Pakistan School Muscat

(Lesson 14) National Unity and Freedom Movement

Questions from the Exercise:

Q1. What did Jamal-ud-Afghani think was required for Muslims to succeed in
the modern world?
He thought that to succeed in the world Muslims need to learn new technology and science
and look forward to better future instead of looking back at a glorious past. He also believed
that Muslims need to modernize themselves to meet the challenges of the west.

Q2. Who was Muhammad Abduh and how did he influence the Muslims?
Muhammad Abduh was an Egyptian scholar, Grand Mufti and member of supreme council
at Al-Azhar University, Cairo. His views were very progressive. He believed in the importance
of education for Muslims to move forward. He strongly supported the right of Muslim women
to education. His revolutionary ideas made him a leading Muslim figure.

Q3. What was Maulana Muhammad Ali Johor’s will? What did this mean?
During his illness, he had willed that he be buried in Bait-al-Muqaddas (Jerusalem) because
he did not want to return to a slave country. He was buried there accordingly.

Q4. In what way did Allama Iqbal’s views about Muslims influence their destiny?
Allama Iqbal urged that Muslim World should be united and politically clever. His poetry
became a way of putting forward his religious and political ideas. He called for reforms and said
that to be a good Muslim, it is not enough to just sit thinking and meditating about religion but
to be active and do something positive about it.

Q5. Describe Chaudhri Rehamat Ali’s contribution to Pakistan?

Chaudhri Rehamat Ali was strongly in favour of a much larger independent Muslim state.
In 1933, together with three other students at Cambridge University he created the name “Pakistan”
for a possible Muslim state.

Questions from the Lesson:

Q6. What is Ijtehad?

Ijtihad is a technical term of Islamic law that describes the process of making a legal decision by
independent interpretation of the legal sources, the Qur'an and the Sunnah.

Q7. What is pan-Islamism?

Pan-Islamism is to unite all the Muslims of the world into a single community, the Ummah.

Q8.Write a short note on Khilafat movement:

The Khilafat Movement was launched by the Muslims of South Asia to force the British
Government to protect the Ottoman Empire after World War 1 and to restore the position of ruler as
caliph.
 Q9.Who was “Bi Amma?

Bi Amma was the mother of Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar and Maulana Shaukat Ali Johar. She
trained her sons on high moral grounds. She was herself active in politics. She was also a poetess.

Q10. How did Hindus take over all the prominent positions in industry and civil services
after the War of Independence?

After the fall of Mughal Empire and defeat in the War of independence, Muslims lost their
power and status. They rejected the education offered by the British. The Hindus availed the
opportunity and accepting education took over all the prominent positions in industry and
civil services.

Mind Maps
Learn all the points of these mind maps:

Published two famous magazines “Hamdard and Comrade”

a courageous writer and journalist

supported Khilafat Movement

In 1930, attended First round Table Conference

buried at bait-al-Muqaddas
 brilliant scholar and philosopher

studied from England and Germany

a great Poet

died on 21st April 1938

joined All India Muslim League in 1927 awakened Muslims through his poetry

Born in Iran

Educated in Afghanistan

a great Poet supported Ijtehad

believed in Pan-Islamism supported parliamentary system of government

 WORKSHEET 2: (Lesson 14) National Unity and Freedom Movement

Q1. Choose the correct answer:

a) Comrade and Hamdard were published by

i) Maulana M. Ali Johar iii) S.S Ahmed Khan

ii) Jamaluddin Afghani iv) Allama Iqbal

b) The Grand Mufti and a member of the Supreme Council of Al-Azhar University in Cairo.

i) Allama Iqbal iii) Muhammad Abduh

ii) Ch.Rehmat Ali iv) S.S Ahmed Khan

c) Hamdard was published in

i) 1915 ii) 1916 iii) 1917 iv)1919

d) Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar was imprisoned in

i) 1915 ii) 1916 iii) 1914 iv)1913

d) Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar was released from imprisonment in

i) 1915 ii) 1916 iii) 1918 iv) 1919

f) Life span of Allama Iqbal

i) 1877-1939 ii) 1877-1938 iii) 1877-1937 iv) 1877-1940

Q2) Give one word answer:

a) Following closely the traditional beliefs and practices of a religion. Orthodox

b) A government by the elected representatives of the people.Parliamentary democracy

c) The present name of Bait-ul-Muqaddas. Jerusalem

d) Unity of all the Muslims into a single community. Pan Islamism