EfFUSoNS a SVRUERy

CA B
ea o daup Yexudalr
pot -laz 3D cda

bloody ornaYoent 25
kadyui
RAC >ToDJooo cellb|M eosinaphlie

hDu> 2 UL S.LOu.
la M

Lal dhu dlu,p a s

0, LOR vL®Jeum
La
Ebs
Table 34.2 Quantification of size of pleural effusions after
post-coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Grade of effusion Characteristic of chest radiograph

0 No pleural fluid
Blunting of costophrenic angle
2 More than blunting of costophrenic
angle but less than 25% of
hemithorax occupied by pleural fluid
3 Pleural fluid occupying 25-50% of
hemithorax
4 Pleural fluid occupying 50-75% of
hemithorax
5 Pleural fluid occupying more than
75% of hemithorax
Table 34.1 Causes of pleural effusion after different types of
surgery
Causes

Trauma caused by surgery

Atelectasis
Pancreatitis
Pulmonary embolism
Subphrenic abscess (late >10 days)
Congestive heart failure
Pneumonia
Central line erosion through central venous structures
Chylothorax due to thoracic duct disruption
Hemothorax due to bleeding
Immunological mechanisms