Singapore National Academy

BIOLOGY YEAR 9
RETEST: Gas Exchange and Respiration

Name Richard Suwandy Date: 12/04/2021

Questions

1 (a) State three ways in which inspired air is different from expired air. [3]

- Inspired air is gas we use for respiring, mostly oxygen while expired air is the gas
that we breathe out which is mostly CO2.
- Inspired air consists of less water vapor compared to expired air.
- Inspired air contains much more O2 than expired air because expired air has much
more CO2 than inspired air.

(b) List three features of gaseous exchange surfaces that help to make them more
efficient.

- They have a large surface area for faster diffusion.

- They are thin in order to achieve faster diffusion.
- They have a good supply of oxygen to increase efficiency.
[3]

(c) Describe how the ribcage is moved during inspiration (breathing in) and explain
how this causes air to enter the lungs.

- As the external intercostal muscles contract, the ribcage moves up and out. This
allows the diaphragm to contract and flatten resulting in the thoraic cavity have an
increased volume. The pressure then decreases and air enters the lungs.
[4]
[Total: 10]

2 (a) State the word equation for aerobic respiration. [2]

- Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water

(b) Show three differences between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration in
humans. [3]

- Aerobic Respiration uses oxygen while anaerobic respiration doesn’t.

- Aerobic Respiration is performed by the muscle cells while anaerobic respiration
does not.
- Aerobic Respiration produces more energy than Anaerobic Respiration

(c) Explain the role of yeast in bread making. [3]

- When the yeast is mixed with the flour, sugar and water to make the dough, the
yeast respires the sugar to produce CO2. This will rise the dough and finally when
the bread is being baked, the yeast is killed off.

(d) Explain the role of yeast in brewing. [2]

- In brewing, yeast respires the sugars to form Ethanol and carbon dioxide. The
ethanol makes the drink alcoholic and the CO2 gives the drink its frizz. In short, the
yeast helps in the fermentation process. [Total: 10]

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