LEA ANDY SHITYA

Mazmur 139: 13,14

• Sebab Engkaulah yang membentuk buah
pinggangku, menenun aku dalam kandungan
ibuku. Aku bersyukur kepada-Mu oleh karena
kejadianku dahsyat dan ajaib, ajaib apa yang
Kaubuat, dan jiwaku benar-benar menyadarinya.
 Woman Anatomy & Physiology

• Internal Reproduction
• External Reproduction
Female External Reproduction
Mons pubis
is a rounded mound of
fatty tissue that covers the
pubic bone. During
puberty, it becomes
covered with hair. The
Mons pubis contains
oil-secreting (sebaceous)
glands that release
substances that are
involved in sexual
attraction.
LABIA MAJORA
• The labia majora (large
lips) are relatively large,
fleshy folds of tissue that
enclose and to protect
external genital organs.
Contain sweat and
sebaceous glands, which
produce lubricating
secretions. During
puberty, hair appears on
the labia majora.
• They are comparable to
the scrotum in males.
LABIA MINORA

The labia minora

(small lips) can be very
small or up to 2 inches
wide. A rich supply of
blood vessels gives the
labia minora a pink
color.
 CLITORIS
• The clitoris, located
between the labia minora
at their upper end, is a
small protrusion that
corresponds to the penis
in the male.
• The clitoris, like the
penis, is very sensitive to
sexual stimulation and
can become erect.
Stimulating the clitoris
can result in an orgasm.
 PERINEUM
• Most posterior
part of the
external female
reproductive
organ, located
between the vulva
and the anus.
• Made up of skin,
muscle and facia.
FEMALE INTERNAL REPRODUCTION
 VAGINA
• The vagina is a tubelike,
muscular but elastic organ
about 4 to 5 inches long in
an adult woman. The
vagina is the organ of
sexual intercourse in
women. It is the
passageway for sperm to
the egg and for menstrual
bleeding or a baby to the
outside.
• No space inside the
vagina unless it is
stretched open—for
example, during an
examination, sexual
intercourse, or
childbirth.
• The vagina is lined with a
mucous membrane, kept
moist by fluids produced by
cells on its surface and by
secretions from glands in the
cervix (the lower part of the
uterus).
• A small amount of these
fluids may pass to the
outside as a clear or milky
white vaginal discharge,
which is normal.
• During a woman's
reproductive years, the
lining of the vagina has
folds and wrinkles.
Before puberty and
after menopause, the
lining is smooth.
UTERUS • The uterus is a
thick-walled, muscular,
pear-shaped organ located
in the middle of the pelvis,
behind the bladder, and in
front of the rectum.
• The main function of the
uterus is to sustain a
developing fetus, site of
menstruation, implantation
of a fertilized ovum.
Uterus have three
layers:
Endometrium,
myometrium,
perimetrium.
Anatomy subdivision of
the uterus: convex
portion above uterine
tube (Fundus), central
portion (body), the
servix or neck
Cervix • The cervix is the lower
part of the uterus, which
protrudes into the upper
part of the vagina. The
cervix is lined with a
mucous membrane,
mucous membrane of the
cervix is smooth, firm,
doughnut shape, with
central open called
external os.
Cervix • Nulliparous os, before birth
small, regular, oval opening
• Parous os, after birth opening is
converted into a transver slit
resembles lips
• Cervix is usually a good barrier
against bacteria, has alkaline
environment, to protects
sperm from acidic enviroment.
 CORPUS
The corpus of the uterus, is highly
muscular, can stretch to
accommodate a growing fetus. Its
muscular walls during labor to
push the baby out through the
cervix and the vagina.
As part of a woman's reproductive
cycle (which usually lasts about a
month), the lining of the corpus
(endometrium) thickens. If the
woman does not become
pregnant during that cycle, most
of the endometrium is shed and
bleeding occurs, resulting in the
menstrual period.
 FALLOPIAN TUBES
• The fallopian tubes, 4 to 5 inches (about 10 to 13
centimeters) long, extend from the upper edges of
the uterus toward the ovaries. The tubes do not
directly connect with the ovaries. Instead, the end of
each tube flares into a funnel shape with fingerlike
extensions (fimbriae). When an egg is released from
an ovary, the fimbriae guide the egg into the
relatively large opening of a fallopian tube.
 FALLOPIAN TUBES
• The fallopian tubes are lined with tiny hairlike
projections (cilia). The cilia and the muscles in
the tube's wall propel an egg downward
through the tube to the uterus. The fallopian
tube is the usual site of fertilization of the egg
by the sperm.
OVARIES The ovaries are usually
pearl-colored, oblong, and
about the size of a walnut. They
are attached to the uterus by
ligaments. To producing female
sex hormones (estrogen and
progesterone), the ovaries
produce and release eggs. The
developing egg cells (oocytes)
are contained in fluid-filled
cavities (follicles) in the wall of
the ovaries. Each follicle
contains one oocyte.
Breast
The breast or
mammary gland is
a highly efficient
organ mainly used
to produce milk
and is a mass of
glandular, fatty,
fibrous tissues
• The biological role of the mammary glands is
to produce milk to nourish a newborn baby
and to pass antibodies needed for baby’s
protection against infections (passive
immunity).
Lobes & Lobuse
• the mammary gland is
composed of 15-25
lobes that radiates
around the nipple. Each
lobe consists of about
20-40 lobules, a smaller
milk duct that contains
10-100 supporting
alveoli
Glandular tissue

• Glandular
tissues are
responsible for
milk production
and
transportation
 Connective tissue
Connective tissue supports the
breast.
• Cooper’s ligaments are fibrous
bands that attach the breast to the
chest wall and keep the breast from
sagging.
• Blood – nourishes breast tissue and
supplies the nutrients to the breast
needed for milk production.
• Nerves – make the breast sensitive to touch,
hence allowing the baby’s suck to stimulate the
release of hormones that trigger the let-down or
milk ejection reflex (oxytocin) and the
production of milk (prolactin).
• Lymph nodes – removes waste products
• Adipose tissue (fat) – protects the breast from
injury.
The breast is externally composed of the
following parts:
• Areola – pigmented area at the center of each
breast.
• Nipple – protruding area at the center of each
breast
External Male Reproduction
PENIS
Organ for copulation and
serve as outlet for both sperm
and urine. The skin of the
penis is thin, no hairs.
Large pockets of erectile
tissue in the penis allow it to
fill with blood and become
erect. The erection of the
penis causes it to increase in
size and become turgid.
 • SCROTUM
The scrotum is a sac-like organ made of skin and
muscles that houses the testes. It is located
inferior to the penis in the pubic region.
Climate control system for testes, to be slightly
cooler than body temperature to allow normal
sperm development
 Internal Male Reproduction
TESTES
• Oval organs about
the size of very
large olives that lie
in the scrotum
• Most men have
two testes.
The testes are responsible for
making testosterone, the
primary male sex hormone,
and for producing sperm.
Within the testes are coiled
masses of tubes called
Seminiferous Tubules. These
tubules are responsible for
producing the sperm cells
through a process called
spermatogenesis.
• The epididymis is a long, coiled
tube that rests on the backside
of each testicle. It functions in
the carrying and storage of the
sperm cells that are produced
in the testes. It also is the job of
the epididymis to bring the
sperm to maturity, since the
sperm that emerge from the
testes are immature and
incapable of fertilization.
During sexual arousal,
contractions force the sperm
into the vas deferens.
 Spermatic Cords
Within the scrotum, a pair
of spermatic cords
connects the testes to the
abdominal cavity. The
spermatic cords contain
the ductus deferens along
with nerves, veins,
arteries, and lymphatic
vessels that support the
function of the testes.
The ductus deferens

also known as the vas

deferens, is a
muscular tube that
carries sperm
superiorly from the
epididymis into the
abdominal cavity to
the ejaculatory duct.
• The ductus deferens is wider in diameter than
the epididymis and uses its internal space to
store mature sperm. The smooth muscles of
the walls of the ductus deferens are used to
move sperm towards the ejaculatory duct
through peristalsis.
Seminal Vesicles

The seminal vesicles are a

pair of lumpy exocrine glands
that store and produce some
of the liquid portion of
semen. The seminal vesicles
are about 2 inches in length
and located posterior to the
urinary bladder and anterior
to the rectum.
• The liquid produced by the seminal
vesicles contains proteins and mucus and
has an alkaline pH to help sperm survive
in the acidic environment of the vagina.
The liquid also contains fructose to feed
sperm cells so that they survive long
enough to fertilize the oocyte.
Ejaculatory Duct
The ductus deferens passes
through the prostate and joins
with the urethra at a structure
known as the ejaculatory duct.
The ejaculatory duct contains
the ducts from the seminal
vesicles as well. During
ejaculation, the ejaculatory duct
opens and expels sperm and the
secretions from the seminal
vesicles into the urethra.
Response Sexual
 Genesis 5:2
• He created them male and female and blessed
them. And He named them "Mankind" when
they were created.
 Phase Children
• babies, children, teens, adults, and the
elderly—are sexual beings. Some believe that
sexual activity is reserved for early and middle
adulthood. Sexuality, though, is much more
than sexual intercourse and humans are
sexual beings throughout life.
 Children
• At a very young age, children begin to
explore their bodies by touching, poking,
pulling, and rubbing their body parts,
including their genitals.
• Looking at or touching a peer's or new
sibling's genitals
• Showing genitals to peers
• Standing or sitting too close to someone
• Trying to see peers or adults naked
Puberty
• Puberty is the period during which growing
boys or girls undergo the process of sexual
maturation.
• Puberty involves a series of physical stages or
steps that lead to the achievement of fertility
and the development of the so-called
secondary sex characteristics, the physical
features associated with adult males and
females (such as the growth of pubic hair).
• The onset of puberty varies among individuals.
Puberty usually occurs in girls between the ages of
10 and 14, while in boys it generally occurs later,
between the ages of 12 and 16.
• the hypothalamus, an area of the brain that
releases a hormone known as
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in
turn signals the pituitary gland to release
luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH). LH and FSH secretion by the
pituitary is responsible for sexual development.
Adolescent
• Puberty, the time when the
body matures, begins between
the ages of nine and 12 for most
children.
• Girls begin to grow breast buds
and public hair as early as nine
or 10.
• The onset of menstruation
(having periods) usually happens
later than the other physical
changes and usually occurs
around two and a half years
after the onset of puberty
• Boys' development of penis and testicles
usually begins between 10 and 11.
• In boys, an increase in the size of the testicles
is the first change observed at the onset of
puberty.
• After enlargement of the testicles, the penis
also increases in size. Enlargement of the
testicles and penis almost always occurs
before the development of pubic hair. The
next stage is the growth of pubic hair and hair
in the armpits. Next, the voice becomes
deeper and muscles increase in size. The last
step is usually the development of facial hair.
 SEXUAL RESPONSE
• The sexual response cycle refers to the
sequence of physical and emotional changes
that occur as a person becomes sexually
aroused and participates in sexually
stimulating activities, including intercourse
and masturbation.
• The physiological responses to sexual
stimulation, that included genital
vasocongestion and myotonia, to be much
the same for males and females.
 sexual response cycle
• The sexual response cycle has four phases:
1.Excitement
2. Plateau
3. Orgasm
4. Resolution
• Both men and women experience these
phases, although the timing usually is
different
Excitement Phase
This phase includes penile
erection,increased testicular
volume, elevation of the testes
and scrotal contraction in
males.
In females this phase includes
clitoris and labial engorgement,
thickening of the vaginal walls,
elevation and engorgement of
the uterus and breast
enlargement.
• Both males and females may experience
nipple erections and show some increase in
myotonia, heart rate and blood pressure.
Plateu Phase
In males there is a slight increase in the
circumference of the coronal ridge of the
penis
and a colour change in the glans to purplish
hue. The testes elevate even further in
preparation for ejacuation. In many males
there would also be a few droplets of
Cowper’s gland secretion present at the
meatus.
In females further vasocongestion
of the lower third of the vagina.
The inner part of the vagina
expands fully and the uterus
becomes fully elevated. The clitoris
can withdraw beneath the clitoral
hood and the labia minora
change colour.
• Both males and females can show a sexual
flush, while myotonia increases, breathing
becomes more rapid and heart rate further
increases. Blood pressure also continues to
rise.
Orgasmic Phase
• Involuntary muscle contractions begin.
Blood pressure, heart rate and breathing are
at their highest rates, with a rapid intake of
oxygen.
• Muscles in the feet spasm.
• In women, the muscles of the vagina
contract. The uterus also undergoes
rhythmic contractions.
• In men, rhythmic contractions of the
muscles at the base of the penis result in the
ejaculation of semen.
• A rash or "sex flush" may appear over the
entire body.
Resolution Phase
This is the post-orgasm period in
which the body returns to its
pre-aroused state. The testes and
scrotum will also return to their
normal size.

In females the nipples will return

to normal size and the clitoris
will descend to its normal
position. The clitoris, vaginal
walls, uterus and labia gradually
shrink to their pre-aroused
sizes.
• An important gender difference during this phase,
is that males enter a refractory period during which
they are physiologically incapable of experiencing
another orgasm or ejaculation. The refractory
period of an adolescent male might last only
minutes, while that of an older man might be for
several minute, hours or even days.
• Females do not experience a refractory period
and they are therefore able to experience multiple
orgasms without first returning to the
pre-aroused state. Although they have this
biological capability, not all report having multiple
orgasms or wanting to have them every time or
at all.