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ADVANTAGES OF CYSTALLOIDS PAGE 204

RATIO 3:1

MIXING WITH PRBCS WILL LEAD TO CLOTTING DU TO THE PRESENCE OF CALCIUM IN SOLUTION]

PAGE 15 TORONTO

Dextrose 5% is a �Maintenance Fluid�. (Dextrose is d-glucose). It is isosmotic as administered and

does not cause haemolysis. The glucose is rapidly taken up by cells. The net effect is of administering
pure water, so it is distributed throughout the total body water

The distribution of 1,000 mls of dextrose 5% is:

� ICF 670mlsP

� ECF 330mls (with ISF 250mls and plasma 80mls).

(The figures are rounded slightly)

Intravascular volume increases from 5000 to 5080 mls. This volume increase of less then 2% which will
not be sensed by the volume receptors (as it is below the 7-10% threshold).

The osmolality of plasma (3,200 mls) will decrease by: [ 287 - (287 x 3.20 / 3.28) ] which is about 7
mOsmoles/l or a 2.5% decrease. This is enough to be detected by the osmoreceptors. ADH release will
be decreased and renal water excretion will rise. A delay will occur because the changes have to be
detected centrally and then ADH levels need 3 half-lifes to fall to a new steady sta
COOLOIDS

PAGE 206

DO NOT NEED BLOOD TYPINGG AND ANTIGEN MATCHING AS WITH BLOOD PRODUCTS
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