WCDMA RAN18 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

WCDMA RAN18 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode
Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 PLMN selection
Used to ensure that the PLMN selected by the UE provides services properly.
 System information reception
The network broadcasts the network information to the UE that camps on the cell. Upon
reception of broadcast information, the UE obtains the network information and takes
actions accordingly.
 Cell selection and reselection
Used to ensure that the UE finds a suitable cell to camp on.
 Location registration
This procedure is used by the UE to report its status to the network. This procedure is of
two types: periodical location registration and the location registration necessitated by
changes in the location area.
 Paging procedure
Used for the network to send paging messages to a UE which is in idle mode, CELL_PCH
state, or URA_PCH state.
 Access procedure
From the view of access stratum, access is the procedure the UE shift from idle mode to
connected mode.



 Typical scenario of first occasion is the first time a new UE is put into use.
 The second occasion is very common.

 Step 1: Slot synchronization

During the first step of the cell search procedure, the UE uses the primary synchronisation
code (PSC) to acquire slot synchronisation to a cell.
 Step 2: Frame synchronization and code-group identification
During the second step of the cell search procedure, the UE uses the secondary
synchronisation code (SSC) to find frame synchronisation and identify the code group of
the cell found in the first step.
 Step 3: Primary scrambling code identification
During the last step of the cell search procedure, the UE determines the exact primary
scrambling code used by the found cell. The primary scrambling code is typically identified
through symbol-by-symbol correlation over the CPICH with all codes within the code
group identified in the second step.
 If the UE has received information about which scrambling codes to search for, steps 2
and 3 above can be simplified.

 Equivalent PLMNs : The Mobile Equipment stores a list of "equivalent PLMNs". This list is
replaced at the end of each location update procedure or routing area update procedure.
The stored list consists of a list of equivalent PLMNs as downloaded by the network plus
the PLMN code of the registered PLMN that downloaded the list.

Order PLMN types Remark

1 HPLMNs Home PLMNs
2 PLMNs contained in the “User Controlled PLMN The PLMNs are arranged in
Selector with Access Technology” data filed in the priority order
SIM excluding the previously selected PLMN
3 PLMNs contained in the “Operator Controlled PLMN The PLMNs are arranged in
4 Other PLMN/Access technology combinations with The PLMNs are arranged in
the high quality of received signals excluding the priority order
previously selected PLMN
5 Other PLMN/Access technology combinations The PLMNs are arranged in
excluding the previously selected PLMN the descending order of
signal quality
6 Previously selected PLMN The PLMN selected by the
UE before automatic PLMN
selection

 The UE can get system information from PCCPCH, and the PLMN information is
transmitted in MIB of PCCPCH.
 After getting the MIB, the UE can judge whether the current PLMN is right one. If so, the
UE will get SIB scheduling information from the MIB; if not, the UE will search another
carrier, do this procedure again.
 The priority order of automatic PLMN selection mode:
Order PLMN types Remark

1 HPLMNs Home PLMNs
2 PLMNs contained in the “User Controlled PLMN The PLMNs are arranged in
3 PLMNs contained in the “Operator Controlled PLMN The PLMNs are arranged in
4 Other PLMN/Access technology combinations with The PLMNs are arranged in
the high quality of received signals excluding the priority order
previously selected PLMN
5 Other PLMN/Access technology combinations The PLMNs are arranged in
excluding the previously selected PLMN the descending order of
signal quality
6 Previously selected PLMN The PLMN selected by the
UE before automatic PLMN
selection

 The MCC and MNC, which are in the PLMN identity of the HPLMN, match the MCC and
MNC in the IMSI of the UE.
 The HPLMN are the PLMNs of which the MCC and MNC are the same as that in the IMSI
of the UE. The HPLMNs are the network that the UE subscribed.
 Except the HPLMNs, the PLMNs that the UE camps on are defined as VPLMNs.
 For the PLMN selection in the VPLMN, a value of T minutes may be stored in the SIM.
Either T is in the range 6 minutes to 8 hours with a step of 6 minutes or T indicates that no
periodic attempts shall be made. If no value is stored in the SIM, a default value of 60
minutes is used.

 When the UE attempts to access the HPLMN or the PLMN with higher priority, the UE
must adhere to the following rules:
 After the UE is switched on, a period of at least two minutes and at most T
minutes shall elapse before the first attempt is made.
 Periodic attempts shall be performed only by the UE in idle mode.
 Only the priority levels of equivalent PLMNs of the same country (which serve as
the current serving VPLMN) can be compared with the priority level of a selected
PLMN.


 System information is used for the network to broadcast network information to UEs
camping on a cell so as to control the behavior of UEs.
 MIB
 When selecting a new cell, the UE reads the MIB. The UE may locate the MIB by
predefined scheduling information. The IEs in the MIB includes MIB value tag,
PLMN type, PLMN identity, reference and scheduling information for a number of
SIBs in a cell or one or two SBs in a cell.
 SB
 Scheduling Block (SB) gives reference and scheduling information to other SIBs.
 SIB
 System Information Block (SIB) contains actual system information. It consists of
system information elements (IEs) with the same purpose.
 Scheduling information for an SIB may only be included in either the MIB or one of the SB.
 UE may use the scheduling information in the MIB and SB to locate each SIB to be
acquired. If UE received an SIB in a position according to the scheduling information and
considers the contents as valid, UE will read and store the SIB.

 SIB4: contains parameters for cell selection and cell re-selection while UE is in connected
mode.
 SIB6: contains parameters for the common physical channels of the cell while UE is in
connected mode.
 SIB8: contains the CPCH static information.
 SIB9: contains the CPCH dynamic information.
 SIB10: contains information to be used by UEs having their DCH controlled by a DRAC
procedure. Used in FDD mode only. To be used in CELL_DCH state only. Changes so often,
its decoding is controlled by a timer.
 SIB12: contains measurement controlling information in connecting mode.
 SIB13: contains ANSI-41 system information.
 SIB14: contains the information in TDD mode.
 SIB15: contains the position service information.
 SIB16: contains the needed pre-configuration information for handover from other RAT to
UTRAN.
 SIB17: contains the configuration information for TDD.
 SIB18: contains the PLMN identities of the neighboring cells.
 To be used in shared networks to help with the cell reselection process.
 SIB19: contains Inter-RAT frequency and priority information to be used in the cell.

 The typical scenarios when the UE read system include the followings :
 Before cell selection
 After cell reselection
 Before location/route update
 When the UE enter idle mode from connected mode
 ……
 A UE stores SIBs with the cell and PLMN or equivalent PLMN area scope (including their
value tags if applicable) for different cells and different PLMNs, to be used if the UE returns
to these cells.


 Camped normally: The cell that UE camps on is called the suitable cell. In this state, the UE
obtains normal services.
 Any cell selection: In this state, the UE shall attempt to find an acceptable cell of any PLMN
to camp on, trying all RATs that are supported by the UE and searching first for a high
quality cell. In this state the UE obtains limited services. For example, UE may originate
emergency call. The UE shall regularly attempt to find a suitable cell of the selected PLMN,
trying all RATs that are supported by the UE.
 Connected mode: After RRC connection setup, the UE changes from the idle mode to the
connected mode (CELL_DCH, CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH state).
 Cell selection of the UE leaving the connected mode:
 When returning to the idle mode from the connected mode, the UE shall select a
suitable cell to camp on. Candidate cells for this selection are the cells used
immediately before the UE leaves the connected mode.
 When returning to the idle mode after an emergency call on any PLMN, the UE
shall select an acceptable cell to camp on. Candidate cells for this selection are the
cells used immediately before the UE leaves the connected mode.
 If no acceptable cell is found, the UE shall continue to search for an acceptable cell
on any PLMN in the state "Any cell selection".

 Initial cell selection: If no cell information is stored for the PLMN, the UE starts the initial
cell selection. For this procedure, the UE need not know in advance which Radio
Frequency (RF) channels are UTRA bearers. The UE scans all RF channels in the UTRA band
according to its capabilities to find a suitable cell of the selected PLMN. On each carrier,
the UE need only search for the strongest cell. Once a suitable cell is found, this cell shall
be selected.
 Stored information of cell selection: For this procedure, the UE has to know the central
frequency information and other optional cell parameters that are obtained from the
measurement control information received before, such as scrambling codes. After this
procedure is started, the UE selects a suitable cell if any. Otherwise, the "Initial cell
selection" procedure is triggered.

 If the pilot strength and quality of one cell meet S criteria, UE will stay in this cell and get
other system information. Then, UE will initiate a location update registration process.
 If the cell doesn’t satisfy S criteria, UE will get adjacent cells information from SIB11. Then,
UE will judge weather these cells satisfy S criteria. If the adjacent cell is suitable, UE will
stay in the adjacent cell.
 If no cell satisfies S criteria, UE will take the area as dead zone and continue the PLMN
selection and reselection procedure.
Parameter Description
Squal Cell selection quality value (dB)
Srxlev Cell selection RX level value (dBm)
Qqualmeas Measured cell quality value. The quality of the received signal indicated in
average CPICH Ec/No (dB) for current cell
Qrxlevmeas Measured cell RX level value. This RX level of the received signal indicated
CPICH RSCP (dBm) for current cell
Qqualmin Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB)
Qrxlevmin Minimum required RX level in the cell (dBm)
Pcompensation Max (UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH – P_MAX, 0) (dB)
UE_TXPWR_M MaxAllowedUlTxPower, Max allowed UE UL Tx Power (dBm)

AX_RACH
P_MAX Maximum RF output power of the UE (dBm)

 Qqualmin
 Content: The minimum required quality level corresponding to CPICH Ec/No. The
UE can camp on the cell only when the measured CPICH Ec/No is greater than the
value of this parameter.
 Value range: -24~0
 Physical value range: -24~0; step: 1
 Physical unit: dB
 Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST
UCELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL.
 Qrelevmin
 Content: The minimum required RX level corresponding to CPICH RSCP. The UE
can camp on the cell only when the measured CPICH RSCP is greater than the
value of this parameter.
 Value range: -58~-13
 Physical value range: -115~-25; step: 2 (-58: -115, -57: -113, ..., -13 :-25)
 Physical unit: dBm

 MaxAllowedUlTxPower
 Content: The maximum allowed uplink transmit power of a UE in the cell, which is
related to the network planning.
 Physical unit: dBm



Name Description
Squal Cell quality value (dB)
Sintrasearch Measurement threshold for UE to trigger intra-frequency cell reselection
Sintersearch Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-frequency cell reselection
SsearchRATm Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-RAT cell reselection

 If Squal > Sintrasearch, the UE need not start the intra-frequency measurement.
 If Squal ≤ Sintrasearch, the UE need to start the intra-frequency measurement.
 If system messages do not contain Sintrasearch, the UE always need to start the intra-
frequency measurement.
 Parameters of the measurement start criteria:
Name Description
Squal Cell quality value (dB)
Sintrasearch Measurement threshold for UE to trigger intra-frequency cell reselection
Sintersearch Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-frequency cell reselection
SsearchRATm Measurement threshold for UE to trigger inter-RAT cell reselection

 If Squal > Sintersearch, the UE need not start the inter-frequency measurement.
 If Squal ≤ Sintersearch, the UE need to start the inter-frequency measurement.
 If system messages do not contain Sintersearch, the UE always need to start the inter-
frequency measurement.

 If Squal > SsearchRATm, the UE need not start the inter-RAT measurement.
 If Squal ≤ SsearchRATm, the UE need to start the inter-RAT measurement.
 If system messages do not contain SsearchRATm, the UE always need to start the inter-
RAT measurement.

 IdleSintrasearch
 Content: A threshold for intra-frequency cell reselection in idle mode. When the
quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this
threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the intra-frequency cell reselection
procedure will be started. This parameter is not configured when its value is 127.
 Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}
 ConnSintrasearch
 Content: A threshold for intra-frequency cell reselection in connect mode. When
the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this
threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the intra-frequency cell reselection
 Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}

 IdleSintersearch
 Content: A threshold for inter-frequency cell reselection in idle mode. When the
quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this
threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-frequency cell reselection
 Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}
 ConnSintersearch
 Content: A threshold for inter-frequency cell reselection in connect mode. When
the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this
threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-frequency cell reselection
 Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}

 SearchRat
 Content: A threshold for inter-RAT cell reselection. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No
measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin]
of the cell, the inter-RAT cell reselection procedure will be started. This parameter
is not configured when its value is 127.
 Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}}


 The intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT measurement criteria are as shown in

the above figure.
 The intra-frequency cell reselection has a priority higher than the inter-frequency cell
reselection and inter-RAT cell reselection, the intra-frequency cell reselection start
threshold should be higher than the inter-frequency cell reselection start threshold and
inter-RAT cell reselection start threshold.
 If the cell reselection threshold is set to a comparatively high value, the UE may frequently
start cell reselections, and the battery of the UE may be largely consumed. If the cell
reselection threshold is set to a comparatively low value, it is difficult for cell reselections
to be started, and the UE may not timely reside in the cells with good quality, affecting the
quality of communication between the UTRAN and the UE. For detailed information, refer
to 3GPP TS 25.304.


 In Rs, s means serving cell. In Rn, n means neighbor cell.

 The offset Qoffset1s,n is used for Qoffsets,n to calculate Rn. The hysteresis Qhyst1s is used
for Qhysts to calculate Rs.
 The UE shall rank the cells according to the R criterion, derive Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s and
calculate the R values, as described in the following cases:
 If a TDD or GSM cell is ranked as the best cell, the UE shall reselect that TDD or
GSM cell.
 If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection
and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP (QualMeas = CPICH_RSCP), the UE shall
reselect that FDD cell.
 If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection
and reselection is set to CPICH Ec/N0 (QualMeas = CPICH_ECNO), the UE shall
perform a second ranking of the FDD cells according to the R criteria specified
above. In this case, however, the UE uses the measurement quantity CPICH Ec/N0
for deriving the Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s and then calculating the R values of the
FDD cells. The offset Qoffset2s,n is used for Qoffsets,n to calculate Rn, the
hysteresis Qhyst2s is used for Qhysts to calculate Rs.

 In all the previous cases, the UE can reselect a new cell only when the following conditions
are met:
 The new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval
Treselections.
 More than one second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.

 QualMeas
 Content: Measurement quantity of cell selection and reselection. It can be set to
CPICH Ec/N0 or CPICH RSCP.
 Value range: CPICH_ECNO(CPICH Ec/N0), CPICH_RSCP(CPICH RSCP)
 Physical value range: CPICH_ECNO, CPICH_RSCP
 Physical unit: None
 Treselections
 Content: If the signal quality of a neighboring cell is better than that of the serving
cell during the specified time of this parameter, the UE reselects the neighboring
cell. It is used to avoid ping-pong reselection between different cells.
 Value range: 0~31
 Physical value range: 0~31; step: 1
 Physical unit: s


 IdleQhyst1s
 Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in idle mode in case the
quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is
related to the slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater
the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter.
 ConnQhyst1s
 Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in connected mode in case
the quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is
the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter .

 IdleQhyst2s
 Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in idle mode in case the
quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH Ec/No. It is
the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter.
 Value range: {{0~20}, {255}}
 ConnQhyst2s
 Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in connected mode in case
the quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH Ec/No. It
is related to the slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The
greater the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter.
 Value range: {{0~20}, {255}}


 IdleQoffset1sn
 Content: Offset of cell CPICH RSCP measurement value in cell selection or
reselection when the UE is in idle mode.
 Physical value range: -50~+50; step: 1
 Set this parameter through ADD UINTRAFREQNCELL / ADD UINTERFREQNCELL,
query it through LST UINTRAFREQNCELL / LST UINTERFREQNCELL, and modify it
through MOD UINTRAFREQNCELL / MOD UINTERFREQNCELL.
 ConnQoffset1sn
 Content: Offset of cell CPICH RSCP measurement value in cell selection or
reselection when the UE is in connected mode.
 Physical value range: -50~+50; step: 1

 IdleQoffset2sn
 Content: Offset of cell CPICH Ec/No measurement value in cell selection or
reselection when the UE is in idle mode.
 ConnQoffset2sn
 Content: Offset of cell CPICH Ec/No measurement value in cell selection or
reselection when the UE is in connected mode.


 To enable cell reselection from UMTS to LTE, the UTRAN must send a neighboring LTE cell
list and reselection parameters to the UE. Based on the information, the UE can perform
neighboring cell measurement and reselection.
 In the UTRAN, the LTE frequencies and their absolute priorities are indicated in SIB19.
Therefore, to support cell reselection from UMTS to LTE, the RNC must support SIB19.
 Enabling or disabling SIB19 broadcasting is controlled by the SibCfgBitMap parameter,
which can be set by using the MOD UCELLSIBSWITCH command on the RNC LMT.

 SibCfgBitMap
 Content: Determine whether some system information blocks are broadcast in this
cell. If the corresponding system information block is selected, then send this
system information block in this cell.
 Value range: SIB2, SIB4, SIB12, SIB18, SIB19, SIB11BIS
 Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSIBSWITCH, query it through LST
UCELLSIBSWITCH, and modify it through MOD UCELLSIBSWITCH.

 SPriority
 Content: This parameter indicates the absolute priority level of the serving cell
when the UE performs cell reselection. The greater the absolute priority level of the
serving cell is, the harder the UE performs cell reselection, the smaller the absolute
priority level of the serving cell is, the easier the UE performs cell reselection.

 NPriority
 Content: This parameter specifies the absolute priority level of the E-UTRA
frequency. The greater the value of this parameter is, the easier the UE reselects a
cell on this frequency, the smaller the value of this parameter is, the harder the UE
reselects a cell on this frequency.
 Set this parameter through ADD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO, query it through LST
UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO, and modify it through MOD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO.

 The absolute priorities of LTE frequencies that are configured for the serving cell must be
different from the absolute priority of the serving cell. In this case, the criteria for
triggering inter-RAT measurement are as follows:
 If some neighboring LTE cells have higher absolute priorities than the serving cell,
the UE measures these LTE cells
 If some neighboring LTE cells have lower absolute priorities than the serving cell,
the UE measures these LTE cells under the condition SrxlevServingCell <= Sprioritysearch1
or SqualServingCell <= Sprioritysearch2
 Sprioritysearch1 and Sprioritysearch2 are determined by the ThdPrioritySearch1 and
ThdPrioritySearch2 parameters, respectively. These two parameters can be set by using
the ADD UCELLSELRESEL or MOD UCELLSELRESEL command on an RNC LMT

 ThdPrioritySearch1
 Content: This parameter specifies the minimum CPICH RSCP value that triggers the UE to
measure cells on low-priority frequencies. That is, subtract the minimum CPICH RSCP
(Qrxlevmin) from the CPICH RSCP of the serving cell. If the obtained number is no greater
than the value of this parameter, UE measures cells on low-priority frequencies. The greater
the value of this parameter is, the easier the UE measures cells for priority-based cell
reselection, the smaller the value of this parameter is, the harder the UE measures cells for
priority-based cell reselection.
 Unit : dB . Value range: 0~31. Actual Value Range : {0~62}, Step : 2
 Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST UCELLSELRESEL, and
modify it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL.
 ThdPrioritySearch2
 Content: This parameter specifies the minimum CPICH Ec/No value that triggers the UE to
measure cells on low-priority frequencies. That is, subtract the minimum CPICH Ec/No
(Qqualmin) from the CPICH Ec/No value of the serving cell. If the obtained number is no
greater than the value of this parameter, UE measures cells on low-priority frequencies. The
greater the value of this parameter is, the easier the UE measures cells for priority-based cell
reselection, the smaller the value of this parameter is, the harder the UE measures cells for
priority-based cell reselection. For details on this parameter.
 Unit : dB. Value range: 0~7
 Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST UCELLSELRESEL, and
modify it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL.


 3GPP TS 25.304 specifies 5 sets of criteria for cell reselection based on the absolute
priorities. However, criteria 2 is used for inter-frequency scenarios, not for inter-RAT
scenarios.
 If there are multiple cells meeting these conditions, the UE reselects the cell with the
highest absolute priority. If there are multiple cells with the same highest absolute priority,
the UE reselects the cell with the highest SrxlevnonServingCell.



 SrxlevnonServingCell is greater than Threshhigh, and the duration exceeds Treselection, the
reselection of UMTS to LTE will be triggered.
 Threshhigh is determined by the parameter ThdToHigh, respectively. The parameter can be
set by using the ADD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO or MOD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO command
 Treselection is determined by the parameter Treselections.

 Criteria 3 is defined by :
 SrxlevnonServingCell is greater than Threshlow, and the duration exceeds Treselection
 SrxlevServingCell has remained below Threshserving,low for a period of time longer than
Treselection, or SqualServingCell has remained below 0 for a period of time longer
than Treselection
 Threshlow is determined by the parameter ThdToLow, Threshserving,low is determined by the
parameter ThdServingLow, these parameters can be set by using the ADD
UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO or MOD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO command.





 ThdToHigh
 Content: This parameter specifies the RSRP above which the UE performs cell reselection from the serving cell to a
cell on the target frequency when the absolute priority level of the target frequency is greater than that of the
serving cell. That is, subtract the minimum required RSRP threshold of the E-UTRA cell(EQrxlevmin) from the RSRP
of the cell on the target frequency, If the obtained number is greater than the value of this parameter during the
interval defined by Treselection, the UE performs cell reselection. The greater the value of this parameter is, the
harder the UE reselects a cell on the target frequency, the smaller the value of this parameter is, the easier the UE
reselects a cell on the target frequency.
 Value range: 0~31.
 Actual Value Range : {0~62}, Step : 2
 Recommended value: 2 (4dB)
 ThdToLow
 Content: This parameter specifies the RSRP above which the UE performs cell reselection from the serving cell to a
cell on the target frequency when the absolute priority level of the target frequency is smaller than that of the
serving cell. That is, subtract the minimum required RSRP threshold of the E-UTRA cell(EQrxlevmin) from the RSRP
of the cell on the target frequency, If the obtained number is greater than the value of this parameter and the
RSCP or Ec/No of UMTS serving cell condition of low-prio-freq reselection is met during the interval defined by
Treselection, the UE performs cell reselection. The greater the value of this parameter is, the harder the UE
reselects a cell on the target frequency, the smaller the value of this parameter is, the easier the UE reselects a cell
on the target frequency.
 Actual Value Range : {0~62}, Step : 2
 Recommended value: 2 (4dB)
 Set this parameter through ADD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO, query it through LST UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO, and modify it through
MOD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO.

 ThdToHighRSRQ
 Content: RSRQ threshold of the target cell relative to "EQqualmin" when the absolute priority of the
target UARFCN is higher than that of the serving cell and cell reselection from the serving cell to a
cell using the target UARFCN is to be implemented. After the cell reselection measurement starts, if
the signal quality of the target cell keeps higher than this threshold during the cell reselection delay
time, the UE will reselect the target cell.
 Actual Value Range : 0~31
 Recommended value: 3
 ThdToLowRSRQ
 Content: RSRQ threshold of the target cell relative to "EQqualmin" when the absolute priority of the
target UARFCN is lower than that of the serving cell and cell reselection from the serving cell to a cell
using the target UARFCN is to be implemented. After the cell reselection measurement starts, if the
signal quality of the serving cell keeps lower than the Ec/N0 threshold for cell reselection towards a
lower-priority cell and the signal quality of the target cell keeps higher than this threshold during the
cell reselection delay time, the UE will reselect the target cell.
 Actual Value Range :0~31
 Recommended value: 3
 Set this parameter through ADD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO, query it through LST UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO, and
modify it through MOD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO.

 ThdServingLow
 Content: CPICH RSCP value of the serving cell below which the UE initiates cell reselection
to a cell on the frequency with lower priority level. The UE measures cells on the target
frequency for cell reselection. Within the interval defined by Treselections, if the CPICH
RSCP of the serving cell is smaller than the value of this parameter whereas the CPICH RSCP
of the cell on the low-priority frequency is high, the UE performs cell reselection.
 Unit : dB . Value range: 0~31. Actual Value Range : {0~62}, Step : 2
 Recommended value: 1 namely 2dB
 ThdServingLow2
 Content: CPICH Ec/No threshold of the serving cell for cell reselection towards the target
cell using a lower-priority frequency. After the cell reselection measurement starts, if the
Ec/No of the serving cell keeps lower than this parameter value and the Ec/No of the target
cell using a lower-priority frequency keeps high during the cell reselection delay time, the
UE will reselect the target cell.
 Unit : dB. Value range :0~31
 Recommended value :2
 Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST UCELLSELRESEL, and modify
it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL.

 Eqrxlevmin
 Content:This parameter indicates the minimum required RSRP of the cell on the target
frequency. During cell reselection decision, the Srxlev is obtained by the RSRP of the cell on
the target frequency measured by the UE minus the value of this parameter. If the Srxlev is
greater than the parameter of the target cell during the interval defined by Treselections,
the UE performs cell reselection to the target cell. The value of this parameter is set during
network planning. The greater the value of this parameter is, the harder the UE reselects a
cell on this frequency, the smaller the value of this parameter is, the easier the UE reselects
a cell on this frequency.
 Unit : dBm . Value range: -70~-22. Actual Value Range : -140~-44. Step : 2
 Recommended value: -70 namely -140dBm
 EQqualmin
 Content: Minimum signal quality of a cell using the target UARFCN. The Squal value is
equal to the UE-measured RSRQ in the cell using the target UARFCN minus this parameter
value. If the Squal value keeps higher than "ThdToLowRSRQ" or "ThdToHighRSRQ" during
the cell reselection delay time, the UE will reselect the target cell.
 Unit:dB . Actual Value Range :-34~3
 Recommended value: -22
 Set this parameter through ADD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO, query it through LST
UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO, and modify it through MOD UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO.

 Treselections
 Content: If the signal quality of a neighboring cell is better than that of the serving
cell during the specified time of this parameter, the UE reselects the neighboring
cell. It is used to avoid ping-pong reselection between different cells.
 Actual Value Range: 0~31; step: 1
 Physical unit: s
 Recommended value: 1, namely 1s


 Location registration is used for the PLMN to trace the current status of the UE. Location
registration ensures that the UE is connected to the network when the UE does not
perform any operation for a long period.
 The UE performs normal location registration in the following conditions:
 After being switched on, the UE selects a suitable cell that belongs to a new LA or
RA. That is, the LA or RA is different from that recorded in the USIM before the
switch-off of the UE.
 The UE in idle mode enters the cell of a new LA or RA.
 CS domain location registration signaling is shown as following :
Normal Location Updating

UE RNC CN Periodic Updating
Initial Direct Transfer IMSI Attach
(location update request) Initial UE Message
(location update request)
Direct Transfer
Downlink Direct Transfer (location update accept)
(location update accept)
。
。
。 Initial Direct Transfer
。 Initial UE Message
(IMSI detach indication)
(IMSI detach indication)

 Periodic location registration may be used to periodically notify the network of the
availability of the UE.
 The value of T3212 is sent by the network to the UE in SIB1. The value of T3312 is sent by
the network to the UE in the NAS messages ATTACH ACCEPT and ROUTING AREA
UPDATE ACCEPT. The value of T3312 shall be unique within an RA.
 T3312 signaling procedure is shown as following :
T3312 is sent to UE in the two following scenarios.
UE RNC CN RA Updating
Periodic Updating
Initial Direct Transfer
(routing area update request) Initial UE Message
periodic RA update timer
(routing area update request)
Direct Transfer
Downlink Direct Transfer (routing area update accept)
(routing area update accept)
UE RNC CN
Initial Direct Transfer
(attach request) Initial UE Message
(attach request) periodic RA update timer
Direct Transfer
Downlink Direct Transfer (attach accept)
(attach accept)

 The system information will contain an indicator indicating whether or not IMSI
attach/detach operation is mandatory to use in the cell. The MS shall operate in
accordance with the received value of the indicator.
 The system information broadcast by a cell contains an indicator, which indicates whether
the IMSI attach/detach operation is mandatory in the cell. The UE shall operate in
accordance with the received value of the indicator. This indicator, however, shall not be
considered in GRPS attach/detach.
 With the IMSI attach/detach operation enabled, if the UE is switched off or its USIM card is
removed during a cell update or URA update, the UE shall send the CN an IMSI detach
message, preventing the CN from initiating a paging attempt towards the UE.
 When the UE returns to the activation state,
 If the UE still stays in the same LA or RA, the UE shall perform a location
registration (LR) request indicating IMSI attach.
 If the UE enters the cell of a new LA or RA, the UE shall perform an LR request
indicating IMSI attach and perform a normal location update.

 T3212
 Content: This parameter indicates the time length of the periodical location update.
Periodical location update is implemented by MS through the location update
procedure. 0: The periodical update procedure is not used. This parameter is valid
only when [CN domain ID] is set as CS_DOMAIN.
 Physical unit: min
 Set this parameter through ADD UCNDOMAIN, query it through LST UCNDOMAIN,
modify it through MOD UCNDOMAIN.
 ATT
 Content: Indicating whether attach/detach is allowed. NOT_ALLOWED indicates
that MS cannot apply the IMSI attach/detach procedure. ALLOWED indicates that
MS can apply the IMSI attach/detach procedure. This parameter is valid only when
[CN domain ID] is set as CS_DOMAIN.
 Value range: NOT_ALLOWED, ALLOWED
 Physical value range: NOT_ALLOWED, ALLOWED
modify it through MOD UCNDOMAIN.


 For CN originated paging:

 In order to request UTRAN connect to UE, CN initiates the paging procedure,
transmits paging message to the UTRAN through Iu interface, and UTRAN
transmits the paging message from CN to UE through the paging procedure on Uu
interface, which will make the UE initiate a signaling connection setup process with
the CN.
 For UTRAN originated paging:
 UE state transition: In order to trigger UE in the CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state to
carry out state transition (for example, transition to the CELL_FACH state), the
UTRAN will perform a paging process. Meanwhile, the UE will initiate a cell update
or URA update process, as a reply to the paging.
 When the cell system message is updated: When system messages change, the
UTRAN will trigger paging process in order to inform UE in the idle, CELL_PCH or
URA_PCH state to carry out the system message update, so that the UE can read
the updated system message.

 Paging type 1:
 The message is transmitted in one LA or RA for idle mode, or in one cell for
CELL_PCH state, or in one URA for URA_PCH state.
 After calculating the paging time, the paging message will be transmitted at that
time.
 If UE is in CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state, the UTRAN transmits the paging
information in PAGING TYPE 1 message to UE. After received paging message, UE
performs a cell update or URA update procedure to transit state to CELL_FACH.
 As shown in the above figure, the CN initiates paging in a location area (LA), which is
covered by two RNCs. After receiving a paging message, the RNC searches all the cells
corresponding to the LAI, and then calculates the paging time, at which it will send the
PAGING TYPE 1 message to these cells through the PCCH.


 The maximum number of UTRAN paging retransmissions for UEs in CELL_PCH state and
URA_PCH state is specified by CELLPCHMaxPagingTimes(BSC6900,BSC6910) and
URAPCHMaxPagingTimes(BSC6900,BSC6910), respectively. The two parameters are set
with the SET URRCTRLSWITCH command.
 Before releasing signaling connections of a UE that is in CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state, the
RNC first sends paging messages to the UE so that the UE enters the CELL_FACH state,
and then the RNC sends an RRC Release Request message to the UE. The maximum
number of times a paging message can be retransmitted to a UE in a paging type 1
procedure is specified by the PCHRRCRelRePagingType1Num(BSC6900,BSC6910)
parameter in the SET URRCTRLSWITCH command. The interval at which the paging
message is retransmitted is specified by the RrcPaingType1Tmr(BSC6900,BSC6910)
parameter in the SET USTATETIMER command.

 The RNC sends paging messages to a UE in the IDLE, CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH state every
2n x 10 ms. n refers to the smaller value of DRXCycleLenCoef(BSC6900,BSC6910)and
DrxCycleLenCoef(BSC6900,BSC6910). The number of paging retransmissions is specified
by MaccPageRepeatTimes(BSC6900,BSC6910).
 RNC sends paging messages for CS services to a UE in the IDLE, CELL_PCH, or URA_PCH
state every 2n x 10 ms. n refers to the smaller value of
DRXCycleLenCoef(BSC6900,BSC6910) and DrxCycleLenCoef(BSC6900,BSC6910). The
number of paging retransmissions are specified by
MaccConvPageRepeatTimes(BSC6900,BSC6910), which only takes effect when
ProcessSwitch(BSC6900,BSC6910): CONV_PAGING_IDENTITY_SWITCH is set to ON.

 Paging type 2:
 If UE is in CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state，the paging message will be transmitted
on DCCH with paging type 2.
 The message will be only transmitted in a cell.
 As shown in the above figure, if the UE is in the CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH state, the
UTRAN will immediately transmit PAGING TYPE 2 message to the paged UE on DCCH
channel.

 Paging Reception Process : When UE stays in idle mode, CELL_PCH or URA_PCH state, the
UE receives paging indicator from the PICH firstly, then reads the paging information on
the S-CCPCH.
 The DRX paging period formula:
 DRX Cycle Length ＝ MAX(2k, PBP) frames
 K is the “CN domain specific DRX cycle length coefficient”, which is broadcasted in
SIB1. The typical value is 6.
 PBP is Paging Block Periodicity , which is 1 for FDD mode.
 The paging period should be 640ms if K is 6.

 Paging SFN formula:

 Paging Occasion (CELL SFN) = {(IMSI div K) mod (DRX cycle length div PBP)} *PBP +
n *DRX cycle length + Frame Offset
 n =0, 1, 2……and the requirement is the calculated CELL SFN must be below its
maximum value 4095.
 Frame Offset is 0 for FDD mode.
 K is the number of SCCPCH which carries PCH, and the typical value is 1.
 The formula cloud be simplified as: SFN = IMSI mod (DRX cycle length) + n * (DRX
cycle length).
 Paging Occasion(CELL SFN) Case :
 One UE’s IMSI = 460010912121001, DRX cycle length = 64 frames, the value of
the paging occasion for the UE is shown as the red point in the above figure, in
these paging occasion(CELL SFN), the UE will read paging indicator from PICH

 SFN is the paging occasion of the UE

 As shown in the followed figure, the UE needs to monitor the frames (paging occasions)
indicated by the red dots, and then decodes the qth PI of this frame.
One DRX cycle
2^K-1 。。。
。。。
0 4095
PI PI 。。。 P I 。。。 PI
0 1 q NP-1

 The timing relationship between PICH and SCCPCH is defined by the above figure,
and the interval is 3 slots duration (2ms, 7680 chips).

 DRXCyclelenCoef
 Content: This parameter is broadcasted on SIB1. This parameter is used when a UE
is in idle mode.
 Physical value range: 6~9
and modify it through MOD UCNDOMAIN.

 PICHMode
 Content: Indicating the number of PIs contained in each frame on the PICH.
 Value range: V18, V36, V72, V144
 Physical value range: 18, 36, 72, 144
 Set this parameter through ADD UPICH, query it through LST UPICH.

 MaccPageRepeatTimes
 Content: This parameter defines the times of retransmission of paging messages. If
the times of retransmission exceeds the value of this parameter, retransmission
stops. For details, refer to the 3GPP TS 25.331 protocol.
 Set this parameter through SET UDPUCFGDATA, query it through LST
UDPUCFGDATA.

 PCHRRCRelRePagingType1Num
 Content:Maximum resending times of Paging Type 1 for releasing UEs in the
CELL_PCH/URA_PCH state. If the UE in the CELL_PCH/URA_PCH state gives no
response to the paging requests for (maximum resending times + 1) times, the RNC
forcibly releases the UE.
 Set this parameter through SET URRCTRLSWITCH, query it through SET
URRCTRLSWITCH.


 The most important difference between idle mode and connected mode is whether UE has
RRC connection with UTRAN or not.
 In idle mode, UE will be identified by IMSI, TMSI or PTMSI and so on.
 In connected mode, UE will be identified by URNTI (UTRAN Radio Network Temporary
Identity), which is the ID of one RRC connection.

 This process may happen in the following typical scenarios:

 Attach and detach
 LA update and RA update
 Signaling connection for services

 UE will transmit the preamble at the access time slot.

 Access frame is composed of two 10ms radio frames, which is divided into 15 access time
slot, and 5120 chips for each slot.
 The PRACH access slots, AICH access slots and their time offset are showed in the above
figure.

 A RACH sub-channel defines a sub-set of the total set of uplink access slots. There are a
total of 12 RACH sub-channels.
 Set Preamble signatures and RACH sub-channel no. through ADD UPRACHBASIC, query
them through LST UPRACH.

 The mapping between access slots and RACH sub-channels

 If UE1 can use all sub channels(0 ~ 11).

 If UE2 can only use sub channels (0~2).
 p-p: time interval between two PRACH preambles.

 For Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, the PRACH resources include access timeslots
and preamble signatures, which can be classified into several ASCs, so as to provide RACH
applications with different priorities.
 The ASCs range from 0 to 7, and the quantity of ASCs is 8. "0" indicates the highest
priority and "7" indicates the lowest priority.
 Set ASC of PRACH through ADD UPRACHASC, modify it through MOD UPRACHASC, and
remove it through RMV UPRACHASC.

 The available PRACH subchannels on a cell is provided in SIB5; this is a parameter denoted
as a 12-bitstring: {B0 B1 B2 … B11}; e.g. {1111 1111 1111} indicates all subchannels are
available.
 The entire PRACH subchannel structure can be viewed as divided into 3 or 4 “sub-
sections”, depending on the AICH timing.
 If the AICH timing = 1 and Tpp = 4*AccessSlots, PRACH subchannels being sub-divided
into 3 sub-sections (red, blue, black)
 To be consistent, the subchannel resources available to a ASC should be the same in each
“sub-sections”. Therefore, 4 bits (equivalent to 4 access slots duration) are used to indicate
the subchannels assignment, and the 4-bit will be repeated 3 times become 12-bitstrings
(converted into decimal and input as “available subchannel control word)
 For example: the 4-bit bitstring = {1010} for ASC0. This bitstring is repeated 3 times to
become {1010 1010 1010} and then AND with the available PRACH subchannels on the
cell à {1010 1010 1010} AND {1111 1111 1111} = {1010 1010 1010} which means PRACH
subchannels {0,2,4,6,8,10} are available for ASC0

 If the AICH timing =0, Tpp is 3*AccessSlots (or 6*normal timeslots), where PRACH
subchannels as being sub-divided into 3 “sub-sections”. In this case, a 4-bit bitstring
(repeated 3 times) is used to indicate the PRACH subchannels assigned to ASCs.

 The access class number is stored in the SIM/USIM.

 Access class 0~9 are allocated to all the users. And these 10 classes show the same priority.
 Access class 11~15 are allocated to specific high priority users as follows. (The
enumeration is not meant as a priority sequence):
 Access class 15: PLMN staff
 Access class 14: users subscribing to emergency services
 Access class 13: public organizations
 Access class 12: users subscribing to security services
 Access class 11: users responsible for PLMN management
 Access Class 10 indicates whether or not network access for Emergency Calls is allowed
for UEs with access classes 0 to 9 or without an IMSI. For UEs with access classes 11 to 15,
Emergency Calls are not allowed if both "Access class 10" and the relevant Access Class
(11 to 15) are barred. Otherwise, Emergency Calls are allowed.

 Set the mapping between AC and ASC through ADD UPRACHACTOASCMAP, modify it
through MOD UPRACHACTOASCMAP, and remove it through RMV
UPRACHACTOASCMAP.

Random Access Procedure

START
Choose a RACH sub-channel from

available ones
Get available signatures
Set Preamble Retrans Max
Set Preamble_Initial_Power
Send a preamble
No AI
Choose a access slot again Check the corresponding AI
Get negative AI
Get positive AI
Choose a signature and
increase preamble transmit power Change message part power by
p-m based on preamble power
The counter of preamble retransmit

subtract by 1, Commanded preamble Send the corresponding
power increased by Power Ramp Step message part
Y Set physical status to be RACH

Counter > 0 & Commanded Set physical status to be Nack
message transmitted
preamble power - maximum on AICH received
allowed power <6 dB
N
Report the physical status to MAC
Set physical status to be Nack
on AICH received
END

 Random access procedure

 1. Derive the available uplink access slots, in the next full access slot set, for the set
of available RACH sub-channels within the given ASC. Randomly select one access
slot among the ones previously determined. If there is no access slot available in
the selected set, randomly select one uplink access slot corresponding to the set of
available RACH sub-channels within the given ASC from the next access slot set.
The random function shall be such that each of the allowed selections is chosen
with equal probability.
 2. Randomly select a signature from the set of available signatures within the given
ASC.
 3. Set the Preamble Retransmission Counter to Preamble_ Retrans_ Max.
 4. Set the preamble transmission power and Commanded Preamble Power to
Preamble_Initial_Power.
 5. Transmit a preamble using the selected uplink access slot, signature, and
preamble transmission power.
 6. If no positive or negative acquisition indicator (AI  +1 nor –1) corresponding to
the selected signature is detected in the downlink access slot corresponding to the
selected uplink access slot:
 A: select the next available access slot in the set of available RACH sub-
channels within the given ASC;
 B: select a signature;
 C: increase the preamble transmission power and Commanded Preamble
Power by Power Ramp Step, whereas the maximum value of preamble
transmission power is equal to MaxallowedUlTxPower.
 D: Decrease the Preamble Retransmission Counter by one. If the Preamble
Retransmission Counter > 0 and Commanded Preamble Power – maximum
allowed power < 6dB, then repeat from step 5. Otherwise exit the physical
random access procedure.
 7. If a negative acquisition indicator corresponding to the selected signature is
detected in the downlink access slot corresponding to the selected uplink access
slot, exit the physical random access procedure.
 8. If a positive acquisition indicator corresponding to the selected signature is
detected, UE transmits the random access message three or four uplink access
slots after the uplink access slot of the last transmitted preamble. After that, exit
the physical random access procedure.

 When a UE needs network service, it first sets up RRC connection as follows:

 The UE sends a RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message from the cell where it
camps to the RNC.
 The RNC allocates related resources for the UE and sends an RRC CONNECTION
SETUP message to the UE.
 The UE sends a RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message to the RNC. The
RRC connection setup ends.

 T300
 Content: T300 is started when UE sends the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST
message. It is stopped when UE receives the RRC CONNECTION SETUP message.
RRC CONNECTION REQUEST will be resent upon the expiry of the timer if V300
is lower than or equal to N300, else enter idle mode.
 Value range: D100, D200, D400, D600, D800, D1000, D1200, D1400, D1600,
D1800, D2000, D3000, D4000, D6000, D8000
 Physical value range: 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1600, 1800,
2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, 8000
 Physical unit: ms
 Set this parameter through SET UIDLEMODETIMER, query it through LST
UIDLEMODETIMER.
 N300
 Content: Maximum number of retransmissions of the RRC CONNECTION
REQUEST message.
 Set this parameter through SET UIDLEMODETIMER, query it through LST
UIDLEMODETIMER.


 T381
 Content: T381 is started after the RNC send message "RRC CONNECTION
SETUP"(or "CELL UPDATE CONFIRM"). If T381 expire and RNC does not receive
"RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE"(or the response of "CELL UPDATE
CONFIRM") and V381 is smaller than N381, RNC resend "RRC CONNECTION
SETUP"(or "CELL UPDATE CONFIRM") and restart timer T381 and increase V381. If
RNC receive "RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE"(or the response of "CELL
UPDATE CONFIRM"), T381 will be stopped.
 Value range: D0, D100, D200, D300, D400, D500, D600, D700, D800, D900,
D1000, D1200, D1500, D2000
 Actual value range: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1200,
1500, 2000
 Unit: ms
 Set this parameter through SET UCONNMODETIMER, query it through LST
UCONNMODETIMER.
 N381
 Content: Maximum number of resend times of message "RRC CONNECTION
SETUP".
 Value range: D1, D2, D3, D4
 Actual value range: 1, 2, 3, 4
 Set this parameter through SET UCONNMODETIMER, query it through LST
UCONNMODETIMER.



 RrcCause
 Content: This parameter specifies the cause of RRC connection establishment, that
is, the value of the Establishment cause IE in the RRC CONNECTION REQUEST
message.
 Value range: ORIGCONVCALLEST, ORIGSTREAMCALLEST, ORIGINTERCALLEST,
ORIGBKGCALLEST, ORIGSUBSTRAFFCALLEST, TERMCONVCALLEST,
TERMSTREAMCALLEST, TERMINTERCALLEST, TERMBKGCALLEST, EMERGCALLEST,
INTERRATCELLRESELEST, INTERRATCELLCHGORDEREST, REGISTEST, DETACHEST,
ORIGHIGHPRIORSIGEST, ORIGLOWPRIORSIGEST, CALLREEST,
TERMHIGHPRIORSIGEST, TERMLOWPRIORSIGEST, TERMCAUSEUNKNOWN,
MBMSCALLEST, DEFAULTEST
 Set this parameter through SET URRCESTCAUSE, query it through LST
URRCESTCAUSE.

 SigChType
 Content: This parameter specifies the channel type and bit rate for RRC connection
establishment.
 Value range: FACH, DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING, DCH_6.8K_SIGNALLING,
DCH_13.6K_SIGNALLING, DCH_27.2K_SIGNALLING
 FACH: The RRC connection is set up on the common channel.
 DCH_3.4K_SIGNALLING: The RRC connection is set up on the 3.4 kbit/s
dedicated channel.
dedicated channel.
dedicated channel.
dedicated channel.
 Set this parameter through SET URRCESTCAUSE, query it through LST
URRCESTCAUSE.



WCDMA RAN18 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

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WCDMA RAN18 UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

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 Step 1: Slot synchronization

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Order PLMN types Remark

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Order PLMN types Remark

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Squal Cell selection quality value (dB)

Srxlev Cell selection RX level value (dBm)

Qqualmin Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB)

Qrxlevmin Minimum required RX level in the cell (dBm)

Pcompensation Max (UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACH – P_MAX, 0) (dB)

UE_TXPWR_M MaxAllowedUlTxPower, Max allowed UE UL Tx Power (dBm)

P_MAX Maximum RF output power of the UE (dBm)

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 The intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT measurement criteria are as shown in

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 In Rs, s means serving cell. In Rn, n means neighbor cell.

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Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission