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Lecture 5
Random Signals and Correlation Sequences
Part A’s contents
Textbook
Lecture Topic Practice
Chapter
Lab 1
L1 Introduction to DSP 1, 2.1, 2.2
Tutorial 1
Lab 2
L2 Convolution and LTI Systems 2.3, 2.4
Tutorial 2
The z-transform: Tutorial 3
L3 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Forward Transform and Properties Lab 3
The z-transform:
L4 3.4, 3.5 Tutorial 4
Inverse Transform and Applications
2.4, 2.5,
Random signals and Tutorial 4
L5 2.6, 12.1
Cross-correlation Sequences Report
L6 Revision of Weeks 1 to 6 - -
P(x0)
p(x0)
x0
CDF is the area under the curve (blue shaded region) of PDF.
Digital Signal Processing S. L. Phung & A. Bouzerdoum 12/64
CDF and PDF
Properties of the probability density function:
For example,
-100
-50
0
(a) Original image
50
100
150
Uniform distribution
Normal distribution
For the uniform distribution, the mean and the variance are
-1 1 3 -1 1 3
For the normal distribution, the mean and the variance are
That is,
{expected value of XY} = {expected value of X} × {expected value of Y}.
video
For a random sequence, the mean, mean-square, and variance are time-
varying.
The difference between the first and second index is equal to the lag:
rxy(5) = 5
ryx(l) = rxy(-l)
Answer:
Auto-correlation of signal
Digital Signal Processing S. L. Phung & A. Bouzerdoum 33/64
Properties of correlation sequences
Important properties of the correlation sequences:
used many
times later
The correlation sequences are often normalized to the range [-1, 1].
For stationary random signals, the correlation depends only on the lag l ,
where l = (m – n):
Answer:
We have:
Mean:
Auto-correlation:
h(n) Notes
h(l)
h(l)
rhh(l)
Answer:
The impulse response is
Therefore,
figure(1)
subplot(1,2,1); plot(n, s);
subplot(1,2,2); plot(n, x, 'r’);
figure(2)
subplot(1,2,1); plot(l, rss, ‘b’);
subplot(1,2,2); plot(l, rxx, ‘r’);
Approach: