Basic Probability Concepts

The aim of this chapter is to present a brief introductory overview into

the fascinating concept of probability.

A good understanding of probability is essential for understanding

statistical analysis and for making correct statistical inferences.

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 Basic Probability Concepts
In 1812, the French mathematician Pierre Simon Laplace defined
the word “probability" to mean a number lying between 0 and 1 that
measures the amount of certainty for an event to occur.
A probability of 1 means the event is completely certain to occur,
whereas a probability of 0 means that the event will certainly never
occur.

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𝛀.

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 Sample
points
𝛀

Example of an event: A = { 3, 5}

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𝛀

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 𝛀
𝛀

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or AB

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 What is Probability?
Probability is the chance of a
random event happening.

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 nA
=
n
𝛀
𝟐
n(𝛀)
= = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑 A = { 3, 5}
𝟔

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𝛀 𝓐

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a.
b.

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