Pipe Fitters Blue BookPIPE FITTERS BLUE BOOK revseo By W. V. GRAVES, LEE COLLEGE BAYTOWN, TEXAS ‘oRGER FROW: GRAVES PUBLISHING Co. P. 0. BOX 57324 WEBSTER, TEXAS 77598 (719) 480-2405 Publisher of The Pipe Fitters Bive Book land The Pipe Fabreatore Blue Book AN igs eserves nici te right to eproduce @W.V.GRAVES 1973 fs becky oss nanny ny fn PreraLe AND INSTRUCTIONS The at 1 nas included in this book the information and charts most often needed on piping jobs. The explanations and methods used have been made as simple as possible so that you should have little dificulty JInunderstanding them Many of the culs for fabrication ia this book are based fon the inside diemeter ot the rer or branch te be fitted onto the ouisice dlsmeter of the neader and should be cut radially with the torch cutting tip pointed toward the cen~ torotthepipeatetitimes, Alter cutting, the rismrs mey then be placed in position ‘on the neader tor marking thehoager cuttino. Miter cuts should be cut with the cutting tip pointed into theling es though youwere using asew cut. Pipe may be marked off in quarters, eighths, or sixtoantns by using the table in this book, or by folding @ piece of Peper that has been {ites around the circumference of the pipe so that theends of his paperusi meet ‘The wraparound should be ceretully fitted onto the pips and kept square £0 that you will have a true reference line. Note that the febrication chars are calculated for the use of stonderd weight and extra strong wall thickness pipe land sreaccurate or these wallthicknesses only= CONTENTS Common piping angles end their solutions . Known and unknown angles and angle chart Solving rolling atfeets Mitered pine cute Mulvipices mitered turns True "Y" layout 90" saddle on |19os)standare weight pipe Pipe circumference divided into eaual parts 90" saddle on (tees] extra strong pie 20° eccentric pine intersections 45" laterals Concentric and eccentric supports on 90° long radius elbows, 3 types. Angles between Dot holes of flanges Pipo template layout layout feduce” layout Eccentric reducer layout Laying out bolt holes in flanges Laying out ordinate lines and lengths . Tank coit layout ais Anale iron miter cuts and brackets Special offsets and solutions Slip or spectacle blind data Centers of eccentric reducars and ecantrie flanges ss... Genters of 18% 224°, 30° & GO burt weld elbows cut from 90° tong radius etbows . Pace 5a 810 wz 13.19 20.25 25 2729 30 3132 33.36 37-80 4181 52 5358 59.60 er8e 65.60 70 92 73-74 75:76 7782 - 8384 esas 87 Pipe thread daca Dimensions of weldolate on pipe Dimensions of rocket weld & serawed fittings Dimensions of flanges cast steel valves, Dimensions of flangec cast steel fittings ‘Commercial pipe sizes & wall thicknossos General dimensions of welding fttinas General dimensions of forged steel flanges Bolt, gasket, & ring joint number charts Wench sizes, Dil sizes for pine tape, & Tap drill size charts Bolt charts for orifice type flares uiside & inside diameters of pipe & flange bores Comparison chart for packing & gasket materiale Hand signals ‘or boom operated equipment, Hand signals for overhead & gantry eranes Useful informetion, Pipe expansion, Pipe bends Thecircia, inches & feet eonverted to rillimeere Conversion Constante seein Decimal equivalents, fractions & millimeters Safe loads For wire and manila rope charts Dacimate of 2 toot Minutes converted to decimals of a degree ‘end Trigonometrie formulas Trigonometry tables Pipe & water weight par line foot, & feat head of water to PS! a 29 90 31 92 93.04 95-100 101-108 yo8-115 16 nee no 120 121-122 yea 124 125 2128 127 128 128 13074 175(en ANOLES ANU IHEIR SOLUTIONS NOTE THAT ALL NINE OF THE FOLLOWING DRAWINGS SHOW A RIGHT TRIANGLE, The pipe frter usually calls the Tangthe of their eides (SET), (RUN) ord (TRAVEL). These terme may be used te find the ergles es well os the lengths of the sides, by velering 12 pages ¥ end 10 SI this tock. DRAWING "1 shows a 30° fleet. The level run of pipe intersects the (TRAVEL) of 20° ansle. If the lensth of the (SET] fa known, the langthe of the [RUN] end (TRAVEL) may be found by referring re page 10 under (ANGLE KNOWN) in the 30° celui. These formulas may be used for eny angle nor ahown in this table by wan of the trigonemetty teblen in the beau of thie beck DRAWING *2 Shows the same triongle os belore however the pine now {s vertical and intersects the &0°angle, To find the lengths of the (RUN) ond (TRAVEL) refer v0 page 1D under (ANGLE KNOWN) in the 69° column, Note that when the (SET) side is longer, then the (RUN) side the engle will wlneys be ners thes:= 48° angles DRAWING #3 Shows o vessel with 9 nozzle thot is 30° over ftom @ reference lines If the dimension from the face of noasle to the centorline e! the vesze! 1 known you would add the laying length of « 30° weldell plus @ welding neck flange. See graning "8 for mathod of caleuletiag the loving length of 12 30° weldoll. These dimensions added together gives you the length of the (TRAVEL) aide. To find the (SET) and (RUN) sides refer to page 10 under (ANGLE KNOWN). DRAWING 84 Shown are tue 40° affeets se thet equal epecing will be taittsined ot al] cantertines of ‘ofthe pipes Nove that there are twe 30° triangles shown. FOR: MULA FOR STAGGERING OFFSETS = CENTER TO CENTER DISTANCE OF PIPE x TANGENT OF hh THE DEGREES OF thet are steggered COMMON MING ANGLES AND THEIR SOLUCRS STAGGERED OFFSETS Bu? = Krown x 30° - Known x 288 | aah = Kron nate 60" _ = Known» st Et 12] teeDRAWING #5 Shows the right iongle formed foro miter cuten pipe, The ongle of aut it /h of the cagrans of turn FORMULA FOR MITER CUT ON PIPE = 0.0. OF PIPE TANGENT OF ANGLE OF CUT. Usvelly o single wroperound mark is drawn on pipe and ¥ af the ebove dimension ix marked fll on each side of this I'he. Refer pages 13 theough 19 for cramples of layout end colevieted dimensien tebles DRAWING 6 shows a single piace of angle iron thet is cu fond thes bent te form ore piece twin. On this type mock off e centerline ond lapzel-s. cxthoth on cach aides thix lingo Showa. Tepe sbatn hag.n teen af TAS" ond fequlies two €7 cutbacks, FORMULA FOR CUTSACK = WIDTH MINUS ONE THICKNESS x TANGENT OF ANGLE OF CUT. Refer to tion brackets and tobles af eelculated dimensions for addi a information DRAWING "7 Shows o siece of engle iran thet is cut ecrose tive total wdths Tow piston ove required for a tum. FORMULA FOR CUTBACK = WIDTH x TANGENT OF ANGI. OF CUT. ‘The cutback fer ether types of steel may be found with theas formulas o° they con be merked off with e protector. DRAWING *8 Shows @ pipe twin of 80° and the two right triangles formed te de he the tediue te 9 and to center dimension con be solculoteds FORMULA RADIUS & TANGENT OF ' THE DEGREES OF FITTING AND. OR BEND. See table of calcuinted dimensions of long radius weeldells in thie book DRAWING *9 Shows a 50° weldell rolled over 45° with o 45° weldell added te run pipe level. The centers of these finsings edded together form the (TRAVEL) side cf a right rnglee The (SET) and {RUN} sides may be calculoted by faforring 10 page 10 under (ANGLE FMOWN). All types af tings or cembina'iens of firings that are rolled aver on cnales rey be solved by thie procedure.DRAWING #5 Shows the right iongle formed foro miter cuten pipe, The ongle of aut it /h of the cagrans of turn FORMULA FOR MITER CUT ON PIPE = 0.0. OF PIPE TANGENT OF ANGLE OF CUT. Usvelly o single wroperound mark is drawn on pipe and ¥ af the ebove dimension ix marked fll on each side of this I'he. Refer pages 13 theough 19 for cramples of layout end colevieted dimensien tebles DRAWING 6 shows a single piace of angle iron thet is cu fond thes bent te form ore piece twin. On this type mock off e centerline ond lapzel-s. cxthoth on cach aides thix lingo Showa. Tepe sbatn hag.n teen af TAS" ond fequlies two €7 cutbacks, FORMULA FOR CUTSACK = WIDTH MINUS ONE THICKNESS x TANGENT OF ANGLE OF CUT. Refer to tion brackets and tobles af eelculated dimensions for addi a information DRAWING "7 Shows o siece of engle iran thet is cut ecrose tive total wdths Tow piston ove required for a tum. FORMULA FOR CUTBACK = WIDTH x TANGENT OF ANGI. OF CUT. ‘The cutback fer ether types of steel may be found with theas formulas o° they con be merked off with e protector. DRAWING *8 Shows @ pipe twin of 80° and the two right triangles formed te de he the tediue te 9 and to center dimension con be solculoteds FORMULA RADIUS & TANGENT OF ' THE DEGREES OF FITTING AND. OR BEND. See table of calcuinted dimensions of long radius weeldells in thie book DRAWING *9 Shows a 50° weldell rolled over 45° with o 45° weldell added te run pipe level. The centers of these finsings edded together form the (TRAVEL) side cf a right rnglee The (SET) and {RUN} sides may be calculoted by faforring 10 page 10 under (ANGLE FMOWN). All types af tings or cembina'iens of firings that are rolled aver on cnales rey be solved by thie procedure.