O MCQs Corner Extracted from NCERT Ssessment is complementary part ofthe leaning process, It gives you a total insight whether the earning outcomes have been achieved or not. After going through the corresponding NCERT Textbook chapter, attempt these questions in exam ike environment. Give yourself four marks for corect answer and deduct one mark for wrong answer A table is given at the end, that will help you plan your next step. Introduction - Which of the following statement is not true? (a) Electrostatic force is a conservative force. (b) Potential energy of charge q at a point is the work done per unit charge in bringing a charge from any point to infinity. () Spring force and gravitational force are conservative force. (4) Both (a) and (c). 2. This question contains Statement-1 and Statement-2. Of the four choices given after the statements, choose the one that best describes the two statements. Statement-1: For a charged particle moving from point P to point Q, the net work done by an electrostatic field on the particle is independent of the path connecting point P to point 0. Statement-2: The net work done by a conservative force on an object moving along a closed loop is zero. (a) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false (b) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is the correct explanation of Statement- (©) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not the correct explanation of Statement- (A) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true, H Electrostatic Potential 3. 1 volt is equivalent to newton newton © Second © coulomb joule (a) Soule 8 ae | 4, The work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinite distance to a point at distance x from a positive charge Q is W. Then the potential @ at that point is (d) Wa m @ @ wow @t All the Best! ¢> Potential due to a Point Charge 5. 6. 10. ‘The potential at a point due to a charge of 5 x 10” C located 10 cm away is (a) 35x10°V (b) 3.5% 10°'V (9 45x 10'V (a) 45«10°V In the question number 5, work done in bringing a charge of 4 x 10°° C from infinity to that point is (a) 24x 10%) (b) 18x10“ (©) 3.2% 105) (a) 4.1 «1077 “The electric field intensity at a point P due to point charge q kept at point Q is 24 N C and the electric Potential at point P due to same charge is 12 J C. ‘The order of magnitude of charge q is (a) 10°C (b) 107 (©) 10"%C (@) 10°C Two points A and B are located in diametrically opposite directions of a point charge of +2 UC at distances 2 m and 1 m respectively from it. The potential difference between A and Bis fa) 3x10°V (&) 6x 10tV. (c) -9x 10°V (d) -3x 10° V A charge +q is placed at the” fa10, 5) origin O of x-y axes as shown in the figure. The work done in te he aking a charge Q from A to B —7| ta along the straight line AB is, 4Q ( a-b ) (a) ab (b) Amey el gQ (bt © aneglae ( As per the diagram a point charge + is placed at the origin O. Work done in taking 4 another point charge ~Q from the point A [coordinates (0, a)] to another point B [coordinates (a, 0)] along the straight line © B AB is52 EZ) Potential due to an Elect Dipole LL, The electric field and the potential of an electric dipole vary with distance ras (@) 1a (b) a and = 1 © sandy 12. The ratio of electric potential due to an electric dipole in the end on position to that in the broad side on position for the same distance from it, is @= 2 ©1 (@) zero 13. Which of the following is not true? (a) Fora point charge, electrostatic potential varies as Wr. (b) For a dipole, the potential depends on the magnitude of position vector and dipole moment vector. (©) The potential of an electric dipole varies as Vr at large distance. (a) For a point charge, the electrostatic field varies as Ur? 14, The distance between H’ and Cl ions in HCl molecules is 1.38 A. The potential due to this dipole at a distance of 10 A on the axis of dipole is @ 21V (b) 18V (© 02V @) 12V 15. Four points a, b, cand d are set at a ‘equal distance from the centre of a dipole as shown in the figure. ‘The magnitudes of electrostatic potential V,, V,, V.and V, would satisfy the following relation (a) V,>V,>V.>Vy (b) V,>V,=Vy>V, ( V,=V.>V,=V, @) Vy=Vy>V,>V, Potential due to a System of Charges 16. Figure shows the field lines ‘of a positive point charge. ‘The work done by the field in moving a small positive charge from Q to Pis (a) zero (b) positive WE a ‘Wb Objective NCERT at your Fingertips (©) negative (@) data insufficien 17. Figure shows the field lines of a point negative charge. In going from B to A, the kinetic We — ome energy of a small negative charge will “d. Ne (a) rease Y (b) decrease (c) remain constant (d) data insufficient. 18 ‘Two tiny spheres carrying charges 1.8 uC and 2.8 UC are located at 40 cm apart. The potential at the mid-point of the line joining the two charges is (a) 3.8.x 10'V (b) 2.1 x 10° V () 43x 108V (a) 3.6 x 10° V 19. In the question number 18, the potential at a point 20.cm from the mid-point of the line joining the two charges in a plane normal to the line and passing through the mid-point is (a) 15x 10°V (b) 42x 10°V (© 29x 10'V () 37x 10°V 20. Four equal charges q each are placed at four corners, of a square of side a each. Work done in carrying a charge -q from its centre to infinity is 2 2 o 2 6 4 o£ Tega Teja Teja 21. Accube of side x has a charge q at each of its vertices. ‘The potential due to this charge array at the centre of the cube is (a) zero 44 ) 24 ® 3ne,x = Vane,x 34 24 © tree © Gna 22. A hexagon of side 8 cm has a charge 4 \tC at each of its vertices, The potential at the centre of the hexagon is (@) 27x 10°V (b) 72x 10"'V (©) 25x10? Vv (@) 34x 10°V BX Equipotential Surfaces 23, Consider a uniform electric field in the z-direction. ‘The potential is a constant (a) for any x for a given 2 (b) for any y for a given z (©) on the x-y plane for a given 2 (@) all of these. 24, Equipotential surfaces (a) are closer in regions of large electric fields compared to regions of lower electric fields (b) will be more crowded near sha conductor caPhysics | Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance (©) will always be equally spaced (4) both (a) and (b) are correct. In a region of constant potential (a)_ the electric field is uniform. (b) the electric field is zero (c)_ there can be no charge inside the region (A) both (b) and (¢) are.correct. 26. Which of the following statements is true about the relation between electric field and potential? (a) Electric field is in the direction in which the potential decreases steepest. (b) Magnitude of electric field is given by the change in the magnitude of potential per unit displacement normal to the equipotential surface at that point. (©)_Intheregionofstrongelectric field, equipotential surfaces are far apart. (a) Both the statements (a) and (b) are correct. 27, What is the angle between electric field and equipotential surface? (a) 90° always (b) 0° always (©) 0° to 90° (€) 0° to 180° 28, The work done to move a unit charge along an equipotential surface from P to Q 25. (a) must be defined as -feai (b) is zero f (c) can have a non-zero value (4) both (a) and (b) are correct. 29. The top of the atmosphere is about 400 KV with, respect to the surface of earth, corresponding to an electric field that decreases with altitude. Near the surface of earth the field is about 100 Vm", but still don't get an electric shock, as we set out of our houses in to open because (assume the house is free from electric field) (a) our body is a perfect insulator (b) our body and ground form an equipotential surface (©) the original equipotential surfaces of open air remain same (d)_ none of these. 30. A hollow conducting sphere is placed in an electric field produced by point charge placed at P as shown in figure, Let Vy» Vy Vo be the potential at point A, B and C respectively, then (a) Vo>Vp (b) Vy>Vy (© Vs Ve @ Vn=Ve 53 31. The work done in carrying a charge q once round a circle of radius a with a charge Q at its centre is 4Q 42 HG © oa © Gig @ wo i Potential Energy of a System of Charges 32. A test charge is moved from lower potential point toa higher potential point. The potential energy of test charge will (a) remain the same (0) decrease (b) increase (d) become zero 33. A system consists of two charges 4 MC and -3 uC with no external field placed at (-5 cm, 0, 0) and (5 cm, 0, 0) respectively. The amount of work required to separate the two charges infinitely away from each other is (a) -11J () 2) © 25) (@) 3) 34, Two charges of magnitude 5 ‘nC and -2 nC, one placed at points (2 em, 0,0) and (xem, 0,0) in a region of space, where there is no other external field. Ifthe electrostatic potential energy of the system is -0.5 J. The value of x is (a) 20cm (b) 80cm (c) 4em () 16cm 35. Ina quark model of elementary particles, a neutron ismade of one up quark of charge ~¢ and two down quark of charges (-4e}: If they have a triangle configuration with side length of the order of 107 m, The electrostatic potential energy of neutron in MeV is (a) 7.68 (b) -5.21 (©) -048 (4) 9.34 B® Potential Energy in an External Field 36. Which among the following 1 statements is true about the 2 work done in bringing a unit positive charge from point P w/ to Qin an electrostatic field? (a) Minimum work is done ‘@ in case of path I (b)- Maximum work is done in case of path I. (©) Work done is same in all the three paths. (@)_ Work done is zero in case of path I 37. An electric dipole of moment P is placed in a uniform electric field &. Then (i) the torque on the dipole is p x E. (ii)_ the potential energy of the system is p-E. (iii) the resultant force on the dipole is zero,54 Choose the correct option. (a) (@, Gi) and (iii) are correct. (b) @) and (ii) are correct and (ii) is wrong, (©) Only (i) is correct. (2) (i) and (i) are correct and (iii) is wrong, 38. A molecule of a substance has a permanent electric dipole moment of magnitude 10™ Cm, A mole of this substance is polarised by appl electrostatic field of magnitude 10 ‘The direction of field is changed by an angle 60°. The heat released by the substance in aligning its dipole along the new direction of the field is @) 6) 0) 3) © 3) @ 6) 39. An electric dipole of length 20 cm having +3 x 10°C charge placed at 60° with respect to a uniform electr field experiences a torque of magnitude 6 N m. The potential energy of the dipole is (@) 235 (b) sv3 5 © -3V25 (a) 3V55 Electrostatics of Conductors 40. If a conductor has a Potential V # 0 and there are no charges anywhere else outside, then @) there must be charges on the surface or inside itself. (b) there cannot be any charge in the body of the conductor. (©) there must be charges only on the surface. (4) both (a) and (b) are correct. Which of the following statements is false for a perfect conductor? (a) Thesurface of the conductor is an equipotential surface, (b) The electric field just outside the surface of a conductor is perpendicular to the surface. (©) The charge carried by a metallic sphere is always uniformly distributed over its surface. (d) None of these. Consider two conducting spheres of radii R, and R, with R, > R,, Ifthe two are at the same potential, and the larger sphere has more charge than the smaller sphere, then (a) the surface charge density of smaller sphere is Jess than that of larger sphere. (b) the surface charge density of smaller sphere is more than that of larger sphere, (©) both spheres may have same surface charge density, (d)_none of these, ‘Two metal spheres, one of radius R and the other of radius 22, both have same surface charge density 0. If they are brought in contact and separated, then the new surface charge densities on each of the sphere are respectively 4L. 42. 43. WEG: Objective NCERT at your Fingertips Dielectrics and Polarisation 44, Which among the following is an example of polar molecule? @) 0, (b) Hy (©) N, 45. Choose the correct statement. (a) Polar molecules have permanent electric dipole moment. (b) CO, molecule is a polar molecule. (©) H,0 isa non-polar molecule. (d) HCI 1 (d) The dipole field at large distances falls of as +. 46. Dielectric constant for a metal is (a) zero (b) infinite ©. (d) 10 47. When air is replaced by a dielectric medium of constant K, the maximum force of attraction between two charges separated by a distance (@) increases K times (b) remains unchanged (c) decreases K times (d) increases 2K times. Capacitors and Capacitance 48, Metallic sphere of radius R is charged to potential V. ‘Then charge q is proportional to @ Vv ) R (©) both Vand R (d) none of these. 49. A spherical capacitor consists of two concentric spherical conductors, held in position by suitable insulating supports as shown in figure. ‘The capacitance C, of this spherical capacitor is ne, Ane, (r, —1) @ — oo) ee nh (c) Ae (@) (y-n) Ane (r =") ane yin 50, Two charged conducting spheres of radii @ a are connected to each other by a electric fields at the surfaces lb ire. The ratio of of two spheres is oF m2 gf ge b a ¥ a ‘The magnitude of electric field E in the annul reyion of a charged cylindrical capacitor (a) is the same throughout igher near the outer ¢ inner cylinder 51. ar ylinder than near thePhysics | Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance (©) varies as axis » where ris the distance from the (@) varies as 4 ais, » where ris the distance from the 52. A cylindrical capacitor has two co-axial cylinders ‘of length 20 cm and radii 1.5 em and 1.6 cm, The Outer cylinder is earthed and inner cylinder is given a charge of 4 UC. The capacitance of the system is (neglect end effects) (a) 28x 10°F (b) 4.2.x 10 F () 17x 10 FE (@) 34x 107 B The Parallel Plate Capacitor 53. Ina parallel plate capacitor, the capacity increases iff (a) area of the plate is decreases (b) distance between the plates increases (©) area of the plate is increases (A) dielectric constant decreases 54. A parallel plate capacitor has two square plates with equal and opposite charges. The surface charge densities on the plates are +o and ~c respectively. In the region between the plates the magnitude of the electric field is o o da ® F © 0 (a) none of these. 55. A parallel plate air capacitor is charged to a potential difference of V volts. After disconnecting the charging battery the distance between the plates of the capacitor is increased using an insulating handle. As a result the potential difference between the plates (a) increases (b) decreases (©) does not change (4). becomes zero, 56. A parallel plate capacitor is charged and then isolated, The effect of increasing the plate separation con charge, potential, capacitance respectively are (a) constant, decreases, decreases (b) increases, decreases, decreases (©) constant, decreases, increases (@) constant, increases, decreases. 57. A parallel plate capacitor is K connected to a battery as -—{"! shown in figure. Consider two situations (i) Key K is kept closed | c andplatesofcapacitors |] are moved apart using insulating handle (ii) Key K is opened and plates of capacitors are moved apart using insulating handle, 58, 59, 61. 62. 63. 55 Which of the following statements is correct? (a) In (i), Q remains same but C changes. (b) In (ii) V remains same but C changes. (©) In (i) V remains same and hence Q changes. (d)_ In (ii) both Q and V changes. Effect of Dielectric on Capacitance If dielectric constant and dielectric strength be denoted by K and X respectively, then a material suitable for use as a dielectric in a capacitor must have (a) high K and high X_(b) high K and low X (©) low K and high X (d) low K and low X. A parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates has a capacitance of 10 pE. The capacitance, if the distance between the plates is reduced by half and the space between them is filled with a substance of dielectric constant 4 is (a) 80pF (b) 96pF (c) 100pF (d) 120 pF ‘The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air as medium is 3 UF. With -the introduction of a dielectric medium between the plates, the capacitance becomes 15 4. The permittivity of the medium is (a) 5C?N* m? (b) 152m? (c) 0.44 x 10° C2 Nt m™ (@) 8.854 x 10" CN“ A parallel plate capacitor having area A and separated by distance d is filled by copper plate of thickness b. The new capacity is @ (b) 20 A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance § AF and Plate separation 6 cm is connected to a 1 V battery and charged. A dielectric of dielectric constant 4 and thickness 4 cm is introduced between the plates of the capacitor. The additional charge that flows into the capacitor from the battery is () 2uC (b) 3uC ©) SHC @) IONE A slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area 4 as the plates ofa parallel plate capacitor, and has thickness a). where dis the separation 4 of the plates. The change in capacitance when the slab is inserted between the plates is @ ¢ ‘ot (Ke?) 0) c=f0A (2K d \K+3 d aK © caBtt( ) (a) *(25) d \K+3 d \K+356 64, A parallel plate air capacitor has a capacitance C. When it is half filled (along the length of one plate) with a dielectric of dielectric constant 5, the percentage increase in the capacitance will be (a) 400% (b) 66.6% () 33.3% (a) 200% A capacitor is made of two circular plates of radius R each, separated by a distance d << R, The capacitor is connected to a constant voltage. A thin conducting disc of radius r << R and thickness {<< ris placed at the centre of the bottom plate. Find the minimum voltage required to lift the disc if the mass of the dise is m. a gd mgd mg oy Eo fase cay feet Ter ney te, me, Combination of Capacitors 65. 66. A network of four 20 LF capacitors r—t is connected to a 600 V supply as 7 shown in the igure. The equivalent 1... G: capacitance of the network is : (@) 30.26 uF g (b) 20 nF ton (© 2667 uF aI (@) opr 67. In the question number 66, the charge on capacitors C, and C, are (@) 4x 107,12 10°C (b) 6x 10°C, 12x 107 (©) 2x10°C,4x 10°C (@) 3x 10°C,2« 10°C ‘The charge on 3 UF capacitor shown inthe figure is iit 2uF SHR GaP Lj, | lov (@) 2mC (b) 10H |) 6HC (4) BUC Minimum number of capacitors exch of 8 UF and 250 V used to make a composite capacitor of 16 UF and 1000 V are @) 8 (b) 32, 16 (a) 24 A capacitor of capacitance C, is charged to a potential V and then connected in parallel to an uncharged capacitor of capacitance C,. The final potential difference across each capacitor will be @ oY. ov (a 1+ 42 q ‘Two capacitors of 2 WF and 4 j4F are connected in Parallel. A third capacitor of 6 UF is connected in series. The combination is connected across a 12 V battery. The voltage across 2 LF capacitor is 69. 70. (b) © al 72. 73. 74. 5. 76. WeEG Objective NCERT at your Fingertips @2Vv (@)8v (@6V WIV ‘Two identical capacitors are joined in parallel, charged toa potential V, separated and then connected in series, the positive plate of one is connected to the negative of the other. Which of the following is true? (a) The charges on the free plates connected together are destroyed. (b) The energy stored in the system increases. (©). The potential difference between the free plates, is2V. (d) ‘the potential difference remains constant. Inthe given kK k; circuit, initially -—¢ * K, is closed and K, is opened. t “Then K, isopened and K, is closed a If gy’ and qy’ are charges on C, and C, and V, and V, are the voltages respectively, then (a) charge on C, gets redistributed such that Mis charge on C, gets redistributed such that = 4 charge on C, gets redistributed such that CM, = 6V,=CV charge on C, gets redistributed such that ay + 4y = 2g. A parallel plate capacitor is made by placing n ‘equally spaced plates connected alternatively. If the capacitance between any two adjacent plates is C then the resultant capacitance is (@ nc w © () (+c (a) (n-)C ‘Two parallel conducting plates of area A = 2.5 m? Soe area each are placed 6 mm apart . and are both earthed. A baa third plate, identical with the first two, is placed at a distance of 2 ‘one of the earthed plates and is given a 1 C, The potential of the central plate is a) 6x10’ V (b) 3x10 V. () 4x10’ V (a) 2x10’ Vv ‘Three capacitors each of capacity 4 AF are to be connected in such away that the effective capacitance is 6 WR. This can be done by (a) connecting them in series (b) connecting them is parallel (c)_ connecting two in series ai (d) connecting two in parallel (b) ) (da) 2mm 1 4m mm from charge of ind one in parallel and one in series.Physics | Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 77. ‘The equivalent capacitance for the network shown in the figure is 1200 ia a) 2 op — cA () or 400 pF 400 pF 1800 1 © SSF aoe? 7180 1300 a) BO pe 7 Coe iG Energy Stored in a Capacitor 78. A parallel plate capacitor is connected across a2 V batteryand charged. Thebattery is then disconnected and glass slab is introduced between plates. Which of the following pairs of quantities decreases? (a) Charge and potential difference. (b) Potential difference and energy stored. (©) Energy stored and capacitance. (@) Capacitance and charge. A capacitor has some dielectric between its plates, and the capacitor is connected to a dic. source. The battery is now disconnected and then the dielectric is removed, then (a) capacitance will increase. (b) energy stored will decrease. (©) electric field will increase. (d)_ voltage will decrease. A capacitor of capacitance 700 pF is charged by 100 V battery. The electrostatic energy stored by the capacitor is (a) 25% 10%) (b) 35x 10%) (©) 25x 104] (a) 35% 104J A. 16 pF capacitor is connected to 80 V supply. When capacitor is fully charged the amount of electric energy stored in itis (a) 45x10) (b) 51x 10% (Q) 25107] (d) 32x10) ‘A capacitor is charged through a potential difference of 200 V, when 0.1 C charge is stored in it. The amount of energy released by it, when it is discharged is (a) 5} (b) 10) (©) 20) = @) 25) ‘A parallel plate capacitor has a uniform electric field E in the space between the plates. If the distance between the plates is d and area of each plate is A, the energy stored in the capacitor is 79. 81. 82. 2 @) dee ) ce © Feat Ad (a) eyBAd 84, 85. 87. 90, 57 ‘A metallic sphere of radius 18 cm has been given a charge of 5 x 10° C. The energy of the charged conductor is {a) 0.2) (b) 06) (c) 12) (d) 24) ‘Two spherical conductors each of capacity C are charged to potential V and -V. These are then connected by means of a fine wire. The loss of energy is (@) zero (b) tev? ©) cv? (d) 20V7 ‘Two condensers, one of capacity C and other of capacity © = ¥ ie C2 are connected to a V volt battery, as shown in the figure. The work done in fully charging both the condensers is @ Lev? &) Aev? © 4 4 jev? @ 20 ‘A parallel plate condenser with a dielectric constant K between the plates has a capacity C and is charged to a potential V volt. The dielectric slab is slowly removed from, between the plates and then. reinserted. The net work done by the system in this process is (a) zero (b) 3ik-vev? ( CK-) K (a) (K-1)CV* ‘Two identical capacitors have the same capacitance C. One of them is charged to potential V, and the other to V,,. The negative ends of the capacitors are connected together. When the positive ends are also connected, the decrease in ‘energy of the combined system is @ Sogn) © Sarg) c © SM-vy ‘The ratio of energy stored in a capacitor and energy dissipated during charging a capacitor with a source voltage is @ tt 1:2 © (a) 1:3 ‘Two capacitors, 3 MF and 4 jt, are individually cchargedacrossa6V battery. Afterbeingdisconnected from the battery, they are connected together with the negative plate of one attached to the positive plate of the other. What is the final total energy stored? (a) 1.26 x 104] (©) 1.26 x 10°) c > © EKyeny (b) 2.57 x 104 (d) 2.57 x 10°}91. Aparallelplate capacitor without any dielectricwithin its plates, has a capacitance C, and is connected to a battery of emf V. The battery is disconnected and the plates of the capacitor are pulled apart until the separation between the plates is doubled. What is the work done by the agent pulling the plates apart, in this process? @ for? w Scr? © cv? @) cv? 2 92. A series combination of n, capacitors, each of value C is charged by a source of potential difference 4V, When another parallel combination of n, capacitors, each of value C,, is charged by a source of potential difference V, it has the same (total) energy stored in it, as the first combination has. The value of C,, in terms of C,, is then @ 20 b) 6 2q nm 22q @ m my 93, What is the energy stored in the capacitor between terminals a and b of the network shown in the figure? (Capacitance of each capacitance C = 1 pF) C (a) 125 py (b) Zero (© 25u) @) sony 94. Consider a parallel plate capacitor with plates 20 cm by 20 cm and separated by 2 mm. The dielectric constant of the material between the plates is 5. The plates are connected to a voltage source of 500 V. The energy density of the field between the plates will be close to (a) 2.65 J/m* (b) (©) 1.38 Jim? 1.95 f/m? (4) 0.69 J/m’. ‘Check your score! if your score is [> 90% J excenenrs PROGRESS olan 4 *This topic is no longer a part of NCERT textbook but {70-61% J] mepiocre! ‘extract more from ths chapter, = Stila wide cope to gun mre rom ths chap Reise again | <60% J} wor sanistactory! - Go back othe chapter and ead it thoroughly WEG Objective NCERT at your Fingertips 95. ‘The total energy stored in the condenser system shown in the figure will be (@) 8 (b) 6p) (©) 2u) (d) 4H) A capacitor with capacitance 5 pF is charged to 5 yC. If the plates are pulled apart to reduce the capacitance to 2 uF, how much work is done? (a) 6.25 x 10°] (b) 3.75 x 10°] (©) 216 x 10%} (4) 2.55 x 10°) 96. Van de Graaff Generator* 97. Which of the following statements is/are true about the principle of Van de Graaff generator? (a) The action of sharp points. (b) The charge given to a hollow conductor is transferred to outer surface and is distributed uniformly over it. (©) It is used for accelerating uncharged particle. (@) Both (a) and (b) are true. 98. Who established the fact of animal electricity? (a) Van de Graaff (b) Count Alessandro Volta (©) Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (4) Hans Christian Oersted In case of a Van de Graaff generator, the breakdown field of air is (a) 2x10°Vmt (b) 3x 10°V mt () 2x108Vm (a) 3x 10'V mt 100. Van de Graaff generator is used to (@) store electrical energy (b) build up high voltages of few million volts (©) decelerate charged particle like electrons (4)_ both (a) and (b) are correct. ~ Move onto the nert chapter, You mastered this chapter Concepts are on your ei fingertip [90-81% I very coop! ~ Move onto the next chapte You havea good command ove ths chapter, 20-71% Wooo Move onto the net chapter Bu dot forgetto revise again aftr 10 days and is sill inthe syllabus of competitive exams.Leite A capacitor of 4 {\F is connected as shown in the circuit. The internal resistance of the battery is 0.5. The amount of charge on the capacitor plates will Ibe dey 25V as 22 (a) 0b) 4uC (©) 16HC (@) SRC A positively charged particle is released from rest in a uniform electric field. The electric potential energy of the charge (a) remains a constant because the electric field is uniform. (b) increases because the charge moves along the electric field. (©) decreases because the charge moves along the electric field. (d) decreases because the charge moves opposite to the electric field. Figure shows some equipotential lines distributed in space. A charged object is moved from point A to point B. a 10V 26v 3ovdov Sov 10vzov' * y 0 w ( (a) The work done in figure (i) is the greatest. (b) The work done in figure (i) is the least. (©) The work done is the same in figure (i), (ii) and (iii). (d) The work done in figure (iii) is greater than figure (ii) but equal to that in figure (i). 4 5. 6 Exemplar Problems This section contains MCOs of ‘NCERT Eremplar Problems’ book The electrostatic potential on the surface of a charged conducting sphere is 100 V. Two statements are made in this regard S, : At any point inside the sphere. electric intensity is zero. S, : At any point inside the sphere, the electrostatic potential is 100 V. Which of the following is a correct statement? (a)_S; is true but S, is false (b) Both S, and S, are false (©) 5, is true, S, isalso true and S, is the cause of Ss; (d) S, is true, S, is also true but the statements are independent. Equipotentials ata great distance from a collection of charges whose total sum is not zero are approximately (a) spheres (b) planes (© paraboloid (@) ellipsoids. A parallel plate capacitor is made of two dielectric blocks in series. One of the blocks has thickness 4, and dielectric constant K, and the other has thickness d, and dielectric constant K, as shown in figure. This arrangement can be thought as a dielectric slab of thickness d (= d, + d.) and effective dielectric constant K. The K is MEL lk5. A&R Corner Directions : In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason, Mark the correct choice as = {@) tf both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. {(b) tf both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion, (@ fassertion is true but reason is false. (@ If doth assertion and reason are false. Assertion : Work done in moving a charge between any two points in an electric field is independent of the path followed by the charge, between these points. Reason : Electrostatic force is a non conservative force. Assertion : The electric field inside a cavity is always zero. Reason : Charges reside only on the outer surface of, a conductor with cavity. Assertion : Electric field is discontinuous across the surface of a spherical charged shell Reason : Electric potential is continuous across the surface ofa spherical charged shell Assertion : For a point charge, concentric spheres centered at a location of the charge are equipotential surfaces. Reason : An equipotential surface is a surface over which potential has zero value. Assertion : Polar molecules have permanent dipole moment. Reason : In polar molecule, the centres of positive and negative charges coincide even when there is no external field. Assertion : Dielectric polarisation means formation of positive and negative charges inside the dielectric, Reason : Free electrons are formed in this process, Assertion : In the absence of an external electric field, the dipole moment per unit volume of a polar oles of a polar dielectric are randomly oriented. Assertion : Two adjacent conductors unequal dimensions, carrying the same positive charge have a potential difference between them. 10. Ml. 12. 1B. M4. Reason : The potential of a conductor depends upon the charge given to it Assertion : The potential difference between the two conductors of a capacitor is small. Reason : A capacitor is so configured that it confines the electric field lines within a small region of space. Assertion : Increasing the charge on the plates of a ‘capacitor means increasing the capacitance. Reason : Capacitance is directly proportional to charge. Assertion ; Capacity of a parallel plate capacitor increases when distance between the plates is decreased. Reason : Capacitance of capacitor is inversely proportional to distance between them. Assertion : If distance between the parallel plates of a capacitor is halved, then its capacitance is doubled. Reason : The capacitance depends on the introduced dielectric. Assertion : Capacity of parallel plate condenser remains unaffected on introducing a insulating slab between the plates, Reason Electric field intensity between the plates increases on introducing the insulating slab. Assertion : Charge on all the condensers connected series is the same. Reason : Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor is inversely proportional to the plate area. Assertion : In a parallel combination of capacitors, the total capacitance of the combination is the sum of capacitance of the individual capacitors, Reason + In such a combination, voltage across each capacitor is same,| i 2. 3: % In a regular polygon of 1 sides, each corner is | at a distance r from the centre, Identical charges are placed at (n = 1) corners, At the centre, the magnitude of electric field intensity is E and the potential is V, The ratio V/E is (a) rm (b) (n= 1) (©) (n= 1)ir (@) rn - yin ‘The potential at a point distant x (measured in im) due to some charges situated on the x-axis is given 20 by Vaa)=: V. The electric field at x = 4 um is given by (a) 2 V pm"! and in positive x direction (b) 72 V ym" and in negative x direction els els (©) 22 V jm" and in positive x direction @ g V wm and in negative x direction. ‘An infinite cylinder of radius ry carrying linear charge density A. The equation of the equipotential surface for this cylinder is fa) renee" (oy re reralr-veor? (©) rane smelY-Mo (@) rane LMM Three charges Q, +q and +qare placed at the vertices of a right- angled isosceles triangle as shown, The net electrostatic energy of the configuration is * zero if Q is equal to =2q oT ©) Te (co) -24 (d) +q Three charges, each + q, are placed at the corners of an isosceles triangle ABC of sides BC and AC = 2a. Dand E are the mid points of BC and CA respectively. The work done in taking a charge Q from D to E is @ #2 a 8me a 4ne ya —" (b) 6. it 8 9. 10. Thinking Corner This section contains Higher Ordor Thinking Skis questions along with Numerical Value Type questions. 34Q 4mega (d) (c) zero Three concentric spherical shells have ra and c (a >d, the potential energy of the system is best given by 1 |_@_ 90% o 24-9] (b) (EE Main) 6. Z 9. ‘Ths section includes previous years’ PIs and JEE Main questions based on NCERT Core Content _1|_a aad (©) [ d | ATE, 2D? : @ 1 [20d] (EE Main) aml d° pt A charge Q is distributed over three concentric spherical shells of radii a, b, c (a < b < ¢) such that their surface charge densities are equal to one another, The total potential at a point at distance r from their common centre, where r < a, would be Q Q abtbe+ca arearb+) = amy abe We +42) Ane, (a? +b +c°) (JEE Main) Four equal point charges Q each are placed in the x-y plane at (0, 2), (4, 2), (4, -2) and (0, -2). The work required to put a fifth charge Q at the origin of the coordinate system will be Zl +4] wo —& ane” V5 2v2ne9 ml) am © 2fut) o & © ane (I ney ‘The given graph shows variation (with distance r from centre) of (@)_ Electric field ofa uniformly charged spherical shell (b) Electric field of a uniformly charged sphere (©) Potential ofa uniformly charged spherical shell (4) Potential of a uniformly charged sphere (JEE Main) When the capacitor is fully charged find the current drawn from the cell. (a) Qatrb+o) © Fee rP +) (@) (JEE Main) 1KQ€ oi 2-354 (a) 9mA (b) 2ma () ma (a) 3mA (als)64 10. Assertion : Charge never flows from 12, 13. 14, a condenser of higher capacity to the condenser of lower capacity, Reason : Flow of charge between two bodies connected by a thin wire is determined by the charges on them, (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason, is the correct explanation of assertion, (b) Both assertion and Treason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion, (©) Assertion is true but reason is false, (@)_ Both assertion and reason are false, (alms) A parallel plate air capacitor has capacity C, distance of separation between plates is d and potential difference V is applied between the plates, Force of attraction between the plates of the p: capacitor is arallel plate air fore) (b) 2d" cy? @ ar (apr) A capacitor is charged by a battery. The battery is Temoved and another identical uncharged capacitor is connected in parallel. The total electrostatic ‘energy of resulting system (a) decreases by a factor of 2 (b) remains the same (©) increases by a factor of 2 (4) increases by a factor of 4 (NEET) A particle of mass m and charge q is in an electric and magnetic field given by B= 21 +3}; B= 4} +6k. ‘The charged particle is shifted from the origin to the point P(x = 1; y = 1) along a straight path. The ‘magnitude of the total work done is (a) (0.15)q (b) 0.35)q (©) (25)4 (d) 54 (JE Main) Figure shows charge (g) versus voltage (V) graph for series and parallel combination of two given capacitors. The capacitances are atu 10VV(volt) (b) 20 pF and 30 wF (d) 40 pF and 10 uP (JE Main) (@) 50 MF and 30 pF (©) 60 uP and 40 nF 16. 18, 19, A solid conducting sphere, havin, MEG Objective NCERT at your Fingertips a charge Q, Is surrounded by an uncharged conducting hollow spherical shell, Let the potential difference between the surface of the solid sphere and that of the outer surface of the hollow shell be V. If the shell is now given a charge of ~4 Q, the new potential difference between the same two surfaces is @ av (b) vo (av (d) -2V (EE Main) A capacitor of capacitance 9 nF having dielectric slab of e, = 2.4, dielectric strength 20 MV m!, and potential difference = 20 V. Calculate area of plates. (a) 2.1 104m? (b) 4.2% 10° m? > ©) 1.4 10% m? d) 2.4% 104m? (©) 14 10% (d) fan Electric field inside the given capacitor with dielectric is E and dielectric constant of material is K. Find charge density on the plates. (Given E = 6 10° Vim, K = 6) (a) 18.3 x 10° Cm? (b) 8.1 x 107 Cim? 4 () 3.18 x 10°° Cm? (a) 3.18 x 10" Ci? (alios) A parallel plate capacitor with air as a dielectric has capacitance C. A slab of dielectric constant K, having same thickness as the separation between the plates is introduced so as to fill one-fourth of the capacitor as shown in the figure. The new ‘é 5 ‘capacitance will be c @ K+y$ () cae c KC © «+E w * Aparallel-plate capacitor any us ofareaA, plate separation} 77> d and capacitance C is ZZ filled with four dielectric 4 materials having | dielectric constants ky, ky ky andl ky as shown in the figure Ia single diclectric material is to be used to have the same capacitance in this capacitor, then its deleteic constant kis given by (0) ke ky ty ky + 3k, (AlMS) LK . 2 () k= 5k + hy +k) + 2k, 2 (EET)Physics | Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 20, 21, 22, 23. 25. A capacitor of 2 [UF is charged as shown in the diagram, When 4 ae at a the switch S is turned eee to position 2, the percentage of its stored energy dissipated is (a) 75% (b) 80% (©) 0% (d) 20% (NEET) ‘Theelectric field inaregion isgivenbby B = (Ax + BY, where E is in NC"! and x is in meters. The values ‘of constants are A = 20 SI unit and B = 10 SI unit. If the potential at x = 1 is V, and that at x = 3 is, Vy, then Vy = V3 is (a) -820V (b) -48.V (©) 180V (4) 320. (EE Main) A uniformly charged ring of radius 3a and total charge q is placed in x-y plane centred at origin. A point charge q is moving towards the ring along the z-axis and has speed vat z= 4a, The minimum value of v such that it crosses the origin is Dye . ye [2(2_9 ny z dg Vim (15 4mega m\5 4nega ita ty? 2 © Bs ‘ } @ EI Ae m (15 anja m\15 dne9a (JEE Main) In free space, a particle A of charge 1 UC is held fixed at a point P. Another particle B of the same charge and mass 4 pig is kept at a distance of 1 mm from P. If B is released, then its velocity at a distance of 9mm from P is [rate tis (a) 9x10°N mcr] ‘ame, (a) 30x 10'm/s —(b) 1.0 mis (©) 15x10? m/s (a) 20% 10° mis WEE Main) A parallel plate capacitor T is of area 6 cm? and ay pee separation 3 mm. The | gap is filled with three —i__i__i dielectric materials of equal thickness (see figure) with dielectric constants K, = 10, K, = 12 and K, = 14. The dielectric constant of a material which when fully inserted in the given capacitor, gives same capacitance would be @) 3 (b) 12 4 (@) 14 (EE Main) “The electrostatic force between the metal plates of an isolated parallel plate capacitor C having.a charge Qand area A, is 27. a6 29, 65 (a)_ Independent of the distance between the plates (b) Linearly proportional to the distance between the plates (c) Proportional to the square root of the distance between the plates (d) Inversely proportional to the distance between the plates. (NEET) ‘A parallel plate capacitor having capacitance 12 pF is charged by a battery to a potential difference of 10 V between its plates. The charging battery is now disconnected and a porcelain slab of dielectric constant 6.5 is slipped between the plates. The work done by the capacitor on the slab is (a) 508 pi (b) 692 ph (©) 560 ph (a) 600 py In the figure shown below, the charge on the left plate of the 10 UF capacitor is -30 4C. The charge on the right plate of the 6 {AF capacitor is 4 aes aX te nF (a) -18 1c (b) -12 uc (©) #12nc (4) +18 uC WEE Man) Voltage rating of a parallel plate capacitor is 500 V. Its dielectric can withstand a maximum electric field of 10° V mr!. The plate area is 10 m?. What is the dielectric constant if the capacitance is 15 pF? (Given : ty = 8.86 x 10°" (@) 38 (b) 85 (JEE Main) () 62 @) 45 (JE Main) A parallel plate capacitor has 1 UF capacitance. One of its two plates is given + 2 wC charge and the other plate, +4 41C charge. The potential difference developed across the capacitor is @3V 2V @5V W@iv (EE Main) ‘The parallel combination of two air filled parallel plate capacitors of capacitance Cand nCis connected to a battery of voltage V. When the capacitors are fully charged, the battery is removed and after that a dielectric material of dielectric constant K is placed between the two plates of the first capacitor. The new potential difference of the combined system is env (a) Vv nv Ken © (IEE Main)66 MCQs Corner 1 () 2 © © ‘WG Objective NCERT at your Fingertips (ANSWER KEY ) . 5 © 6 9 (a) 10. (a) . @) 12 @) © 15. 6 ie e t, a 1 i te @ 20. (b) 21.) 22. @) () 24) 25.) 26 (A) 27. (a) 28, (d) 29. (b) 30. A) 31 @) 32 ©) @) 3M. (@) 38.) 36. (37, () 38 (bh) 3 a) 40. (C) a e a = . HD 45.) 46, 0) 47, 48. (49. 2) 50. (H) c - (c SH. (b) $5. (a) 56. (d) 57, (c) 58, (a) 5% (a) 60. (o) s. ©) 2 © (64. (0) 65. (6) 66. (©) 67. (a) 68. (b) 69. (b) 70. (a) 2 a = e ® 74. (d) 75, (a) 76. (c) 77, (a) 78. (b) 79. (c) 80. (b) pith heater (<) 84. (b) 85.) 86. (b) 87. (a) BB. (c) 89. (a). (A) . - (a) 94. (©) 95, (a) 96. (b) 97, (d) 98. (b) 99. (b) 100. (b) NCERT Exemplar Problems t@2 © 3% © 4 © 5 fa) 6 (©) A & R Corner L © 2 @ 3 & 4 © » © 7% & (a) » (4) BiG). 12.) ase a) ak) as lag ey LN Pe tea Thinking Corner 7 2 |} a is 4 (bt) 5, o. 6 (b) 7 d) 8 (a) 9% (a) 10. (b) Le 5 13. (50) 14. (5) 15. (4) 16. (4) 7 (4) 18. (2) 19. (2.56) 20. (35) Exam Archive L 6) 2 @ @ 4 © 5 () 6&6 ( % (@ & (@ % 1 (d lL (@) 12, (a) (@) 14d) 15. (bt) 16. (b) 17%) 18. (a) 1% =) 20. (b) 21 (©) 22 (a) (d) 24 (b) 25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (d) 28 (b) 29. (d) 30. ) Ly Sy. EXPLANATIONS MCQs Corner 5. (6): Here,q=5% 107 C= 10% 1. (b) Potential, V = — oo xs =45x10°V 2. (c) : Work done = potential difference x charge ancy ot, Vp V,) xq, 6. (b): Work done, W= 9(V;, 4x10 x45 x 10 V, and V, only depend on the initial =18x 104] and tions - et tun aca ; |p - 7 (a) Electric field of point charge, force f the loop is completed, 4 cane Vy-V4=0. ney? No net work is done asthe initial and final potentials are the lectric potential ofa point charge, same, Both the statements are true but statement-2 is not the reason for statement-, 3 4, (b) : The work done in bringing unit positive charge from infinity to a point which is at a distance x from the positive charge Q is defined as the potential atthe given point due to charge Q. OW aol 4mey r TE, i. ‘The distance PQis r= — Rict + Magnitude of charge = 5X 120.5 = 0.667 x 10°C = 19° ow? 0.667 x 10°C = 10°C} Physics | Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 8. (6): Here, q=2 uC =2 x 10% C,r4= 2m y= ane, |r 9. (a): Potential at point A is V, ane, a Potential at point Bis V,=—1- 2 ane, b Work done in taking acta irom A to Bis iS =| ‘| of] W=QV,-¥,) ee tre i ] axe, Cab A(0, a) 10. (a) : Work done is equal to zero because the potential of A and Bare the same Ey a No work is done if a particle does not change its potential energy, ie, *4 initial potential energy is equal to. 0 final potential energy. uu. @) a, 0) 12. (a) : For a dipole, Vea on postion = 2 13. (6) 14, (¢) : Here, 2a= 1.38 x 107m, r= 10x 10 m charge, q = 1.6 x10" C As potential, 4a) Arey? = 9X10? 1.610" 1.3810" oxo =02V a ane, GD) 1. ‘ane, G+ 15. (©) :V,duetog? V, due to q” = Vaso 2 SV, = ) | due to +qand -4=0 Similarly V, = 0 V,=V,>Vp=Vy | 16. (€) :Inmovinga small postive charge from Qo P, work | hhas to be done by an external agency against the electric field. ‘Therefore, work done by the field is negative | 17. (b): Due to force of repulsion on the negative charge, velocity decreases and hence the kinetic energy decreases in ‘going from Bto A. 67 18, (b) : Here, 4, = L8 WC = 1.8 x 10°C, BUC = 28% 10°C AR e+ en 2 — ee oom 020m 4 adm Distance between the two spheres = 40 cm = 0.4 m For the mid-point, pth] 9107.82.10 1 gy n 02 19, (a) : From the figure, potential at P, zg atelier eral smdPO “re, (PB) ey £, at ys Tan a (-PA= PB= (0.2)? +(02F =0.28m) # " ° ‘ama = 9X17U84 28X10 gsy 028 20. (b) : Potential at the centre O of the square due to four ‘equal charges q at four comers am ao Aneg(av2)/2 Rega 21,_(b) : The length of diagonal ofthe cube of each side xis Vix? = x3 ni ++ Distance between centre of cube and each vertex, r= “=> 14 2 Now, potential, V = 1-4 eo ane, Since cube has 8 vertices and 8 charges each of value q are present there 1&4 ane, x3 Vinee 22, (a) + As shown in the figure, O is the centre of hexagon ABCDEF of each side 8 cm, As itis a regular hexagon OAB, OBC, etc are equilateral triangles. + OA=0B=0C=0D )E = OF = 8cm=8x 10? m So, the potential at Ois Vm f= OX9X10" 4 X10 “ey 8x10 23, (a): As the electric field in the z-direction is uniform, equipotential surfaces are in x-y plane. Hence the potential for given zis constant on x-y plane, for any x in this plane and for any y in this plane, So all are correct, FMW) Dawe ance ney ATT Bene) =2.7x10°V68 24, (a): Blectric field, F ic, equipotental surfaces are closer in regions of large electric fields compared to regions of lower electric field. At sharp edges cof a conductor, charge density is more, Therefore elect Held is stronger. Hence equipotential surfaces are more crowded 25. (a): Ina region of constant potential av E -=0 (Ce V= constant) i.e, electric field is zero, so there can be no charge inside the region, 26,_ (4) In the region of strong electric fields equipotential surfaces are close together and in the region of weak electric fhelds, equipotential surfaces are far apart 27. (a): Electric field is always perpendicular to. the equipotential surface at any point. 28. (@): Work done to move a unit cha ‘equipotential surface from Pto Q, 9 w=-JEd ’ ge along an On equpotenial surface E 1 df wel feiopet | 29. (b): Since, our body and the surface of earth, both are conducting, therefore our body and the ground form an equipotential surface. As we step out in to the open from our house, the original equipotential surfaces of open air change, Keeping our body and the ground at the same potential, That is, why we do not get an electric shock 30. (4) : In the figure given, the hollow conducting sphere becomes an equipotential surface. Therefore Vj = V- 31. (d) : The electric potential at any point on circle of radius 4 due to charge Q at its centre is It is an equipotential surface. Hence, work done in carrying a charge 4 round the circle is zero, 32. e) 33. (a) : Here, q, =4 UC, 4, =~ 3 UC, r=1cm=0.1m Electrostatic potential energy, = EM 29 198 AW ABI ‘me, on 34. (a) : Potential energy of system U =! ‘ita 4mey 5x10"? (2) 10 = -asx19 2 2410 7 xen = x=20cm, Gran 35. (€) : Figure shows the quark model of neutron Here, r= 10"! m Potential energy of neutron is J \ L v= lauta tt + 4.44) rel fees WG objective NCEIT at your Fingertips TOGO ereli ‘ tran | ') atic dent of 36. (c) : Work done field due to any giver the path, and depends only 0 ty by the elect 37, (b): In a uniform electee field f), dipole experiences a torque t given by t= p~ E but experiences ne force ‘The potential energy of the dipole in a uniform electrbe field WUs-pe MM. (b): Dipole moment of each molecules » 10°" Cm ASL mole ofthe substance contains 6 7 10?" molecules, total dipole moment of all the molecules 1010" Cm= 64107 Cm Initial potential energy, U, = -peon® 6 10" x 10°cosl? = “65 Final potential energy, Uj= -6 10" « 107 + cos 60" = -3) ~ [Change in potential energy] == 1-3)- 6) ==35 ere, length of dipole, 2a = 20cm = 20 10° m (60 and torque t = 6 N m (> p=qQa) 6 10 vet 3x10" 20x10 xsin60" 53 Potential energy of dipole, U = ~ pcos = -q(2a)Ecos® 3107201077) coseo" 3x10 x 20%10° S3x2 =-2V31 40. ‘no charges anywhere else outside, then there must be (c) : Ifa conductor has a non zero potential and there are charges on the surface of the conductor, 41. (d) 42. (b): Here, V,= Vy or —_ Ane, R ane, a mR 0 » ® : Given & > R, Way Larger sphere has more charge than the smaller sphere "Now surlace charge densities, a oy = Sand, a! an Ink; ate oy RAY HR RRR As R, > Ry therelorea, > a ~ Surface charge density of smal charge lensity of larger sphere, (using (0) ler sphere is more than thePhysics | Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 43. (b) : Before contact, charges of each spheres, = O4RR? and q, = o4m(2R)' = 4q, ‘When the two spheres are brought in contact, their charges are shared tll their potentials become equal i. Vj = V. (i) As there is no loss of charge in the process tah =a, +4 = +49 = Sq) = MdMR?) or qi +29) =Soank? (using (1)) 44. @: In polar molecule the centres of positive and negative charges are separated even when there is no external field. Such molecule have a permanent dipole moment. lonic ‘molecule like HCL is an example of polar molecule 45. @) moment. 46. (b) =: Permittivity of metals is very high comparable to permittivity of free space. So dielectric constant for metal is infinite. Polar molecules have permanent electric dipole F, 47. As Fae © Themaximum force decreases by K times. 48. (©) : Ascharge, q = CV = (4ne,R)V 4q depends on both Vand R. 49. (a) : As shown in figure, +4 charge spreads uniformly on inner surface of outer sphere of radius r,, The induced charge -9 spreads ‘uniformly on the outer surface of inner sphere of radius r, “The outer surface of outer sphere is earthed, Due to electrostatic shielding, E=Oforr r, In the space between the two spheres, potential difference between two spheres, 0 (using ()) 50, (b): Let q, and q, be the charges and C, and C, be the capacitance of two spheres. “The charge flows from the sphere at higher potential to the ‘other at lower potential, till their potentials becomes equal. 69 ‘After sharing, the charges on two spheres would be 4 @ (i) ii) Ratio of surface charge on the two spheres, ant? 6 h ha a ‘The ratio of electric fields at the surfaces of two spheres (using (ii)) 52, (0): Here, length L. = 20 em = 20x 10°? mi; inner radius r= 1.5 ¢m-= 1.5 «107 ms outer radius 1, = 1.6 em = 1.6 % 107 ms charge q = 4 iC = 4% 10°C. Capacitance, Angle Deg _ 2485.10" 20-10 (is Y >) Joma 1.7107 F 53. (0): Ina parallel plate capacitor, the capacity of capacitor 7 Sut ie, CoA “The capacity of capacitor increases if area of the plate is 54, (b): The magnitude of the electric field between the lates is E " fo & 55. (a) 56. (d): As the capacitor is isolated after charging, charge on it remains constant. Plate separation d increases. capactance decreases as C= 84 and ence, potenti increases as v = 4 c 57, (€) : When key K is kept closed, condenser C is charged to potential V. When plates of capacitors are moved apart, its £0A decreases. a ‘As potential of conclenser remains same, charge Q = CV decreases So option (¢) is correct. ‘Once key K is closed, condenser gets charges, Q = CV Now, if key K is opened, battery is disconnected, no more charging can occur i. Q remains same, capacit «es C. {As plates of capacitor are moved apart, its capacity C= S2 decrease, < ‘erefore,its potential, V'= “increases 58, (a) + ‘The material suitable for using as a dielectric must have high dielectric strength X a large dielectric constant K.