Sumangala (2012) conducted a Pre- experimental study on assess knowledge regarding impact of

usage of mobile phone during pregnancy among 50 antenatal women in hospitals at karnataka . the
sample was selected by non-probability convenient sampling method ..The mean post-test knowledge
score was (18.88 ± 3.12) higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (10.96 ± 3.36) . finally the study
concluded that structured teaching programme is effective in improving the knowledge level regarding
impact of usage of mobile phone during pregnancy among antenatal women

Laura birks .et al (2017)conducted research study at Denmark on Maternal cell phone use during
pregnancy and child behavioral problems in five birth. Child behavioral problems analyzed with child
behavior checklist reported by the mothers and classified in the borderline/clinical and clinical ranges
using validated cut-offs in children aged 5–7 years.Overall, 38.8% of mothers reported
behaviouralproblems.. that strongly support maternal cell phone use during the pregnancy can increase
the risk of child hehavioural problems. Like hyperactivity,inattention problems ( problems in the clinical
range is 1.11, at 95%CI 1.01, 1.22; 1.28at 95%CI 1.12, 1.48, among children of medium and high users,
respectively occur. finally they are concluded that Maternal mobile phone usage during pregnancy may
be associated with an increased risk for behavioral problems, especially hyperactivity/inattention
problems, in the offspring.

Fatemeh .,et .al (2015)conducted case control study on 292 women who had a history of
unexplained spontaneous abortion at  less than 14 weeks of gestation and 308 pregnant women more
than  14 weeks gestation were selected as a sample of the study. Two sets of data collection forms
were used for the study ; one was used to collect data about socioeconomic conditions and obstetric
status, medical and reproductive history, and lifestyles. Another set was used to collect data about the
usage of mobile phones during pregnancy in order to find out cell phone effects, they are measured on
the basis of average calling time per day, the location of the cell phones when not in use, use of hands-
free equipment during usage , use of phones for other applications, the specific absorption rate (SAR)
reported by the manufacturer .on the basis of statistical analysis they are concluded that use of mobile
phones may be related to the early spontaneous abortions.