Pipelines are used to transport a variety of gases and :.

]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٢٧[

liquids to their destinations. Most fluids contain

small amounts of water and hydrogen sulfide or

.other substances which are harmful to the steel pipe

The fluids may contain compounds which stick to

the pipe wall, or may contain sand and other debris

that stay inside the pipeline. All of these result in

corrosion of the pipeline and reduce flow through

the line or contamination of the fluid being

transported. For these reasons a scraper is used to

.clean the pipeline

The scraper is a device which is inserted into a

pipeline, pushed to the other end of the line by a

pressurized gas or liquid and then removed from the

pipeline. The scraper is designed to pass through

bends, valves, and other equipment found in piping

.systems

Since the uncoated transfer lines have been in use :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٢٩[

.for a time, scale and sludge build up inside the pipe

This buildup holds up the flow of water. Scale and

sludge must be removed to keep the water flow

from being restricted and the pipeline from being

damaged. Scrapers remove the scale and sludge

FUNCTION AND PARTS OF SCRAPEA :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٢٩[

,Scrapers clean out pipelines. As the scraper travels

scrapes and cleans the inside of the pipe. Scrapers

.are made to fit different sized pipes

 A scraper has a steel body, front and rear cups, and

one or more sets of brushes depending on the size

of the scraper. A rubber seal around the cups forms

a seal in the pipeline. Pressurized water against the

.cups moves the scraper along the pipeline

FUNCTION AND PARTS OF SCRAPER :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٣٠[

LAUNCHER

The scraper launcher places the scraper into the

.saltwater injection pipeline that is to be scraped

The main parts of the scraper launcher are the

launcher barrel

kicker valve

drain valve

vent valve

pressure relief valve

scraper outlet valve

NCTION AND PARTS OF THE :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٤٢[

SCRAPER RECEIVER

The scraper receiver receives a scraper from

pipeline. The scraper is unloaded from the pipeline

.at the scraper receiver

The main parts of the scraper receiver are the

O receiver barrel

I vent valve

drain valve

pressure relief valve

 pressurizing valve

SCraper indicator

SCraper inlet valve

pressure indicator

SCRAPING OPERATION AND SAFETY :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٤٢[

REQUIREMENTS

Because of the long distance between the scraper

launcher and the scraper receiver, launching

operators and receiving operators are involved in the

SCraping operation. lhese twO groups communicate

.by two-way radio

Launcher Operation

While operating the launcher, the operator will

visually check the launcher barrel for leaks. If leaks

are found and cannot be corrected, they are reported

.to the supervising operator

The launcher is emptied, depressurized, and one :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٤٣[

,A scraper is inserted into the launcher barrel

pene

The

launcher is then closed, and the scraper is launched

The launching operator then tells the receiving

operator that the scraper has been launched and to

.prepare for its arrival

The scraper is detected as it travels along the

pipeline by indicators. When a scraper passes an

indicator, the indicator sends a signal to the control

 room of the receiving station to mark the progress

.of the scraper through the pipeline

he indicators must be checked for correct :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٤٣[

.operation and reset after the scraper passes them

There are two types of indicators, the type-1

.indicator and the type-2

To check the type-1 indicator, place a metal bar into

-the slots on the indicator cover and move counter

clockwise until the cover is free. Check that the

.wiring is clean and dry and then retighten the cover

Type-1 Indicator :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٤٧[

To check the type-2 indicator, lift off the cover. Trip

the indicator by pushing the limit switch against the

trigger mechanism. When the trigger is released, it

sends a signal to the UWSS control room. The

UWSS operator watches to see if the indicator and

the electronic alarm are working correctly. The

UWSS will tell you if a fault is found. Report any

.fault to your supervisor

Receiver Operation :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٥٣[

While operating the receiver, the receiving operator

checks the receiver barrel for leaks. If leaks are

.found, he reports them to the supervising operator

After the scraper docks inside the receiver barrel, the :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٥٤[

receiver barrel is depressurized and opened. The

scraper and any scale formation or sludge is

removed. The barrel is then closed, and the scraper

 .receiver is isolated

Operation of the valves on the scraping system is

the responsibility of the launching and receiving

stations; however, the well services operator should

.know the locations and functions of all valves

Sometimes it is necessary to replace the receiver

barrel cap (door) seal. This requires two or more

operators. One operator takes the end of the new

seal and presses it into the seal groove. He presses in

a section about two feet long and holds it. The

.second operator does the same with the next section

They repeat, in turn, until the seal groove is

.completely filled with the seal

Safety Precautions :. ]‫ هـ‬١٤٤٣/١/٢٥ ,‫ ص‬٤:٥٥[

ke certain

When scraping a pipeline, you

Jf and

yourse

safety

precautions to avoid injuries to

.damage to the equipment

You must wear chemical handling cothes when

.receiving a scraper

are

Check that the launcher and receiver barre

.depressurized before opening the doors

Check the crane shackles for cracks in the metal and

bent pins. Check the wire slings for frayed wire and

.damaged sleeves

Use the correct crane hand signals when directing

the crane operator loading and unloading the

Scraper. Refer to unit 3 for crane operation hand

.Signals

.Secure the slings to the scraper and crane correctly

Shackle lugs are located on the steel body of the

.scraper

Shackles and slings are fastened to the shackle lugs

and the sling is fastened to the crane hook. One or

two slings are used depending on the number of

.shackle lugs on the scraper and weight of scraper

,When loosening the UWSS receiver door clamp

you must loosen both clamp bolts at the same time

.to prevent damage to the clamp