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  • Mcnair, H. M. and Miller, J. M. - Basic Gas Chromatography

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    Mcnair, h. m. and Miller, j. m. - Basic Gas Chromatography

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    13 views104 pages

    Mcnair, H. M. and Miller, J. M. - Basic Gas Chromatography

    Uploaded by

    Didier Chambilla

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 104
    BASIEGAS; de ‘TECHNIQUES IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY SERIES BAKER + CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS CUNNINGHAM +» INTRODUCTION TO BIOSENSORS LACOURSE + PULSED ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTORS IN HPLC MCNAIR AND MILLER + BASIC GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY METCALF + APPLIED pH AND CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS MIRABELLA » MODERN TECHNIQUES IN APPLIED MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY SCHULMAN and SHARMA + INTRODUCTION TO MOLECULAR, LUMINESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY STEWART and EBEL. + CHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS TAYLOR » SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION Basic Gas Chromatography HAROLD M. MeNAIR, Ph.D. Virginia Posteshnie Tsite and State University JAMES M. MILLER, PRD. Drew University ® A Wiley aterscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. [New York + Chichester * Weinheim + Brisbane + Singapore * Toronto ‘er GC pop epi by emi 024 Sent Pet Spon nthe nero Coe mau Taste pedo ie pape @ [At ah rene. ui imac hae {ht permite ty Sto? olathe 196 Unaed Seu Chr A Se pmon ft aye tte Cr min tte ‘asic gn cromtoraphy / Harold M. MeN Sues ies, a os SSS mes aS Contents Series Preface Preface 1 tntrodcton A Bric Hitoy Overview: Advantages and Disadvantages 2 Imirument Overview cases Gas Flow Control and Measurement Sample nts and Sampling Devies Colas “Temperature Zones Deters Data Stems 3 asi Concepts and Terms lintons, Terms, and Symbors The Rate Theory A Redetition of H The Achievement of Separation 4 Stationary Phases Selecting & Colum ‘Castiation of Stationary Phases fr GLE Liga Stationary Phases (GLC) © Sold Stationary Phases (GSC) 5 Packed Columas and Ines Solid Suppers iid Stationary Phases Sod Stationary Phases (SC) Gai Anais Inet for Liu Samples and Solutions Special Columns parading for Capitay Colma (6 Capitary Columns “Types of OT Colunas OT Colum Tobing ‘Advantages of OT Colamns Colom Selection Capillary Inlet Systems Indes 7 Detectors Cawifcation of Detectors Detector Characteristics Flame foieaton Detector (FID) ‘Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD) etron Capture Detector (ECD) (Omer Detectors 8 Qualitative and Quantitative Anais Ouattaive Anais ‘Quantitative Analysis conten si 2 s a S2SEeR foResaoe 1 1s 12 6 ug rs 6 16 an Contents 9 Programmed Tempertore Temperature Etfets Advantages and Disadvantages of PTGC Requirements of PIGC “Theory of PTGC Sper Topics 10 Special Topics oc-ms (Chiral Anais by GC Special Sampling Methods Derivatization 11 Troubleshooting GC Systems Appendizes 1. List of Symbols and Acronyms 1 Guidelines for Selecting Cepilary Colunas LIL GC: How to Avoid Problems 1. Calculation of Split Ratio for Spt injection on (OT Camas LV. Operating Conditions for Coplay Columns VE OV Ligud Phases Physical Property Data VIL Some Pressure Corection Factors ()) IIL List of Some Chromatographic Suply Houses TX. Other Resourses Aces of Applications Ades rn 14 46 ue 150 153 163 164 1 0 1s vo 18 191 1 3 4 Series Preface “Ties ia the Techniques in Analytical Chemistry Seis address current Technics in general se by analal abortions. The series intends (0 Serve roa audizce ofboth prationers and cent of chem analysis “Tis audenceinclods not only aalicl chemists but abo professionals in other areas of chemi) and a otber dciplines eying 0 information Cervelo chemin analysis, Tu, the srs shoud be uct fo both Inoeatory and management personnel. ‘Writen for readers mith varying levels of edation and laboratory expertise tiles the series donot presome prior Knowledge ofthe subject, [nga the eae step by stop ough each tchngue- Numerous apt Cations and diagrams emphasize practi, applied approach to chem: “The specie objectives ofthe series ae + toprovide the reaer wth overviews of methods of naljsisthat inctue {bass inedcton to peniples But emphasie such practical aes {etechniue selection, ample preparation, measurement procedues, ‘ata analy quality contol a quay assurance: + to give the eeader a sense ofthe capbilties and linitatons ofeach techie. and fel fore appa to specie problems “to cover the wide rage of uf techniques, from mature ones 10 newer methods that are coming into common us: and + to communicate past loration in a readable, comprehensible Sle Reaer from he tecnica through the PAD sett o bora . Series Prece tory manager should come away with cate and coatdence about the {ee of the techniques Forticoming books inthe Techniques ix Anata Chemity Series wll over variety of techniques including chememetric methods, bcweso Sarface and interace analysis, measurements in bloga yes nde Sly coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. gas chromatopraphy -mas spe {eomcry, Four tansform infared spetoncopy, aad ther Sinica topics. The ers weleome your comments and sugestions tozaing atten ad future tiles and hope you find the erie stu rane A. Sern, Preface [A series of hooks om the Techniques n Analecal Chemis would be incomplete without a volume on gs chromatography (GC). undoubtedly the most widely used analytical technique. Over 0 yeas in development ‘Gc has become a mature method of analysis and one that Is thy 10 fade in pops. Tn the euly years of development of GC, many books were writen 10 lngom analysts ofthe latest developments. ew of them have been kept uptodate and few new anes have appeared, so tat satisfactory single inteoductry text dacs no exist. Ths book attempt 10 mest hat aed. Tt ‘bse in part onthe caler work bythe same ie, Basie Gas Chromaog- ‘rap, coauthored hy MeNairand Borell and published by Varia Instr ‘ments Some mater ako drawn from the eater Wiley book by Nil, (Chromatography: Coneps and Contras. ‘Weave atempied to write brie basi introduction to GC following the objectives fortes in this serie, It should sppeal to readers with ‘arying levels of education and emphasizes «praca, aplied approach to te subjec. Some background inches i required manly perl ‘tganic chemistry and some phy chemisry For ein forms cas ‘work, the Book should besiable for undergraduate anal chemisty Courses ad for intensive short courses of he type offered bythe America {Chemical Society and others. Analysts entering the Held should fad ‘ndapensable, and nds chemist working in GC should adit aut ‘elereace and guide. a Preface ‘Because the TUPAC ha recently published is nomenclature recommen ations for eheoatograpiy. we hive ted to use them comatenty (0 promot aunied set of detniions and symbols. Abo, we have endeavored {Dvnteinaschs way tht the book wouldhave the carasteisi ofa ile utor, asl especaly important for beinners in the el. Otherwise, he Content and coverage ae appropriately conventions "While open tabular (OT) sola ae the mot popular type both open ‘pula and packed columns ae tented throughout. ad the advantages, ‘tsodvantages, and apphieatonsarecomeasted, nado, pil chapter re devoted w each pe of column. Chpte 2 introduces the ise asta ‘mentation and Chapter 7 elaborates on detectors Other chapter cover Stationary phases (Chapter 4), qualitative and quantitative analy (Chop 'er8), programmed temperature (Chapee9), and woublesootng (Chapter 1), Chapter 10 riefy coves the important special topes af GC-MS,

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