Science,

Technology,
Society:
Philippine
History
 Chapter Outline
•Pre-Spanish Period
•Spanish Colonial Period
•American Period and Post Commonwealth Era
•Marcos Era
•Fifth Republic
 There are so many
things we do not want
about the world. Let us
not just mourn them.
Let us change them
Ferdinand Marcos
The Philippines- as a Third World Country
❑The development of S & T determines the socio-
economic growth of the country.
❑National progress is related to the capacity of a country
to produce local industrial goods for domestic needs.
➢Increase the chances of foreign investors for the locally
developed products
➢Increase tourism to try the products.
❑Supporting the programs of the government gives us a
better chance to regain our status in the global arena.
 Historical Background
of S & T in the Phil.
Pre-Spanish Period
• Archeological findings show that modern
man from Asian mainland 1st came over to
live in Batangas & Palawan about 48,00
B.C.
• Made simple tools & weapons of stone
flakes & developed skills like sawing &
polishing stones.
• Learned to produce adzes ornament of
seashells & pottery
• Used metals as their tools & so-called Iron
Age lasted until 3rd Century B.C. to the 11th
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA Century A.D.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Historical Background of S & T
in the Phil.
Pre-Spanish Period
• weaving, shipbuilding, mining &
farming led Filipinos in the creation
of the finest product of engineering,
the Banaue Rice Terraces
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

• Caracoa a plank-built warship was

well suited for inter-island trade.
• Filipinos have learned the curative
values of plants through extraction
• Had an alphabet, counting method,
weights, 7 measurement system.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
 Historical Background of S
& T in the Phil.
Spanish Colonial Period { S & T growth}
❑Introduced formal education & founded
scientific institutions
❑3R’s, writing & music were taught in
schools
❑More advance methods in agriculture for
natives
❑Established schools & colleges, UST as the
oldest
❑Prioritized medicine, Biology was
highlighted
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
Historical Background of S & T in the
Phil.

Spanish Colonial Period { S & T growth}

❑Spaniards made contributions in the field of Engineering
❑Construction of establishments, churches, roads, bridges,
& forts.
❑Galleon trade made a big impact in the economic growth of the
Phil.
❑Agriculture & industrial development were neglected
❑Suez Canal was built
❑American Period & Post-Commonwealth
Era
❑ S & T continued
❑Established Bureau of Laboratories in July
1, 1901 by the Phil. Commission Historical
❑to study tropical diseases & lab.
projects Background
❑Bureau of Science in 1905 as the primary of S & T in
research center of the country
❑National Research Council was
the Phil.
established in 1933
❑Science was inclined into agriculture,
forestry, medicine and pharmacy
 ❑American Period & Post-Commonwealth Era

Historical ❑ Free trade policy nurtured an economy geared

towards agriculture & trade

Background ❑Bureau of Science was replaced by Institute of

Science in 1946
of S & T in ❑“The Science Act of 1958” to establish the
National Science Development Board due to
the Phil. problems in
S & T such as:
❑lack of basic information,
❑no support,
❑minimal budget &
❑low compensation
 ❑Marcos Era
❑ Science was given importance
❑S & T priority in the 1973 Constitution
❑The need for Science in public high
Historical school in partnership with NSDB
Background ❑In 1968, technology is recognized as top
reason in economic development
of S & T in ❑Gave extra fund to science & science
the Phil. education
❑Private universities were encouraged to
create courses that focus on S & T
❑In 1970, there was upgrading of science
curriculum & equipment w/c are crucial
to science dev’t program
 ❑Marcos Era
❑ P.D.# 48 s. of 1972 was declared to support
scientific research and invention
Historical ❑Established PAGASA to give environmental
protection & utilize scientific knowledge to
Background ensure the safety of the nation
of S & T in ❑National Academy of Science &
Technology was established in 1976 to have
the Phil. scientists in S & T
❑Established campuses of Philippine
Science High School in Visayas &
Mindanao.
 Historical Background of S & T in the Phil.
❑Fifth Republic ( Corazon Aquino)
❑NSTA was replaced into DOST
❑The role of S & T was highlighted in PDP 1987-92
❑Budget allocation in s & t was increased into 1.054 B
❑Filipino scientists & inventors were encouraged to be back in the
Phil. Estimated in 1998 to be 3,000 competent scientists & engineers
❑3,500 scholarships was provided by the government
❑Schools had updated & modernized equipment & facilities
❑R.A # 8439 in 1997 (Magna Carta for S & T Employees) was enacted
to give incentives & rewards to people who made an impact in s & t
Historical Background of S & T in the
Phil.

❑Fifth Republic
❑Internet age was pushed for the advancement of schools and
industry - Joseph Estrada
❑S & T reached its Golden age – Gloria Arroyo
❑Numerous laws & projects were made to push technology forward
❑R.A. 9367, the Biofuels Act promotes the development and usage of
biofuels in the country
❑Four (4) scientists were honored in 2014 by Benigno Aquino
Historical Background of S & T in the
Phil.

❑Fifth Republic
❑Internet age was pushed for the advancement of schools and
industry - Joseph Estrada
❑S & T reached its Golden age – Gloria Arroyo
❑Numerous laws & projects were made to push technology forward
❑R.A. 9367, the Biofuels Act promotes the development and usage of
biofuels in the country
❑Four (4) scientists were honored in 2014 by Benigno Aquino
S & T in the ❑Internal influences
❑Survival
Phil. Was ❑Culture
influenced ❑Economic activities

by: ❑External influences

❑Foreign colonizers
❑Trades with foreign countries
❑International economic demands