‬ ‫ﺕ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻋ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ﹸﻛﻞﱡ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪ ‬ﻦ( ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺬﱠﺍ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﳉﹶ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﺟ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻊ(‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛ ﻞﱡ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ِ ‬ﻟﹾﻠ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ﹶﳍﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌِـ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻊ‪‬؛ ﻓﹶـﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ﹾﻠ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ﹶﺃﺟ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﻊ( ‪‬ﻳﺆ‪‬ﺗﻰ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ِﺪ ‪‬ﺗﺎِﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ﹰﺔ َﻷﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﳓ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹶﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﻛﹾ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺑ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٤٩‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﲔ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗﻘﹸﻮﻝﹸً‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻧﻔﹾﺴ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘﻮ‪ ‬ﻡ ﻛﹸ ﱠﻠﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪‬ﺕ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻘﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻡ ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ِﻌ ‪‬‬

‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ـ ﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﺗ ﹾﺄ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ﹾﻠ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ؛ َﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺬﹶ ﱠﻛﺮٍ ﺳ‪‬ﺎِﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ـﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻮﺽ‪ ‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ‬
‫ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ ‬ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ‪‬ﺘﻌ‪‬ـﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﺗ ﹾﺄ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﺛﹶﺎﻥٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺘﻌ‪‬ـﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﺛﹶﺎِﻟﺚﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺑﺼ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻌ ﻮ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﺭﺍﺑِـﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒِﻠ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹸﺃِﺗ ‪‬ﻲ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ؛ ِﻟ ِﺰ‪‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ِﺓ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ِﺪ ‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺒﺎﹶﻟﻐ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛﻠﱡﻬ‪‬ـﺎ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ـﻮ ﹶﻥ؛ َﻷ ﱠﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﻛِﺈ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺠ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﺍﺟ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﺘ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ِﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻃﹸﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻖِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛﺘ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﺧﻮﺫﹲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ِﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﺗ ﹶﻜﺘ‪‬ﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ِ‬
‫ﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﺼ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻊ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ـ ﹾﺄ ‪‬ﺧﻮﺫﹲ ﻣِـ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠﻮ ‪‬ﻩ ِﻛ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪‬ﻳ ﹰﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻻﺟ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﲔ‪ :‬ﻃﹶﺎﹶﻟﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﹸﻗﻬ‪‬ﻢ؛ ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﺘ ِﻤ ِﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻛﺎ‪‬ﻧﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﹶﺛ ﹸﺔ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻳﺆ‪‬ﺗﻰ‬‫ﺠ‪‬ﺘ ِﻤﻊ‪‬؛ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ‪ :‬ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ‪‬ﻧﺖ‪ ‬ﻫ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﺍ َﻷﹾﻟ ﹶﻔﺎﻅﹸ ﺍﻟﱠﺜ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺼﻊِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮﻕ‪ ‬ﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﹶﻏﺎِﻟ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ‪ -‬ﺳ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻴﺖ‪ ‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺑﻊ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ( ﻓـ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﺲ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﻬ‪‬ﺂﺀُ ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ـﺖ‪‬‬ ‫)‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸًﻝ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻧﻔﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘﻮ‪ ‬ﻡ ﹸﻛﻠﱠﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ (‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﻟـ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛ ﱠﻞ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ِ ‬ﻟﹾﻠ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﻬ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ـ ِﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﲔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﲔ( ﻓـ ﺍﻟﻘﹶـ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒ‪‬ـﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻌِـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪‬ﺕ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻘﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻡ ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ِﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﻤِـﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ِﺀ؛ َﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺬﹶ ﱠﻛﺮٍ ﺳ‪‬ﺎِﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ـﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻮﺽ‪ ‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻨ ِﻮﻳ ِﻦ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ـ ِﻢ‬ ‫‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄ ِﻛﻴﺪ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ﹾﻠ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٥٠‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪ ‬‬
‫ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﺃﹸﺑ‪ِ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻝ ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﻣ ِﻦ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢٍ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻌ‪ ‬ﹲﻞ ِﻣﻦ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻌ‪‬ﻞٍ ‪‬ﺗِﺒ ‪‬ﻌﻪ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺟ ِﻤﻴـ ِﻊ ِﺇﻋ‪ ‬ﺮﺍﺑِـ ِﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺾ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﺸﻲ‪ِ ‬ﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑـ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹸ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﻌ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺸﻲ‪ِ ‬ﺀ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎ ٍﻡ‪ :‬ﺑـ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹸ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌـﺔﹸ ﹶﺃﻗﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﻗﹶـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﻂ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﹸﻞﱢ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑـ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹸ ﺍﻻﺷ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑـ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹸ ﺍﻟﻐ‪ ‬ﹶﻠ ِ‬
‫ﻒ ﺛﹸﻠﹸﺜﹶﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧـ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ِﻋـﻠﹾﻤ‪‬ـﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃﺧ‪‬ـﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﹶﻛﻠﹾـﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟـ ‪‬ﺮﻏِﻴ ‪‬‬

‫‪    ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬

‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻮﻙ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﺳ ﹶﻄ ٍﺔ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺒﻮ ِﻋ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫ﳊ ﹾﻜ ِﻢ ِﺑ ﹶ‬‫ﺼﻮﺩِ ِﺑﺎ ﹸ‬ ‫‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺎِﺑﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﻝ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻄﺎِﺑﻖ‪‬؛ َﻷ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﺧ‪‬ـ ﻮﻙ‪ :‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ِ ،‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﹸﻛﻞﱟ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹸﻛﻞﱟ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻮﻙ‪) ‬ﹶﺃﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻌ‪ ‬ﹲﻞ ِﻣﻦ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻌ‪‬ﻞٍ( ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ﹾﻥ‬ ‫ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻴِﻨ ِﻪ‪ِ) .‬ﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﺃﺑ‪ِ ‬ﺪ ﹶﻝ ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﻣ ِﻦ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢٍ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ‪‬ﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﻔﻀ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟ‪ ‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‪ ) .‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺪ ﷲِ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﺣ‪ ‬ﻤﻚ‪) -‬ﺗِﺒ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺟ ِﻤﻴ ِﻊ ِﺇﻋ‪ ‬ﺮﺍِﺑ ِﻪ( ‪‬ﺭ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺎ ٍﻡ‪ :‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﺸ‪‬ﻲ‪ِ ‬ﺀ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺸ‪‬ﻲ‪ِ ‬ﺀ( ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺎ ﹸﻝ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻜﻞﱢ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻜﻞﱢ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻄﺎِﺑﻖِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‬ ‫ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﻗﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﹾ ﹸﻜﻞﱢ( ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻮﻙ‪ ) ‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﻌ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ﹶﻛ ﹾﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﻏِﻴﻒ‪ ‬ﺛﹸﹸﻠﹶﺜ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻻﺷ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻝ( ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻂ( ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻧ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ِ ‬ﻋ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﻐ‪‬ﹶﻠ ِ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺰِﺋﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ ﺍ ‪‬ﺭِﺗ‪‬ﺒﺎﻁﹲ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻐ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻜﻠﱢﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻣﱠﺜ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻂ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫ﻚ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐﹶﻠ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺫﹸ ِﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ ﻏﹶﹶﻠ ﹰﻄﺎ ﺛﹸﻢ‪ ‬ﺫﹸ ِﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ؛ ِﻹ ‪‬ﺯﺍﹶﻟ ِﺔ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﻮﻙ‪(‬؛ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎ ِﻡ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ ِﺑ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ِﻪ‪) :‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﻸ ﹾﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ِﻟ َ‬ ‫ﺼﻨ‪‬ﻒ‪ ‬ﺭ ِﺣ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍ ُ‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﺧ‪‬ـ ﻮ‪ :‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹲ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﹸﻛﻞﱟ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹸﻛﻞﱟ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ؛ َﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ َﻷﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﳋﹶ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺚ‪ :‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺾٍ‬ ‫ﻒ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﻟـ ﹶﺃ ﹶﻛ ﹾﻠﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺛﹸﹸﻠ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻒ ﹸﺛ ﹸﻠﺜﹶ ‪‬ﻪ(؛ ﻓـ ﺍﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﻏِﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﹶﻛﻠﹾﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﻏِﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ِﻋﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻪ( ‪‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹸﻛﻞﱟ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﻬ‪‬ﺂﺀُ ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺐٍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻮﹶﻗﺎ‪‬ﻳ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻊ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬

‫)‪(٥١‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﻭ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺃﹶﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﹶﺮ‪‬ﺱ‪ ،‬ﺃﹶﺭ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﺕ‪ ‬ﺃﹶﻥﹾ ﺗ‪ ‬ﻘﹸﻮﻝﹶ ﺍﻟ ﻔﹶﺮ‪‬ﺱ‪ ‬ﻓﹶ ﻐِﻠِﻄﹾﺖ‪ ‬ﻓﹶﺄﹶﺑ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬ﻟﹾﺖ‪‬‬
‫ﻣِﻨ‪ ‬ﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﺍ‬

‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻧ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻋ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﺍ ‪‬ﺷِﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ٍﻝ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﻬ‪‬ﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‬
‫ﺱ( ﻓـ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﻟــ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ـﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻆ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﺫﹸ ِﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻏﹶﻠ ﹰﻄﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺩ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮﻟِـ ِﻪ ‪) :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭﺩ‪‬ﺕ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻥﹾ‬
‫ﻱ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹲ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﹾﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻂ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ‪ :‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ﻏﹶﹶﻠ ٍ‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻐ ِﻠﻄﹾﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﺑ‪ ‬ﺪﻟﹾﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِﻣﻨ‪ ‬ﻪ( ﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ِﻪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﹾﻟﺖ‪ :‬ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﱡﻠﻐ‪‬ـ ِﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹶﻝ ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻴﺎ ﹸﻥ ﺑِـ ِﻪ ﺑِـ ‪‬ﺪﻭ ِﻥ‬
‫ﺱ‪ ،‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺣ‪‬ﻖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻛﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ‪ :‬ﻋﻮ‪‬ﺿ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻌ ِﻮﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ‬‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮﺱ‪ ،‬ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬؛ ﻓﹶـ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺡ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻫ ﹶﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻛﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﻼِ‬ ‫ﺻ ِﻄ ﹶ‬‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﻝ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻻ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻆ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ﹾﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻒ ِﺑﹶﺄ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮﺱ‪ ،‬ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ؛ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻜ‪‬ﻴﻒ‪ ‬ﻳ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﹾﻟﺖ‪ ‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻣﻨ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ؟‬ ‫ﺼﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺽ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍ ‪‬ﻋِﺘ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﺣﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻ ِﻄ ﹶ‬
‫ﺏ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻩ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﱡﻠﻐ‪ِ ‬ﻮﻱ‪ ‬ﹶﻻ ﺍﻻ ‪‬‬‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺻ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٥٢‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪    ‬‬

‫‪   ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺑ‪‬ﺎﺕِ ﺧ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺴ‪ ‬ﺔﹸ ﻋ‪‬ﺸ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻫِﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾ ﻌ‪‬ﻮﻝﹸ ﺑِﻪِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻇﹶﺮ‪‬ﻑ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ﺰ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺎﻥِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻇﹶﺮ‪‬ﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻜﹶﺎﻥِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﹾﺤ‪‬ﺎﻝﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻴِﻴﺰ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺜﹾﻨ‪‬ﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪‬‬
‫ﻻﹶ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾـﻤ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒـﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻛـﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧـ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪،‬‬

‫‪     ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪   ‬‬

‫‪  ‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔﻌ‪‬ـﻮﻝﹲ ﺑِـ ِﻪ‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ ِﺑ ِﻪ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎﺕِ ‪‬ﺧﻤ‪ ‬‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﺒ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﺑِـﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ِﻝ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪﺭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻀ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺼ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﺼ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤ ﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ِﻥ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻄﹶﻠ ِﻖ‪ ).‬ﻭ ﹶﻇﺮ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ ﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺠﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎ ِﻥ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ).‬ﻭ ﹶﻇﺮ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺭﺍ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـ‬ ‫ﺤﺎ ﹸﻝ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻜ ‪‬ﻌﺒ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪& :‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ‪ ).‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ‬ﻴﻴﺰ‪ (‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ﺪ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺎ‪ :‬ﺣ‪‬ﺎﻝﹲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑـ‬ ‫‪ ، ^ ‬ﻓـ ﹶﻓﺠ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﻧﺎ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﺭ ﺽ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻴﻮﻧ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶـﺎﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ﹸﻞ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﱠﻻ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ﹸﺓ ﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ٍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪:‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓﺠ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﻧﺎ‪ ).‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﻰ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻻﹶ‪ :‬ﻧﺎ ِﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹲ ِﻟ ﹾﻠﺠِـ‪‬ﻨﺲِ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ٍ ‬ﻞ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻻﹶ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘِﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ ِﺑِﺈﻻﱠ‪ ).‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﹶﻻ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ـﺎﻑٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ـﻞٍ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻏ ﹶ‬‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻏﹸـ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬
‫ﻑ‬‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻳﺎ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺿ ﺮ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻀ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ).‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻯ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ؛ َﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻯ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑٍ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻯ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﻧ ‪‬ﺪﺁ ٍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻏﹸـ ﹶ‬
‫ﺨﺒ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺽ ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِﻗﺺ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ‪ :‬ﻓ ِﻌ ﹾﻞٌ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻑ‬‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ِﺇ ﱠﻥ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ).‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻤ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ﻢ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴ ٍﺪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٥٣‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪‬ـﺔﹸ‬

‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾﻌ‪‬ﻮﻝﹸ ِﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﺟ‪ِ ‬ﻠ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾﻌ‪‬ﻮﻝﹸ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﺎِﺑﻊ‪ِ ‬ﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮ ِ‬
‫ﺪﻝﹸ‪.‬‬‫ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻄﹾﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻛﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬

‫ﻼ ﹰﻻ‪:‬‬
‫ﻼ ﹰﻻ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ﺪ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎﻋِـﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﺟ‪‬ـ ﹶ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ ِﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﺟ‪ِ ‬ﻠ ِﻪ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ِ ‬ﺇﺟ‪ ‬ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ ﹰﻻ‪ ).‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ(‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢﻖ‪ ‬ﺑـ ِﺇﺟ‪ ‬ﹶ‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ ،‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﻤ‪‬ـﺮﻭٍ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺭ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ َﻷﺟ‪ِ‬ﻠ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺳِـ ‪‬ﺮ ﺕ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻴـ ﹶﻞ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻞ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺳِ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ـﺖ‪ ‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﻴﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺖ‪ (‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ِ‬ ‫ﺕ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺎِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﺳِ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻮ‪ِ ‬ﻛﻴ ‪‬ﺪ( ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ـﺖ‪ ‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﺴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻒ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻗ ﹶﻞ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻌﻄﹾ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ( ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﺎ ‪‬ﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺏ‪ ‬ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﹶﻇﺎ ِﻫﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬‫ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٥٤‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ِﻪ ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ﻞﹸ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪،‬‬
‫ﺱ‪ .‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻇﹶﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ؛ ﹶﻓﺎﻟ ﱢﻈﺎ ِﻫﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻡ‬‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ِﻛﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ﹲﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼ ﹲﻞ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ِ‬‫ِﺫﻛﹾﺮ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪ ‬ﻤﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ِ‬

‫‪        ‬‬‫‪  ‬‬

‫ﺼﻴ ِﻞ ‪‬ﺧﺒ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ﻛﹶـﺎ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﺬﹾ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﹾﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺼﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﻉ ِﺑ ِﺬ ﹾﻛ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺕ ِﺇﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ‪ -‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺫﹶ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﹶﺃ ِﺑ ِﺬ ﹾﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ِﻝ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﺇ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻮﺍِﺑﻊِ ؛ ِﻟ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ِ ‬ﻡ ِﺫ ﹾﻛ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ِ‬
‫ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﱡﻠﻐ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺳ‪ ‬ﻮﺁﺀٌ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺣِﺴ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛـ ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨ ِﻮﻳ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺤﺎ ِﺓ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺫﻛﹶـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺡ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻼِ‬ ‫ﺻ ِﻄ ﹶ‬‫ﺴﹶﺄﹶﻟ ﹶﺔ ؛ ﹶﻓِﺈ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﻀ‪ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺣِﺴ‪ ‬ﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻌﱡﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨ ِﻮﻱ‪ .‬ﻭِﻓﻲ ﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻛـ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺡ‬ ‫ﻼِ‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻊ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹶﻝ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﻓِـﻲ ﺍﺻ‪‬ـ ِﻄ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ِﻪ‪ ):‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺱ( ﻓـ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ِﻛﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺎ ِﺓ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ِﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ِﻞ )‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻺ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺓ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ﻻﹶ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺮﻕ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﻟـ ‪‬ﺭ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﱠﺜ ﹶﻞ ِﺑ ِﻤﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ ﻟ ِ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﻟـ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻇﹶـﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻼ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ِﻗﻞٍ ﹶﻛﺎﹾﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬ ‫ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ِﻝ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻮِﻧ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ِﻗ ﹰ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ( ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ﹶﻞ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﻇﹶﺎ ِﻫﺮ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪ ‬ﻤﺮ‪ ).‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﻈﱠﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﺫﻛﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ( ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮﺱ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ﹲﻞ( ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﹸﺃ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﺑ ﹶﻘ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪ ‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻣﺘ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺼﺢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺎ ﹶﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘﻚ‪‬؛ ِﺇﺫﹾ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜﺎ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺇﻻﱠ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻻ ‪‬ﺧِﺘ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺼ ﹲﻞ( ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺍ‪‬ﺑِﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺁ ِﺀ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺓ ﺍﻟﺸ‪ ‬ﻌ ِﺮ ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻚ ِﻓﻲ ﹶﻏ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ﺍﻻ ‪‬ﺧِﺘ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﻣﹾﺜ ﹸﻞ ﺫﹶِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺇﻻﱠ ِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎﻙ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ ^ & :‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺇﻻﱠ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻻ ‪‬ﺧِﺘ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻛﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‬ﺃﻥﹾ ﻻﱠ ﻳ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺎﻭِﺭ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ـــــﺎ ﺇِﻻﱠﻙِ ‪‬ﺩﻳ‪‬ـــــﺎﺭ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ــﺎ ﻧ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ــﺎﻟِﻲ ﺇِﺫﹶﺍ ﻣ‪‬ــﺎ ﻛﹸﻨــﺖِ ﺟ‪‬ﺎﺭﺗ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ــﺎ‬

‫)‪(٥٥‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﻚ‪،‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑِﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻞﹸ ﺍﺛﹾ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓﺎﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺘ ِ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻜﹸ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻜﹸﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻜﹸ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ِ :‬ﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻱ‪،‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻞﹸ ﺍﺛﹾ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻬ‪ ‬ﻦ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬

‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ـﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ِ :‬ﻟﻠ ‪‬ﻮﹶﻗﺎ‪‬ﻳ ِﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑِﻨﻲ(‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ﹸﻞ ﺍﺛﹾ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬ ‫) ﹶﻓﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺘ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻨﺎ( ِﺑ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟﺒ‪‬ـﺂ ِﺀ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺂﺀُ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﻓِـﻲ ‪‬ﻣﺤ‪‬ـﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪‬ـﺐٍ‬ ‫ﺿ ِﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻈﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬‫ﻓـ ‪‬ﻧﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶـ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ(‪ِ ،‬ﺑ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻜﺴ‪‬ـ ِﺮ ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ( ِﺑ ﹶﻜ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ِ‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻞﱢ‬ ‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃِﺒ ‪‬‬‫ﻑ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻤﺎ( ﻓـ ﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﹼﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﺁﻝﱞ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﹾﺜِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ﹸﻜﻢ‪(‬‬ ‫ﻑ ِﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ٍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﻟِـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﺣ‪‬ﺮ~ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﺑِـ ِﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃِﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﻟﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓـ ﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺙ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ﹸﻜﻦ‪ (‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻋ ﹶ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ( ﻓـ ﺍﹾﻟﻬ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﻤﲑ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺓ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ :‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ( ﻓـ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻬ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﻤﲑ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐﺂِﺋ ِ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ( ﻓـ ﺍﹾﻟ ﻬ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺆ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﹶﺜ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻑ ِﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ٍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﻟِـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﻐ‪‬ﺂِﺋِﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ـﻢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ (‬ﻓـ ﺍﹾﻟﻬ‪‬ﺂﺀُ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﻟﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﻟﻐ‪‬ﺂِﺋِﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﺁﻝﱞ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﹾﺜِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﻬ‪‬ﻦ‪ (‬ﻓـ ﺍﹾﻟﻬ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ـﻊِ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﺔ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ـﻮ ﹸﻥ‪ :‬ﻋ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺙ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬‫ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻱ‪ -‬ﺗﻘﹸـﻮ ﹸﻝ ﻓِـﻲ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ِ :‬ﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎﻱ‪ (‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻻﱠ ِﺇﻳ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ﹸﻞ ﺍﺛﹾ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺖ ﹸﻗﻠﹾـﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺇ ﱠﻻ‪ :‬ﺣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﻑ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺮٍ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ِﺷﺌﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍِﺑ ِﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ‪ :‬ﻧﺎ ِﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﱠﻻ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ﹸﺓ ﺣ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼ ٍﻞ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨﻲ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﹾﻔﻲِ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ِﺇ ﱠﻻ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ﹸﺓ ﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ٍﺀ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺎﺓٍ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﻹ ‪‬ﳚﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝٍ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﻟـ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂﺀُ ﺍ َﻷ ِﺧ ‪‬ﲑ ﹸﺓ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﺁﻝﱞ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٥٦‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎ‪‬ﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻙِ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻛﹸ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻛﹸﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻛﹸ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ـﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻫ‪‬ـﺎ‪،‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻫ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ‪‬ﻳﺎﻫ‪ ‬ﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﺐ‪ ).‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ـﺎﻙِ(‬
‫ﺨﺎﻃﹶـ ِ‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎﻙ‪ِ (‬ﺑ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻑ ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻧﺎ( ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ِﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻈﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ـﺎ ﹸﻛﻢ‪ِ (‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠﻤ‪‬ـﻊِ ﺍﻟـﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃﺒ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛﻤ‪‬ـﺎ( ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺨ‪‬ـﺎ ﹶﻃِﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺎ ِ‬
‫ِﺑ ﹶﻜ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻴﻊِ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﻤﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛﱡﻠﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ِﺇﻳ‪‬ـﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺙ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﲔ‪ ).‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛﻦ‪ِ (‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃِﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴ‪‬ـﺂﺀُ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ٍﻞ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨﻲ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺎ ﹸﻝ ِﻓﻴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻤﲑ‪ ‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﺁﻝﱞ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧ‪‬ـﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﺁﻝﱞ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﻠﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﻏﹶﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ِﻭ‬
‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃﺒ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ِﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺨ‪‬ـﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ِﻭ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ِﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨﺎﻃﹶـ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ِﻓﻴﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻩ‪ِ :‬ﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻈﱢ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ِﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ٍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷِﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﺣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﺁﻝﱞ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ‬ ‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌِـﻴ ‪‬ﻢ ِﻓﻲ ِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ِﻭ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃِﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ـ ﻮ ﹸﻥ ِﻓﻲ ِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛﻦ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﺁﻝﱞ‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃِﺒ ‪‬‬‫ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﹾﺜِﻨ‪‬ﻴ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ﻤِـﻴ ‪‬ﻢ ِﻓﻲ ِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﺁﻝﱞ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﻬ‪‬ﺂﺀُ‪ :‬ﺣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﻑ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﺁﻝﱞ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ‬ ‫ﺕ‪ ).‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻩ( ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺩ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐﺂِﺋ ِ‬
‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻮ ِﺓ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫﺎ( ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ِﺓ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻤﺎ( ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻟﻐـﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ( ِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠﻤ‪‬ـﻊِ ﺍﻟـﺬﱡ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ‬
‫ﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺙ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻐﺂِﺋ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﲔ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫﻦ‪ِ (‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐ‪‬ﺂِﺋِﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٥٧‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻒ ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﺠﻲﺀُ ﹶﺛﺎِﻟﹰﺜﺎ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺗﺼ‪ِ ‬ﺮﻳ ِ‬‫ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺼ‪ ‬ﺪﺭ‪ :‬ﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ِ‬
‫ﻱ‪.‬‬‫ﺿﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﹶﻟﻔﹾﻈِﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ـ ِﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬‫ﻚ‪ :‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺘﻠﹾﺘ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻗﹶـﺘ‪‬ﻼﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ‬
‫ﻆ ﹶﻓﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻠ ِﻪ ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻟﻔﹾﻈِﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﹶﻓﻖ‪ ‬ﹶﻟﻔﹾﻈﹸﻪ‪ ‬ﹶﻟﻔﹾ ﹶ‬
‫ﻱ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ ﹶﻠﺴ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﻗﹸﻌ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﹸﻤ‪‬ﺖ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ﹶﻓﻖ‪ ‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﹶﻓﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻠ ِﻪ ﺩ‪‬ﻭﻥﹶ ﹶﻟﻔﹾﻈِ ِﻪ ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﻨ ِﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬‫ﻭ‪‬ﻗﹸﻮﻓﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬

‫‪    ‬‬ ‫‪   ‬‬

‫‪  ‬‬
‫ﻒ‬‫ﺠﻲ ُﺀ ﹶﺛﺎِﻟﹰﺜﺎ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺗﺼ‪‬ـ ِﺮﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹶﻝ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻄﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻖ‪) ،‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺼ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫َﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺙ‬‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﳊﹶـ ‪‬ﺪ ِ‬ ‫ﺿﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬‫ﻚ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻﻴ ‪‬ﻐ ٍﺔ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻﻴ ‪‬ﻐ ٍﺔ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ِ‬ ‫ﻱ‪ :‬ﺗﻐ‪ِ‬ﻴﲑ‪ ‬ﻩ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ِ‬ ‫ﻒ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ِﺮﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﺠﻲﺀُ ﹶﺛﺎِﻟﹰﺜﺎ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ‬ ‫ﺻﻴ ‪‬ﻐ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬‫ﺻﻴ ‪‬ﻐ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉِ‪ِ ،‬ﺇﹶﻟﻰ ِ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ‪ِ ،‬ﺇﹶﻟﻰ ِ‬ ‫ﺻﻴ ‪‬ﻐ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ؛ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻐﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﻳﻀ‪ِ ‬ﺮﺏ‪ ،‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ﹸﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭ ﺛﹶﺎِﻟﹰﺜﺎ ؛ ﹶﻓِﺈﺫﹼﺍ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍ ﹶﳌﺎﺿِﻲ ﹶﺃﻭ‪‬ﻻﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ‬ﺛﹶﺎِﻧ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺭ ﺑــ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ِﺷﺌﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ﺿ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻄﹶﻠﻖ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻆ ﹶﻓﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻠ ِﻪ ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻟﻔﹾﻈِﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻱ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﹶﻓﻖ‪ ‬ﹶﻟﻔﹾﻈﹸ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻟﻔﹾ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﹶﻟﻔﹾﻈِﻲ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﻨ ِﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ ﹶﻠﺴ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﹸﻗ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻗﻤ‪‬ـﺖ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺘﻠﹾ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻗﺘ‪‬ﻼﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ﹶﻓﻖ‪ ‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﹶﻓﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻠ ِﻪ ‪‬ﺩﻭﻥﹶ ﹶﻟﻔﹾﻈِ ِﻪ ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﻨ ِﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﹸﻠﻮﺱ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻌﻮﺩ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﲎ‪ ‬ﻭﺍ ِﺣ ٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟ ِﻘ‪‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﹸﻗﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ(؛ ﹶﻓِﺈ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭ ﹸﻗﻮﻓﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ ِﻔﻲ ﺍﺗ‪ ‬ﹶﻔﺎﹶﻗﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺭﻳ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ِﺑﺎﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻞ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﺣ ٍﺪ ؛ ﹸﻓ ﹸﻜﻞﱞ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﹸﻗ ‪‬ﻌﻮﺩ‪‬ﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﹸﻗﻮ ﹰﻓﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻆ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻘﺎ ﹸﻝ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻆ‪ .‬ﻭِﻗﻴ ﹶﻞ‪ :‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ﹶﻟﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻓﻖ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﹾﻔ ِ‬ ‫ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ِﻥ ﺍ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺘﻠ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﱠﻠ ﹾﻔ ِ‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻜﱠﻠﻒ‪ ‬ﻻﹶ ﺣ‪‬ﺎﺟ‪ ‬ﹶﺔ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺕ ﹸﻗ ‪‬ﻌﻮﺩ‪‬ﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻗ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻗ ﹾﻔﺖ‪ ‬ﻭﹸﻗﻮﹰﻓﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٥٨‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪    ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪    ‬‬‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻇﹶﺮ‪‬ﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ِﻥ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑ‪‬ﺘﻘﹾ ِﺪﻳ ِﺮ ِﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻴ‪‬ـﻮ‪ ‬ﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴﺂ ًﺀ‪،‬‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒﺎ ‪‬ﺣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻏ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ ﹰﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﻠﻴ‪ ‬ﹶﻠ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﹸﺪ‪ ‬ﻭ ﹰﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑ‪‬ﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺣﻴ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬

‫‪     ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬ ‫‪    ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬
‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺤﺎ ِﺓ‪ ) :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ِﻥ( ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺙﹸ ِﻓﻴـ ِﻪ )ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ـﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺡ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻼِ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ِﻥ( ِﻓﻲ ﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ ِﻄ ﹶ‬ ‫)ﻇﹶﺮ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺲ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ‪ُ‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺨ ِﻤﻴ ِ‬‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺲ‪ -‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﹾﻘ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨ ِﻤﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑ‪‬ﺘﻘﹾ ِﺪﻳ ِﺮ ِﻓﻲ(‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﻗﹾﻠﺖ‪ :‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺤ ِﻮ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺼ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ‪) .‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴﻮ‪ ‬ﻡ( ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜ ﹾﻔﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﱠﻠ‪‬ﻴﻠﹶـ ﹶﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺲ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻠﱠﻴ‪ ‬ﹶﻠ ﹶﺔ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳋ ِﻤﻴ ِ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻤﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻣﹾﺜﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺑـ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ِﺑﺎﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻞ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭﻏﹸـﺪ‪ ‬ﻭ ﹰﺓ( ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ ﹶﻓﺎﹾﻟ ﹸﻜ ﱡﻞ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﹶﻠ ﹰﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﹶﻠ ﹶﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺿ‪‬ـ ِﻤﲑ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘِﺘﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺯﻭ ‪‬ﺭﻙ‪ ‬ﻏﹸ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭ ﹰﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺯﻭ ‪‬ﺭﻙ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎِﻧﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﹸـ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭ ﹰﺓ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﺎ ﹶﻃ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ِﺟﻴﺌﹸـﻚ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻏ ‪‬ﺪﺍ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ِﺟﻴﺌﹸ ‪‬‬‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺯﻭ ‪‬ﺭﻙ‪ ‬ﺑ ﹾﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺑـ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺯﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‪ ).‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺂ ًﺀ( ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ِﺟﻴﺌﹸـﻚ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒﺎ ‪‬ﺣﺎ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ِﺟﻴﺌﹸ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒﺎ ‪‬ﺣﺎ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ ﹰﺔ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ِﺟﻴﺌﹸ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻏﹶ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤ ﹰﺔ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻻﹶ ﹸﺃ ﹶﻛﻠﱢ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ‪ :‬ﻧﺎِﻓﻴ‪‬ـﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹸﺃ ﹶﻛﻠﱢـ ‪‬ﻢ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺴﺂ ًﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺏ‪ ‬ﹶﻇﺎ ِﻫﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻣﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘِﺘﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻻﹶ ﹸﺃ ﹶﻛﻠﱢ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺘ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﻞ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﺔ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺪﺍ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎِﻧﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺕ ﺣِﻴ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻗﹶـ ‪‬ﺮﹾﺃﺕ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺣﻴﻨ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ِﺣﻴ‪‬ﻨﺎ( ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺮﹾﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ ٍﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺿ‪‬‬ ‫ﺖ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﺎ ‪‬ﻋﺔٍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻭ ﹾﻗ ٍ‬ ‫ﻚ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺰ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﹸﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺒﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ِ‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻏﹸﺪ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺓﹰ ﻭﺑ‪‬ﻜﹾﺮ‪‬ﺓﹰ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺢِ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳﺤ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻗﹸﺒ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻞﹶ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮِ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺔﹰ‪ :‬ﻟﺜﻠﺚ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞِ ﺍﻷَﻭ‪‬ﻝِ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺻ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺎﺣ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﻝ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٥٩‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻇﺮ‪‬ﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎ ِﻥ‪ :‬ﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎ ِﻥ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑ‪‬ﺘﻘﹾ ِﺪﻳ ِﺮ ِﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﹸ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺁ َﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﻮ‪‬ﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺤ‪‬ـﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻋﻨ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﺯﺁ َﺀ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﻠﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ِﺣ ﹶﺬﺁ َﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺗﻠﹾ ﹶﻘﺂ َﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﱠﺛ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬

‫ﺏ ِﺑ‪‬ﺘﻘﹾ ِﺪﻳ ِﺮ ِﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳊ ‪‬ﺪﺙﹸ )ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎ ِﻥ( ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﻊ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻇﺮ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺴ ﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺸ‪‬ﻴﺦِ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﺟﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻡ( ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻘﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﺧﹾﻠ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹸﻗﺪ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻡ( ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻒ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻴﺦِ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﻠﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺑـ ‪‬ﺟﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﻕ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪‬ـﻮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻮﻕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹾﻄﺢِ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻔﹶـ ﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳋ ﹾﻠﻒِ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﻮ‪‬ﻕ‪ (‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ِﻡ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺁ َﺀ( ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﺤﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹾﻘﻒِ‪ ،‬ﻓـ‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹾﻄﺢِ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺤ‪‬ﺖ‪ (‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﹾﻘﻒِ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ِﻋﻨ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ( ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻨ‪‬ـﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻜﹶـﺎ ِﻥ‬ ‫ﺤ ﺖ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ِﻋﻨ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ِﺮﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺖ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪‬ـﻮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺎ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ( ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻜﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻻﺟ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻉ ‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺇ ‪‬ﺯﺁ َﺀ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ﺪٍ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﺯﺁ َﺀ( ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺎِﺑ ﹶﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ِﺣ ﹶﺬﺁ َﺀ( ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻨ‪‬ـﻰ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻜﹶـﺎ ِﻥ‬ ‫ﻓـ ِﺇ ‪‬ﺯﺁ َﺀ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﺣِﺬﹶﺁﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ِﺣ ﹶﺬﺁ َﺀ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ِﺮﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺗ ﹾﻠﻘﻀﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ِﺗ ﹾﻠﻘﹶـﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺗﻠﹾ ﹶﻘﺂ َﺀ( ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺎِﺑ ﹶﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻜﺎ ٍﻥ‪،‬‬‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻇ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨﺎ( ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﺇ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺓٍ ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎ ِﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ِﺮﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻫﻨ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ـ ﹸﻜﻮ ِﻥ ﻓِـﻲ ‪‬ﻣﺤ‪‬ـﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪‬ـﺐٍ ‪‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮِﻓﻴ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺖ‪ ‬ﺛﹶﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓــ ﺛﹶـﻢ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻜﺎ ٍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ).‬ﻭﹶﺛﻢ‪ (‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﺇ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺓٍ ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎ ِﻥ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ِﻌﻴ ِﺪ ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻇ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ( ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻜﺎ ِﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻓﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻜﺎِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺷ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ ِﺮﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺮﺳ‪‬ﺦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻣﻴ ﹶﻞ"‪ .‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪" :‬ﻳ ِﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺒﻬ‪ ‬ﻤ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٦٠‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪  ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫ﻚ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺴﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺍﻧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﹾﻬ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺌﹶﺎﺕِ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳊﺎﻝﹸ‪ :‬ﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹶ‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺱ ﻣ‪‬ﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺟﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟ ِﻘﻴ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﺒ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ِﻛﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﺎﻝﹸ ِﺇ ﱠﻻ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ِﺇ ﱠﻻ ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﻚ‪ .‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬

‫‪    ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬

‫ﺤﺎ ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻔﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺍﻧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﹾﻬ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺌﹶﺎﺕِ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳊﺎ ﹸﻝ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫)ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﺼﺎ ِﺣِﺒ ِﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻒ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ِﻝ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ِﻣِﻠ ِﻪ؛ ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎ ِﺣِﺒ ِﻪ‪ِ ،‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺣ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻔﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻴﺌﹶ ِﺔ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ﹶﻞ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‬‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺎ( ﻓـ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ﹸﻞ ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺎ‪ :‬ﺣ‪‬ﺎﻝﹲ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﺣ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﹶﻗ‪‬ﻴﺪ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻣِﻠ ِﻪ‪) ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹾ ﹸﻛﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗﺪ ﺗﺄﰐ ﺍﳊﺎ ﹸﻝ‬ ‫ﺠﻲ ِﺀ؛ ﹶﻓ ِﻬ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺣﺎﻝﹲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴﺎ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻴﺌﹶِﺘ ِﻪ ِﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺱ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﺭ ِﻛﺒ‪‬ـﺖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺱ ‪‬ﻣﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺟﺎ( ﻓـ ﺍﻟﻔﹶـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﺫ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ ِﺑ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ِﻪ‪ ) :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ِﻛﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹾ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﻟ ِﻘﻴ‪‬ﺖ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ِﻬﻲ َﺣﹶﺎﻝﹲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺟﺎ‪ :‬ﺣ‪‬ﺎﻝﹲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬
‫ﺤِﺘ ِﻤ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺣ‪‬ﺎﻻﹰ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫِـﻲ‪‬‬ ‫ﷲ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ ﹶﻟ ِﻘﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺎ‪ :‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺎ( ﻓـ ‪‬ﻋﺒ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﺒ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺤﺎ ِﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍﳊﹶـﺎ ﹸﻝ‬ ‫ﻚ( ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﷲ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ‪ ).‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔﺎ ِﻋ ﹸﻞ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِ‬
‫ﳊﺎ ِﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸ‪ ‬ﻤﺲ‪ ‬ﻃﹶﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺔﹲ‪ :‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭﺧﱪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸ‪ ‬ﻤﺲ‪ ‬ﻃﹶﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﹶﻠ ﹰﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺎ ِﺭ‪‬ﻧﺎ ﻃﹸﹸﻠﻮﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺸ‪ ‬ﻤﺲِ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ ﺣ‪‬ﺎﻝﹲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ ِﻓﻲ ﹸﻗﻮ‪ِ ‬ﺓ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ﳉﹸ ‪‬ﻤﹶﻠ ﹸﺔ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﳊﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﺑ ﹶﻘ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﳊﺎ ﹸﻝ ِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺟ‪‬ﺘﻬِـ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭﺣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻙ ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻮ ُ‪ :‬ﺍﺩ ‪‬ﺧﹸﻠﻮﺍ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹶﻝ ﹶﻓﺎ َﻷﻭ‪ ‬ﹶﻝ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻱ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺗ‪ِ‬ﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄِﺗﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮﹶﻓ ﹰﺔ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘﺆ‪‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﹸﻝ ِﺑ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ٍﺓ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﳊﺎ ِﻝ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ ِﺪﱘ‪ ‬ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻡ( ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﺑ ﹶﻘ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻳ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻔ ِﺮ ‪‬ﺩﺍ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﻒ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ ‪ :‬ﹶﻛ‪‬ﻴﻒ‪ ‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺑ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﹶﻛﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻡ ﹶﻛﹶﺄﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘ ﹾﻔﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﳊﺎ ِﻝ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫ﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘ ﹾﻔﻬ‪‬ﺎﻡٍ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٦١‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺻﺎ ِﺣﺒ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﺇ ﱠﻻ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ﹶﻓ ﹰﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ‪‬‬

‫ﺻﺎ ِﺣ‪‬ﺒﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ﹶﻓ ﹰﺔ( ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﺑ ﹶﻘ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺄِﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﺓ ﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻋﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻣﻨ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻﱠﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺁ َﺀ ‪‬ﻩ ِﺭ ‪‬ﺟﺎﻝﹲ ِﻗ‪‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﻓـ ِﻗ‪‬ﻴﺎﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺣ‪‬ﺎﻝﹲ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻﱠﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺭﺳ‪‬ﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺍﷲِ ‪ #‬ﺟ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳊ ِﺪﻳﺚﹸ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺍﹶ‬
‫ﻍ‬‫ﺻﺎ ِﺣ‪‬ﺒﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ ِﻗ‪‬ﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺳﺎ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ـﻮ‪ٍ ‬‬ ‫ﻆ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺎﺱ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ .‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ﹶﻔ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺭﺟﺎﻝٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹾ ﹸﻛﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺓ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻄﻮ‪‬ﻻﹶ ِ‬ ‫ﺴﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻏﺎ ِ‬ ‫ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٦٢‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻮ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺍﻧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟـﺬﱠ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﻤ‪ِ‬ﻴﻴﺰ‪ :‬ﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻧﻔﹾﺴ‪‬ـﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﻣ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺐ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﹰﻗﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻔ ﱠﻘﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺑﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ﺷ‪‬ﺤ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻃﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻧﻌ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺔﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﺃﻛﹾ ‪‬ﺮﻡ‪ِ ‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﹶﻠﻜﹾﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺗﺴ‪ِ ‬ﻌ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭﺍﺷ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻋﺸ‪ِ ‬ﺮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬

‫‪    ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬

‫ﺕ( ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ِﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞٍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻔﺴ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺍﻧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﱠ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻤ‪ِ‬ﻴﻴﺰ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺐ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻴﺘ‪‬ﻀِﺢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪ ٍﺩ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ِﻣ ﹾﻘ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ٍﺭ‪ ،‬ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻴ ﹾﻈﻬ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ‪ .‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪‬ﻨﺎ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺧ ِﻔﻲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﹰﻗﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺼﺒ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺐ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﻗﺎ( ﻓـ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﺒ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑﺎ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ )‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ؛ ﻓﹶـِﺈ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻧﺴ‪‬ـ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﺔ‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ِ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻞ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪‬ﻦ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺍ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻕ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ِﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ﹶﺬﺍ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) :‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻔﻘﱠﹶﺄ ‪‬ﺑﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ﺷ‪‬ﺤ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﺘ ِﻤ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹶﻥ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺟِﻬ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺒ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻛﻞﱞ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻤِﻴﻴ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳ ِﻦ ِﻓﻴﻬ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪‬ﻦ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺍ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛﻞﱞ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻛﻴ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤﻤ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻧﻔﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻃﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ(‬‫ﺤﻤ‪‬ﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ﹶﺬﺍ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﺴ‪‬ﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﺷ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮﻳ‪‬ﺖ‪ِ ‬ﻋﺸ‪ِ ‬ﺮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ِﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﺤﻖ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬‬‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ِﺀ؛ َﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣﹾﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﺷ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻳ ﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻋﺸ‪ِ ‬ﺮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ِﺮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻠﻜﹾﺖ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻤِﻴﻴ ِﺰ‪ِ :‬ﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ِﺣﻴ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ِﻟ ﹸﻜﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻭ ٍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺼﹶ‬‫ﺸ ِﺮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ؛ ِﻹ ‪‬ﺎ ِﻣﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‪ِ ‬ﻟ ِﻌ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻏﹸ ﹶ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻊِ‬
‫ﺤﻖ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﻴﺂ ِﺀ؛ َﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻧﻌ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺔﹰ( ‪‬ﻣﹶﻠﻜﹾـ ﺖ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺗ ﺴ‪‬ـ ِﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺗﺴ‪ِ ‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ِﺮﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ﹶﺃﻛﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ ِﻣﻨ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﺎ(‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﻓﻲ ِﻋ ‪‬‬
‫ﲔ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻌﺠ‪‬ﺔﹰ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‪ ‬ﻟـ ِﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑـ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢﻖ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﺎ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ﺪ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﻚ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺭ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻭِﻗﻴ ﹶﻞ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻛﹾـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻝ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﺮ ِﻛﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻮ‪‬ﻝﹲ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪِﺃ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ َﻷ ﺻ‪‬ـ ﹸﻞ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑﻮ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻚ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﺎ ِﻡ‪.‬‬‫ﺠﻲ َﺀ ِﺑﺎﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻤِﻴﻴ ِﺰ ؛ ِﻟ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﻥ ﺫِِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ﺍ َﻷ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻣﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﻱ‪ِ ‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻬ ٍﺔ ﹶﻓ ِ‬
‫ﺼ ﹶﻞ ِﺇ ‪‬ﺎﻡ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ِﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻚ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٦٣‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻞﹸ ِﻣﻨ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ِﺇ ﱠﻻ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ‪ .‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸﻮﻥﹸ ِﺇ ﱠﻻ ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬

‫‪‬ﻭ ِﻣﹾﺜﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) :‬ﻭﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ِﻣﻨ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ(‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ﻤ‪‬ـ ﹸﻞ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻄﻮﻑ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍﻗﻊِ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪،‬‬
‫ﳋ‪‬ﺒ ِﺮ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﻘﹾـ ِﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻚ‪ ‬ﻭﺟ‪ ‬ﻬﺎ؛ ﻓـ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹲ ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ـ ﹸﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻄﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪‬ﻝﹲ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪِﺃ ؛ ِﻹ‪‬ـﺎ ِﻡ‬‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢﻖ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻨ ﻚ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ِﺔ ﺍ َﻷﺟ‪ ‬ﻤِﻠﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺍ َﻷ ﺻ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ‪ :‬ﻭﺟ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ﹶﺃﺟ‪ ‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻚ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹸﻔ ِﻌ ﹶﻞ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﺗﻘﹶـﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ‪ ).‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸـﻮ ﹸﻥ ِﺇﻻﱠ‬
‫ِﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻤِﻴﻴ ‪‬ﺰ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶ‬
‫ﳊﺎ ِﻝ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﺓ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﹾﻔﺲ‪ ‬ﻳﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭٍ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ِﻃﺒ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ(‪ ،‬ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﹶـ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﻓـ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻝ ﻓﻴ ِﻪ‪ :‬ﺯﺁِﺋ ‪‬ﺪﺓﹲ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﺑﻌ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ(( ﻓـ ﺷ‪‬ـ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒﺎ‪ :‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤِﻴﻴﺰ‪ ‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪‬ﻡ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﹶـﻰ‬
‫ﺼﺮ‪‬ﹰﻓﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻛ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ِﻪ‪ )) :‬ﻭﺷ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺒﺎ ‪‬ﺭﹾﺃﺳِﻲ‪ ‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺷ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ﺇﺫِﹶﺍ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ِﻣﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋﺎ ِﻣِﻠ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍ ‪‬ﺷ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٦٤‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺣ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ ﹶﺛ ‪‬ﻤﺎِﻧ‪‬ﻴ ﹲﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ﱠﻻ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻏﻴ‪‬ـﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳِـ ‪‬ﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮﻯ‪،‬‬
‫ﺼﺐ‪ِ ‬ﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﺷﺎ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﺑـ "ِﺇ ﱠﻻ" ﻳ‪‬ﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮﺁﺀٌ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶ‬
‫ﺝ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﺎﺱ‪ِ ‬ﺇ ﱠﻻ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻼﻡ‪ ‬ﺗﺂﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﺟ‪‬ﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘﻮ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺇ ﱠﻻ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼﻡ‪ ‬ﻣﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻔﻴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﺂﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺟﺎ ‪‬ﺯ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹸ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪‬ﺐ‪ ‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬

‫‪      ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬

‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‬‫ﻑ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ ﹶﺛ ‪‬ﻤﺎِﻧ‪‬ﻴ ﹲﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ِ :‬ﺇﻻﱠ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺝ ِﺑِﺈﻻﱠ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ِﺇﺣ‪ ‬ﺪﻯ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ) :‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑِﺈﻻﱠ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ‪.‬‬ ‫ِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﱠﻻ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ﹸﺓ ﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ٍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ﺪٍِ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ـﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ـ ِﻪ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﻏﹶ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻏﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺳِ ‪‬ﻮﻯ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺳِـ ‪‬ﻮ ﻯ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ِﺳ ‪‬ﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮﺁﺀٌ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‬‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﺷﺎ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻒ ِﻟﻠﺘ‪ ‬ﻌﺬﱡ ِﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ﺪٍ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤ ٍﺔ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ٍﺓ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬ ‫ِﺑ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺗﺂﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣﻮ ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺒﺎ(‬ ‫ﺐ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ﹾﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﺑِﺈﻻﱠ ‪‬ﻳﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺧ ﹶ‬
‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﹾﺜ‪‬ﺒﺖ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﱠـﺬِﻱ ﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻮﺟ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂﻡ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﺫﹸ ِﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺧﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﻲ‪ ‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﻲ‪ ‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘ ﹾﻔﻬ‪‬ﺎﻡ‪) ‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘﻮ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﺇﻻﱠ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ( ﻓـ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﱠﻻ‪:‬‬
‫ﺝ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎﺱ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ( ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻣﹾﺜﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ ﺑـ "ِﺇﻻﱠ"‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ﹸﺓ ﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ٍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶـ ِﺈ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬‫ﺐ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹸﻛﻞﱞ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺟ‪‬ﺐ‪ ‬ﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﺍ ِﻹ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﻼ ﹶﻛﺎﹾﻟ ِﻤﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ِﺟ‪‬ﻨﺴِـ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻳﺴ‪‬ـﻤ‪‬ﻰ‬ ‫ﺼﹰ‬ ‫ﺴﻤ‪‬ﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂﺀُ ‪‬ﻣﺘ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺟِ‪‬ﻨﺲِ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‬‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻔﻴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗﺂﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺟﺎ ‪‬ﺯ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ِﺇﻻﱠ ِﺣ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺍ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻘ ِﻄ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺂﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺇﺫﱠﺍ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻧﻔﹾـﻲ‪ - ‬ﻭ ِﻣﹾﺜﻠﹸـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺷِـ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻔﹾـﻲِ ﻛﹶـﺎﻟﻨ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻲِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﺨ‪‬ﺘﺎ ‪‬ﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻉ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪِﻟﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹶﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘ ﹾﻔﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﻡ‪ -‬ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺯ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٦٥‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫ﺼﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻼﻡ‪ ‬ﻧﺎ ِﻗ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘﻮ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ ‬ﺇ ﱠﻻ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ‪ .‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺇ ﱠﻻ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪‬ﺕ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻣ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ِﺇ ﱠﻻ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺇ ﱠﻻ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﳌﹸﺴ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻐﻴ‪‬ﺮٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺳ ‪‬ﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳ‪ ‬ﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮﺁﺀٌ ‪‬ﻣﺠ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻻ ﹶﻏﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﹶﻓﺎﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻲ )‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘﻮ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﺇﻻﱠ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ( ِﺑﺎﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﹾﻓﻊِ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹲ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌﺾٍ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹸﻛﻞﱟ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪‬ﺭ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻣﺜﹶـﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ـ ِﻲ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣﺪ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺼ ِ‬ ‫ﻱ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ( ِﺑﺎﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ﱡﻞ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ِﺯ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻳ ِﻦ‪ِ -‬ﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂﺀُ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ِﻣﹶﺜﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻻ ‪‬ﺳِﺘ ﹾﻔﻬ‪‬ﺎ ِﻡ‪ :‬ﻫ ﹾﻞ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭِﺇﻻﱠ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ِﺇﻻﱠ‬‫ﺐ‪ -‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔﻲ‪ ‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ِﺷ‪‬ﺒﻬ‪ ‬ﻪ‪ -‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻘ ِﻄ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼﹰ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺘ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟﺎ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻨﻮ ‪‬ﺗ ِﻤﻴ ‪‬ﻢ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ﺍ ِﻹ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺟ‪ ‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﺭ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺠﻮ ‪‬ﺯ‪ِ :‬ﺇﻻﱠ ِﺣ ‪‬ﻤﺎﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﹾﻓﻊِ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﹶﺬﺍ ‪‬ﻣﺬﹾﻫ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺣ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺎ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ِﻡ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻣ ِﻞ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِﻗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِ‬ ‫ﺼﺎ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِﻗ ‪‬‬‫ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹶ‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻣ ِﻞ ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ )‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ِﺇﻻﱠ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ( ﻓـ‬ ‫ﺴ ِ‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ‪ -‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺫ ﹾﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﱠﻻ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ﹸﺓ ﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺎﺓٍ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺎ؛ َﻷ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻄﹸﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋ ﹰ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺎ‪ :‬ﻧﺎ ِﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﹶـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻄﹸﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺖ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻻﱠ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ(‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹸﻝ ﺿ‪ ‬ﺮ‪‬ﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﱠﻻ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﺍ ﹸﺓ ﺍﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺎ ٍﺀ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ﺪ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ﱠﻻ‪ :‬ﻣﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺎﺓﹲ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺎﺓٍ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪‬ﺕ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻻﱠ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ( ﻓـ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻐﻴ‪‬ﺮٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﺳ ‪‬ﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮﺁﺀٌ ‪‬ﻣﺠ‪ ‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻻ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢﻖ‪ ‬ﺑـ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﺎ ﹶﻓِﺘ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ ﹶﻓﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﺣ‪ ‬ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺟ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﻩ ِﺑِﺈ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬‬‫ﺕ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﹶﻏﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻏﹶﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ِﻹﳚ‪‬ﺎﺏِ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ِ‬‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﺑِﺈﻻﱠ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﺑﻖ‪ِ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻮﺏِ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ِ ،‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺮ ﹾﻓﻊِ "ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ" ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺼ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻉ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﹾﻔﻲِ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺘ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺤﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ﺍﻻ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِ‬‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﹶـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺐ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻘ ِﻄ ِﻊ ِﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﻏ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ‪‬ﺗ ِﻤﻴ ٍﻢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ِ‬ ‫ﺼِﺒ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ِ‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﻮﺏِ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪِﻟﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻣ ِﻞ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎﻗﺺِ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺣ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ٍﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍ ِﻹﺟ‪ ‬ﺮﺁ ِﺀ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ِﻤﻴ ِﻊ‪.‬‬‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻐ‪‬ﻴ ِﺮ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ﹶﻜ ﹶﺬﺍ ﺣ‪ ‬ﹾﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﺳِ ‪‬ﻮﻯ ‪‬ﻭﺳ‪ ‬ﻮﻯ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮﺁﺀٌ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٦٦‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﺷﺎ؛ ‪‬ﻳﺠ‪‬ﻮﺯ‪ ‬ﻧﺼ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘﻮ‪‬ﻡ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺮﻭٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺑﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﻜﹾﺮٍ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺧ ﹶ‬

‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ(‬
‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﺷﺎ؛ ‪‬ﻳﺠ‪‬ﻮﺯ‪ ‬ﻧﺼ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪ ‬ﻩ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﹶـﻮ‪ ‬ﻡ ﺧ‪‬ـ ﹶ‬
‫ﺨﹶ‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ﺘﺜﹾ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘِﺘﺮ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘﺂِﺋ ِﻢ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔﻬ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻗﹶـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺽ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﹶﺎ ِﻋﹸﻠﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬‫ﻼ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺼ ِ‬ ‫ِﺑ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺟ‪‬ﺮ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺮﻭٍ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻼ‪ :‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠﺮ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ( ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺍِﻟ ِﻤﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻈﲑ‪ ‬ﺍ َﻷﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺑﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﻜﹾﺮٍ( ِﺑﺎﻟﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ ِﺪﻳ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ﹰﻻ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ـﺮ‪ ‬ﻩ‬
‫ﺠﻮ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫ﺙ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ِ‬ ‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﱠﺜ ﹶ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘﹾﺜ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻜِﻠ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺤﺎ ﺻِـ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻘ ِﺪﻳ ِﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﻭ ﹰﻓﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٦٧‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ ‪‬ﻭﻟﹶـﻢ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻐﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻮﻳ ٍﻦ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺍﻋ‪ ‬ﹶﻠﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻥﱠ )) ﹶﻻ(( ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﻓﹾـﻊ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺘﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪ )) ‬ﹶﻻ(( ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ ‬ﹶﻞ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﺭ‪ .‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِﺷﺮ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ِﺗﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺭ‪ ‬ﹶﻻ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﺭ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ ‬ﹲﻞ ‪‬ﻭﻻ َﺍﻣ‪ ‬ﺮﹶﺃﺓﹲ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪ ‬‬

‫‪  ‬‬ ‫‪  ‬‬

‫ﺕ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﺗ‪‬ﺘﻜﹾﺮ‪‬ﺭ‪ )) ‬ﹶﻻ((( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌﻨِـﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ‬ ‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻐﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻮﻳ ٍﻦ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ِ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫)ﺍﻋ‪ ‬ﹶﻠﻢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻥﱠ )) ﹶﻻ(( ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺕ ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺘﺺ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ِ ،‬ﻣﹾﺜ ﹸﻞ ِﺇ ﱠﻥ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟ ِﻜﻨ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨﺲِ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬ ‫"ﻻﹶ" ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ِﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﺔ ِﻟﹾﻠ ِ‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮﻁﹸ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِﺷ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﺓ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻜﺮ‪ ‬ﺭ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹾﻥ ﺩ‪ ‬ﺧﹶﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ـﺎﹰﻓﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺷ‪‬ـِﺒﻴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺮ ﹶﻓ ٍِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨﺲِ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﻑ‪ -‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ )‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺟ ﹶﻞ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺭ( ﻓـ ﹶﻻ‪ :‬ﻧﺎِﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹲ ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ِ‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓ ﻲ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺭ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤﻞﱢ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺟ ﹶﻞ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻓﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺇ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬
‫ﻑ ﹶﻓِﺈﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﺬﹸﻭﻑٍ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪ .‬ﻭِﺇ ﹾﻥ ﺩ‪ ‬ﺧﹶﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑٍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺷِﺒﻴ ِﻪ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ـﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢﻖ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺭ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﹶﺜﺎ ِﻝ ﺍ َﻷ ﻭ‪ِ ‬ﻝ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﺟ‪‬ﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﹶﻃﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺒ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺳ ﹶﻔ ٍﺮ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻻﹶ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺼ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ِ‬
‫ﺿﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺳ ﹶﻔ ٍﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨﺲِ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫" ﹶﻻ"‪ :‬ﻧﺎ ِﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹲ ِﻟﹾﻠ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪،‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨﺲِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻃﺎِﻟﻌ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻤﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﹾﻟ ِﻤﹶﺜﺎ ِﻝ ﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‪ " :‬ﹶﻻ"‪ :‬ﻧﺎ ِﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﺔ ِﻟﹾﻠ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺑـ ﻃﹶﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﹸﻟ ‪‬ﻪ؛ َﻷﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞٍ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ـ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮ ﺟ‪‬ـ ﻮﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻼ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺒ ﹰ‬
‫ﺼ ﹶﻞ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﺷﻲ‪‬ﺀٌ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻩ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻑ‪ :‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﱠﻠﻖ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃﻱ ﺍﺗ‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸ‪ِ‬ﺒﻴ ‪‬ﻪ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻻﹶ‬ ‫ﺼﻮ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺎ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺎ ِﻓ ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺪﻭﺡ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ِﻓ ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﻓﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺑـ ﹶﻗِﺒﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻻﹶ ﹶﻗِﺒﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ِﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺎﺭ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪ ‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺍ ِﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﺮ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻃﹶﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺒ ﹰ‬
‫ﺐ ِﺗﻜﹾ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻻ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ ِﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﻓﹾ ‪‬ﻊ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢﻖ‪ ‬ﺑـ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ‬ﺗ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِﺷﺮ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪‬‬‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨﺲِ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻠﻐ‪‬ﺎﺓﹲ ﻻﹶ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓِـ ﻲ ﺍﻟـﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺭ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺭ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺭ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ ‬ﹲﻞ ‪‬ﻭﻻ َﺍﻣ‪ ‬ﺮﹶﺃﺓﹲ( ﻓـ ﹶﻻ‪ :‬ﻧﺎ ِﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹲ ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ِ‬
‫ﺤﺬﹸﻭﻑٍ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪ ‬ﻣ ﹶﻘﺪ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺟﻞﹲ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﺃﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺆ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹶﺃﺓﹲ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻄﻮﻑ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ٍ ‬ﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻌﻠﱢﻖ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٦٨‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﺖ ﻗﹸﻠﹾﺖ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ـ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭﺕ‪ " ‬ﹶﻻ" ‪‬ﺟﺎ ‪‬ﺯ ِﺇﻋ‪ ‬ﻤﺎﻟﹸﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻭِﺇﻟﹾﻐ‪‬ﺂﺅ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ِﺷﺌﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻗﹸﻠﹾﺖ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ ‬ﹲﻞ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺍﻣ‪ ‬ﺮﹶﺃﺓﹲ‪.‬‬ ‫ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺍﻣ‪ ‬ﺮﹶﺃ ﹶﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ ِﺷﺌﹾ ‪‬‬

‫) ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻜﺮ‪ ‬ﺭﺕ‪ " ‬ﹶﻻ" ‪‬ﺟﺎ ‪‬ﺯ ِﺇﻋ‪ ‬ﻤﺎﹸﻟﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻭِﺇﻟﹾﻐ‪‬ﺂﺅ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧﹶﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻧ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ٍﺓ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻜﺮ‪ ‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺖ ﹸﻗﻠﹾـﺖ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ‬
‫"ﻻﹶ"‪ -‬ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺯ ِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺎﹸﻟﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ ِﺇ ﱠﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﹾﻟﻐ‪‬ﺂﺅ‪ ‬ﻫﺎ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﹰﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ ).‬ﹶﻓِﺈﻥﹾ ِﺷﺌﹾ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺟ ﹶﻞ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺍﻣ‪ ‬ﺮﹶﺃ ﹶﺓ( ِﺑ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘﺢِ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ ‬ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹶﺃ ﹶﺓ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻝ "ﻻﹶ" ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻞ ﹸﻛﻞﱟ ِﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ﺍﺳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻤﺎﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺖ ﹸﻗﻠﹾﺖ‪ :‬ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺟ ﹲﻞ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ِﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺍﻣ‪ ‬ﺮﹶﺃﺓﹲ( ِﺑ ‪‬ﺮ ﹾﻓﻊِ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹶﺃﺓﹲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ِﺇﹾﻟﻐ‪‬ﺎِﺋﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻌ ِﻞ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭِﺇﻥﹾ ِﺷﺌﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫﺎ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺪﹰﺃ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻫ ﹶﺬﻳ ِﻦ ﺍ ِﳌﹶﺜﺎﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﹶﻛِﺜ ‪‬ﲑﺓﹲ ‪‬ﻣﺬﹾ ﹸﻛﻮ ‪‬ﺭﺓﹲ ِﻓﻲ ﺍ ﹸﳌ ﹶﻄﻮ‪‬ﻻﹶ ِ‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٦٩‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻉ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻘﹾﺼ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺓِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮ ﹸﺓ‬ ‫ﺴﺔﹸ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ٍ‬‫ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻯ ‪‬ﺧﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻑ؛ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻠﻢ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﺒﻪ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﹶﻏﻴ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻘﹾﺼ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺓِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻨ ِﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻘﹾﺼ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺓِ ﹶﻓﻴ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻏﹶﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻮﻳ ٍﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﹶﺛﺔﹸ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِﻗ‪‬ﻴﺔﹸ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﺑ ﹲﺔ ﹶﻻ ﹶﻏﻴ‪‬ﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ﻞﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﱠ ﹶ‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺓِ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﹶﻏﻴ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻘﹾﺼ‪‬ـﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺓِ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻉ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻘﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻮﺍ ٍ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻯ ‪‬ﺧﻤ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴﺎ ٍﻡ‪ :‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻠﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺴ ِﺔ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻢ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻯ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻘ ِ‬
‫ﺸﺒ‪ ‬ﻪ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺓﹸ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﹰﻓﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺷِﺒﻴ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ ‪ :‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ﻞﹲ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﺃ ِﺭﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺑ ِﻪ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ﻞﹲ ﻏﹶ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺓِ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﹶﺃﺓﹲ ِﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﺃ ِﺭﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺑ ِﻬ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪‬ﻦ‪ ، ‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﹶﻏ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‬‫ﻼ ِﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺸ‪‬ﺒ‪ ‬ﻪ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ﻛـ‪ :‬ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺧﺬﹾ ِﺑ‪‬ﻴ ِﺪﻱ‪َ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻴ‪ٍ ‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﹶﻛ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻝ ﺍ َﻷ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﻰ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ ‬ﹰ‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬ﺩﺓِ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻴﺒ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻏﹶﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪ ) .‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻔﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺓﹸ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻘﹾ ‪‬‬‫ﻛـ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ﹶﻃﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺒ ﹰ‬
‫ﺤﻞﱢ‬ ‫ﻑ ِﻧ ‪‬ﺪﺁ ٍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻯ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒِﻨ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺗﻨ‪ِ ‬ﻮﻳ ٍﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺟ ﹸﻞ(‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻳﺎ‪ :‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹶ ﱠﻛ ِﺮ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ِﻭ‬ ‫ﺼﺐٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻣ ﹾﺜﻠﹸـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﹶﺜﻨ‪‬ﻰ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍ َﻷِﻟ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮ‪‬ﺑ ﹲﺔ‬‫ﻼﹶﺛ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺎ ِﻗ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﺔ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨﻰ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓﻊ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ِﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﱠ ﹶ‬ ‫ﳊﺎ ﺻِ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﹸﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ِﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹸﻜﻞﱞ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻨ ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻯ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﺎ ﹶﻃﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺒ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺧﺬﹾ ِﺑ‪‬ﻴ ِﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﺎ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪ ‬ﹰ‬ ‫ﹶﻻ ﹶﻏﻴ‪ ‬ﺮ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ﻟـ ﻃﹶﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﺒ ﹰ‬‫ﺤ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ﱠﻈﺎ ِﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ﻟـ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ِﺑﺎﻟ ﹶﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﲰﻲ ﺷﺒﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﰊ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﲤﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ؛ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﳏﺘﺎﺟ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٧٠‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻭ‪‬ﻗﹸﻮﻉِ ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻮ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ِ‬
‫‪‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﻳ‪‬ﺬﹾ ﹶﻛﺮ‪ ‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﺪ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﺍﺑ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻐﺂ َﺀ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭ ِﻓﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻼ ﹰﻻ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻤ‪‬ﺮﻭٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪ ِﺇﺟ‪ ‬ﹶ‬
‫ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬

‫‪ (         ‬‬

‫) ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﻗﹶـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﺐ ‪‬ﻭ ﹸﻗﻮﻉِ ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪ِ ‬ﻞ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪‬ﻟِـ ‪‬‬‫ﺴ‪‬ﺒ ِ‬ ‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳﺬﹾ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴﺎ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ َﻷﺟ‪ِ‬ﻠ ِﻪ؛ َﻷﻧ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﻼ ﹰﻻ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ﹰﻻ ِﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻤ‪‬ﺮﻭٍ( ﻓـ ﹶﻗﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ِ ،‬ﺇﺟ‪‬ـ ﹶ‬ ‫ِﺇﺟ‪ ‬ﹶ‬
‫ﹸﺫ ِﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻟ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﻥ ِﻋﱠﻠ ِﺔ ‪‬ﻭﹸﻗﻮﻉِ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼﺪ‪‬ﺗﻚ‪ ‬ﺍﺑ‪ِ‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻐﺂ َﺀ ‪‬ﻣﻌ‪ ‬ﺮﻭ ِﻓﻚ‪ (‬ﻓـ ﹶﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﺗ ﻚ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ِﺑ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﺑِﺘ ‪‬ﻐﺂ َﺀ‪ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ َﻷﺟ‪ِ‬ﻠ ِﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻣِـ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﻑ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ .‬ﻭِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔﻌ‪‬ـﻮ ِﻝ َﻷﺟ‪‬ﻠِـ ِﻪ ﺷ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮﻭﻁﹲ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻄﻠﹶـ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ﻭﻑٍ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﹶـﺎ ‪‬‬
‫)‪(١‬‬
‫ﺕ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻄﻮ‪‬ﻻﹶ ِ‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻼ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﺙ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷﺎﺭﻛﻪ‪ :‬ﻭﻗﺘﺎ ﻭﻓﺎﻋﻼ‪.‬‬

‫)‪(٧١‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫‪     ‬‬

‫‪‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪‬ﺼ‪‬ﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﻳ‪‬ﺬﹾ ﹶﻛﺮ‪ِ ‬ﻟ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻓﹸ ِﻌ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ﻞﹸ؛ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـﻮ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒﺮ‪ ‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺨ‪‬‬‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ﺍ َﻷ ِﻣﲑ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺶ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻮﻯ ﺍ ﹶﳌﺂﺀُ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬‫ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪‬ﻢ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺗ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻡ ِﺫﻛﹾﺮ‪‬ﻫ‪ ‬ﻤﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪‬ﻓﹸﻮﻋ‪‬ـﺎﺕِ‪،‬‬
‫ﻚ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺑﻊ‪ ‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺗ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻣﺖ‪ ‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻙ‪.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ﹶﺬِﻟ ‪‬‬

‫‪ (        ‬‬ ‫) ‪ ‬‬

‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﱠﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳﺬﹾ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻟ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﻥ ‪‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﹸﻓ ِﻌ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟﹾ ِﻔﻌ‪ ‬ﹸﻞ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮ ﹶﻝ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬
‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬‬
‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﻨ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺮﻁﹸ ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻘﹶـ ‪‬ﻊ‬ ‫ﺼﺎ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﺒِﺘ ‪‬ﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬‫ﺕ ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ﹸﻓ ِﻌ ﹶﻞ ﺍﻟ ِﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹸﻞ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬‬‫ﺏ ﺍﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ‪‬ﻳﺬﹾ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮ ِﻟ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴﺎ ِﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﱠﺍ ِ‬‫ﺼﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﺟﺂ َﺀ ﺍ َﻷ ِﻣﲑ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾﺠ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺶ‪ (‬ﻓــ ﺟ‪‬ـﺂ َﺀ ﺍ َﻷﻣِـ ‪‬ﲑ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻌ‪‬ـﻞﹲ‬ ‫‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ٍﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ِﻔﻴ ‪‬ﺪﺓٍ ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ‪‬ﻧﺼ‪‬ﺎ )‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻﺒﻪ ﺍﻟ ِﻔﻌ‪‬ـ ﹸﻞ‬ ‫ﺼﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌﻮﻝﹲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﺎ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﻓﹶﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﺠ‪ ‬ﻴﺶ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ﺍ ﹶﳌﻌ‪‬ﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﺠ‪ ‬ﻴﺶ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﺔ( ‪‬ﻭِﺇ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﻛﺎﱠﻟﺬِﻱ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻ ﺳ‪‬ـِﺘ ‪‬ﻮﺁ ِﺀ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﻻ ‪‬ﺭِﺗ ﹶﻔﺎﻉ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺨ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹾ ﹸﻛﻮ ِﺭ ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻮﻯ ﺍ ﹶﳌﺂ ُﺀ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺂ ِﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﻑ ِﺑ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭ ﺍ ‪‬ﺭِﺗ ﹶﻔﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺸ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﺔ‪ِ :‬ﻣ ﹾﻘ‪‬ﻴﺎﺱ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬‫ﺨ‪‬‬ ‫ﺸ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺨ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌﻨ‪‬ـ ﻰ‪ :‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺗ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺂﺀُ ﺣ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻰ ﺣ‪‬ﺎﺫﹶﻯ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﺂِﺋ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ) ‪‬ﻭﺍﺳ‪ ‬ﻢ ِﺇﻥﱠ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ِ :‬ﺇ ﱠﻥ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺪﺍ‬‫) ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺧ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛﺎ ﹶﻥ ‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻮﺍِﺗﻬ‪‬ﺎ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ‬
‫ﻚ ‪‬ﻫﻨ‪‬ـﺎ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﻛﹶـ ﹶﺬِﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻗﺂِﺋﻢ‪ ) -‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻡ ِﺫﻛﹾ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺮ‪ ‬ﹸﻓﻮ ‪‬ﻋﺎﺕِ( ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ‪‬ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﺟ ﹶﺔ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ِﺇ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ِﺓ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻮ ِﻛﻴـ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘ‪ ‬ﻮﺍِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ( ‪‬ﻭ ِﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻨ‪ ‬ﻌﺖ‪ ‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎِﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻄﻒ‪ ‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧﺎ ‪‬ﻙ‪ ) -‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺗ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﺖ‪ ‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻙ( ﹶﻓ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﺣﺎﺟ‪‬ـ ﹶﺔ‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺖ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪﺍ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ِﺇ ‪‬ﻋﺎ ‪‬ﺩِﺗ ‪‬ﻬﺎ ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫)‪(٧٢‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
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‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﺿﺎ ﹶﻓ ِﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺨ‪‬ﻔﹸﻮﺽ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎ ِﻹ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺮ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎ ٍﻡ‪ :‬ﻣﺨ‪‬ﻔﹸﻮﺽ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛﺔﹸ ﹶﺃﻗﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺨ‪‬ﻔﹸﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔﺾ‪ِ ‬ﺑﻤِـﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤﺮ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺎِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺨ‪‬ﻔﹸﻮﺽِ‪ .‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺨ‪‬ﻔﹸﻮﺽ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣ‪‬ﺮ‪‬ﻭﻑ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂ ِﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﹶﻜﺎ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭِﺇﹶﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺴ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂﺀُ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺘﺂﺀُ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺑﻤ‪‬ﺬﹾ ‪‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺬﹸ‪.‬‬‫ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼﻡ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺿﺎ ﹶﻓ ِﺔ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻨﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔﺾ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎ ِﻹ ‪‬‬

‫‪(    ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪    ‬‬

‫) ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺨ‪‬ﻔﹸـﻮﺽ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ( ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺮ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎ ٍﻡ‪ :‬ﻣﺨ‪ ‬ﹸﻔﻮﺽ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼﹶﺛ ﹸﺔ ﹶﺃﻗﹾ ‪‬‬‫ﺿﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﹶﺛ ﹶ‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺨ‪ ‬ﹸﻔﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ ﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ـﺎِﻟ ِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺑ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ) .‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺎِﺑ ‪‬ﻊ ِﻟﻠﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺨ‪ ‬ﹸﻔﻮﺽِ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺿﺎ ﹶﻓ ِﺔ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ِﺑﺎ ِﻹ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤﻴﺢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨ ﹸﻔﻮﺽ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺘ‪‬ﺒ ِﻌﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼ‪‬ـ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳﻮ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍﻟﺘ‪‬ﺎِﺑﻊ‪ ‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺑ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ﹶﺃ ِﺧﻴ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤﺮﻭٍ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺑ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ ‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺾ ﻋ‪‬ـ ِﻦ‬ ‫ﺨﻔﹾـ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺝ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﺨ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬
‫ﺨ ﹸﻔﻮﺽ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺒﻮﻉ‪ِ ‬ﺇﻻﱠ ﺍﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﻝ ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌﹶﻠﻰ ِﻧﻴ‪ِ ‬ﺔ ِﺗ ﹾﻜ ‪‬ﺮﺍ ِﺭ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌﺎ ِﻣ ِﻞ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃﻧ‪ ‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ ِﺑﻤِـﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺇﻟﹶـﻰ(‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻬ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳﺨ‪ ‬ﹶﻔ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤﺮ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫ﺽ ِﺑﺎﻟﹾ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ‪ ).‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﹾ ‪‬ﻤﺨ‪ ‬ﹸﻔﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺾ ِﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬‬‫ﳋ ﹾﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﹶ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻴﺖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻬ‪ ‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋ ِﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮﺱِ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ‪‬ﺮ ِﺓ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹶﻓ ِﺔ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﻦ‪ (‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺳِ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺭﺟ‪ٍ ‬ﻞ ﹶﻛ ِﺮ ٍﱘ ﹶﻟ ِﻘﻴﺘ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺂﺀُ ِﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻜﻮ ِﺯ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺏ‪ (‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‪ ) ،‬ﻭ ِﻓﻲ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺭ ِﻛ‪‬ﺒﺖ‪ ‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ِ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺍﳌﹶـﺎ ﹸﻝ ِﻟ ‪‬ﺰﻳ‪‬ـﺪٍ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﹶﻛﺎﹾﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ِﺭ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻼﱠ ِﻡ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ ِﺑ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ) ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ ﹶﻜﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﹾ‪‬ﺒﺂ ِﺀ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ‬ ‫ﷲ‪ ) .‬ﻭِﺑ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹾ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﺬﹸ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﻠ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭِﺑﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺴ ِﻢ ‪‬ﻭ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺂ ُﺀ( ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬‬‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ‪‬ﻣﺎ‪ :‬ﻧﺎِﻓ‪‬ﻴﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻳﺘ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‪ِ :‬ﻓﻌ‪‬ـﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻓﺎﻋِـﻞﹲ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔﻌ‪‬ـﻮﻝﹲ ﺑِـ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ـ ﹾﺬ‬ ‫‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣﺬﹾ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺬﹸ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻤﺬﹾ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺬﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﹾﻟﺠ‪ ‬ﻤﻌ‪‬ـ ِﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ) .‬ﻭﹶﺃﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ‪‬ﻳﺨ‪‬ﻔﹶـ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻨ ﹸﺬ‪:‬ﺣ‪ ‬ﺮﹶﻓﺎ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻮ ِﻡ‪ :‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‪،‬‬‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻓـ ﺟ‪‬ـﺂ َﺀ‪ِ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻌﻞﹲ ﻣ‪‬ـﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻼ‪ :‬ﺟ‪‬ﺂﺀَ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ( ﹶﻓِﺈ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠﺖ‪ ‬ﻣﹶﺜ ﹰ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺿﺎ ﹶﻓ ِﺔ ﹶﻓ‪‬ﻨﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ ﹶﻗﻮ‪ِ‬ﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ِﺑﺎ ِﻹ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻳﻮ ِﻫ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﹶﻛ ﹶ‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎ ِﻋﻞﹲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯﻳ‪‬ـ ﺪٍ‪ :‬ﻣﻀ‪‬ﺎﻑ‪ِ ‬ﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﻏﹸـ ﹶ‬
‫ﻑ‪.‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺢ‪ ‬ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎ ِﻹﺿ‪‬ﺎﹶﻓ ِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ﹶﺬﺍ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﻮﻝﹲ ﺿ‪ِ ‬ﻌﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺼ‪ِ ‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬

‫)‪(٧٣‬‬
 ‫اﻵﺟﺮوﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺄﻟﯿﻒ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺼﻨﮭﺎﺟﻲ ‪ .‬ﺷﺮح‪ :‬اﻟﺴﯿﺪ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ أﺣﻤﺪ زﯾﻨﻲ دﺣﻼن ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻨِﻲ ـ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺪر ﻟﻠﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﯾﻊ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺤَ‬‫ﺤﻄْﻮَري اﻟ َ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ وﻋﻨﺎﯾﺔ‪ :‬د‪ .‬اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ﺑﻦ زﯾﺪ اﻟ َﻤ َ‬
‫‪www.almahatwary.org‬‬

‫ﻼﻡ‪ ‬ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﻘﹶـ ‪‬ﺪﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﻤِـﻦ‪‬‬ ‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ ‬ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﻫ‪ ‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﻳ‪ ‬ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪﺭ‪ِ ‬ﺑﺎﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﺎ‪‬ﺗﻢ‪ ‬ﺣ ِﺪﻳ ٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻧﺤ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺛﻮ‪‬ﺏ‪ ‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺰ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﺎﺏ‪ ‬ﺳﺎ ٍ‬

‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ :‬ﺗﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﹰﺓ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻨ‪‬ـﻰ ﺍﻟـ ﱠ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻠﻰ ِﻗﺴ‪ ‬ﻤﻴ‪ِ ‬ﻦ( ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻌِﻨﻲ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﺍ ِﻹﺿ‪‬ﺎﹶﻓ ﹶﺔ ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻨ ﹶﻘ ِ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻢ ِﺇﹶﻟﻰ ِﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺪٍ( ﹶﺃﻱ ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬
‫ﻼﻡ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﹰﺓ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺷﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴﻬِ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ِﺑ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻮِﻟ ِﻪ‪ ) :‬ﻣﺎ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ِﺑﺎﻟﻼﱠ ِﻡ ‪‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﻏﹸ ﹶ‬
‫ﺝ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﺎ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺣ ِﺪﻳ ٍﺪ( ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ ﺛﹶ ‪‬ﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻣِـ ‪‬ﻦ ﺧ‪‬ـﺰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺏ ‪‬ﺳﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺏ ‪‬ﺧﺰ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ِﻟ ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻳﺪٍ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻘﺪ‪ ‬ﺭ ِﺑ ِﻤﻦ‪ ‬ﻧﺤ‪ ‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺛﻮ‪ ‬‬
‫ﺿﺎِﺑﻂﹸ ﺍ ِﻹﺿ‪‬ـﺎﹶﻓ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﻚ( ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣِﺜﹶﻠ ِﺔ ﺍﻟ ِﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻴ ِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑﺎﺏ‪ِ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺳ‪‬ﺎﺝٍ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺧﺎ‪‬ﺗﻢ‪ِ ‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺣ‪ِ ‬ﺪﻳ ٍﺪ‪ ) .‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺃﺷ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﹶﺫِﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ " ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ" ِﻟ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪‬ـﺎ ِﻥ‬
‫ﺴﺎ ِﻟ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﻑ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ِﺟ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﱠﻟِﺘﻲ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ " ِﻣ ‪‬ﻦ"‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ِﺇﹶﻟﻴ‪‬ـ ِﻪ‬
‫ﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﺛﹶﺎِﻟﺚﹲ ‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍ ِﻹﺿ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﻓ ﹸﺔ ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ِﻓﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ‪ :‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜﻮ ﹶﻥ ﺍ ﹸﳌﻀ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺠ‪‬ﻨﺲِ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑ ِﻘ ‪‬ﻲ ِﻗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ِ‬
‫‪ ^ ‬ﹶﺃﻱ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮﺑ‪‬ﺺ‪ِ ‬ﻓﻲ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻌ ِﺔ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺷﻬ‪‬ﺮٍ‪ .‬ﻓﹶـِﺈ ﹶﺫﺍ ﻟﹶـ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﻜﹸـ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ‪ & :‬‬
‫ﻑ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻇ ‪‬ﺮ ﹰﻓﺎ ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬
‫ﻚ‪:‬‬
‫ﻼ ِﻡ‪ ،‬ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﹶﻗﺎ ﹶﻝ ﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣﺎِﻟ ٍ‬ ‫ﻑ ِﺇﹶﻟ‪‬ﻴ ِﻪ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻻ ﹶﻇ ‪‬ﺮﹰﻓﺎ ﹶﻓ ِﻬﻲ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨﻰ ﺍﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺴﺎ ِﻟﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ِ‬‫ﻑ ﺟِ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻀ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﺧ‪‬ــﺬﹶﺍ‬
‫ـﱠ‬‫ـ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻳﺼ‪‬ــﹸﻠﺢِ ﺍﻻﱠ ﺫﹶﺍﻙ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟـ‬
‫‪ ‬ﻟﹶـ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﺍﻟﱠﺜﺎِﻧﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﺟ‪ ‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭﺍﻧ‪‬ـ ِﻮ ﻣِـ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ﻓِـﻲ ِﺇﺫﹶﺍ‬
‫‪ ................................. ‬ﺍﱁ‬ ‫ِﻟﻤ‪‬ـــﺎ ﺳِـــ ‪‬ﻮﻯ ﺫﹶ‪‬ﻳﻨِـــﻚ‪....‬ﺇﱁ‬

‫ﺤﺎ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻌﺎﹶﻟﻰ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭﺍ ُ‬

‫‪‬‬
‫‪  ‬‬
‫‪  ‬‬

‫)‪(٧٤‬‬