eT AT The four tunes in this section contain two new notes—low I’ and E. In arder to produce these notes a slight increase in support from the stomach muscles will be necessary, The embouchure should be kept completely still, particularly while tonguing. Failure to observe these points will often result in an unstable tone, with the note perhaps jump- ing into the next register. Dynamic Markings ‘The new pieces also contain dynamic markings. They are used to indicate volume levels within a piece and are abbreviations of Italian words: Marking Italian word ‘Meaning P plano quiet mf merroforte medium loud a Sone loud Crotchet Rests The sign} in Flat 5’ is a crotchet or quarter-note rest. It represents one beat of silence in 4/4 time. ‘Ties In ‘Flat 5’ you will notice that the last two notes are connected by a curved line. This is called a tie. It has the effect of joining the two notes together as one, so you do not tongue the second G, but simply extend it by four extra beats. Do not confuse ties with slurs. A tic always connects notes of the same pitch, whereas a slur connects notes of different pitch. Flat5 Rock 4120 f