Philippine College of Health Sciences, Inc.

College of Medical Technology

Name: Monillo, Mariel Date & Time of Submission: 09/04/21 11:40 pm

Student Id No:

Lab Exercise # 2
Serial Dilutions

Fill in the following:

1. Principle:  Serial dilutions are a method for determining the concentration of a substance (e.g.,
antibody).The greatest dilution of the sample that yields a positive result is the end point. This
end point dilution can be expressed as a fraction.The reciprocal of that fraction is called the titer
of the antibody.

2. Reagents, Materials, and Equipment: A series of dilutions of a sample is necessary

for determining an antibody titer. In serial dilution, each dilution is prepared from the previous
dilution. Dilutions can be in large test tubes, macrotitration, or in a miniaturized version,
microtitration. Microtitration is valuable for any procedure in which dilutions are made and red
blood cells (RBCs) are used as indicator cells (e.g., hemagglutination). Colorimetric reactions can
be performed (e.g.,enzyme immunoassay) and quantitated spectrophotometrically with
specialized instruments for microtiter plates.
A complete dilution series usually contains 5 or 10
tubes, although any single dilution may be made directly from an undiluted specimen or
substance. In calculating the dilution or concentration of a substance or serum in each tube of the
dilution series, the rules previously discussed apply

3. Procedures:
Macrotiter:Microtitration is valuable for any procedure in which dilutions are made and red blood
cells (RBCs) are used as indicator cells (e.g., hemagglutination). Colorimetric reactions can be performed
(e.g.,enzyme immunoassay) and quantitated spectrophotometrically with specialized instruments for
microtiter plates.
 Philippine College of Health Sciences, Inc.
College of Medical Technology

Microtiter: . Dilutions can be in large test tubes, macrotitration, or in a miniaturized version,

microtitration. .The antibody titer is defined as the reciprocal of the highest dilution of the patient’s serum
in which the antibody is still detectable.

4. Intepretation of Results: In clinical immunology, the titer of an antibody in an

individual’s serum can have clinical significance, depending on the antibody in question.
Antibody titers are sometimes used to evaluate a person’s immune status.Titers may be obtained
over time, as with acute and convalescent specimens for infectious diseases or monitoring a
mother’s titer for blood group antibodies during pregnancy