Module 1 Of Present Simple Trwork Tees Do you wor? Doce dep ‘They dont ork Tees sep “The Prevent Simple wd No dewribe permanent sation, “ane London + ty decribe epee ations, Tce pat 730 ery monn + talk abou gener ahs We te a re: + total bout ture cons ltd timetables and programmes. rp ars 1000 ear + to describe temporary sation. Tsong wih ny ue ere + tla aoying aos which hppa epee ith treads efteequnsy ay conto, comma). Tour bey raping me + die station kh ae hanging or devin {aplastic + totale bout frre mangement Th visting some fe othe waht Of Stative verbs "The flowing verbs are noe normaly ad in progressing + ers ofthe senses eeu sme ast, ose seem, Took (= een) + Nafta dis, ar mel + Verb of perception an opinion: aon gr hin (bale) bev uderand, remember eget hope, ‘pes, age, + Other verbs: behave = poses) own, blog, cas i / e a rene exes acon aa hanses Beh laters reming thnk onside hing of baying car. shove ct st tte) Ee Gion's hsig inch a te cfr atthe moment John fst the pakstin oder id out whats It 2k Adverts of frequency “Themot conmon adver of reeney ae abaya on somes /onasnaly > Tandem hry ever eterna ‘They are enallyposoned: hee the ain vr, Richard ne comes wrk ate {Adjatesening in change le tho ening Invetate aly) ‘al, earner apy bap, te ter + fst ate an adverb wth 0 or more aes ‘Sime with more Real ne enti omar sow + ofan oat fllowed by tha when we eenpare vo people animal things eas or ststons ‘acral a foes hg thy fara B casera vig owen. “Tespetive fom “ope hn etd ble cis ending ny ore yang ‘Qijcinecningn-yehegeto whe ng snctukecn ‘ar sos ert Kp hain ie oe otmort aecves and ave wi oor more sales intel th moe See bat sw mat ow ofa or ade id wh he. when we ‘Sempre oe pron an thing es stan wih SSrtot ese “Tr be en ns ie ed ‘eer heals oy ini cs.eter i Some wo sabe aceties om comparative a {ever cere more ver {tweet most eer ‘ommon commoner mre common ‘onmonest/mastcommen roe narawe mre norow oranest mor noon Simp simpler more simple Simplest / most smple + Comparatin canbe sade by ang he words fa ah rater stile, 2 bsg crm nome en eon, Dred in bete i 2K Other forms of comparison +48 ¢adjetvladverb +o show similar) ‘Shiv al here ot salas + adjecvladvr) +a (to show dee) Tei mar forawe Bough este show neon) The fim syyrery was es interesting then he one a + the + compart the comparative (oes wo actons rst one of whchcomer ars eat fhe os) he rmore oa tay the ber ol do he fest *camparatine + and + comparative (ln cata ‘perewe or decree) ‘Thecar waging far nd Str, ie form, any fo ti the lr ‘Thefolowing nse aay in the lal “Vitti el tae” + Nouns hat cost oto pur: gasses trousers jeans ssors ct We se the expesion spar a To epress aay ith hese word. ‘op ww ase (Gear as ou 0 nw iors Word sacha fay tam, gro, mene cas, ovement, cew at cllectve nouns ad hy ke ‘thera siglo para ver, Ti fori’ omy ron hay. ‘Uncountable nouns ‘Uncourabe noun only ned with sng for vcs nd wecant use wan omer ath there Ts expo ‘antiy we se some, any much, ite, tat ofc Tags. rue, money, ogee od Se eae ear peer cae ae ce a cpa Siete, Sea ark [here are do aire on teh Ni wom doe ge |The ihre om butter imucrighe [pale Frist diamond. [Have you en ay glance ist an smoker Wall you eto gr Thistle sade ot wood. van the wood? Hae yous We nd some facinating lsyyreviousjob [experince when we ise cexpatence Cine Huy! We Haves go [ Lacy ar ben tothe nema chime, (three mer hr wk [Thewssome chicken [My mm bought chicken om on your plate Are you [the vopermarat tw 30% of ssingt et the pee made tien, 3K some/any/no “some + uncountable plural countable nous ‘Raced inaffate sentence and in gostion when We (iersomathing or sk for something pil. ‘Thee some orange juice nh ge ‘Wk you ie ome ipo? Cou have sore fe + any uncountable laa countable nous ‘Ftiadinquetons and net seen Teheran orange je tee? ‘Ther ny eis on he abe “10 (© pot amy)» uncountable plural countable noant ‘Buse in ateae sentences oe nea ering "hae sn heen he age = Tvl oy chee thee 2K many/much/a lot (of)/lots (of)/plenty (of) eee ren Raeeepeel teense I dide’t see many people from work there, aces meer ESE pec tem AEA sean niin [Wenesla new ron, [Mis one dows workott pleniy ace bes ed eth af when hey ‘etoloved bya noun ‘They ae ed vat url nouns and plural er Thee weet of pepe the party. - anemone noun and angle Seb “Hove somemore food. Ther ee. Have got ug nay? ex ply: says mach edn tmnt sets with Theo mich sigrinmycofe, J-tec sono tery a2 aver ois own equiv sentence, ro PAY o/s rent are ute vomat soln Fey erat otng ts beter tous mayor arumbor BE] srrcoumsul naunsne chor oreeseaoth OK a few/a tte /few/ttle + fo (a all br, ome) aed wih paral towne Ss plural ver Tn ew more thingsfom he ssprmare. There are for ns ote abe lide (all emo some) sed with uncountable ‘oun and gar er "Tho a cle he fe (=n man) wth lr sad lara ve, iy ew people dgrsd wih “Tid "ane mac ese with uncountable nouns and ‘ingle ‘iw ie vid support ili Fw au gten one? ave atom ‘ear by ane Weve gore >. Past Simple = Tear Didyoued Dida Theyre ‘teh ep “The Past Simple rw + to dsb a completed action inthe pst (he ime ‘tly mentioned or impli. Though aD ply eed. + to deste complet actions tht happened one after these isthe pat lad po il, pa anton ef he shop + to dserbe pst habits or repeated acon inthe as (Gien wed with avers af eeqency whens ong fen en sigh pork, So Bn) ewer ventson page san k Past Progressive Trasworing THe warping ‘Wereyonworking?——Warsbeseeping? ‘Theyre working Tevet ping ‘Te Pst Frogrsive is we * to dere an actonin progres tert ine inthe pst "What vere jou dng 1k last ih” ‘Tas hig a shower” + todos ations that were happening atthe same ie in the pst (sual wih whe oa) Wea was tng, yon a sping + ta dere background seme toa try "Tere et lt plate tation. Some were ting ihc mbes ar wre pig and ov were sling end down + to dst temporary pst sate actions "My under ring yn se dye. + to dscrbe repetitive or anoying actions th the verbo requency shay coal cc) 2 rota ae gy phen ee og 2 PastSimple- Past Progressive Time Causes (when, wil, a, a5 soon a) + Wows he Past Progente dhe Pat Sige inthe ttne news when oe clon red ater inthe pu Wee th Pat Progen fr te ge felon lth Pat Spl foreshore son ie tiscee ol eye ‘hor ye nal te a hy 0 a Tt hangs bh he he ip reo Fad We common use as soon a with the Past Simple, FE] one arived ote tn we ante Boch, OK Past Perfect Simple Thad wkd Behan Hadyourorked? Hate pt ‘Theyksintworkal —_Iehadn sep “The Past ect Simple oe “ose a action which was completed before ‘estiepoint a ue nthe pas “By mam ha done th wep by midge + todesrhe an action that was completed fore anate ‘tome thepas The soon ation ip he Ps Sp, “heir had aad sted wh gos ena bendy ve never jt when, by th eae tore Pi) eens on page atok Past Perfect Progressive Thad Ben working THe bad been deping Hadyoubeen working? Had abe ben deeping? ‘Theyhadnebee working _ [that ben sleeping ‘The Pst erect Prograsvet wale ‘toes the aration of an action that took ase tee another aon inthe pt He boo ving Lon or 5 er whe ovo eGlagow + ter to action whos duration cused vile ete ter pnt fine in eps They wee bs hy Had en evn the oe al dy sendy bythe tne, fn, ater ef, whe, how fang. Of used to + base form Tred wok He malo ep Didyou set work? Dl abewseto sep? ‘Thera wetowork Idiot dry ‘wo + base form we 1 dsc permanent pst states, Tis ne overt when was younger +t dascrbe pst its [My ft bed de work but now he wal + tw descr repeated actions in the past eased go ou every dy bat we drt any mae 2 would + base form Trrcll worke He woald dep ‘Moald you wore ‘Would he pe ‘Tae would work youl ap ‘would ase form sos Mo dscrte pst habits My aradmoter edd always seep a8 ek ie manning +1 deserite ype behavior ln the pst ‘Bory nig, Lind wll tao he rai ido "he sfaand disk a ot up ft er der > Past intentions aware gong to base form Tas gingro work Hew ging laep Fn gangto work? Wate pig tose? ‘They weren gogo ook Ua ig to doy * ware going fo + ba form wad ok abou ‘von someboy intend odo the pst oat ‘probably dit), Fr ig iy i ethno bt hy NN NN LLL Module 3 OK Present Perfect Simple Thane work Tehesaep Haveyou wore? Hussheddp? ‘Theshevent worked eho dee ‘The Present Perfect Spe sd “pedal acon wih arenedia te pa at Tre aony done hat + twediabout sae which stared inthe pst and nsec up tothe pres ‘Man a a er de since Spb + twukabout an scion that bspened the pst nd ‘ned, but there are abo in he presen. Pretet fated my pret, ‘cha hs ca i co) sre ter neve bore lv how ong Tern cent tly once ie oe, foo Tregular verbs on page 161 Femininity oo Domes Renee aera anaaaiemnee mentredoentsmeg msn mintentemtsomre Fy linen By fasta See ne nse SSS anton see: rons amcor eater ‘Saisie >k Present Perfect Progressive Tine teen wong Hehasboc ding Have youteen working? Has ieee spn? ‘They hae ben working _ thant een exp ‘The Present Perec Propessve bust “to empha the duration oft ste or action which Stare in he pst and contin up tote present Tye eo ing Bg fr yar + to takabout an acon which happened over upc of {eto the pst and maya ed ba he ess tue ebviou nthe preset Iie tor wala al dy Thay wee eho ong al aye = we sth Prasat act Spa toemphse thereof vacon We wee Pasa Pret Preset wophase he dustin fs oem, Fen Oees nrn, Fe been lig hin sie eeSS 2K Relative Clauses: Relative dausesareinzeduce by ete pronoun (wha, wih tat whose andre ses where when) ‘o understand the meaning ofthe sntence. Tey ae no ‘pate ron the msn clase comms. ‘Shes hg what es nex dan ‘The bak which) you bog son he des = wh, when ya tat can oie ey feo ths bjectfthe sentence Whore ana wher casa ‘toma anguageprposton appear the Depning of he ete clase, noma gn ey apart nd te Tectonic Pm ting en ey ‘amoral form ‘he chat cna am sting on very Confer efor [Nan-defning rae dass ive ra nrstion Sout {he pason thing rie they eet They te aes pated rom he main ate by cor Mrtrovm, ho ou Gangphy toch, ito Orch ct rao ap retin do + Raine rosomsaden noe nite in ‘ling eae cash can wee ht insted poston wy apart thesia om ening ee ne Ted hap my aha be ‘ich yh ert weet Trot gee oi carey inf in 2 should/shoulén't We se houllsouldat «base frm: + toask or and gine advice ‘Shou Task da oh me with hist + twexpres an opinion. ‘Shesold be more cari hen he dries, + tome a suggestion Tous elf tha new resturant feta + twexpe ld obligation. ‘Shad shuld ha hr hear tine, ‘We se hou + have + past partite: * ay ep at snehigt apen in ‘edie tare ome hme eer + hoc some’ behaviour Mosul av alla adler me know you weet Wes shoul’ have + pas patil + topes ee aboutomathing that happened in the pst Tho hve out at ary ody. + tts something somebody bas done anny ul’ ave ol yout Twa apa be FE «reves ughtocan be wsedinstad oe nal| EE treo eases Tov cghtt have etme ao ou neem 2 had better We shad etter as frm oie strong aie fen ‘prone ato waening nds rg hn ‘Sig arent preset o treo tpt spt fm shad beter not saen Enh he sort fim commonly se a beter, youd ete). Iou'd rer aa door abo Module 4 Ok Future will Tliwoek Het deep ‘ly woke Wil beep Theywontwork ‘oat ep. ‘The Foti we male predictions about he fate, sal wilh peshps car the eos belies hin, hope expect, Beene Sell pba bere tomorow * totatk bow spotapenu deci Weve in oo mi ge ond ny me, + for promis Ton ime dowt wom? + froffe andres, Te washing fer done Wl yo kl en my ont + or hats apd vain, Topeak ou apd 2k Future going to Tr gig stay ‘Ae you ging ty? ‘Theyarnt going say TEL ping olan nae gang tne? [sit ging ee "The Future going os sed otalesbot ture pas. My rhe going stay oy + tomake sed on erence, Took ut are oing ip ve hat chai. omni ongh, ext monthlyahe Tuy thismontyet eet Tuesday ce nan beet + se he rset Simple forfour actons ted {bof ines an rogamnes, Thepneonveseseen + re the Preset Presse fr ple eure canned opera anasuren Fretetng nso omarTilbeworg ‘young Theyon evekng Hello derpng Wala beeping? Reon easing ‘The FtureProgeenive ved, “Mo talktbout asin that wil be in progesaa speific tie athe ature -AFDaloc mao seb Pring 0 Fore. Future Perfect Tika woed ete aepe Walyoohivewoved? Wal eRe dep? ‘They wont ave worked tw hese ‘The Fture erect nd ‘to akabout coos tht wl be comple fore Specie tine cr another ato nthe are. The ation ‘Mic allows the fit one ela te Present Spl ‘She hve eur by th neyo le — +3 pin tine by he in, y the, bere 2 Time Clauses ‘Time causes az insole witha soon a, when after, efor un at and while We never aur fo tine dase Ms Pn tye bin 2 Zero Conditional a ‘he ero Gondtonl is sd tk abou aera tats. {When you pres the buon the machine see > Conditional Sentences Type 1 We we Conditional Sentenes Type fo sumthing “whichis pant app ate preset or Modal Vrs en, may mig H+ Present Sse | shld be om npr ss chin atk ou na dojo por ae ae of pongo he spear some mi > Conditional Sentences Type 2 we Condional Sentences Type for une Aegina sttions char undo happen athe rosnt or the ture Reeok ae Noudleoal- Base ory tw ato Tl farm nur ese wel wet = Condon Sentence Insta of asin the fle, (ee eh ald ois hee + Wels Il wereyout exes ar oper orto he ‘rer yo et by + nl con be sedntnd not ina ec buys corals ou are (fy dot cre MUST-HAVE TO - NEED - MUSTW'T- DON'T HAVE TO.- DON'T NEED TO / NEEDN'T EXPRESSING OBLIGATION AND PROHIBITION, + must ase form express perl San inthe rose rare Tf sb night, (= ay 0) + have + Base frm express extemal pion inthe roe erature Nowhere om the ft he ore England elon) were saen ed Sow mat pr her (= Tow ae’ lowe + Indo base form esses bgtion nthe ps. ‘Wher era cool Thad to me pw ack eery EXPRESSING NECESSITY AND ARSENCE OF NECESSITY eee +baseform express cesta the pent or Eiare eed 9 tn how many pep bathe ary, * don't tave to downed to / ned’ + base fren ‘xpresaene of msi nthe preset ofr Youd thay all aon. =a ney) ‘She dos el snl er Cain You ne'er. Eryn ender contr. + mead to ¢ Base frm express ety inthe past ‘We meld oy some more ft drinks 9 we me he + dd’ have to did’ need + ase fen apres Seen af easy inthe ot seg en ees and may or may ot hn been doe) Trav odd dk phe sr hot + need have + pst participle esrene shane of Dessay ithe as Eon esa bt Was dee Yow nh have rug anything, (= wat say ou did) ts felwedy bse fam, Resale it carmen edith roa ee fom Teed go at.